CN111812897B - Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN111812897B CN111812897B CN202010731579.4A CN202010731579A CN111812897B CN 111812897 B CN111812897 B CN 111812897B CN 202010731579 A CN202010731579 A CN 202010731579A CN 111812897 B CN111812897 B CN 111812897B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid crystal display device, which comprises a display panel and a light modulator, wherein the light modulator is arranged on one side of the display panel, the light modulator comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the third substrate comprises a third substrate, a lower common electrode and a pixel electrode, the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode are arranged in an insulating and interval mode, the lower common electrode is divided into a plurality of sub-lower common electrodes, the pixel electrode is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes, the fourth substrate comprises a fourth substrate and an upper common electrode, and the upper common electrode is arranged on the fourth substrate. In the liquid crystal display device, the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode are divided into a plurality of blocks, or the upper common electrode and the pixel electrode are divided into a plurality of blocks, so that the liquid crystal display device can realize the regional control of the pressure difference between the pixel electrode and the upper common electrode, and realize the regional control of wide and narrow visual angle display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a liquid crystal display device.
Background
The liquid crystal display device has the advantages of good picture quality, small volume, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel display.
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 120 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying the visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the wide viewing angle, the display device is also required to have a function of switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle.
However, the current liquid crystal display device can only realize wide viewing angle or narrow viewing angle of the whole area, and cannot meet the requirement of wide and narrow viewing angle partition display.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of performing wide and narrow display in a divided region.
The embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises a display panel and a light modulator, wherein the light modulator is arranged on one side of the display panel, the light modulator comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the third substrate comprises a third substrate, a lower common electrode and a pixel electrode, the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode are arranged at intervals in an insulating way, the lower common electrode is divided into a plurality of sub-lower common electrodes, the pixel electrode is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes, the fourth substrate comprises a fourth substrate and an upper common electrode, and the upper common electrode is arranged on the fourth substrate; the third substrate further includes a conductive layer including a plurality of conductive lines, each of the sub-lower common electrodes is electrically connected to one of the conductive lines, and each of the sub-pixel electrodes is also electrically connected to the conductive layer.
In an embodiment, the fourth substrate further includes a third insulating layer, the third insulating layer is disposed on a side of the upper common electrode away from the fourth substrate, and the third insulating layer is further disposed on a side of the fourth substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer; or, the third substrate further includes a third insulating layer disposed on a side of the pixel electrode facing the second liquid crystal layer.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device comprises a wide viewing angle display mode, a narrow viewing angle display mode and a divisional dimming mode, wherein in the wide viewing angle display mode, a voltage difference between the pixel electrode and the upper common electrode is smaller than a first preset value; in the narrow viewing angle display mode, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode and the upper common electrode is greater than the first preset value; in the divisional dimming mode, a voltage difference between the pixel electrode and the lower common electrode is greater than a second preset value.
In one embodiment, each of the sub-lower common electrodes is connected to a first connection line, each of the sub-pixel electrodes of the pixel electrode is connected to a second connection line, and each of the sub-lower common electrodes is disposed corresponding to two or more of the sub-pixel electrodes; or, each of the sub-lower common electrodes is connected to a first connection line, each of the sub-pixel electrodes of the pixel electrode is connected to a second connection line, and each of the sub-lower common electrodes is disposed corresponding to one of the sub-pixel electrodes.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a control circuit electrically connected to the first connection line and the second connection line, so as to apply corresponding voltage signals to the pixel electrode and the lower common electrode through the control circuit.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a control device, where the control device is configured to obtain brightness of each region of the display panel, determine a corresponding voltage according to the brightness in the divisional dimming mode, and send a corresponding voltage control signal to the control circuit to control voltages of the pixel electrode, the upper common electrode, and the lower common electrode of the dimmer.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a touch device disposed on a side of the fourth substrate away from the upper common electrode; the control device is also connected to the touch control assembly and the control circuit, when a certain area of the touch control assembly is touched, the control device processes the touched position information, sends a corresponding voltage control signal to the control circuit and controls the voltage of the pixel electrode, the upper common electrode and the lower common electrode of the dimmer.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a third polarizer, the first polarizer is located on a side of the display panel away from the light modulator, the second polarizer is located between the display panel and the light modulator, the third polarizer is located on a side of the light modulator away from the display panel, a polarization direction of the third polarizer is parallel to a polarization direction of the second polarizer, and the first polarizer is perpendicular to polarization directions of the third polarizer and the second polarizer.
