CN111815409B - Pattern matching method for personalized design of mechanical products facing "Internet +" environment - Google Patents
Pattern matching method for personalized design of mechanical products facing "Internet +" environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种面向“互联网+”环境机械产品个性化设计模式匹配方法，该方法将用户订单量化为特征向量，将机械产品分解成模块，并构建历史案例库，根据机械产品各模块采用不同设计模式时用户满意的概率得到根据用户订单匹配的设计模式方案。本发明从概率学角度出发，依据贝叶斯定理研究产品定制设计中各个设计模块的个性化设计模式匹配方法；通过计算不同设计模块采用不同设计模式的用户满意概率值，匹配出各个设计模块对应的设计模式，减少设计人员靠设计经验选择设计模式时的试错情况，提高设计效率；提高了个性化设计模式匹配过程中的智能性与操作性。
The invention discloses a pattern matching method for personalized design of mechanical products facing the "Internet +" environment. The method quantifies user orders into feature vectors, decomposes mechanical products into modules, and builds a historical case library. According to the probability of user satisfaction when each module of a mechanical product adopts a different design pattern, a design pattern scheme matched according to the user order is obtained. The present invention starts from the perspective of probability and studies the individualized design pattern matching method of each design module in product customization design according to Bayesian theorem; by calculating the user satisfaction probability values of different design patterns adopted by different design modules, the corresponding design pattern of each design module is matched, reducing the trial and error of designers when selecting design patterns based on design experience, improving design efficiency; and improving the intelligence and operability in the process of individualized design pattern matching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machine product custom design, and particularly relates to a matching method of an Internet plus environment machine product personalized design mode.
Background
Expert predicts that more than half of the future products will be custom personalized products. With the continuous improvement of industrial technology and people living standard, the material needs to be wider and wider, and the traditional single product can not meet the personalized demands of people. The traditional product custom design mode and mass production line no longer meet the design and production of custom products. And the large-scale customized design mode is used for carrying out product module configuration according to the user demands by presetting product modules and module groups, so that products meeting the user demands are combined. However, as the personalization of demand increases, the source of product orders slowly changes from a population to a single user, and large-scale custom design patterns will also be difficult to meet the user's demand. The existing product modules and module families cannot fully cover the personalized demands of users, and the future demand trend cannot be accurately predicted, so that the module library cannot be updated in advance. Meanwhile, for complex custom mechanical products or equipment, large-scale custom design patterns have not been accommodated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an Internet plus environment-oriented mechanical product personalized design pattern matching method aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an internet plus environment mechanical product personalized design pattern matching method comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing an order feature vector order of user personalized requirements:
order＝{(req 1 ,r 1 ),(req 2 ,r 2 ),...,(req i ,r i ),...,(req n ,r n )}
wherein req is as follows i Represents the ith demand feature, r i A normalized demand value representing an ith demand feature, n being a demand feature number;
(2) Breaking up a mechanical product into m modules d 1 ～d m Constructing a product decomposition module set D= { D 1 ,d 2 ,...,d m }；
(3) According to the historical order records of the design pattern schemes meeting the requirements of users, a design pattern matching case library X is constructed:
pattern j ＝{p 1j ,p 2j ,...,p kj ,...,p mj }
wherein M represents the number of historical orders in the design pattern matching case library, order j An order feature vector representing a jth order; p is p kj Representing the design pattern adopted by the kth module in the jth order, pattern j Representing the design pattern matching result of each module in the jth order, wherein k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m;
(4) Order for new order feature vector order * User satisfaction probability P (epsilon) for kth module of mechanical product adopting different design modes k |order * )(ε k =1, 2, 3) is:
wherein ε k =1 means that the kth module adopts the design pattern configured by order, ε k =2 means that the kth module adopts a deformation design pattern according to the order, ε k =3 means that the kth module adopts the design pattern generated by order; 0<P(order * ) Is less than or equal to 1 and is a constant; p (epsilon) k ) Representing the use of epsilon by the kth module in design pattern matching case library X k Probability of design pattern:
wherein X (ε) k ) Represents that the kth module in X adopts epsilon k Design mode's order set, |X (ε) k ) The I is X (epsilon) k ) The number of elements in the matrix; p (order) * |ε k ) Order for the kth module according to the new order feature vector order * Conditional probability of selecting different design modes:
