CN111823576A - A composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and light curing technology - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and light curing technology belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The composite 3D printing technology relies on a brand-new composite 3D printer. The printer nozzle integrates the components required by the fused deposition technology and the laser generator, the core component of the light curing technology. When working, the raw material is extruded and solidified onto the working platform through the fused deposition nozzle; the working platform is installed in the liquid tank containing the photosensitive resin, and the working platform and the resin liquid level are always kept flush; the raw material extruded by the nozzle is working. After completing one layer thickness printing on the platform, the working platform descends a layer thickness under the control of the stepper motor and is immersed in the photosensitive resin; at this time, the laser generator fixed on the heating block bracket generates laser light and responds to the immersion. Scan and solidify the surface of the fused deposition part inside the photosensitive resin; after the scanning and solidification is completed, the fused deposition nozzle prints the next layer on the solid that has been deposited; the above process is repeated continuously until the entire part is printed. The product printed by the invention has the characteristics of high surface precision and good mechanical properties of the product, and the invention has a wide range of material selection, which can promote the wide application of fused deposition products and promote the further development of fused deposition technology and light curing technology.

Description

A composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and light curing technology

technical field

This patent relates to a composite 3D printing technology, in particular to a composite 3D printing technology of fused deposition technology and light curing technology, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing.

Background technique

Due to the low price of fused deposition equipment and environmentally friendly materials, fused deposition technology has become one of the most widely used rapid prototyping technologies. Fused deposition technology has been widely used in automobile manufacturing, machining, precision casting, aerospace, medical, handicraft production and children's toys and other industries, and has achieved significant economic benefits. However, the products produced by this technology have poor mechanical properties and low surface precision, which limit the further development and application of this technology. As another mature additive manufacturing technology, light curing technology has the characteristics of fast forming speed and high product precision, and is widely used in original product development, mold manufacturing and other industries.

The low strength of fused deposition products is mainly limited by the technology itself, in addition to the reasons for the raw materials themselves. Due to the inherent defects of fused deposition technology, the internal porosity of the product is high, and the bonding strength between adjacent filaments is insufficient, resulting in insufficient strength of the product printed by this technology; the low surface accuracy of the product is mainly caused by the technology in fused deposition molding. It is caused by the step surface produced in the process. The current main method to solve the problems of low strength and poor surface accuracy of fused deposition products is to optimize the molding parameters and add reinforcing phases such as fibers to the raw materials. However, this method does not essentially solve the problems of low product strength and poor surface accuracy caused by the inherent defects of fused deposition technology, and composite 3D printing technology that can combine fused deposition technology and light curing technology is rare at home and abroad.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid 3D printing technology that combines the fused deposition technology and the light curing technology into one. Using the advantages of the two technologies respectively, it can not only improve the internal density of the fused deposition product, reduce the porosity, improve the bonding strength between adjacent layers, and then improve the tensile strength of the product; it can also improve the surface accuracy of the product, thereby Promote the further development and application of fused deposition technology and light curing technology.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and light curing technology.

The technical scheme of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1: The composite 3D printing technology relies on a brand-new composite 3D printer. The printer includes a heating block with built-in heating elements and temperature sensors. The heating element heats the heating block to the temperature required to melt the fused deposition raw material and is controlled by a temperature sensor.

Step 2: There is a raw material inlet and outlet channel in the middle of the heating block. The raw material enters the heating block through the pneumatic joint and the heat pipe placed above the heating block. After being melted by the heating block, it is extruded through the nozzle and solidified onto the working platform.

Step 3: The heating block is connected to the bracket, the bracket is connected to the optical axis, and the optical axis is controlled by the stepping motor, which can realize the plane movement of the nozzle in the X and Y directions.

Step 4: The working platform is built in the liquid tank containing the photosensitive resin, and the up and down movement is controlled by the lead screw. The initial position of the working platform is flush with the liquid level of the photosensitive resin in the liquid tank.

Step 5: When the raw material extruded from the nozzle is printed on the work platform with one layer thickness, the work platform is lowered by a layer thickness under the control of the stepper motor and immersed in the photosensitive resin.

Step 6: At this time, the laser generator fixed on the heating block bracket generates laser light, and scans and solidifies the surface of the fused deposition part immersed in the photosensitive resin.

Step 7: After completing the scanning and solidification, the fused deposition nozzle prints the next layer on the solid that has been deposited. Repeat the above process until the entire part is printed.

The effects and benefits of the present invention are:

(1) High forming accuracy. The composite 3D printer technology uses photo-curing technology to print the outer surface of the product. Since the photo-curing technology itself has the characteristics of high forming accuracy, the surface accuracy of the fused deposition product can be significantly improved.

(2) The product has good performance. The composite printing technology adopts the forming method of scanning while stacking. On the one hand, it can improve the internal density of the fused deposition product and reduce the porosity, and on the other hand, it can improve the bonding strength between adjacent layers, thereby improving the overall mechanical properties of the fused deposition product. performance, and promote the wider application of fused deposition technology and light curing technology.

(3) The selection of materials is wide. The forming materials can not only use low-melting materials such as paraffin, ABS, PLA, PP, artificial rubber, casting wax and polyester thermoplastics, and wires such as low-melting metals and ceramics, but also a mixture of polymer materials and short fibers and continuous fibers. The material selection limit is small, and there are many types of applicable materials.