The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises a display panel and a light modulator, wherein the light modulator is arranged on one side of the display panel, the light modulator comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the third substrate comprises a third substrate and a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes, the fourth substrate comprises a fourth substrate and an upper common electrode, the upper common electrode is arranged on the fourth substrate, the upper common electrode is divided into a plurality of sub-upper common electrodes, and the plurality of sub-upper common electrodes and the plurality of sub-pixel electrodes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the third substrate further comprises a conductive layer, the conductive layer comprises a plurality of conductive lines, and each sub-pixel electrode is electrically connected to one of the conductive lines.
In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a third polarizer, the first polarizer is located on a side of the display panel away from the light modulator, the second polarizer is located between the display panel and the light modulator, the third polarizer is located on a side of the light modulator away from the display panel, a polarization direction of the third polarizer is parallel to a polarization direction of the second polarizer, and the first polarizer is perpendicular to polarization directions of the third polarizer and the second polarizer.
In the liquid crystal display device, the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode are divided into a plurality of blocks, or the upper common electrode and the pixel electrode are divided into a plurality of blocks, so that the liquid crystal display device can realize the regional control of the pressure difference between the pixel electrode and the upper common electrode, and realize the regional control of wide and narrow visual angle display.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a third substrate of the light modulator of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is another circuit diagram of the third substrate of the light modulator of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a voltage waveform diagram of a pixel electrode and a lower common electrode of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a wide viewing angle mode.
Fig. 5 is a voltage waveform diagram of a pixel electrode and a lower common electrode of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a narrow viewing angle mode.
Fig. 6 is a voltage waveform diagram of a pixel electrode and a lower common electrode of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a divisional dimming mode.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the pixel electrode voltage versus the transmittance of the lcd device shown in fig. 1 in the divisional dimming mode.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of transmittance distribution of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a narrow viewing angle mode.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of transmittance distribution of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a wide viewing angle mode.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing transmittance comparison of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a wide and narrow viewing angle mode.
Fig. 11a to 11g are diagrams illustrating display effects of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 under different modes and at different angles.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a pixel electrode of a dimmer of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 13.
Fig. 15 is another schematic structural diagram of a pixel electrode of a dimmer of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 13.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1, the lcd device of the first embodiment includes a display panel 10 and a light modulator 30, wherein the light modulator 30 is disposed on one side of the display panel 10. In the present embodiment, the light modulator 30 is disposed outside the display panel 10.
In this embodiment, the display panel 10 is a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) including a first substrate 102, a second substrate 104, and a first liquid crystal layer 106 disposed between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104. It will be appreciated that the display panel 10 may also be other types of display panels, such as an OLED (light emitting diode display panel). Specifically, the first substrate 102 may be an array substrate, and the second substrate 104 may be a color filter substrate. More specifically, the first substrate 102 is divided into a plurality of pixel regions by data lines and scanning lines, the first substrate 102 includes a first substrate, thin film transistors, pixel electrodes and a common electrode, the thin film transistors arranged in an array are disposed on the first substrate, each pixel region is provided with one thin film transistor, the pixel electrodes and the common electrode are arranged at intervals in an insulating manner, the pixel electrodes are comb-shaped, and each pixel electrode is electrically connected to a drain electrode of one thin film transistor. The second substrate 104 includes a color resistance layer including a plurality of color resistances, and a light shielding layer is disposed between adjacent color resistances.
