CN111817514A - Manufacturing process of motor rotor - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of motor rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111817514A CN111817514A CN202010736600.XA CN202010736600A CN111817514A CN 111817514 A CN111817514 A CN 111817514A CN 202010736600 A CN202010736600 A CN 202010736600A CN 111817514 A CN111817514 A CN 111817514A
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- rotor
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- shell
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/03—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
- B05D3/0281—After-treatment with induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/19—Iron or steel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a motor rotor manufacturing process, which relates to the field of motor rotor production and comprises the following steps of; firstly, blanking, namely blanking by adopting a numerical control band sawing machine, wherein the verticality is less than or equal to 0.54; secondly, annealing, wherein a well-type vacuum annealing furnace is adopted for vacuumizing and is filled with nitrogen for protection annealing, the single side of oxidation and decarburization after annealing is less than or equal to 0.13, and the hardness of the material after annealing is HB 112-121; the third step, a 20CrMnTi spheroidizing annealing process: putting the blanks into an annealing furnace after being loaded with baskets, covering a furnace cover, firstly heating the furnace to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2H, then heating to 780 ℃, preserving heat for 10.5H, slowly cooling to 680 ℃, preserving heat for 7H, then closing a power supply furnace, cooling to 270 ℃, discharging at 300 ℃, and then lubricating, wherein the lubricating process is as follows: chemical oil removal, namely 60-100 g/L NaOH, 360-80g/L Na2CO, 425-80g/L Na3PO and 310-15g/L Na2SiO, wherein the treatment temperature is more than or equal to 85 ℃, and the treatment time is 15-25 min; the motor rotor manufacturing process has the advantages of strong practicability, simple preparation and good development prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor rotor manufacturing, in particular to a motor rotor manufacturing process.
Background
The motor rotor is a part rotating in the motor, and is also a rotating part in the motor, the motor consists of a rotor and a stator, and is a conversion device for realizing electric energy and mechanical energy and electric energy, the motor rotor is divided into a motor rotor and a generator rotor, and the motor rotor is divided into an inner rotor rotation mode and an outer rotor rotation mode. The inner rotor rotation mode is that the core body in the middle of the motor is a rotating body, and the output torque (referring to a motor) or the input energy (referring to a generator) is adopted, the outer rotor rotation mode is that the outer body of the motor is adopted as the rotating body, the application of various occasions is facilitated in different modes, and the rotor of the brushless direct current motor is formed by embedding permanent magnets with certain pole pairs on the surface of an iron core or embedding the permanent magnets into the iron core. The permanent magnet is mainly made of rare earth permanent magnet materials with high coercive force and high permeability magnetic induction density, such as neodymium iron boron. The action of the permanent magnetic steel of the rotor is similar to that of the permanent magnetic steel used by the brush motor, and an enough magnetic field is established in the air gap of the motor. The rotor structure of the brushless dc motor mostly adopts a surface-bonded magnetic pole, also called a tile-shaped magnetic pole. The surface-adhered magnetic pole is that tile-shaped rare earth permanent magnets magnetized in the radial direction are adhered to the outer surface of an iron core, and the square-wave air gap magnetic flux density can be obtained through reasonable design. The traditional processing method has the defects of low efficiency, overlarge energy consumption, overlarge equipment investment, unstable product quality and the like. The rotor is a transmission mechanism, has high strength requirement on the epicycloid, has extremely high requirement on the metallographic phase of a product (the grain size grade is more than 6), and is difficult to realize by the traditional manufacturing method.
The present invention provides a process for manufacturing a rotor of an electric machine as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps: 1. manually taking out the shell, putting the shell into a workbench and arranging the shell neatly, 2, manually holding the shell with one hand, putting the brush into a container containing glue with the other hand and dipping the brush with the glue with the other hand into the container containing the glue with the other hand and then coating the glue on the inner wall of the shell, 3, manually putting the magnetic shoe into the magnetic shoe positioning tool firstly, then putting the tool into the shell coated with the glue before, 4, putting the shell with the magnetic shoe prepared in the previous process into a 150 ℃ oven for heating and curing for 45 +/-5 minutes, taking out the shell and naturally cooling for 15-20 minutes, knocking the magnetic shoe positioning tool with a small hammer, and taking out the shell after the tool loosens.
