CN1118232C - Method for producing hybrid rice seeds using seed color - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing hybrid rice seeds by using seed color marker characters comprises transferring the seed color marker characters into the existing sterile lines or restorer lines, and breeding into the marker character sterile lines or restorer lines of different maturity stages; the marked character sterile line and the unmarked character restoring line or the unmarked character sterile line and the marked character restoring line with similar sowing and extracting periods are mixed and sown according to the proportion of 5: 1-6: 1, the harvested seeds are separated by a photoelectric separator according to the colors of the seeds, and the hybrid rice seeds are obtained. The invention has the characteristics of simple and easy seed production, stable yield and high yield.

Description

Method for producing hybrid rice seeds using seed color

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice heterosis utilization, and in particular relates to a method for breeding a golden-shell male sterile line or a restorer line and producing a hybrid thereof.

The large-scale production and utilization of hybrid rice in China is mainly due to the labor-intensive hybrid rice seed production technology. However, this technology has many problems and cannot adapt to mechanized seed production. With the development of social economy and the transfer of rural labor force, the process of industrialization of seed engineering is accelerating. The realization of mechanized seed production technology is inevitable to reduce production costs and industrialize seed engineering. trend.

The specific technical defect of the existing hybrid rice seed production is that the seeds of the sterile line and the restorer line are both grass-colored (light yellow) in color, and the two cannot be distinguished. Therefore, mechanized mixed sowing and mixed harvesting cannot be realized during seed production; hybrids and parents (restorer lines) cannot be separated.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can make the production of hybrid rice seeds simple and easy; and can use existing agricultural implements to sow, harvest and effectively separate hybrid rice seeds from parents (restorer lines) to produce seeds that meet the national requirements. Standard commercial hybrid seeds.

Content of the present invention is realized like this:

A method for producing hybrid rice seeds using the traits marked by seed color, in which the traits marked by seed color are transferred to existing sterile lines or restorer lines, and sterile lines or restorer lines with traits marked by seed color are bred at different maturity stages; Seeds with similar seed color-marked traits CMS and unmarked traits restorer lines or unmarked traits CMS and seed color-marked traits restorer seeds are sown in a ratio of 5:1-6:1, and the harvested seeds, The photoelectric separator of the polished rice processing machine is used to sort according to the color of the seeds, and the seeds with marked traits are sorted from the seeds without marked traits to obtain hybrid rice seeds.

Seed color marking traits are golden shells.

Seed color marking trait CMS is gold GA.

The restorer line marked by seed color is Jin 422.

Seed mixed sowing is sowing with a seeder or artificial field directing.

The seeds are harvested in the field with harvesting machines or harvested manually in the field according to the color of the seeds.

Seed sorting is to sort the mixed seeds in the seed production field with the photoelectric separator of the rice milling machine to obtain hybrid rice seeds that meet the national seed standards.

Further describe content of the present invention below:

The invention mainly includes two aspects of breeding of the golden shell male sterile line or restorer line and hybrid rice seed production.

1. Breeding of golden husk CMS or restorer lines: Rice husk colors are generally divided into grass color (light yellow), gold (dark yellow), purple, and black. However, the sterile lines, restorer lines and _F1 seeds used in the existing production are all grass-colored. Therefore, the golden shell trait gene is input into the existing male sterile line or restorer line, and the golden shell male sterile line or restorer line of different maturity stages is bred. The golden-shell male sterile line Jin GA, the golden-shell restorer line Jin 422, etc. have been bred.

2. Seed production technology: prepare golden-hull CMS and grass-hull restorer or grass-hull CMS and golden-hull restorer with similar sowing and pumping periods. The specific measures are as follows: ① Sowing: Seeds of the CMS and restorer lines Mixed sowing at a ratio of 5:1-6:1 can be sown with a seeder or broadcast in the field artificially; ②Harvesting: can be harvested in the field using harvesting machines, or can be harvested manually in the field according to the color of the seeds; ③Sorting: Use the photoelectric separator of the existing rice polishing machine to sort the seeds mixed and harvested in the field. Because the photoelectric separator (ESM) of the rice polishing machine uses the color of the grain as the sorting standard, it is easy to separate the golden shell The seeds are separated from the grass-colored shell seeds, and the test result of the applicant of the present invention is that the sorting rate is 99%, which is higher than the national seed standard.

Advantage of the present invention and positive effect are as follows:

1. Simple and easy to implement: the present invention can use existing agricultural machinery to implement mechanized sowing and harvesting in the field of seed production technology, saving labor and reducing production costs.

2. Stable yield and high yield: firstly, because the present invention adopts parental seed production at the same maturity stage, it is not necessary to adjust the flowering stage, thereby greatly reducing the probability of yield reduction due to climate and other factors; The random distribution is uniform, the pollen is scattered reasonably, and it is easy to obtain high yield.

Describe the concrete implementation method of the present invention below:

1. Transfer the golden shell trait gene into male sterile lines or restorer lines at different maturity stages to obtain stable and usable golden shell male sterile lines or restorer lines. The golden-shell male sterile line is gold GA, and the golden-shell restorer line is gold 422.

2. Sow the golden-husk CMS and the grass-husk restorer or the grass-husk CMS and the golden-hull restorer at a ratio of 5:1-6:1, which can be sown with a seeder or artificially broadcast in the field. Harvesting: Harvesting machines can be used to harvest mixedly in the field, or manually harvested separately according to the color of the seeds in the field. Other field management measures (such as fertilization, watering, pest control, disease control, etc.) are the same as those of general field rice production.

3. Sorting the mixed seeds with the photoelectric separator of the polished rice processing machine to obtain hybrid rice seeds.

Claims (1)

1. A method for producing hybrid rice seeds utilizing the traits marked by seed color, characterized in that: the golden shell trait gene is transferred to a sterile line or a restorer line, and bred into a golden GA and restorer line with a trait marked by seed color The line is Jin 422; the seeds of the color-marked trait Jin GA and the unmarked trait restorer line or the unmarked trait male sterile line and the seed color-marked trait restorer line Jin 422 seeds with similar sowing and pumping periods are mixed at a ratio of 5:1-6:1 Hybrid rice seeds are obtained by sorting the seeds with marked traits and those without marked traits by using the photoelectric separator of the rice polishing machine to sort according to the color of the seeds.