In the present embodiment, the dimmer 30 includes a third substrate 302, a fourth substrate 304, and a second liquid crystal layer 306 disposed between the third substrate 302 and the fourth substrate 304. In the embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 306 is a positive liquid crystal, the alignment direction of the alignment film (not shown) on the third substrate 302 and the alignment direction of the alignment film (not shown) on the fourth substrate 304 are anti-parallel, the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 close to the third substrate 302 and the light-receiving direction of the liquid crystal display device for realizing the narrow viewing angle is 90 °, and the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 close to the fourth substrate 304 and the light-receiving direction of the liquid crystal display device for realizing the narrow viewing angle is also 90 °. It should be noted that the alignment film of the third substrate 302, the alignment film of the fourth substrate 304, and the plane of the light receiving direction when the liquid crystal display device realizes the narrow viewing angle are parallel to each other. That is, when the liquid crystal display device realizes the right and left narrow viewing angle display, if the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the third substrate 302 is vertically upward, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the fourth substrate 304 is vertically downward. When the liquid crystal display device can realize the up-down wide and narrow viewing angle display, if the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the third substrate 302 is leftward, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the fourth substrate 304 is rightward.
In this embodiment, the third substrate 302 includes a third substrate 308, a conductive layer 310, a lower common electrode 312, and a pixel electrode 314, and the lower common electrode 312 and the pixel electrode 314 are disposed at an insulating interval. The lower common electrode 312 is divided into a plurality of sub-lower common electrodes, the conductive layer 310 includes a plurality of conductive lines, each sub-lower common electrode is electrically connected to one conductive line, and the pixel electrode 314 is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes. Specifically, a conductive layer 310 is provided over the third substrate 308, and a lower common electrode 312 and a pixel electrode 314 are sequentially provided over the conductive layer 310. The third substrate 302 may further include a first insulating layer 316 and a second insulating layer 318, the first insulating layer 316 being disposed between the conductive layer 310 and the lower common electrode 312, and the second insulating layer 318 being disposed between the lower common electrode 312 and the pixel electrode 314. Specifically, the pixel electrode 314 may have a comb shape. More specifically, the first insulating layer 316 has a through via (not shown) for electrically connecting the sub-lower common electrode and the conductive line, and the second insulating layer 318 also has a through via (not shown) for electrically connecting the sub-pixel electrode and the conductive line. Specifically, each sub-lower common electrode 312 and each pixel electrode 314 realize electrical signal control through independent conductive lines. The pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 are led to the conductive layer 310 to be electrically connected, so that the impedance of the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 can be reduced, and thus, the voltage can be quickly and effectively switched and the distortion of signal transmission can be avoided. Specifically, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 preferably makes an angle of 7 ° with the clockwise extending direction of the pixel electrode 314.
In this embodiment, the fourth substrate 304 includes a fourth substrate 320 and an upper common electrode 322, and the upper common electrode 322 is disposed on the fourth substrate 320. The upper common electrode 322 may be a monolithic electrode. The fourth substrate 304 may further include a third insulating layer 324, the third insulating layer 324 is disposed on a side of the upper common electrode 322 far from the fourth substrate 320, and the third insulating layer 324 is further disposed on a side of the fourth substrate 304 near the second liquid crystal layer 306. The thickness of the third insulating layer 324 is preferably 1.5um to 2.5um, and the third insulating layer 324 may be made of a transparent insulating material. In another embodiment, the third insulating layer 324 may also be disposed on a side of the pixel electrode 314 facing the second liquid crystal layer 306, and the third insulating layer 324 may also be a PV layer. The third insulating layer 324 may be provided between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 to insulate them.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a first polarizer 52, a second polarizer 54, and a third polarizer 56, where the first polarizer 52 is located on a side of the display panel 10 away from the light modulator 30, the second polarizer 54 is located between the display panel 10 and the light modulator 30, and the third polarizer 56 is located on a side of the light modulator 30 away from the display panel 10. The polarization direction of the third polarizer 56 is parallel to the polarization direction of the second polarizer 54, and the first polarizer 52 is perpendicular to the polarization directions of the third polarizer 56 and the second polarizer 54.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a third substrate of the light modulator of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, each sub-lower common electrode is connected to a first connection line 330, and each sub-pixel electrode of the pixel electrode 314 is connected to a second connection line 332, so as to electrically connect the sub-lower common electrode and the pixel electrode 314 with an external circuit, so as to apply a required voltage to the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode 314. In this embodiment, each sub-lower common electrode is provided corresponding to two or more sub-pixel electrodes.
