CN111803481A - L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用 - Google Patents
L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了L‑丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用。本发明通过C57BL/6小鼠和SCID小鼠感染模型、巨噬细胞体外感染模型、外源添加代谢物等方式,证明L‑丙氨酸通过天然免疫细胞保护宿主抵抗结核菌感染、L‑丙氨酸促进巨噬细胞抗菌肽产生并限制结核菌胞内存活,L‑丙氨酸有望辅助目前的抗结核药物,可以缩短疗程,提高疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及结核病防治领域,具体涉及L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用。
背景技术
结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,MTB)感染引起的结核病是全球十大死因之一,也是导致死亡人数最多的传染性疾病。而我国同样形式严峻,是全球结核病第二高负担国家。结核病的推荐治疗方案是多种抗结核药物联合使用6-9个月,这导致患者服药依从性差,进一步助长耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)发生发展。目前MDR-TB已经对全球公共卫生造成威胁,MDR-TB患者用常规方案治疗后治愈率低于50%,甚至有一部分病人会加重。宿主靶向治疗(Host-directed therapy,HDT)作用原理不同于以往抗结核药物直接杀死结核菌,而是调节宿主的免疫功能,对抗结核菌感染。多个临床研究表明HDT药物辅助治疗可以有效缩短患者用药时间,尤其对于MDR-TB患者有明显疗效。由于HDT药物都是靶向宿主经典抗结核免疫通路,所以几乎不会出现耐HDT的结核菌。虽然HDT药物辅助治疗具备诸多优点,尤其给耐药结核患者带来更多选择,但是HDT在结核病领域还是一种新兴的治疗方案,目前已经被证实作用机制明确且在结核病中有宿主保护作用的HDT药物还非常有限。因此找到可以直接靶向宿主抗结核免疫通路的HDT药物迫在眉睫,且具有很高的临床意义。
宿主对结核菌的免疫反应起始于肺泡巨噬细胞和树突状细胞将结核菌吞噬,然后通过自噬体成熟、抗菌肽的产生和活性氧/活性氮的产生(ROS/RNS)直接清除胞内结核菌。抗菌肽(AMPs)一般是由12-50个氨基酸组成的带正电荷的肽段,AMPs具有双亲性,既有输水区域又具备亲水区域,这样有助于AMPs与细菌外壁结合。在哺乳动物中主要有2大抗菌肽家族:Cathelicidins和Defensins。抗菌肽可以通过多种机制直接限制结核菌的生长,比如抗菌肽LL-37可以干扰结核菌的菌膜功能,打乱菌壁结构从而杀死结核菌。目前已经发现具有活性的维生素D31,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3可以与维生素D受体结合,启动抗菌肽的表达。临床实验表明一种组氨酸去乙酰化酶抑制剂-苯丁酸钠(PBA)加维生素D有望治愈结核患者,尤其是耐药结核患者。
近年来代谢小分子物质对疾病,尤其是对肿瘤和肠道菌群的影响一直是全球科学家的研究热点,越来越多的数据表明绝大多数疾病的发生发展都伴随着局部或整体的代谢异常。近期,连续几篇国际高影响力的文章都报道到了胰腺癌、致病型肠菌、肠癌等疾病中对宿主具有保护治疗效果的小分子代谢物,并且可以通过干预相关代谢通路或人工添加代谢产物直接影响疾病的转归。但是在结核分枝杆菌感染引起的结核病中,小分子代谢物质一直被用于疾病诊断方向的研究,其对结核病疾病转归的影响还知之甚少。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的问题,提供L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用。
本发明提供了L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用。
进一步地,所述药物还包括药剂学上可接受的辅料。
进一步地,所述药物通过天然免疫细胞保护宿主抵抗结核菌感染。
进一步地,所述药物促进巨噬细胞抗菌肽产生并限制结核菌胞内存活。
进一步地,所述药物可以提高巨噬细胞对多重耐药结核菌的清除能力。
进一步地,所述药物可辅助抗结核药物。
本发明利用C57BL/6小鼠和SCID小鼠感染模型,分析L-丙氨酸对结核病的影响。
本发明利用巨噬细胞体外感染模型,分析L-丙氨酸对巨噬细胞抗结核免疫功能的影响。
本发明采用以上技术方案,与现有技术相比,具有如下技术效果:
本发明通过C57BL/6小鼠和SCID小鼠感染模型、巨噬细胞体外感染模型、外源添加代谢物等方式,证明L-丙氨酸通过天然免疫细胞保护宿主抵抗结核菌感染、L-丙氨酸促进巨噬细胞抗菌肽产生并限制结核菌胞内存活,L-丙氨酸可以提高巨噬细胞对多重耐药结核菌的清除,L-丙氨酸有望辅助目前的抗结核药物,可以缩短疗程,提高疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中C57BL/6小鼠感染模型实验的肺部组织切片图(1-A)和肺部CFU统计结果图(1-B);
图2为本发明实施例1中SCID小鼠感染模型实验的生存曲线图;
图3为本发明实施例2中Q-PCR结果图;
图4为本发明实施例2中巨噬细胞体外感染模型的胞内存活实验结果图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但不作为本发明的限定。
实施例1
C57BL/6小鼠和SCID小鼠感染模型,分析L-丙氨酸对结核病的影响。
(1)C57BL/6小鼠感染模型实验:取野生型6-8周C57BL/6雌鼠,每组8只,经呼吸道感染结核菌H37Rv菌,约200CFU/鼠。对照组给予饮水,L-丙氨酸组在饮用水中添加L-丙氨酸(30mg/mL),D-丙氨酸组作为药物对照在饮用水中添加D-丙氨酸(30mg/mL),感染30天后颈部脱臼处死小鼠,分离肺组织检测以下指标:1)肺部CFU:在无菌条件下收集肺组织,匀浆后10倍、100倍稀释,各取0.1ml接种于米氏7H10培养基,37℃培养4周,观察MTB生长情况,统计菌落数(CFU),计算肺组织荷菌量。2)肺部组织病理学检测:收集肺组织,用4%多聚甲醛固定,经过脱水、浸蜡、包埋后,4μm切片,H&E染色,显微镜观察组织是否有水肿、炎症细胞浸润、出血等病理学损害。结果如图1所示。
(2)SCID小鼠感染模型实验:取野生型6-8周SCID雌鼠,每组16只,气溶胶感染结核菌H37Rv菌,约200CFU/鼠。对照组给予饮水,L-丙氨酸组在饮用水中添加L-丙氨酸(30mg/mL),持续观察小鼠的生存情况,绘制生存曲线。结果如图2所示。
结果显示:给予补充L-丙氨酸的小鼠感染结核菌后肺部病理改变减轻,表现为更少的中性粒细胞聚集,以及更大面积的完整肺组织(图1-A),伴随更少的荷菌量(图1-B),可见L-丙氨酸可以显著提高宿主抵抗结核菌的能力。给予L-丙氨酸补充可以显著提高SCID小鼠的存活率和存活时间(图2),由于SCID小鼠是适应性免疫应答缺陷小鼠,其只保留了完整的天然免疫功能,可见L-丙氨酸主要通过影响小鼠天然免疫应答阶段提高宿主抗结核菌感染能力。
实施例2
巨噬细胞体外感染模型,分析L-丙氨酸对巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响。
(1)抗菌肽产生的影响:取小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞或小鼠永生化的骨髓来源的巨噬细胞(Immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages,iBMDM),加入终浓度为0、0.1和1mM的L-丙氨酸处理12小时后给予H37Rv感染,MOI=5。分别感染0、12、24小时后,去上清,用1mlTRIZOL裂解细胞,提取RNA,通过RT-PCR检测抗菌肽等相关分子表达水平的变化,确定L-丙氨酸对巨噬细胞抗菌肽产生的影响。实验结果如图3所示。
(2)胞内存活实验:取野生型小鼠腹腔原代巨噬细胞,用完全1640培养基(含10%FBS+1%青霉素-链霉素)37度培养4小时,细胞贴壁后换全无1640培养基,分别加入L-丙氨酸使其终浓度为0和1mM,12小时后分别感染H37Rv菌株和实验室保存的临床分离出的结核菌耐药菌株(MDR),MOI=2。感染2小时后,去上清,PBS反复清洗细胞三次去除胞外菌,通过CFU计数进入细胞菌数。或清洗后加入含有庆大霉素及0和1mM的L-丙氨酸的1640培养基继续培养24小时后通过CFU检测胞内菌的存活情况。
结果显示:在小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞和iBMDM细胞中,通过RT-PCR观察到L-丙氨酸可以显著促进抗菌肽Camp和Defb4基因的表达(图3A-D)。
在小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞上给予L-丙氨酸刺激,随后给予结核菌标准菌株H37Rv(图4A)及多重耐药菌株MDR(图4B)感染细胞,发现L-丙氨酸也可以促进巨噬细胞对结核分枝杆菌的胞内清除能力。
以上所述仅为本发明较佳的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的实施方式及保护范围,对于本领域技术人员而言,应当能够意识到凡运用本发明说明书及图示内容所作出的等同替换和显而易见的变化所得到的方案,均应当包含在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物还包括药剂学上可接受的辅料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物通过天然免疫细胞保护宿主抵抗结核菌感染。
4.根据权利要求1所述的L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物促进巨噬细胞抗菌肽产生并限制结核菌胞内存活。
5.根据权利要求1所述的L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物可提高巨噬细胞对多重耐药结核菌的清除作用。
6.根据权利要求1所述的L-丙氨酸在制备预防和治疗结核药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物可辅助抗结核药物。
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