CN111827022A - Quick maintenance method for double-block ballastless track - Google Patents
Quick maintenance method for double-block ballastless track Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/02—Transporting, laying, removing, or renewing lengths of assembled track, assembled switches, or assembled crossings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
- E01B29/06—Transporting, laying, removing or renewing sleepers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick maintenance method of a double-block ballastless track, which comprises a chiseling stage, a transition stage, a pouring stage and a recovery stage; the chiseling stage mainly comprises the steps of chiseling concrete between sleepers, cutting reinforcing steel bars on the upper layer of a track bed board, milling an inverted arch filling layer and the like; the transition stage mainly comprises the steps of sleeper beam pushing and removing, sleeper transition, track slope adjustment, bar planting and drilling in the reconstruction range and the like; the pouring stage mainly comprises the steps of transition wooden sleeper extraction, sleeper installation, concrete pouring and the like; the recovery stage mainly comprises the steps of regulating the track downslope at two sides of the section, releasing and locking the line stress, finely adjusting the track, recovering the vehicle and gradually accelerating the speed; the method can avoid the defects of construction time points of skylight points on the premise of ensuring the driving safety as the head position, quickly and orderly repair and maintain the damaged road sections, and the ballastless track after maintenance has good precision and safety and firm and durable track structure, thereby having positive practical significance for improving the safe operation and the service life of railways.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of track maintenance construction, in particular to a quick maintenance method for a double-block ballastless track.
Background
High-speed railways are characterized by high speed and high density, and their objectives are high safety and high riding comfort, so that a track structure must have high ride comfort and high stability. The core of high smoothness is to keep the good geometric state of the track structure; high stability refers to the ability of the track to maintain high ride comfort and balanced elasticity, maintaining part availability and integrity under high speed operating conditions. If the stability of the rail is difficult to guarantee, the necessary maintenance or quick replacement must be carried out.
The double-block ballastless track is widely applied to passenger dedicated lines in China, but problems such as expansion, cracks, plate breakage, sinking, arching, crack separation, slurry flooding and the like occur in the using process, and some problems, particularly the problems that the arching of the track cannot be thoroughly solved by adopting a maintenance method can not be solved at all; the elevation of the rail surface can be reduced and the structural integrity of the track bed plate can be ensured only by replacing a ballastless track structure or a sleeper. The existing maintenance method is mostly to make a construction scheme according to the actual road section condition, the construction difficulty is often concentrated, and an effective and systematic maintenance method is lacked.
In addition, the high-speed railway in China has large transportation capacity and short skylight time; the maintenance (or replacement) of the ballastless track interferes with the normal transportation order, forms a new potential safety hazard and influences the higher utilization rate of the line; the contradiction between transportation and maintenance (or replacement) is prominent, and the popularization, application and rapid maintenance and replacement of the ballastless track have important significance during the operation of a passenger special line.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly maintaining a double-block ballastless track, aiming at the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a quick maintenance method for a double-block ballastless track comprises a chiseling stage, a transition stage, a pouring stage and a recovery stage;
in the chiseling stage, mainly comprising the steps of determining a construction section, cutting and separating the end part of a ballast bed, temporarily transferring and modifying grounding, positioning a transverse gauge, chiseling concrete among sleepers, cutting reinforcing steel bars on the upper layer of the ballast bed plate and milling an inverted arch filling layer;
in the transition stage, the method mainly comprises the steps of sleeper beam pushing removal, sleeper transition, track slope adjustment and bar planting and drilling in a reconstruction range, wherein the sleeper transition is carried out immediately after the old sleeper is dismantled, and the construction of sleeper transition and the dismantling of the old sleeper are completed in a skylight point;
in the pouring stage, the method mainly comprises the steps of transition wooden sleeper extraction, sleeper installation, base surface cleaning, simple track panel installation, bottom layer steel bar installation, bed slab upper layer steel bar installation and grounding steel bar welding, reconstruction of section bar planting, template installation, track fine adjustment, concrete pouring, concrete pressure smooth surface receiving and maintenance, template fixing track panel dismantling and in-field transportation, bolt hole plugging, sequential transition and withdrawal inspection;
and in the recovery stage, the method mainly comprises the steps of regulating the track downslope at two sides of the section, releasing and locking the line stress, finely adjusting the track, recovering the vehicle and gradually accelerating the speed.
The quick maintenance method for the double-block ballastless track can quickly and orderly repair and maintain the damaged road section on the premise of ensuring the driving safety as the head through chiseling, transition, pouring and recovering the four stages, and can be applied to the repair and maintenance of various ballastless tracks, particularly, the ballastless track structure or the sleeper is replaced to reduce the track surface elevation damage, so that the method has important significance, the precision and the safety of the ballastless track after maintenance are good, the track structure is firm and durable, and the method has positive practical significance for improving the railway safe operation and prolonging the service life.