Fig. 3 is another circuit diagram of the third substrate of the light modulator of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, each sub-lower common electrode is connected to a first connection line 330, and each sub-pixel electrode of the pixel electrode 314 is connected to a second connection line 332, so as to electrically connect the sub-lower common electrode and the pixel electrode 314 with an external circuit, so as to apply a required voltage to the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode 314. In this embodiment, each sub-lower common electrode is disposed corresponding to one sub-pixel electrode.
In this embodiment, the lcd device may further include a control circuit (not shown) electrically connected to the first connection line 330 and the second connection line 332 for applying corresponding voltage signals to the pixel electrode and the lower common electrode through the control circuit.
The liquid crystal display device may further include a control device for acquiring brightness of each region of the display panel, determining a corresponding voltage according to the brightness in the divisional dimming mode, and sending a corresponding voltage control signal to the control circuit to control the voltage of each electrode of the dimmer 30.
In the present liquid crystal display device, when a wide viewing angle display mode needs to be implemented, a voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is 0, and a voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is smaller than a first preset value, preferably, the first preset value is 2V to 4V, at this time, liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 deflect in a part of time intervals within one cycle, and do not deflect in a part of time intervals, thereby implementing wide viewing angle display. It should be noted that, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 306 are deflected in a part of the period of time in one cycle, so that the state of the liquid crystal molecules can be active to prepare for the deflection in the next period of time, but the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules is very slight and does not affect the display of the wide viewing angle image of the liquid crystal display device. When a narrow viewing angle display mode needs to be realized, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is 0 (no electric field exists in the horizontal direction), the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is greater than a first preset value (an electric field exists in the vertical direction), liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 deflect under the action of the vertical electric field, and therefore light receiving at a large viewing angle is realized, and narrow viewing angle display is realized. When the divisional dimming is required, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is greater than a second preset value (the second preset value may be 0V), and the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 are deflected under the action of the horizontal electric field, so as to realize the dimming of the area. It is to be noted here that, since the distance between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is smaller than the distance between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322, when the pixel electrode 314 is applied with a voltage, the upper common electrode 322 is not applied with a voltage and an electric field existing between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is smaller than an electric field existing between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 without considering other factors such as material characteristics of liquid crystal molecules, liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 are deflected by a horizontal electric field.
In one embodiment, fig. 4 is a voltage waveform diagram of a pixel electrode and a lower common electrode of the lcd device shown in fig. 1 in a wide viewing angle mode; fig. 5 is a voltage waveform diagram of a pixel electrode and a lower common electrode in a narrow viewing angle mode of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1; fig. 6 is a voltage waveform diagram of a pixel electrode and a lower common electrode of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 1 in a divisional dimming mode. Referring to fig. 3, when a wide viewing angle display mode needs to be implemented, a voltage with the same waveform is applied to the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312, where the waveform is a pulse rectangular wave, the voltage applied within 2t1 is U1, the amplitude of U1 may be 2V to 4V, and the voltage applied at the rest of time within one period 2t is 0V, where t1 is 1/3t-1/2t, and 1/t is 60Hz to 200Hz, and a voltage of 0V is applied to the upper common electrode 322, so that a voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is small, and liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 306 are not deflected. Referring to fig. 4, when a narrow viewing angle display mode is required, an ac voltage having the same waveform is applied to the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312, the voltage applied in one period 2t is a rectangular wave having an amplitude of 2V to 4V, and a voltage of 0V is applied to the upper common electrode 322, so that the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is greater than a first predetermined value, and liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 306 are deflected. Referring to fig. 5, when the divisional Dimming is required, an ac voltage having a trapezoidal waveform is applied to each of the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312, the amplitude of the voltage of the pixel electrode 314 is 2V-8.8V, the amplitude of the voltage of the lower common electrode 312 is about 2V, and the amplitude of the voltage of the pixel electrode 314 is adjusted according to the brightness of the corresponding area of the display panel 10, the amplitude of the voltage of the pixel electrode 314 is smaller when the brightness of a certain area of the display panel 10 is brighter, and the amplitude of the voltage of the pixel electrode 314 is larger when the brightness of a certain area of the display panel 10 is darker, a voltage of 0V is applied to the upper common electrode 322, so that the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is greater than a second predetermined value, the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 are deflected by the horizontal electric field, and the voltage difference varies according to the brightness of the corresponding area of the display panel 10, thereby realizing the Dimming of the area (i.e., local Dimming). In the process of dimming, as shown in fig. 7, when the amplitude of the voltage of the pixel electrode 314 is smaller, the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device is higher, and the brightness is brighter, and when the amplitude of the voltage of the pixel electrode 314 is larger, the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device is lower, and the brightness is darker, so that by controlling the voltage, the bright area of the display panel 10 is brighter, the dark area is darker, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display device is improved. When the wide and narrow viewing angle display mode of a certain local area needs to be switched, voltages corresponding to the wide and narrow viewing angle display mode are applied to the pixel electrode 314, the lower common electrode 312 and the upper common electrode 322 corresponding to the local area.
In the liquid crystal display device, the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode are divided into a plurality of blocks, so that the liquid crystal display device can realize the regional control of the pressure difference between the pixel electrode and the upper common electrode and the regional control of wide and narrow visual angle display; in addition, the differential pressure between the lower common electrode and the pixel electrode can also realize the regional control, thereby realizing the regional Dimming (namely the local Dimming), improving the contrast of the liquid crystal display device and improving the display effect of the liquid crystal display device.
Fig. 8 to 9 are schematic diagrams of transmittance distributions of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment at a narrow viewing angle and a wide viewing angle, respectively; fig. 10 is a graph showing transmittance comparison in wide and narrow viewing angles.
Fig. 11a to 11g are simulation comparison diagrams of display effects of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment in different modes. FIG. 11a is a front view comparing diagram of the display effect under the Local Dimming mode and the narrow viewing angle mode (the upper part is the effect diagram under the Local Dimming mode, and the lower part is the effect diagram under the narrow viewing angle mode), FIG. 11b is a side view comparing diagram of the display effect under the Local Dimming mode and the narrow viewing angle mode (the upper part is the effect diagram under the Local Dimming mode, and the lower part is the effect diagram under the narrow viewing angle mode), FIG. 11c is a front view comparing diagram of the display effect under the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode (the upper part is the effect diagram under the wide viewing angle mode, and the lower part is the effect diagram under the narrow viewing angle mode), fig. 11d is a side view display effect contrast diagram in the wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle modes (the upper side is an effect diagram in the wide viewing angle mode, and the lower side is an effect diagram in the narrow viewing angle mode), fig. 11e is a front view display effect contrast diagram of the pixel electrode 0V in the Local Dimming mode and narrow viewing angle mode (the upper side is an effect diagram in the Local Dimming mode, and the lower side is an effect diagram in the narrow viewing angle mode), fig. 11f is a front view display effect diagram of the pixel electrode 6.8V in the Local Dimming mode, and fig. 11g is a side view-45 ° display effect contrast diagram in the Local Dimming mode and narrow viewing angle mode (the upper side is an effect diagram in the Local Dimming mode, and the lower side is an effect diagram in the narrow viewing angle mode).