wherein r is i * Representing order * The normalized demand value of the ith demand feature in (1) is more than or equal to i and less than or equal to n; x (epsilon) k ) i Is that the k-th module in X adopts epsilon k Normalized demand value r for the ith demand feature in an order of design patterns i Is a set of (a) and (b),respectively, are the sets X (epsilon) k ) i Mean and variance of (a);
(5) P (ε) k |order * ) The design pattern corresponding to the maximum probability value is used as the design pattern matching result p of the kth module k * The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Due to P (order) * ) As a constant, compare { P (ε) k |order * )|ε k The magnitude of =1, 2,3} is a comparison { P (epsilon) k )P(order * |ε k )|ε k Size of =1, 2,3;
(6) Obtaining the design pattern matching result of all modules of the mechanical product to form a final design pattern matching result
Further, the design pattern ε k =1, 2,3; wherein ε k =1 means that the kth module adopts the design pattern configured by order, ε k =2 means that the kth module adopts a deformation design pattern according to the order, ε k =3 means that the kth module employs a design pattern generated by order.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method is based on the probability, and the personalized design pattern matching method of each design module in the product custom design is researched according to the Bayesian theorem. The user satisfaction probability values of different design modes are calculated for different design modules, the design modes corresponding to the design modules are matched, the error trial and error condition of a designer when the designer selects the design modes by design experience is reduced, and the design efficiency is improved.
2. The invention improves the intelligence and operability in the personalized design pattern matching process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an "Internet+" environmental mechanical product personalization design;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of personalized design pattern matching for "Internet+" environmental mechanical products;
fig. 3 is a diagram of an implementation of an internet + "environment elevator car system personalization design.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention is a corresponding personalized design flow chart of the 'internet+' environmental mechanical product, which comprises the following steps:
(1.1) users put forward personalized demands on mechanical products by themselves through an 'Internet+' environment constructed by a multi-source terminal. The Internet plus design platform converts the user demands into product orders and transmits the product orders to designers through a network server.
And (1.2) the designer takes the electronic order as the basis, and matches the design modes of all the modules of the product according to the personalized design mode user satisfaction probability matching method. The personalized design mode of the environment mechanical product of the Internet plus comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of configuring a design mode according to an order, deforming the design mode according to the order and generating the design mode according to the order:
(1) The complex products are decomposed according to the design modules, and are designed one by one according to the modules. The design pattern of each module is obtained by matching the order content with the product module library.
(2) And selecting a design mode configured according to an order, and matching the modules meeting the design requirement from a module library according to the product design parameters, the configuration rules and the configuration templates.
(3) Selecting a deformation design mode according to an order, positioning a module to be deformed, retrieving a similar configuration module from a module library, selecting an optimal transplanting master plate and a transplanting alternative module, dividing structural characteristics of an available structure meeting design requirements, extracting performance parameter differences of the master plate, transplanting (replacing) the available structure onto the master plate, reconstructing constraints, and reconstructing standard interfaces of adjacent modules under the condition of meeting the performance requirements to form a module design scheme deformed according to the order.
(4) Selecting a design mode of generating a formula according to an order, designing the formula for generating a completely unmatched module in a module library, setting constraint conditions, boundary conditions and load conditions, generating multiple design results of generating the formula meeting the conditions, performing performance simulation on the generated module, and selecting the module meeting the order requirement as a module design scheme.
(5) And (3) sequentially designing each module, designing by adopting the design modes (2) - (4), and fusing the module schemes of the complex product after finishing all the designs to generate the customized design scheme of the mechanical product.
(1.3) after the designer finishes the design scheme, the user feeds back each other in real time through an Internet plus platform, and the designer modifies the design scheme until the user requirement is met; in addition, the user can directly participate in the whole design process, and the module successive design process can propose a change opinion for the designer to modify. The final design scheme should fully meet the personalized needs of the user.
The Internet plus design platform is a design platform provided for personalized design of mechanical products in the Internet plus environment, users and designers participate in product customization design together, generally users put forward or modify demands, the designers carry out customization design according to orders converted by the demands, the users participate in the whole design process, and the users feed back each other in real time to complete the products meeting the demands of the users. Specifically, the personalized design pattern matching method for the 'Internet+' environment mechanical product comprises the following steps:
under the environment of 'Internet plus', a user submits the requirement according to the personalized requirement of the user and generates an order according to a preset template;
2. the customizing design process of the mechanical product is completed on an Internet+design platform, and three design modes are respectively a design mode configured according to an order, a design mode deformed according to the order and a design mode generated according to the order. And matching the design modes with the existing product modules according to the order content, and carrying out one-by-one and completing the design on the product modules by a designer according to the matching result.
The steps for configuring the design pattern by order are as follows,
A1. inputting personalized order parameters, and converting the personalized order parameters into mechanical product design parameters;
A2. matching proper modules from a configuration module library according to design parameters, configuration structures, configuration rules and configuration modules to form a mechanical product custom design scheme configured according to orders;
A3. and (3) transmitting the design scheme to a user terminal, evaluating whether the scheme meets the self requirements, if so, outputting the customized design scheme of the mechanical product to finish the design, and if not, returning to the step (2) for reconfiguration, or replacing the other two design modes.
The steps of the shape-by-order design model are as follows,
B1. inputting personalized order parameters, and converting the personalized order parameters into mechanical product design parameters;
B2. when the design according to the order configuration cannot meet the order requirement, a user feeds back and evaluates the product modules which need to be modified in real time and only partially meet the design requirement in the module library, and the like, a design mode can be deformed according to the order;
B3. positioning a product module to be deformed, and searching similar modules in a module library;
B4. evaluating a similar module, and selecting an optimal transplanting module mother board and a transplanting alternative module;
B5. analyzing the performance difference between the optimal transplanting module mother board and the design parameters, extracting available structures in the transplanting alternative modules and dividing the available structures;
B6. transplanting or replacing the available structure segmented in the transplanting alternative module into an optimal transplanting module mother plate, and reconstructing structural constraint;
B7. the designer firstly judges whether the new module meets the performance, does not meet the requirement of structural optimization or shifts to step 5-6, and if so, the new module feeds back with the user, and the step 4-6 is repeated, so that the new module completely meets the requirement of the user.
B8. Standardizing interfaces between the new module and the adjacent modules designed according to the order deformation;
B9. repeating the steps 3-8 to finish the deformation design of the other modules, and outputting the mechanical product customized design scheme deformed according to the order.
The steps of the order-wise design pattern are as follows,
C1. inputting personalized order parameters, and converting the personalized order parameters into mechanical product design parameters;
C2. when the design according to the order configuration and the order deformation design can not meet the order requirement, a user feeds back and evaluates the design scheme to be modified in real time, and a product module meeting the design requirement does not exist in a module library, the module can be designed according to an order generation type design mode;
C3. positioning a module or a part to be changed, and updating a product order library according to order requirements, so that a later generation type module is convenient to store in a warehouse;
C4. generating a design mode according to an order by using the product design resource library, setting constraint requirements, boundary conditions, load conditions and the like, and generating a mass module generation type design result;
C5. the designer selects a module meeting the product performance from the mass generation type design modules, transmits the module to a user for evaluation, and cooperatively selects a module completely meeting the user requirement; if the user changes the demand in the process, turning to step 4;
C6. repeating the steps 3-5 to complete the design of the generation type of the other modules and form a mechanical product custom design scheme according to the generation type of the order;
C7. the generating module carries out modeling on a model, a document, a structure and a rule and is integrated into a product design resource library.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a personalized design pattern user satisfaction probability matching method of the invention. The matching design mode is matched with the existing product module according to the order content, and the user satisfaction probability matching method adopting the personalized design mode comprises the following steps:
2.1. order feature vector order= { (req) for constructing user personalized demand 1 ,r 1 ),(req 2 ,r 2 ),...,(req i ,r i ),...,(req n ,r n ) -a }; wherein req is as follows i Representing the ith demand feature in the order feature vector, r i Representing req i And the corresponding normalized user personalized demand value, n is the demand characteristic number. For similar mechanical products, the demand characteristics in the feature vectors of different orders are the same, but due to personalized demands, the normalized demand values r under the same demand characteristics of different orders are different.
2.2. Constructing a product decomposition module set D, decomposing product modules before customizing and designing each mechanical product, and designing the mechanical products one by one according to the modules by the thought of module design, wherein the module division results of the similar mechanical products are the same as D= { D 1 ,d 2 ,...,d m -a }; wherein d k The kth module representing product division is divided into m modules, and k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m.
2.3. Design cases composed according to order records meeting user requirementsLibrary, constructing a design pattern matching case librarypattern j ＝{p 1j ,p 2j ,...,p kj ,...,p mj -a }; wherein M represents the number of orders recorded in the design pattern matching case library; p is p kj Representing the kth module d in the jth order record k Design pattern adopted j Representing the design pattern matching result p of each module in the jth order record kj Is a set of (3).
2.4. Inputting new order feature vector order * The user satisfaction probability P (epsilon) corresponding to the three design modes of the kth module in D is compared k |order * )(ε k =1, 2, 3), selecting the design mode with the highest probability of user satisfaction, comprising the sub-steps of:
2.4.1 find the set { p } of design pattern matching results for the kth module in X kj I j=1 to M, dividing X into X (epsilon) according to different design patterns in the set k )，ε k =1, 2,3; wherein ε k Representing design pattern, ε, of kth module selection k =1 means that the kth module adopts the design pattern configured by order, ε k =2 means that the kth module adopts a deformation design pattern according to the order, ε k =3 means that the kth module adopts the design pattern generated by order; x (epsilon) k ) Indicating that the kth module employs epsilon k A set of cases for a design pattern.
2.4.2 find the set of normalized user-personalized demand values for the ith demand feature in X { r ] ij I j=1 to M }, X (ε) obtained in step 2.4.1 k ) Dividing the set into X (. Epsilon.) k ) i X (ε) k ) i Indicating that the kth module employs epsilon k And designing a set of normalized user personalized demand values of the ith demand feature in the corresponding order record in the mode.
2.4.3 calculating the k-th Module in X selects different design modes ε k Probability P (epsilon) of =1, 2,3 k )：
Wherein, |X (ε) k ) I represents X (ε) k ) The number of elements in the list.
2.4.4 computing the set X (ε) k ) i Mean of (2)And variance->
2.4.5 calculating a New order feature vector order * Medium demand feature req i * Corresponding r i * Conditional probability P (r) of a kth module selecting different design patterns when the values are different i * |ε k ) The method comprises the following steps:
wherein r is i * Representing order * In (i) th demand feature req i * Due to r i * Satisfies the distribution rule of probability density function,
2.4.3 kth Module orders according to the New order feature vector * Conditional probability P (order) of selecting different design patterns * |ε k ) The method comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P (order * |ε k ) From order * N of r i The value joint decision is based on attribute condition independence assumption.
2.4.4 obtaining user satisfaction probability P (ε) for the kth module using different design patterns based on Bayesian theorem k |order * ) The method comprises the following steps:
in the formula, 0<P(order * ) Less than or equal to 1 represents an evidence factor which is a constant; thus, P (. Epsilon.) is compared k |order * ) Is the size of the comparison { P (. Epsilon.) k )·P(order * |ε k ) Size of { P (ε) k )·P(order * |ε k )|ε k Design pattern corresponding to maximum value in =1, 2,3} as matching result
2.5 sequentially calculating and matching each order feature vector to form a final design pattern matching resultGuiding the designer to design.
3. The designer finishes the mechanical product customizing design scheme, directly feeds back to the user on the internet plus design platform, and the user can experience the product performance to determine whether to meet the requirements. If the requirements are not met, real-time feedback is provided to a designer to redesign the part which does not meet the requirements; if so, determining that the product design scheme shifts to the manufacturing stage.
The invention carries out the custom design of the mechanical product based on the order of the user, drives the design by the requirement of the single user, and the user participates in the whole design process through the Internet and the design platform and feeds back with the designer in real time, so that the final design scheme meets the personalized requirement of the user. The invention provides three mechanical product personalized design modes: the design mode is configured according to the order, the design mode is deformed according to the order, the design mode is generated according to the order, and the custom design requirement of almost all mechanical products is met. The three design modes effectively relieve the contradiction between the requirement individuation and the production scale. And in the design mode matching stage, a module design mode meeting the order requirement is omitted by a designer according to experience judgment, and the design efficiency and the user satisfaction of a design result are improved.
Elevators are widely used in life as a highly personalized customized mechanical product, and elevator systems of different buildings have large differences, so that the demands of users on the elevators are personalized. The elevator is divided into a plurality of systems such as a driving system, a suspension system, a landing door system, a car system and the like, each system can be independently designed and assembled, and the car system with the highest individuation degree is selected as a specific embodiment for description.
The implementation of the method is described in connection with a simplified example. Table 1 is a simplified local elevator design pattern matching case library, new personalized order feature vector order * = { (load, 0.54), (scene, 0.25), (speed, 0.61), (floor, 0.45), (decoration, 0.14) }, taking design pattern matching of number 24 module as an example, P (ε) needs to be compared 24 |order * )(ε 24 =1, 2, 3) determines what design mode to select. The specific calculation steps are as follows:
table 1: elevator design pattern matching case library (simplified local)
P(ε 24 ＝1)＝0.6，P(ε 24 ＝2)＝0.4，P(ε 24 ＝3)＝0
Let P (order) * ) =1, then P (ε) 24 ＝1|order * )＝0.574，P(ε 24 ＝2|order * )＝3.06×10 -84 ， P(ε 24 ＝3|order * ) =0, so the number 24 module should use the design pattern configured by order. The remaining module design pattern matches are calculated in a similar manner.
As shown in fig. 3, the process diagram of the personalized design of the elevator car system in the environment of the internet plus is provided.
(1) According to the personalized design pattern matching method provided by the invention, the user satisfaction probabilities of three design patterns are calculated one by one according to the divided design modules, so that the design pattern matching is performed, and the result shows that 91% of the modules are used for configuring the design pattern according to the order, 7% of the modules are used for deforming the design pattern according to the order, and 2% of the modules are used for generating the design pattern according to the order, as shown in fig. 3 (a).
(2) In the matching result, the design modules of the car frame, the car, the protective cover, the car wall and the like can be designed according to the configuration design mode of the order. The module library and the configuration structure of the elevator car system are configured through the existing configuration rule library, and parts meeting the order requirements are matched from top to bottom in the module library, so that a specific design scheme of each module configured according to the order is formed, as shown in fig. 3 (b).
(3) And taking the rope wheel as an example of a design flow according to the order deformation design mode. The method comprises the steps of firstly searching a similar configuration module from a module library, after evaluating the similar configuration scheme, selecting an optimal transplanting mother board and a transplanting alternative module, extracting available structures from the transplanting alternative module, extracting performance parameter differences from the most available transplanting mother board, transplanting the available structures to the mother board after being divided by structural features, reconstructing constraints, and performing structural optimization to meet order demands, and standardizing interfaces between a new deformation module and an adjacent module to form a rope pulley specific design scheme designed according to order deformation, wherein the rope pulley specific design scheme is shown in fig. 3 (c).
(4) The design flow is described by taking a dial frame as an example according to the design mode of order generation. After constraint conditions, boundary conditions and load conditions are set according to order information about the shifting frame body, multiple generation type design results meeting the conditions can be obtained according to an order generation type design mode, performance simulation is carried out on the generation type design results, and a shifting frame body design scheme meeting the order requirements is selected, as shown in fig. 3 (d).
(5) In fig. 3 (b) - (d), a certain part is taken as an example, the rest parts are designed one by one according to the matching result of the design mode, finally, the designer integrates each module, the user and the designer perform real-time mutual feedback on the internet plus design platform, and the designer modifies or redesigns the design result until the user requirement is completely met.
Claims (2)
1. The personalized design pattern matching method for the 'Internet+' environment mechanical product is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Constructing an order feature vector order of user personalized requirements:
order＝{(req 1 ,r 1 ),(req 2 ,r 2 ),K,(req i ,r i ),K,(req n ,r n )}
wherein req is as follows i Represents the ith demand feature, r i A normalized demand value representing an ith demand feature, n being a demand feature number;
(2) Breaking up a mechanical product into m modules d 1 ～d m Constructing a product decomposition module set D= { D 1 ,d 2 ,...,d m }；
(3) According to the historical order records of the design pattern schemes meeting the requirements of users, a design pattern matching case library X is constructed:
pattern j ＝{p 1j ,p 2j ,...,p kj ,...,p mj }
wherein M represents the number of historical orders in the design pattern matching case library, order j An order feature vector representing a jth order; p is p kj Representing the design pattern adopted by the kth module in the jth order, pattern j Representing the design pattern matching result of each module in the jth order, wherein k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m;
(4) Order for new order feature vector order * The kth module of the mechanical product adopts different design modes epsilon k Probability of user satisfaction P (epsilon) k |order * ) The method comprises the following steps:
wherein 0 is<P(order * ) Is less than or equal to 1 and is a constant; p (epsilon) k ) Representing the use of epsilon by the kth module in design pattern matching case library X k Probability of design pattern:
wherein X (ε) k ) Represents that the kth module in X adopts epsilon k Design mode's order set, |X (ε) k ) The I is X (epsilon) k ) The number of elements in the matrix; p (order) * |ε k ) Order for the kth module according to the new order feature vector order * Conditional probability of selecting different design modes:
wherein r is i * Representing order * The normalized demand value of the ith demand feature in (1) is more than or equal to i and less than or equal to n; x (epsilon) k ) i Is that the k-th module in X adopts epsilon k Normalized demand value r for the ith demand feature in an order of design patterns i Is a set of (a) and (b),respectively, are the sets X (epsilon) k ) i Mean and variance of (a);
(5) P (ε) k |order * ) The design pattern corresponding to the maximum probability value is used as the design pattern matching result of the kth moduleDue to P (order) * ) As a constant, compare { P (ε) k |order * )|ε k The magnitude of =1, 2,3} is a comparison { P (epsilon) k )P(order * |ε k )|ε k Size of =1, 2,3}；
(6) Obtaining the design pattern matching result of all modules of the mechanical product to form a final design pattern matching result
2. The method for matching personalized design patterns of mechanical products oriented to 'Internet+' environment according to claim 1, wherein the design patterns epsilon k =1, 2,3; wherein ε k =1 means that the kth module adopts the design pattern configured by order, ε k =2 means that the kth module adopts a deformation design pattern according to the order, ε k =3 means that the kth module employs a design pattern generated by order.
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| CN111815409B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江大学 | Pattern matching method for personalized design of mechanical products facing "Internet +" environment |
| CN112182406B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2024-09-24 | 上海设序科技有限公司 | Mechanical design scheme recommendation method and device |
| CN115391745B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-20 | 国能大渡河大数据服务有限公司 | Rainfall forecast correction method and system based on probability matching average method |
| CN117440553B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-01 | 上海舒谦智能技术有限公司 | Multipurpose intelligent LED scene lamp control system and method |
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| CN109166004A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-08 | 贵州大学 | The product customization method of case-based reasioning |
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| CN109741120A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-05-10 | 贵州大学 | In-depth product customization method for user needs |
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