In the process of renovating and maintaining, the skylight point time is comprehensively utilized for operation, construction can be carried out on a railway operation line, and the construction flow and the construction task are reasonably arranged by considering the influences of factors such as driving safety, construction boundary, process flow and the like; the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened.
Through the wood sleeper transition, the construction of dividing road sections can be ensured to be finished in the same skylight point immediately after the old sleeper is dismantled or the bed plate is poured, the temporary passing of the train is not influenced, and the safe passing of the train can be ensured.
Further, the cutting and separating of the end part of the track bed is to cut the surface of the track bed plate at the starting point and the end point of the ballastless track dismantling range by more than 2cm according to a 'renovation track design drawing', and separate the concrete at the end part from the adjacent unremovably sections; in the temporary grounding transfer, the grounding steel bars in the ballastless track utilize structural steel bars in the track bed slab, each unit of track bed slab utilizes 3 steel bars with 20mm of the upper layer and a transverse structural steel bar with 16mm as transverse grounding steel bars, the transverse and longitudinal grounding are welded by adopting L-shaped steel bars, and each 100m of the track bed slab forms a grounding unit.
Furthermore, the chiseling of the concrete between the sleepers is realized by adopting a method of 'continuously chiseling the concrete between the sleepers', the chiseling is realized by adopting a mode of 'cutting and chiseling', and meanwhile, the longitudinal and transverse steel bars on the upper layer are cut; the first skylight point only chisels out the concrete of the track bed plate in the middle of the sleeper without chiseling out the sleeper.
By adopting the method, the concrete waste residues in the cleaned sleeper space can be chiseled off when the skylight point is close to finish, so that the normal opening of the train is not influenced; when the concrete between the sleepers is chiseled, the upper part reinforcing steel bars can be stripped from the concrete after being cut off and can be completely cut off and taken out, and the risk of scraping when a train passes through is avoided.
Further, the wood pillow transition comprises the following processes:
(1) assembling a fastener: installing K-type split fasteners before lifting the sleepers, conveying the sleepers to original sleepers in groups, and fixing the sleepers on steel rails by adopting threaded spikes;
(2) marking a sleeper: the position of the sleeper is marked on the side surface of the steel rail by using a marking pen, so that the sleeper is convenient to install and position;
(3) putting on the pillow: arranging the sleepers on the filling layer at a distance of 0.65m along the longitudinal direction of the line, wherein the sleepers are at the same position as the old sleepers, and the specifications of the sleepers are 0.25m wide, 0.30m high and 2.5m long;
(4) limiting: and drilling holes at the two ends of the sleeper in the longitudinal and transverse directions, anchoring a phi 20 steel bar, limiting and fixing the sleeper in the transverse and longitudinal directions by adopting square timbers and wood wedges, and compacting and tightly extruding the bottom of the sleeper by adopting steel plates with different thicknesses.
Further, the track slope adjustment comprises the steps of loosening fasteners at two ends of a reconstruction section, adjusting a fine adjustment backing plate under a track, temporarily not fastening the fasteners after adjustment, then adjusting the track direction, the track gauge and the elevation, and locking the fasteners after adjustment is finished; the rail-direction elevation of the left and right strands of steel rails is adjusted by the rail lifting device, the allowable deviation of the elevation is +/-2 mm, the allowable deviation of the rail direction is not more than 2mm/10m chord length, and the allowable deviation of the gauge is not more than +2mm and-1 mm.
Furthermore, the holes for the embedded steel bars in the reconstruction range are drilled between the sleepers by utilizing the skylight, the embedded steel bars are prepared for pouring the concrete of the track bed, the hole depth of the embedded steel bars is 250mm, and the hole diameter of the embedded steel bars is 32 mm.
Furthermore, the transition wooden sleeper extraction comprises the steps of dismantling a transition wooden sleeper limiting device in the construction unit range, and loosening at least 5 pairs of fasteners at two ends of a dismantled and rebuilt section; the sleeper installation follows the transition wooden sleeper extraction operation, when the sleepers are installed, space marks are made on corresponding steel rails, and the sleeper space is controlled to be 600-650 mm. Clear and accurate, have the setting interval sign of uniqueness and reasonable control sign interval, be favorable to improving sleeper installation speed.
Further, simple and easy rail framed bent installation is not more than 2 sleepers (1300mm) according to the interval and arranges, and rail framed bent installation is installed according to the order of installing unit festival both sides behind the unit festival of installing earlier in the middle part, detects whether the rail framed bent installation has the distortion, whether screw up, whether the pole setting is installed the PVC sleeve pipe at same vertical face, horizontal stop screw in the installation. Temporary faults occurring during construction are reduced, and construction progress is prevented from being influenced.