Second embodiment
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 12, a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, except that in this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a touch device 70, and the touch device 70 may be disposed on a side of the fourth substrate 320 away from the upper common electrode 322.
Specifically, the touch assembly 70 includes a touch electrode including a plurality of driving electrodes (TX) distributed in a transverse direction and a plurality of receiving electrodes (RX) distributed in a longitudinal direction. The touch electrode may be made of Mo (molybdenum), al (aluminum), IZO (indium zinc oxide), ITO (indium tin oxide), or the like.
The corresponding area of the liquid crystal display device can be freely selected through the touch component 70, and the display mode of the corresponding area can be freely switched.
The control device is further connected to the touch control assembly 70 and the control circuit, and when a certain area of the touch control assembly 70 is touched, the control device processes the touched position information, and sends a corresponding voltage control signal to the control circuit, so as to control the voltage of each electrode of the light modulator 30, and realize the free switching of the display mode.
In this embodiment, the method for controlling the display mode by using the voltage control of each electrode is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is not described herein again.
Third embodiment
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 13, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment includes a display panel 10 and a light modulator 30, wherein the light modulator 30 is disposed on one side of the display panel 10. In the present embodiment, the light modulator 30 is disposed outside the display panel 10.
In this embodiment, the display panel 10 is a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, and the structure of the LCD panel 10 is the same as that of the display panel 10 of the first embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
In the present embodiment, the dimmer 30 includes a third substrate 302, a fourth substrate 304, and a second liquid crystal layer 306 disposed between the third substrate 302 and the fourth substrate 304. In this embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 306 is a positive liquid crystal, an alignment direction of an alignment film (not shown) on the third substrate 302 and an alignment direction of an alignment film (not shown) on the fourth substrate 304 are antiparallel to each other, an angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 close to the third substrate 302 and a light receiving direction of the liquid crystal display device for realizing a narrow viewing angle is 90 °, and an angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 close to the fourth substrate 304 and the light receiving direction of the liquid crystal display device for realizing a narrow viewing angle is 90 °. It should be noted that the alignment film of the third substrate 302, the alignment film of the fourth substrate 304, and the plane of the light receiving direction when the liquid crystal display device realizes the narrow viewing angle are parallel to each other. That is, when the liquid crystal display device realizes the right and left narrow viewing angle display, if the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the third substrate 302 is vertically upward, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the fourth substrate 304 is vertically downward. When the liquid crystal display device can realize the up-down wide and narrow viewing angle display, if the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the third substrate 302 is leftward, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 near the fourth substrate 304 is rightward.
In this embodiment, the third substrate 302 includes a third substrate 308, a conductive layer 310, and a pixel electrode 314. The pixel electrode 314 is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes, and the conductive layer 310 includes a plurality of conductive lines, and each sub-pixel electrode is electrically connected to one conductive line. Specifically, the conductive layer 310 is disposed on the third substrate 308, and the pixel electrode 314 is disposed over the conductive layer 310. The third substrate 302 may further include a first insulating layer 316, and the first insulating layer 316 is disposed between the conductive layer 310 and the pixel electrode 314. Specifically, the first insulating layer 316 has a through via (not shown) for electrically connecting the sub-pixel electrode and the conductive line. By guiding the pixel electrode 314 to the conductive layer 310 to realize electrical connection, the impedance of the pixel electrode 314 can be reduced, thereby achieving fast and effective voltage switching and avoiding signal transmission distortion. Specifically, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 preferably makes an angle of 7 ° with the extending direction of the pixel electrode 314.
In this embodiment, the fourth substrate 304 includes a fourth substrate 320 and an upper common electrode 322, and the upper common electrode 322 is disposed on the fourth substrate 320. The upper common electrode 322 is divided into a plurality of sub upper common electrodes, and the plurality of sub upper common electrodes and the plurality of sub pixel electrodes are disposed in one-to-one correspondence. The fourth base plate 304 may further include a third insulating layer 324, the third insulating layer 324 is disposed on a side of the upper common electrode 322 away from the fourth substrate 320, and the third insulating layer 324 is further disposed on a side of the fourth base plate 304 close to the second liquid crystal layer 306. The thickness of the third insulating layer 324 is preferably 1.5um to 2.5um, and the third insulating layer 324 may be made of a transparent insulating material. In another embodiment, the third insulating layer 324 may also be disposed on a side of the pixel electrode 314 facing the second liquid crystal layer 306, and the third insulating layer 324 may also be a PV layer. The third insulating layer 324 may be provided between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 to be insulated.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes a first polarizer 52, a second polarizer 54, and a third polarizer 56, where the first polarizer 52 is located on a side of the display panel 10 away from the light modulator 30, the second polarizer 54 is located between the display panel 10 and the light modulator 30, and the third polarizer 56 is located on a side of the light modulator 30 away from the display panel 10. The polarization direction of the third polarizer 56 is parallel to the polarization direction of the second polarizer 54, and the first polarizer 52 is perpendicular to the polarization directions of the third polarizer 56 and the second polarizer 54.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a pixel electrode of a dimmer of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 13. Referring to fig. 13, the pixel electrode 314 is divided into 6 sub-pixel electrodes, and each sub-pixel electrode is connected to a third connection line 334, so as to electrically connect the pixel electrode 314 with an external circuit. Of course, the pixel electrode 314 may be divided into any number of sub-pixel electrodes.
Fig. 15 is another schematic structural diagram of a pixel electrode of a dimmer of the liquid crystal display device shown in fig. 13. Referring to fig. 15, the pixel electrode 314 is divided into 15 sub-pixel electrodes, and one or two or more sub-pixel electrodes are connected to a third connection line 334 to electrically connect the pixel electrode 314 with an external circuit.
In the liquid crystal display device, when a wide viewing angle display mode needs to be realized, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is 0, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is 0 or is smaller, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is smaller than a first preset value, preferably, the first preset value is 2V to 4V, and at the time, liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 306 deflect in a part of time period in one cycle, and do not deflect in a part of time period, so that wide viewing angle display is realized. It should be noted that, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 306 are deflected in a part of the period of time in one cycle, so that the state of the liquid crystal molecules can be active to prepare for the deflection in the next period of time, but the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules is very slight and does not affect the display of the wide viewing angle image of the liquid crystal display device. When a narrow viewing angle display mode needs to be realized, the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the lower common electrode 312 is 0 (no electric field exists in the horizontal direction), the voltage difference between the pixel electrode 314 and the upper common electrode 322 is greater than a first preset value (an electric field exists in the vertical direction), liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer 306 deflect under the action of the vertical electric field, and therefore light receiving at a large viewing angle is realized, and narrow viewing angle display is realized.
In the liquid crystal display device, the upper common electrode and the pixel electrode are divided into a plurality of blocks, so that the liquid crystal display device can realize the regional control of the pressure difference between the pixel electrode and the upper common electrode and the regional control of wide and narrow visual angle display.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A liquid crystal display device, comprising a display panel (10) and a light modulator (30), wherein the light modulator (30) is disposed on one side of the display panel (10), the light modulator (30) comprises a third substrate (302), a fourth substrate (304) and a second liquid crystal layer (306) disposed between the third substrate (302) and the fourth substrate (304), the third substrate (302) comprises a third substrate (308), a lower common electrode (312) and a pixel electrode (314), the lower common electrode (312) and the pixel electrode (314) are disposed in an insulating and spaced manner, the lower common electrode (312) is divided into a plurality of sub-common electrodes, the pixel electrode (314) is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes, the fourth substrate (304) comprises a fourth substrate (320) and an upper common electrode (322), and the upper common electrode (322) is disposed on the fourth substrate (320); the third substrate (302) further comprises a conductive layer (310), the conductive layer (310) comprises a plurality of conductive lines, each sub-lower common electrode is electrically connected to one of the conductive lines, each sub-pixel electrode is also electrically connected to the conductive layer (310), the liquid crystal display device comprises a wide viewing angle display mode, a narrow viewing angle display mode and a divisional dimming mode, and in the wide viewing angle display mode, a voltage difference between the pixel electrode (314) and the upper common electrode (322) is smaller than a first preset value; in the narrow viewing angle display mode, a voltage difference between the pixel electrode (314) and the upper common electrode (322) is greater than the first preset value; in the divisional dimming mode, a voltage difference between the pixel electrode (314) and the lower common electrode (312) is greater than a second preset value.