The problems that manual gluing is adopted, the position and uniformity of gluing are not well controlled, dynamic balance of a rotor is affected, hair falls easily after the brush is glued, cleaning is not good, cost is increased due to frequent replacement of the brush, heating and curing time is long, mass production is not facilitated, and electric energy is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a motor rotor manufacturing process, which aims to solve the problems that manual gluing is provided in the background art, the position and uniformity of gluing are not well controlled, the dynamic balance of a rotor is influenced, hair easily falls off and is not easy to clean due to long gluing time of a brush, the cost is increased due to frequent replacement of the brush, the heating and curing time is long, the mass production is not facilitated, and the electric energy is wasted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a motor rotor manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
the first step, blanking, adopting a numerical control band sawing machine to blank, wherein the verticality is less than or equal to 0.54.
And secondly, annealing, wherein a well type vacuum annealing furnace is adopted for vacuumizing and is filled with nitrogen for protection annealing, the oxidation and decarburization single side after annealing is less than or equal to 0.13, and the hardness of the material after annealing is HB 112-121.
The third step, a 20CrMnTi spheroidizing annealing process: putting the blanks into an annealing furnace after being loaded with baskets, covering a furnace cover, firstly heating the furnace to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2H, then heating to 780 ℃, preserving heat for 10.5H, slowly cooling to 680 ℃, preserving heat for 7H, then closing a power supply furnace, cooling to 270 ℃, discharging at 300 ℃, and then lubricating, wherein the lubricating process is as follows: chemical oil removal, namely 60-100 g/L of NaOH, 360-80g/L of Na2CO, 425-80g/L of Na3PO and 310-15g/L of Na2SiO, wherein the treatment temperature is more than or equal to 85 ℃, and the treatment time is 15-25 min. Washing with flowing clear water. Acid washing with H2SO4120-180g/L, NaCl8-10g/L, treating at 65-75 deg.C for 5-10 min. The flowing cleaning water is used for preventing the pickling solution adsorbed on the surface of the blank from being brought into the next phosphating solution to influence the phosphating effect. Hot water washing, preheating before phosphorization. Phosphating treatment, the formula is as follows: ZnO9g/L, H3PO423mg/L and H2O1L, the total acidity of the formula is 16-20 points, the free acidity is 2.5-4.5 points, the temperature is 85-90 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-40 min.
And fourthly, manufacturing the rotor core, punching the shaft hole and the plurality of guide bar holes on the silicon steel plate by using a punching die to form punched silicon steel sheets, and superposing the punched silicon steel sheets to manufacture the rotor core.
And fifthly, manufacturing an end ring, namely manufacturing the end ring by using a pure copper powder metallurgy process, reserving a through groove corresponding to the guide strip hole on the end ring, and arranging a draft angle of 3.5-4.5 degrees on the inner side wall around the through groove.
And sixthly, manufacturing the conducting bar, and manufacturing the conducting bar by utilizing a cold drawing process.
And seventhly, manually taking out the shell and putting the shell on a workbench to be arranged in order.
And eighthly, gluing the inner side wall of the shell by a gluing machine, and enabling the gluing thickness to be uniform.
And ninthly, manually placing the magnetic shoe into the magnetic shoe positioning tool, and then placing the tool into the machine shell coated with the glue.
Tenth step, heating and curing: the medium-frequency heating induction temperature is 150-204 ℃, the continuous heating time is 36 seconds, the heating voltage is 380V, and the heating power is 13.5 KW.
Step ten, air cooling: and (4) 1000 revolutions per minute of a 40W axial flow fan, and blowing, cooling and heating the solidified rotor for 1-3 minutes at a position 30CM away from the rotor.
Step ten, magnetizing: and putting the rotor into a magnetizing tool fixture, wherein the magnetizing voltage is 1000-1200V, and the current is 5.5 +/-0.2A.
Step thirteen, detection: and detecting the magnetism of the rotor after magnetizing to be more than or equal to 100mWb, detecting the height of the magnetic shoe at the position after the magnetic shoe is solidified to be 2.1 +/-0.5 mm, and detecting the pull-out force of the magnetic shoe to be more than or equal to 300 KG.