Description of drawings

1(a) and 1(b) are schematic diagrams of a composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and photocuring technology of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Lead screw, 2. Liquid tank, 3. Fastening screw, 4. Laser generator in X direction, 4-1X direction laser generator, 5. Heating element, 6. Heating block, 7. Throat, 8. Raw materials, 9. Pneumatic joint, 10. Radiator pipe, 11. Temperature sensor, 12. Laser generator in Y direction, 12-1. Laser generator in Y direction, 13. Connection frame, 13-1. Fixing frame, 14 .Laser fixing frame, 15. Bolt, 16. Heating block bracket, 17. Optical axis, 18. Nozzle, 19. Working platform.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The present invention is a composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and light curing technology. The schematic diagram of the technology is shown in Figure 1, including a heating block 6. The heating block has a built-in heating element 5 and a temperature sensor 11. The heating element 5 passes through the tight The fixing screw 3 is fixed in the heating block 6, and the temperature sensor is fixed with the heating block 6 through interference fit; the heating block 6 is provided with a raw material channel, which penetrates from the top to the bottom, and the top channel port is connected with the throat pipe 7 through threads, and the throat pipe 7 The other end is connected with the radiating pipe 10 through threads, and the radiating pipe is connected with the pneumatic joint 9 through threads. The heating block 6 is fixed on the connecting frame 13 by bolts through the heating block bracket 16. The connecting frame 13 is integrated with the fixing frame 13-1. The optical axis 17 passes through the fixing frame 13-1 and drives the nozzle to move in the X direction. One end is driven by a stepping motor to realize the movement in the Y direction. The laser fixing bracket 14 is fixed to the fixing frame 13 by bolts 15, and the laser generators 4 and 4-1 in the X direction and the laser generators 12 and 12-1 in the Y direction are respectively fixed on the X and Y directions of the laser bracket 14. The nozzle 18 is fixed on the bottom of the channel provided in the heating block 6 by means of threads.

When working, the material 8 enters the inner channel of the heating block 6 through the pneumatic joint 9, the cooling pipe 10 and the throat pipe 7, and is heated and melted by the heating element 5 on the heating block 6, and then extruded from the nozzle 18 and solidified on the working platform 19. . The working platform is built in the liquid tank 2 filled with photosensitive resin, and is controlled by the screw 1 to move up and down. The working platform 19 is flush with the liquid level of the photosensitive resin in the liquid tank 2 . When the nozzle 18 is driven by the heating block 6 , the connecting frame 13 , the fixing frame 13 - 1 and the optical axis 17 to complete the printing in the X and Y planes on the working platform 19 , the working platform 19 is driven by the lead screw 1 and descends one layer. Thick height, the part on the working platform 19 that has just been piled up is just immersed in the photosensitive resin in the liquid tank 2, and the upper surface of the piled part is just flush with the liquid level of the photosensitive resin in the liquid tank 2. At this time, the laser generators 4 and 4-1 in the X direction and the laser generators 12 and 12-1 in the Y direction work simultaneously to scan and cure the solid surface immersed in the photosensitive resin. After the scanning and curing is completed, the nozzle 18 continues to print the next layer on the upper surface of the stacked solid. Keep repeating the above process until the entire product is printed.

Claims (2)

1. A composite 3D printing technology based on fused deposition and photocuring technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: the composite 3D printing technology is realized by depending on a brand-new composite 3D printer, and the printer comprises a heating block, wherein a heating element and a temperature sensor are arranged in the heating block. The heating element heats the heating block to a temperature required by melting of the fused deposition raw material and is controlled by the temperature sensor.

Step 2: and a raw material inlet and outlet channel is formed in the middle of the heating block, and the raw material enters the heating block through a pneumatic connector and a radiating pipe which are arranged above the heating block, is melted by the heating block, is extruded through a nozzle and is solidified on the working platform.

And step 3: the heating block is externally connected with a support, the support is connected with an optical axis, and the optical axis is controlled by a stepping motor, so that planar motion of the spray head X, Y can be realized.

And 4, step 4: the working platform is arranged in a liquid tank filled with photosensitive resin and is controlled by a lead screw to move up and down, and the initial position of the working platform is flush with the liquid level of the photosensitive resin in the liquid tank.

And 5: after the raw material extruded from the nozzle is printed one layer thick on the work platform, the work platform is lowered one layer thick under the control of the stepping motor and is immersed into the photosensitive resin.

Step 6: the laser generator fixed to the heating block holder generates laser light and scans and solidifies the surface of the fused deposition part immersed in the photosensitive resin.

And 7: after the scanning solidification is completed, the fused deposition nozzle prints the next layer on the stacked entity. And continuously repeating the process until the whole part is printed.

2. A composite 3D printing technique based on fused deposition and photocuring techniques as described in claim 1, wherein:

(1) a laser generator of a core component of a photocuring technology is fixed on a spray head of a fused deposition printer, so that the alternating and composite work of two printing technologies is realized.

(2) The working platform required by the fused deposition printing process is embedded in the resin liquid tank required by the photocuring printing process, and the surface of the working platform is always kept flush with the liquid level of the photosensitive resin in the liquid tank.

(3) The fused deposition technology and the light curing technology are combined, and the combined printing of the two technologies is realized on the same printer.

(4) The fused deposition raw materials required by the composite printing technology not only comprise low-melting-point materials such as paraffin, ABS, PLA, PP, artificial rubber, cast wax, polyester thermoplastic and the like, and wires such as low-melting-point metal, ceramic and the like, but also comprise a mixture of a high polymer material, short fibers and continuous fibers.

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