Furthermore, before the concrete is poured, cleaning sundries on a pouring surface, spraying water to wet the storage hopper, the sleeper and the track plate base, and covering the sleeper and the fastener by using a protective cover; each unit structure is cast in situ by using a plurality of drum mixers, the concrete is kept to be cast from a casting port of a sleeper in the middle of the unit structure during casting to form a C-shaped casting groove, one-time casting is in place, the press polish receiving surface is synchronously performed, and the strength of the side concrete reaches the opening strength of the design requirement in advance; when the concrete automatically flows to the next sleeper from the lower part of the sleeper, the concrete is moved to the pouring port of the next sleeper after being compacted by vibration.
By adopting the concrete pouring method, the concrete is reasonably and uniformly distributed, the pouring speed can be ensured, and the pouring quality can also be ensured.
Further, the line stress relief and locking comprises the steps of rail temperature measurement, stress relief and line locking; the rail temperature measurement is used for carrying out multipoint measurement on different positions of the steel rail and taking an average value as the rail temperature; the stress is diffused at the starting and ending positions of the dismantling section by taking the length of not less than 500m as a unit of the positive line section, when the stress is diffused by adopting a roller method, rollers are arranged every 12-15 m, and a rail collision device is arranged every 300 m; when the stress is diffused, a temporary displacement observation pile is arranged every 100m to observe the displacement of the steel rail, so that obstacles influencing the diffusion are eliminated in time; and simultaneously performing fastener fastening operation within the range of the unit rail sections which have finished the stress relief.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the method for quickly maintaining the double-block ballastless track can quickly and orderly repair and maintain the damaged road section on the premise of ensuring the driving safety as the first position through the chiseling, the transition, the pouring and the recovery stages, forms the construction specification of quick maintenance through the four stages, can be applied to the repair and maintenance of various ballastless tracks, and has important significance for reducing the elevation damage of the rail surface especially when the ballastless track structure or the sleeper is replaced, the precision and the safety of the maintained ballastless track are good, the track structure is firm and durable, and has positive practical significance for improving the safe operation and the service life of the railway; 2. in the process of renovating and maintaining, the skylight point time is comprehensively utilized for operation, construction can be carried out on a railway operation line, and the construction flow and the construction task are reasonably arranged by considering the influences of factors such as driving safety, construction boundary, process flow and the like; the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened; 3. through wood sleeper transition and following old sleeper removal or track bed plate removal, construction for dividing road sections can be guaranteed to be completed in the same skylight point, temporary passing of trains is not affected, and safe passing of the trains can be guaranteed; 4. the rapid maintenance method has clear steps and clear process, each step is easy to construct and operate, the concentration of construction difficulty is reduced, and the ballastless track can be systematically and comprehensively repaired.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a chiseling stage of a quick maintenance method of a double-block ballastless track according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chiseling construction sequence of the quick maintenance method for a double-block ballastless track according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of a transition stage of the quick repair method for a double-block ballastless track according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of a pouring stage of the quick repair method for a double-block ballastless track of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of a recovery stage of the quick repair method for a double-block ballastless track according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A quick maintenance method for a double-block ballastless track comprises a chiseling stage, a transition stage, a pouring stage and a recovery stage and specifically comprises the following steps.
And in the chiseling stage, chiseling the concrete between the track bed slab and the sleeper by utilizing the skylight point time.
As shown in fig. 1, the process flow at this stage is: chiseling concrete among sleepers is carried out after anchoring construction of a ballast bed at the end part is finished, and the chiseling among the sleepers comprises determining a construction section, cutting and separating the ballast bed end part, temporarily moving and changing the grounding, positioning the transverse gauge, chiseling concrete among the sleepers, cutting upper-layer steel bars of a ballast bed board and milling an inverted arch filling layer (the longitudinal steel bars at the bottom layer are not disconnected).
The process flow mainly adopts flow construction (vertical process) and adopts parallel construction as auxiliary (horizontal process); inserting needle can be seen, and the construction is alternated. The construction process and the construction method can obviously improve the concrete chiseling speed and the construction quality.
1) Determining construction sections
Marking the starting point and the end point of the ballastless track dismantling range on the track slab according to a 'ballastless track disease stage renovation track design drawing' to determine a construction section.
2) Cutting and separating end of ballast bed
Cutting the surfaces of the ballast-free track bed slabs at the starting point and the end point of the dismantling range by more than 2cm according to a 'design drawing for staged treatment of ballastless track diseases' so as to ensure that the end concrete is separated from the adjacent unremovably sections.