Fourteenth, pressing a bearing: and pressing the bearing and the bearing gland into a bearing chamber of the rotor shell, wherein the pressure is 50KG and the air pressure is 0.5 +/-0.1 Pa.
And fifthly, putting the shell with the magnetic shoes solidified into a bearing pressing-in tool, and installing the bearing, the bearing bush and the bearing pressure spring in the shell in sequence to obtain the complete motor rotor.
Preferably, the heating speed in the third step is less than 150 ℃/h, and the cooling speed is less than 50 ℃/h.
Preferably, the middle part of the rotor core is provided with a shaft hole, and a plurality of guide bar holes are arranged around the shaft hole in a surrounding manner; the central hole of the middle part of the end ring corresponds to the shaft hole; the end ring is further provided with a plurality of through grooves, the through grooves correspond to the guide bar holes one by one, and the inner side wall around the through grooves is provided with a drawing slope of 3-4 degrees; the conducting bars are inserted into the corresponding conducting bar holes, and the two ends of the conducting bars penetrate out of the end rings through the through grooves.
Preferably, the surfaces of the end rings and the guide bars are provided with zinc plating layers.
Preferably, the conductive bars are made of metallic copper.
Preferably, the smaller side of the semi-circular arc radius of the conducting bar is arranged towards the shaft hole of the rotor core, and the larger side of the semi-circular arc radius of the conducting bar is arranged towards the edge of the rotor core.
Preferably, each conducting bar hole in the rotor core is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bulging direction of the arc-shaped structure faces to the axis of the rotor core.
Preferably, in the tenth step, the saponification liquid is melted, the billet is immersed in the saponification liquid, then pulled up for air cooling, and then immersed in and pulled up again, and the above steps are repeated for 3-4 times and then air cooling is performed.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: the invention provides a motor rotor manufacturing process which not only reasonably utilizes the medium-frequency heating characteristic of 702-98 glue, but also heats in a short time and quickly solidifies the glue. The invention saves the electricity and time cost, and also accurately controls the gluing amount and the gluing position, so that the whole dynamic balance of the rotor assembly is low, the noise generated by the vibration of the motor is optimized, and the whole magnetizing is adopted, thus the sine magnetizing is perfect, the power of the motor is high, and the noise is low. The process is suitable for various outer rotor motors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a motor rotor manufacturing process shown in figure 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step, blanking, adopting a numerical control band sawing machine to blank, wherein the verticality is less than or equal to 0.54.
And secondly, annealing, wherein a well type vacuum annealing furnace is adopted for vacuumizing and is filled with nitrogen for protection annealing, the oxidation and decarburization single side after annealing is less than or equal to 0.13, and the hardness of the material after annealing is HB 112-121.
The third step, a 20CrMnTi spheroidizing annealing process: putting the blanks into an annealing furnace after being loaded with baskets, covering a furnace cover, firstly heating the furnace to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2H, then heating to 780 ℃, preserving heat for 10.5H, slowly cooling to 680 ℃, preserving heat for 7H, then closing a power supply furnace, cooling to 270 ℃, discharging at 300 ℃, and then lubricating, wherein the lubricating process is as follows: chemical oil removal, namely 60-100 g/L of NaOH, 360-80g/L of Na2CO, 425-80g/L of Na3PO and 310-15g/L of Na2SiO, wherein the treatment temperature is more than or equal to 85 ℃, and the treatment time is 15-25 min. Washing with flowing clear water. Acid washing with H2SO4120-180g/L, NaCl8-10g/L, treating at 65-75 deg.C for 5-10 min. The flowing cleaning water is used for preventing the pickling solution adsorbed on the surface of the blank from being brought into the next phosphating solution to influence the phosphating effect. Hot water washing, preheating before phosphorization. Phosphating treatment, the formula is as follows: ZnO9g/L, H3PO423mg/L and H2O1L, the total acidity of the formula is 16-20 points, the free acidity is 2.5-4.5 points, the temperature is 85-90 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-40 min.
And fourthly, manufacturing the rotor core, punching the shaft hole and the plurality of guide bar holes on the silicon steel plate by using a punching die to form punched silicon steel sheets, and superposing the punched silicon steel sheets to manufacture the rotor core.