2. The lcd apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fourth substrate (304) further comprises a third insulating layer (324), the third insulating layer (324) is disposed on a side of the upper common electrode (322) away from the fourth substrate (320), the third insulating layer (324) is further disposed on a side of the fourth substrate (304) close to the second liquid crystal layer (306); alternatively, the third substrate (302) further includes a third insulating layer (324), and the third insulating layer (324) is disposed on a side of the pixel electrode (314) facing the second liquid crystal layer (306).
3. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein each of the sub-lower common electrodes is connected to a first connection line (330), each of the sub-pixel electrodes of the pixel electrodes (314) is connected to a second connection line (332), and each of the sub-lower common electrodes is disposed corresponding to two or more of the sub-pixel electrodes; alternatively, each of the sub-lower common electrodes is connected to a first connection line (330), each of the sub-pixel electrodes of the pixel electrodes (314) is connected to a second connection line (332), and each of the sub-lower common electrodes is disposed corresponding to one of the sub-pixel electrodes.
4. The LCD device of claim 3, further comprising a control circuit electrically connected to the first connection line (330) and the second connection line (332) for applying corresponding voltage signals to the pixel electrode and the lower common electrode via the control circuit.
5. The LCD device as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a control device for obtaining the brightness of each region of the display panel, determining a corresponding voltage according to the brightness in the divisional dimming mode, and sending a corresponding voltage control signal to the control circuit to control the voltages of the pixel electrode (314), the upper common electrode (322) and the lower common electrode (312) of the dimmer (30).
6. The LCD device of claim 5, further comprising a touch device (70), wherein the touch device (70) is disposed on a side of the fourth substrate (320) away from the upper common electrode (322); the control device is further connected to the touch control component (70) and the control circuit, when a certain area of the touch control component (70) is touched, the control device processes the touched position information and sends a corresponding voltage control signal to the control circuit so as to control the voltages of the pixel electrode (314), the upper common electrode (322) and the lower common electrode (312) of the dimmer (30).
7. The lcd device of claim 1, further comprising a first polarizer (52), a second polarizer (54), and a third polarizer (56), wherein the first polarizer (52) is located on a side of the display panel (10) away from the light modulator (30), the second polarizer (54) is located between the display panel (10) and the light modulator (30), the third polarizer (56) is located on a side of the light modulator (30) away from the display panel (10), a polarization direction of the third polarizer (56) is parallel to a polarization direction of the second polarizer (54), and the first polarizer (52) is perpendicular to polarization directions of the third polarizer (56) and the second polarizer (54).
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| CN112965289A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-15 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | Display module, dimming method thereof and display device |
| CN115248511B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2024-04-12 | 瀚宇彩晶股份有限公司 | Display device |
| CN119596578A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2025-03-11 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display module, driving method thereof, display device and vehicle |
| EP4160302B1 (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2025-07-02 | Shanghai Tianma Micro-Electronics Co., Ltd. | Display module, method for driving the same, display apparatus, and vehicle |
| CN114203061A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-18 | 北京奕斯伟计算技术有限公司 | Display panel, driving method thereof and display device |
| CN116679472A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-01 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel with switchable partitioned wide and narrow viewing angles, display device and driving method |
| CN117075380A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-11-17 | 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles |
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| CN106444104B (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2019-04-05 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | The changeable liquid crystal display device in visual angle |
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