3) Temporary migration and improvement of grounding
The ground steel bars in the ballastless track utilize structural steel bars in a track bed plate, each unit track bed plate utilizes 3 steel bars (two sides and the middle respectively) with the length of 20mm at the upper layer and a transverse structural steel bar with the length of 16mm as transverse ground steel bars, and the transverse and longitudinal ground are welded by adopting L-shaped steel bars; the road bed board is grounded to form a grounding unit every 100 m. The grounding temporary transfer can avoid damaging the existing grounding steel bar grounding network on the upper layer when the ballast bed slab is chiseled out for construction.
The temporary grounding of the ballastless track dismantling section can be welded with the existing track bed plate (longitudinal grounding steel bar close to one side of the cable trench without dismantling the section) with the length of 1 round steel of 10mm, and the single-side welding is more than or equal to 10 cm.
4) Transverse gauge positioning
And adopting track gauge pull rods to perform transverse track gauge positioning every 2 sleepers.
5) Chiseling and removing concrete between sleepers
And chiseling the concrete between the bed slab and the sleepers according to a 'ballastless track disease stage regulation track design diagram' to remove and replace a starting point and an end point of a range of ballastless tracks by adopting a 'continuous chiseling method of the concrete between the sleepers'. The concrete chiseling adopts an air pick or an electric pick to perform manual chiseling, and simultaneously cuts the upper-layer longitudinal and transverse steel bars.
Can ensure through the mode of "cutting with chisel removal" that the reinforcing bar that the upper strata was cut off peels off with the concrete and takes out, can not influence and produce the risk of scraping the car.
The first skylight point only chisels out the concrete of the track bed plate in the middle of the sleeper without chiseling out the sleeper. The concrete chiseling construction procedure of the track bed plate is as shown in fig. 2, taking a construction area of 5m as an example, only 7 areas a (concrete between sleepers) are chiseled during the chiseling construction of the track bed plate, and the original sleeper bearing steel rail is reserved. The area B is a sleeper and concrete in the area under the sleeper.
6) Cutting of roadbed slab steel bar
When the concrete between the sleepers is chiseled, the reinforcing steel bars on the double-block sleeper truss are retained, the reinforcing steel bars on the upper layer of the track bed plate can be cut off by adopting an angle grinder, oxygen cutting equipment and other equipment, and the reinforcing steel bars on the lower layer are not cut off.
7) Leveling, planing, milling and roughening inverted arch backfill layer
Because the original height of the ballastless track structure is 515mm, the height of the reconstructed ballastless track structure is 555mm, in order to meet the requirement of the height of the reconstructed section of the ballastless track structure, machines and tools such as electric shovels are adopted to clear an inverted arch backfill layer with the thickness of 40mm, and the track trolley is used for transporting the inverted arch backfill layer out of the hole.
And secondly, wood pillow transition, after a sleeper region (region A) is chiseled off in the line direction at the upper skylight by the track bed plate, the sleeper and the area below the sleeper (region B) are chiseled off, the wood pillow is installed at the position of the original sleeper, and the wood pillow is adopted for temporary transition.
As shown in fig. 3, the process flow at this stage includes temporary sleeper beam replacement transition, sleeper beam pushing removal, sleeper transition (fastener assembly, sleeper marking, sleeper penetrating, limiting, inter-sleeper supporting), track slope adjustment, and bar planting and drilling within the reconstruction range.
The process flow mainly comprises parallel construction, wherein wood sleeper transition (fastener assembly, sleeper marking, sleeper penetrating, limiting and inter-sleeper supporting) mainly comprises flow construction; inserting needle can be seen, and the construction is alternated.
The wooden sleeper transition is carried out along with the sleeper removal, an old sleeper is dismantled and a new sleeper is replaced, the sleeper support steel rail is changed into a wooden sleeper support steel rail, wooden sleeper transition construction and old sleeper removal are completed in the same skylight point, and safe traffic can be guaranteed.
(1) Sleeper beam push removal
Cutting off the reinforcing steel bars of the double-block sleeper truss by adopting equipment such as hydraulic pliers, oxygen cutting and the like, loosening an old sleeper fastener, and manually pushing and removing the old sleeper by adopting machines such as crowbars and the like; chiseling the bottom of the old sleeper to the designed height, and leveling the position right below the wooden sleeper.
(2) Transition of wooden pillow
Assembling a fastener: before the sleeper is lifted, K-shaped split fasteners are installed, 4 persons carry the sleeper to the original sleeper, and the sleeper is fixed on the steel rail by adopting a threaded spike.
Marking a sleeper: the sleeper position is marked on the side surface of the steel rail by using a marking pen, so that the sleeper is convenient to install and position.
Putting on the pillow: crossties (at the same position as the old crossties) are arranged on the filling layer at a distance of 0.65m along the longitudinal direction of the line, and the specification of the crossties is 0.25m (width) multiplied by 0.30m (height) multiplied by 2.5 (length) m.
Limiting: the wooden sleeper is drilled in the longitudinal and transverse directions at two ends and anchored with phi 20 steel bars, square timbers are adopted, wooden wedges are used for limiting and fixing the sleeper, steel plates with different thicknesses are adopted at the bottom of the wooden sleeper for compaction and compaction, steel plates with different thicknesses are prepared to be 3cm, 2cm, 1cm, 0.5cm,0.2cm and 0.1cm, a clearance gauge is adopted for checking whether the bottom of the wooden sleeper is suspended, and if the bottom of the sleeper is suspended, the steel plates are replaced until the bottom of the sleeper (an area under a steel rail) is compacted.
(3) Track slope adjustment
Dismantling the downslope at two ends of the reconstruction section: should deal with both ends at least 5 and carry out the pine knot to the fastener before dismantling the track fine tuning of rebuilding section, the fine setting backing plate should be adjusted according to the accent slope data that the design provided under the track, and the fastener is not screwed up temporarily after the adjustment.
Adjusting the rail direction, the rail gauge and the elevation: the track direction and track gauge adjustment is carried out firstly during the track fine adjustment. The track lifting device and the track gauge pull rods are arranged between sleepers for adjustment, the track lifting device is used for adjusting the track direction elevation of the left and right strands of steel rails, the allowable deviation of the elevation is +/-2 mm, the allowable deviation of the track direction is not more than 2mm/10m chord length, the allowable deviation of the track gauge is not more than +2mm and-1 mm, and the simple track bent and the track gauge pull rods are transversely fixed after the track lifting device is checked to be error-free.
After the work is finished, the fasteners at the two ends of the dismantling and rebuilding section are fastened and locked.
(4) Drilling for embedding steel bars in reconstruction range
The depth of the bar planting hole is 250mm, and the aperture of the bar planting hole is 35 mm. By utilizing the skylight, holes are drilled between the sleepers, and preparation work is made for bar planting when the track bed concrete is poured, so that the subsequent construction time is saved.
Third, pouring stage
As shown in fig. 4, the process flow at this stage is: construction preparation → upper road walking → extraction of transition wooden sleeper → cleaning of base plane → installation of simple track row → installation of sleeper → installation of bottom layer reinforcing steel bar → installation of upper layer reinforcing steel bar of track bed plate and welding of grounding reinforcing steel bar → reconstruction of section bar planting → installation of formwork → track restoration (fine adjustment) → concrete pouring → concrete press smooth receiving surface and maintenance → dismantling of formwork and fixed track row, transportation in field → blocking bolt hole → smooth transition (fine adjustment) → return inspection in field.
The transition wooden pillow extraction comprises the steps of dismantling a transition wooden pillow limiting device in the construction unit range, and loosening at least 5 pairs of fasteners at two ends of a dismantled reconstruction section; the sleeper installation follows the transition wooden sleeper extraction operation, when the sleepers are installed, space marks are made on corresponding steel rails, and the sleeper space is controlled to be 600-650 mm. Clear and accurate, have the setting interval sign of uniqueness and reasonable control sign interval, be favorable to improving sleeper installation speed.
The arrangement position of the sleepers can be controlled according to the position marks of the sleepers, the sleepers are uniformly distributed to the designed position, and the distance between two adjacent groups of track panels is controlled, so that the workload of adjusting the sleepers is reduced; the distance between the sleepers is 600-650 mm, each construction unit structure is checked once with the mileage control points marked on the site, the accumulated longitudinal error of the sleepers is controlled and dispersed, and corresponding adjustment is made. The sleeper installation can once target in place, avoids going the adjustment again after the track fine tuning finishes.
The base surface cleaning is to clean scum, broken stones and accumulated water on the surface of the inverted arch backfill layer by adopting high-pressure air, and the holes reserved for the anchoring steel bars which are well done in advance are blocked in the cleaning process, so that the fine slag is prevented from falling into the holes to influence the hole cleaning quality.
Wherein, simple and easy rail bent installation is not more than two sleepers (1300 mm's distance) according to the interval and arranges, and the installation of rail bent frame is installed (also be fixed rail bar installation middle part, tip) according to the order of installing unit festival both sides behind the unit festival of installing earlier, detects whether the installation of rail bent frame has the distortion, whether at same vertical face, whether the horizontal stop screw is screwed up, whether the pole setting is installed the PVC sleeve pipe. Temporary faults occurring during construction are reduced, and construction progress is prevented from being influenced.
Wherein the track resetting (fine adjustment) is basically the same as the track slope adjustment operation in the transition stage, and the difference is that the simple track bent and the track gauge pull rod need to be transversely fixed; and adjusting by using a screw rod on the simple rail bent frame during elevation adjustment, rechecking two-strand height difference by using a track gauge after the left strand is adjusted, and adjusting the elevation of the right strand.
The concrete is poured before concrete construction, and raw material inspection and mix proportion test of the concrete are carried out; cleaning sundries on a pouring surface, and spraying water to wet the storage hopper, the sleeper and the track slab base; the protective cover is used for covering the sleeper and the fasteners, so that the damage to the existing components is avoided.
Before concrete is poured, each unit structure is poured in situ by using 4 (1 stand-by nearby) drum mixers (0.15 cube); each 2 drum-type mixers are responsible for casting 1/2 unit structure concrete, the concrete is kept to be cast from a casting port of a sleeper in the middle of the unit structure during casting, a C-shaped casting groove is formed, one-time casting is in place, synchronous press polishing and surface rolling are facilitated, and the strength of the side concrete reaches the design requirement in advance when opening; when the concrete automatically flows to the next sleeper from the lower part of the sleeper, the concrete is moved to the pouring port of the next sleeper after being compacted by vibration.
The concrete vibrating rod is configured according to 1/4 m2, the vibrating rod is prevented from touching the track panel and the support frame during vibrating, the insertion points are uniformly arranged, and the vibration is not leaked. Meanwhile, the change of the geometric state of the track panel and the falling of the insulation clamp are noticed, the stability and firmness of the track panel, the template and the support frame and the insulation effect of the steel bar are guaranteed, if the track panel, the template and the support frame are displaced, pouring and vibrating are immediately stopped, and the adjustment work is completed before initial setting of concrete. The vibration of the bottom of the sleeper and the concrete around the sleeper is enhanced in the vibration process, and the concrete is ensured to be compact.
In order to prevent the concrete surface water from dispersing too fast to cause cracking in the concrete press polish-finished surface, after the surface concrete is vibrated, the surface concrete is timely followed to be trimmed and the exposed surface of the concrete is smoothed. After the concrete is filled into the mould, wood plastering is immediately used for finishing rough plastering (at least 1 time) and steel plastering (at least 2 times), and concrete residues adhered to steel rails, sleepers and fasteners are timely brushed in the construction process, so that the concrete surface of the track bed plate is prevented from being polluted. When the surface is smeared, the water is strictly prevented from being sprayed to moisten the surface, and the quality of surface concrete is prevented from being influenced by excessive operation. In the plastering process, the construction of the lower parts of the steel rail, the fixed track panel regulator, the periphery of the sleeper and other parts is enhanced, and the quality problem is avoided.
After the concrete compressive strength of the ballast bed plate reaches more than 10Mpa, the connection of the longitudinal and transverse templates is firstly loosened, and then the templates are manually dismantled. And the demolition is sequentially carried out block by block from back to front according to the construction direction, and the cleaning and the oiling are carried out. Storing various templates, cushion blocks, fixed tripods and the like in a classified manner, storing small pieces in a turnover basket, and placing the small pieces in a storage area of the next construction section.
After the track bent is dismantled, the geometric dimension of the track bent is checked in time, and concrete or other pollutants attached to the bottom and the surface of the track are removed.
During the construction of the plugging bolt hole, sundries in the hole of the screw rod are cleaned up, the hole formed by the adjusting shaft screw rod in the concrete is plugged and compacted by high-strength shrinkage-free concrete, the surface is screeded, and no water accumulation, sundries and the like exist in the hole.
And fourthly, a recovery stage, as shown in fig. 5, comprising the steps of regulating the track downslope at two sides of the section, releasing and locking the line stress, finely adjusting the track, recovering the vehicle and gradually accelerating the speed.
1) Renovate the track downslope of both sides of the sector
And (5) regulating and treating the slope of the construction section line.
2) Line stress relaxation and locking
Firstly, measuring rail temperature
When the rail temperature is measured, the rail temperature is measured by carrying out multipoint measurement on different positions of the steel rail and taking the average value as the rail temperature.
Stress diffusion
And the stress is diffused at the starting and ending positions of the dismantling section by taking not less than 500m as a unit for the positive line section, when the stress is diffused by adopting a roller method, rollers are arranged every 12-15 m, and a rail collision device is arranged every 300 m. When the stress is diffused, temporary displacement observation piles are arranged every 100m or so to observe the displacement of the steel rail, so that obstacles influencing the diffusion are timely eliminated, and the stress is uniformly and thoroughly diffused.
The stress dispersion construction process by the roller method comprises the following steps: construction preparation → fastener removal → roller laying → stress relief → displacement marking.
Measuring the rail temperature, confirming that the rail temperature is within the original design locking rail temperature range, adopting an internal combustion wrench to dismantle the fastener, placing the elastic strip and the gauge block on the sleeper shoulder, and placing the gauge block number correctly. The rail is supported by a rail lifting machine, a roller is arranged at intervals of 12-15 m to ensure that the rail is smooth visually, and rail impacting devices are arranged at proper positions in a diffusing range and are simultaneously used for rail impacting and diffusing in a matched manner until the rail rebounds, namely the rail is judged to reach a zero-stress state. And a temporary displacement observation mark is made every 100m so as to observe the displacement of the steel rail.