And fifthly, manufacturing an end ring, namely manufacturing the end ring by using a pure copper powder metallurgy process, reserving a through groove corresponding to the guide strip hole on the end ring, and arranging a draft angle of 3.5-4.5 degrees on the inner side wall around the through groove.
And sixthly, manufacturing the conducting bar, and manufacturing the conducting bar by utilizing a cold drawing process.
And seventhly, manually taking out the shell and putting the shell on a workbench to be arranged in order.
And eighthly, gluing the inner side wall of the shell by a gluing machine, and enabling the gluing thickness to be uniform.
And ninthly, manually placing the magnetic shoe into the magnetic shoe positioning tool, and then placing the tool into the machine shell coated with the glue.
Tenth step, heating and curing: the medium-frequency heating induction temperature is 150-204 ℃, the continuous heating time is 36 seconds, the heating voltage is 380V, and the heating power is 13.5 KW.
Step ten, air cooling: and (4) 1000 revolutions per minute of a 40W axial flow fan, and blowing, cooling and heating the solidified rotor for 1-3 minutes at a position 30CM away from the rotor.
Step ten, magnetizing: and putting the rotor into a magnetizing tool fixture, wherein the magnetizing voltage is 1000-1200V, and the current is 5.5 +/-0.2A.
Step thirteen, detection: and detecting the magnetism of the rotor after magnetizing to be more than or equal to 100mWb, detecting the height of the magnetic shoe at the position after the magnetic shoe is solidified to be 2.1 +/-0.5 mm, and detecting the pull-out force of the magnetic shoe to be more than or equal to 300 KG.
Fourteenth, pressing a bearing: and pressing the bearing and the bearing gland into a bearing chamber of the rotor shell, wherein the pressure is 50KG and the air pressure is 0.5 +/-0.1 Pa.
And fifthly, putting the shell with the magnetic shoes solidified into a bearing pressing-in tool, and installing the bearing, the bearing bush and the bearing pressure spring in the shell in sequence to obtain the complete motor rotor.
In the third step, the heating speed is less than 150 ℃/h, the cooling speed is less than 50 ℃/h, the middle part of the rotor iron core is provided with a shaft hole, and a plurality of guide bar holes are arranged around the shaft hole; the central hole in the middle of the end ring corresponds to the shaft hole; the end ring is further provided with a plurality of through grooves, the through grooves correspond to the guide bar holes one by one, and the inner side wall around the through grooves is provided with a drawing slope of 3-4 degrees; the conducting bar cartridge is downthehole at the conducting bar that corresponds, and the end ring is worn out through leading to the groove in the both ends of conducting bar, the surface of end ring and conducting bar all is provided with the galvanizing coat, the conducting bar is made by metal copper, the less one side of conducting bar semicircle radius sets up towards rotor core's shaft hole, the great one side of conducting bar semicircle radius sets up towards rotor core's edge, each conducting bar hole in rotor core is the arc structure, and the axis of the direction of bulging towards rotor core of arc structure, can draw the air-cooling after soaking the saponification liquid in the saponification liquid after the melting in the tenth step, then soak and draw again, so relapse air-cooling again after 3-4 times.
This practical theory of operation: blanking by adopting a numerical control band sawing machine, wherein the verticality is less than or equal to 0.54, annealing, vacuumizing by adopting a well type vacuum annealing furnace, filling nitrogen for protecting annealing, oxidizing and decarburizing a single side after annealing is less than or equal to 0.13, and performing a spheroidizing annealing process on the annealed material with the hardness of HB112-121 by 20 CrMnTi: putting the blanks into an annealing furnace after being loaded with baskets, covering a furnace cover, firstly heating the furnace to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2H, then heating to 780 ℃, preserving heat for 10.5H, slowly cooling to 680 ℃, preserving heat for 7H, then closing a power supply furnace, cooling to 270 ℃, discharging at 300 ℃, and then lubricating, wherein the lubricating process is as follows: chemical oil removal, namely 60-100 g/L NaOH, 360-80g/L Na2CO, 425-80g/L Na3PO and 310-15g/L Na2SiO, wherein the treatment temperature is more than or equal to 85 ℃, and the treatment time is 15-25 min; washing with flowing clear water; acid washing, wherein H2SO4120-180g/L, NaCl8-10g/L, the treatment temperature is 65-75 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-10 min; the flowing cleaning water is used for preventing the pickling solution adsorbed on the surface of the blank from being brought into the next phosphating solution to influence the phosphating effect; hot water washing, preheating before phosphorization; phosphating treatment, the formula is as follows: ZnO9g/L, H3PO423mg/L and H2O1L, wherein the total acidity of the formula is 16-20 points, the free acidity is 2.5-4.5 points, the temperature is 85-90 ℃, the processing time is 30-40min, a rotor iron core is manufactured, a stamping die is used for stamping a silicon steel plate to form a shaft hole and a plurality of guide bar holes to form stamped silicon steel sheets, the stamped silicon steel sheets are superposed to manufacture the rotor iron core, an end ring is manufactured by using a pure copper powder metallurgy process, a through groove corresponding to the guide bar hole is reserved on the end ring, the inner side wall around the through groove is provided with a drawing slope of 3.5-4.5 degrees, the guide bars are manufactured by using a cold drawing process, the machine shell is manually taken out and is placed on a workbench to be arranged in order, glue is coated on the inner side wall of the machine shell by a glue coater, the glue coating thickness is uniform, the magnetic tiles are manually placed into a magnetic tile positioning tool, and then the tool is placed into the, heating and curing: the medium-frequency heating induction temperature is 150-204 ℃, the continuous heating time is 36 seconds, the heating voltage is 380V, the heating power is 13.5KW, and air cooling is as follows: 1000 rpm of 40W axial flow fan, blowing, cooling, heating and curing the rotor for 1-3 minutes at a position 30CM away from the rotor, magnetizing: the rotor is put into the frock clamp that magnetizes, and the voltage of magnetizing 1000 ~ 1200V, electric current 5.5 +/-0.2A detect: detecting the magnetism of the rotor after magnetizing to be more than or equal to 100mWb, detecting the height of the magnetic shoe at the position after the magnetic shoe is solidified to be 2.1 +/-0.5 mm, detecting the pull-out force of the magnetic shoe to be more than or equal to 300KG, and pressing the bearing: and pressing a bearing and a bearing gland into a bearing chamber of the rotor shell, putting the shell with the magnetic shoe solidified into a bearing pressing tool under the pressure of 50KG and the air pressure of 0.5 +/-0.1 Pa, and sequentially installing the bearing, a bearing bush and a bearing pressure spring in the shell to obtain the complete motor rotor.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The manufacturing process of the motor rotor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, blanking, namely blanking by adopting a numerical control band sawing machine, wherein the verticality is less than or equal to 0.54;
secondly, annealing, wherein a well-type vacuum annealing furnace is adopted for vacuumizing and is filled with nitrogen for protection annealing, the single side of oxidation and decarburization after annealing is less than or equal to 0.13, and the hardness of the material after annealing is HB 112-121;
the third step, a 20CrMnTi spheroidizing annealing process: putting the blanks into an annealing furnace after being loaded with baskets, covering a furnace cover, firstly heating the furnace to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2H, then heating to 780 ℃, preserving heat for 10.5H, slowly cooling to 680 ℃, preserving heat for 7H, then closing a power supply furnace, cooling to 270 ℃, discharging at 300 ℃, and then lubricating, wherein the lubricating process is as follows: chemical oil removal, namely 60-100 g/L NaOH, 360-80g/L Na2CO, 425-80g/L Na3PO and 310-15g/L Na2SiO, wherein the treatment temperature is more than or equal to 85 ℃, and the treatment time is 15-25 min; washing with flowing clear water; acid washing, wherein H2SO4120-180g/L, NaCl8-10g/L, the treatment temperature is 65-75 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-10 min; the flowing cleaning water is used for preventing the pickling solution adsorbed on the surface of the blank from being brought into the next phosphating solution to influence the phosphating effect; hot water washing, preheating before phosphorization; phosphating treatment, the formula is as follows: ZnO9g/L, H3PO423mg/L and H2O1L, wherein the total acidity of the formula is 16-20 points, the free acidity is 2.5-4.5 points, the temperature is 85-90 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-40 min;