③ line locking
The operating personnel rapidly and evenly distribute in the unit track section range which finishes stress dispersion, and simultaneously carry out the operation of fastening the fastener, when fastening the fastener, the operation is carried out in a mode of 1 on the direction of the fixed end from the stretching end, and then the residual fastener is fastened in the shortest time from the fixed end to the stretching end. The rail temperatures at the start and end of the lock operation are measured, and the average value thereof is taken as the actual lock rail temperature.
3) Track fine adjustment
4) And the vehicle is recovered and the speed is gradually increased.
By the construction method, the ballastless track can be maintained quickly and effectively, the influence of factors such as driving safety, construction boundaries, process flows and the like is fully considered, the construction flow and construction tasks are reasonably arranged, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened; through the four stages of chiseling, transition, pouring and recovery, the damaged road section can be quickly and orderly repaired and maintained on the premise of ensuring the driving safety as the head position, and the construction specification of the system is formed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A quick maintenance method for a double-block ballastless track is characterized by comprising a chiseling stage, a transition stage, a pouring stage and a recovery stage;
in the chiseling stage, mainly comprising the steps of determining a construction section, cutting and separating the end part of a ballast bed, temporarily transferring and modifying grounding, positioning a transverse gauge, chiseling concrete among sleepers, cutting reinforcing steel bars on the upper layer of the ballast bed plate and milling an inverted arch filling layer;
in the transition stage, the method mainly comprises the steps of sleeper beam pushing removal, sleeper transition, track slope adjustment and bar planting and drilling in a reconstruction range, wherein the sleeper transition is carried out immediately after the old sleeper is dismantled, and the construction of sleeper transition and the dismantling of the old sleeper are completed in a skylight point;
in the pouring stage, the method mainly comprises the steps of transition wooden sleeper extraction, sleeper installation, base surface cleaning, simple track panel installation, bottom layer steel bar installation, bed slab upper layer steel bar installation and grounding steel bar welding, reconstruction of section bar planting, template installation, track fine adjustment, concrete pouring, concrete pressure smooth surface receiving and maintenance, template fixing track panel dismantling and in-field transportation, bolt hole plugging, sequential transition and withdrawal inspection;
and in the recovery stage, the method mainly comprises the steps of regulating the track downslope at two sides of the section, releasing and locking the line stress, finely adjusting the track, recovering the vehicle and gradually accelerating the speed.
2. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the cutting and separation of the end part of the track bed are performed by cutting the surfaces of the track bed slab at the starting point and the ending point of the ballastless track dismantling range by more than 2cm according to a 'renovation track design drawing', and separating the concrete at the end part from the adjacent unremovably-arranged sections; in the temporary grounding transfer, the grounding steel bars in the ballastless track utilize structural steel bars in the track bed slab, each unit of track bed slab utilizes 3 steel bars with 20mm of the upper layer and a transverse structural steel bar with 16mm as transverse grounding steel bars, the transverse and longitudinal grounding are welded by adopting L-shaped steel bars, and each 100m of the track bed slab forms a grounding unit.
3. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the chiseling of the concrete between the sleepers is performed by a method of 'continuously chiseling the concrete between the sleepers', and is performed by a method of 'cutting and chiseling', and the upper-layer longitudinal and transverse steel bars are cut at the same time; the first skylight point only chisels out the concrete of the track bed plate in the middle of the sleeper without chiseling out the sleeper.
4. The method for rapidly repairing the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the wood sleeper transition comprises the following steps:
(1) assembling a fastener: installing K-type split fasteners before lifting the sleepers, conveying the sleepers to original sleepers in groups, and fixing the sleepers on steel rails by adopting threaded spikes;
(2) marking a sleeper: the position of the sleeper is marked on the side surface of the steel rail by using a marking pen, so that the sleeper is convenient to install and position;
(3) putting on the pillow: arranging the sleepers on the filling layer at a distance of 0.65m along the longitudinal direction of the line, wherein the sleepers are at the same position as the old sleepers, and the specifications of the sleepers are 0.25m wide, 0.30m high and 2.5m long;
(4) limiting: and drilling holes at the two ends of the sleeper in the longitudinal and transverse directions, anchoring a phi 20 steel bar, limiting and fixing the sleeper by adopting square timbers and wood wedges, and compacting and tightly extruding the bottom of the sleeper by adopting steel plates with different thicknesses.
5. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the track slope adjustment comprises loosening fasteners at two ends of a reconstruction section, adjusting a fine adjustment base plate under the track, temporarily not fastening the fasteners after adjustment, then adjusting the track direction, the track gauge and the elevation, and locking the fasteners after adjustment; the rail-direction elevation of the left and right strands of steel rails is adjusted by the rail lifting device, the allowable deviation of the elevation is +/-2 mm, the allowable deviation of the rail direction is not more than 2mm/10m chord length, and the allowable deviation of the gauge is not more than +2mm and-1 mm.
6. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the hole for drilling the steel bars in the reconstruction range is drilled between the sleepers by using the previous skylight, and is prepared for steel bar planting when concrete of a ballast bed is poured, wherein the hole depth of the steel bar planting hole is 250mm, and the hole diameter of the steel bar planting hole is 32 mm.
7. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the extraction of the transition wooden sleeper comprises dismantling a limiting device of the transition wooden sleeper in the construction unit range, and loosening at least 5 pairs of fasteners at two ends of a dismantled and rebuilt section; the sleeper installation follows the transition wooden sleeper extraction operation, when the sleepers are installed, space marks are made on corresponding steel rails, and the sleeper space is controlled to be 600-650 mm.
8. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the simple track bent is installed according to the distance that the distance between the simple track bent is not more than the distance between two sleepers, the track bent is installed according to the sequence that the middle of the unit section is installed firstly and then the two sides of the unit section are installed, and whether the track bent is installed, whether the track bent is located on the same vertical surface, whether the transverse limiting screw is screwed down and whether the PVC sleeve is installed on the vertical rod are detected in the installation process.
9. The method for rapidly maintaining the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein before the concrete is poured, sundries on a pouring surface are cleaned, a storage hopper, a sleeper and a track plate base are wetted by water spraying, and the sleeper and a fastener are covered by a protective cover; each unit structure is cast in situ by using a plurality of drum mixers, the concrete is kept to be cast from a casting port of a sleeper in the middle of the unit structure during casting to form a C-shaped casting groove, one-time casting is in place, the press polish receiving surface is synchronously performed, and the strength of the side concrete reaches the opening strength of the design requirement in advance; when the concrete automatically flows to the next sleeper from the lower part of the sleeper, the concrete is moved to the pouring port of the next sleeper after being compacted by vibration.
10. The method for rapidly repairing the double-block ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the stress relief and locking of the line comprises the steps of rail temperature measurement, stress relief and line locking; the rail temperature measurement is used for carrying out multipoint measurement on different positions of the steel rail and taking an average value as the rail temperature; the stress is diffused at the starting and ending positions of the dismantling section by taking the length of not less than 500m as a unit of the positive line section, when the stress is diffused by adopting a roller method, rollers are arranged every 12-15 m, and a rail collision device is arranged every 300 m; when the stress is diffused, a temporary displacement observation pile is arranged every 100m to observe the displacement of the steel rail, so that obstacles influencing the diffusion are eliminated in time; and simultaneously performing fastener fastening operation within the range of the unit rail sections which have finished the stress relief.
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| CN113622229A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-09 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | A kind of partial reconstruction technology of steel spring floating slab track bed |
| CN114753190A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-15 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Construction method for transforming whole ballast bed of operation line |
| CN115748326A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A rapid replacement method for steel tube concrete pillow ballastless track bed |
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| CN112872708A (en) * | 2021-01-24 | 2021-06-01 | 南京波亚登汽车用品有限公司 | Train rail overhauls and changes device |
| CN113622229A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-09 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | A kind of partial reconstruction technology of steel spring floating slab track bed |
| CN114753190A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-15 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Construction method for transforming whole ballast bed of operation line |
| CN115748326A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A rapid replacement method for steel tube concrete pillow ballastless track bed |
| CN115748326B (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2025-08-01 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Quick replacement method for ballast bed of concrete filled steel tube sleeper type ballastless track |
| CN115748329A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Temporary channel construction method in energy expansion reconstruction of large-scale commercial marshalling station |
| CN117026700A (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-11-10 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | A construction method for reconstruction of CRTSⅠ double-block ballastless track sleepers on existing lines |
| CN117230668A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-12-15 | 中国铁路广州局集团有限公司广州大型养路机械运用检修段 | High-speed rail integrated accurate pillow replacement method |
| CN117230668B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-05-24 | 中国铁路广州局集团有限公司广州大型养路机械运用检修段 | High-speed rail integrated accurate pillow replacement method |
| CN117344588A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-05 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A ballastless track maintenance method during the operation period of the skylight |
| CN118029201A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-05-14 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A construction method for roadbed settlement transformation |
| CN118880679A (en) * | 2024-07-18 | 2024-11-01 | 中铁二十五局集团第一工程有限公司 | A rapid replacement system and method for ballastless track bed of subway operating lines |
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Application publication date: 20201027 |