fourthly, manufacturing a rotor iron core, punching a shaft hole and a plurality of guide bar holes on the silicon steel plate by using a punching die to form punched silicon steel sheets, and superposing the punched silicon steel sheets to manufacture the rotor iron core;
fifthly, manufacturing an end ring, namely manufacturing the end ring by using a pure copper powder metallurgy process, reserving a through groove corresponding to the guide bar hole on the end ring, and arranging a draft angle of 3.5-4.5 degrees on the inner side wall of the periphery of the through groove;
sixthly, manufacturing a conducting bar, and manufacturing the conducting bar by using a cold drawing process;
seventhly, manually taking out the shell and putting the shell on a workbench to be arranged in order;
eighthly, gluing the inner side wall of the shell by a gluing machine, wherein the gluing thickness is uniform;
putting the magnetic shoe into a magnetic shoe positioning tool manually, and putting the tool into the machine shell coated with the glue before;
tenth step, heating and curing: the medium-frequency heating induction temperature is 150-204 ℃, the continuous heating time is 36 seconds, the heating voltage is 380V, and the heating power is 13.5 KW;
step ten, air cooling: 1000 revolutions per minute of 40W axial flow fan, blowing, cooling and heating the solidified rotor for 1-3 minutes at a position 30CM away from the rotor;
step ten, magnetizing: putting the rotor into a magnetizing tool fixture, wherein the magnetizing voltage is 1000-1200V, and the current is 5.5 +/-0.2A;
step thirteen, detection: and detecting the magnetism of the rotor after magnetizing to be more than or equal to 100mWb, detecting the height of the magnetic shoe at the position after the magnetic shoe is solidified to be 2.1 +/-0.5 mm, and detecting the pull-out force of the magnetic shoe to be more than or equal to 300 KG.
Fourteenth, pressing a bearing: pressing a bearing and a bearing gland into a bearing chamber of a rotor shell, wherein the pressure is 50KG and the air pressure is 0.5 +/-0.1 Pa;
and fifthly, putting the shell with the magnetic shoes solidified into a bearing pressing-in tool, and installing the bearing, the bearing bush and the bearing pressure spring in the shell in sequence to obtain the complete motor rotor.
2. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the heating speed is less than 150 ℃/h, and the cooling speed is less than 50 ℃/h.
3. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the rotor iron core is provided with a shaft hole, and a plurality of guide bar holes are arranged around the shaft hole in a surrounding manner; the central hole of the middle part of the end ring corresponds to the shaft hole; the end ring is further provided with a plurality of through grooves, the through grooves correspond to the guide bar holes one by one, and the inner side wall around the through grooves is provided with a drawing slope of 3-4 degrees; the conducting bars are inserted into the corresponding conducting bar holes, and the two ends of the conducting bars penetrate out of the end rings through the through grooves.
4. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: and the surfaces of the end rings and the guide bars are provided with zinc plating layers.
5. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: the conducting bars are made of metal copper.
6. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: the smaller one side of conducting bar semicircle radius sets up towards rotor core's shaft hole, and the bigger one side of conducting bar semicircle radius sets up towards rotor core's edge.
7. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: each conducting bar hole in the rotor iron core is of an arc-shaped structure, and the bulging direction of the arc-shaped structure faces to the axis of the rotor iron core.
8. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: during the saponification in the tenth step, the saponification liquid is melted, the blank is immersed into the saponification liquid, then is pulled up for air cooling, and then is immersed and pulled up again, and the process is repeated for 3-4 times and then is air cooled.
9. A process for manufacturing a rotor for an electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: and in the eighth step, the 702-98 glue is heated to 35-45 ℃ during gluing, the gluing air pressure is 0.5 +/-0.1 Pa, the flowability of the glue is stabilized, the gluing weight of the glue can be controlled, the machine shell is rotated at a constant speed by 1080 ℃, the glue is uniformly coated on the machine shell in a spiral manner or 3 circles, and the gluing area and position are controlled.
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| CN114499071A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 丽水强润电子有限公司 | A kind of induction heating curing method and system for micromotor stator assembly |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |