CN111756663A - Frequency offset estimation method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency offset estimation method, a device, equipment and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a training sequence sent by a sending end, wherein the training sequence at least comprises two training symbols; calculating an initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol; performing frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol according to the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset; and calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation. The invention calculates the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset for the training symbol, compensates the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset for the next training symbol, and calculates the residual frequency offset value of the carrier according to the training symbol after frequency offset compensation, thereby effectively improving the precision of frequency offset estimation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a frequency offset estimation method, apparatus, device, and computer-readable storage medium.
Background
Since the crystal oscillator frequencies of the wireless communication transmitting end and the receiving end cannot be exactly consistent, the receiving end needs to estimate the carrier frequency deviation of the transmitting and receiving ends, and the estimation accuracy affects the communication performance of the transmitting and receiving ends. The existing carrier frequency offset estimation method commonly used in wireless communication is a symbol correlation operation method based on a training sequence, and two or more adjacent training symbols are used for performing correlation operation to calculate a phase difference, so that frequency offset estimation is realized.
However, the existing frequency offset estimation method still has a large residual frequency deviation in an environment with a low signal-to-noise ratio, which causes a subsequent symbol demodulation error and reduces communication efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a frequency offset estimation method which can improve the accuracy of frequency offset estimation.
The invention also provides a frequency offset estimation setting.
The invention also provides frequency offset estimation equipment.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation method: the method comprises the following steps:
receiving a training sequence sent by a sending end, wherein the training sequence at least comprises two training symbols;
calculating an initial estimation value f of the carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol0；
According to the initial estimation value f of the carrier frequency offset0Performing frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol;
and calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation.
The frequency offset estimation method of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset is calculated for the training symbol, the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset is compensated for the next training symbol, and the carrier residual frequency offset value is calculated according to the training symbol after frequency offset compensation, so that the precision of frequency offset estimation is effectively improved.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
converting the training symbols into a frequency domain, and calculating channel estimation values of the training symbols;
converting the channel estimation value into a time domain to obtain a time domain sequence;
and screening an initial time domain effective value sequence from the time domain sequence according to the multipath signal effective value estimation.
Further, the step of screening an initial time domain effective value sequence from the time domain sequence according to the multipath signal effective value estimation includes: and calculating a selected threshold by using the power of the time domain sequence and the white noise power, and screening an initial time domain effective value sequence by using the power of the time domain sequence and the selected threshold.
Further, the training symbols include a first training symbol S1 and a second training symbol S2;
converting the first training symbol S1 and the second training symbol S2 to frequency domain, calculating the channel estimation value of the training symbols as HPIn which H isPIs { H }P1,HP2,HP3,...,HPn}，PnIs the nth channel estimation value in the P-th training symbol, and converts the channel estimation value into a time domain to obtain a time domain sequence { h }P1,hP2, hP3,...,hPn}。
Further, according to the initial time domain effective value sequence, calculating an initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset as follows:
wherein f is0Is an initial estimate of the carrier frequency offset, fsIs the sampling frequency, N is the channel estimate HPThe length of U is the set of effective paths screened out according to the effective value estimation of the multipath signal, angle is the argument,
and
and calculating screened effective path sequence values from the obtained channel response values respectively for the first training symbol S1 and the second training symbol S2.
Further, the calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after frequency offset compensation includes:
initial estimation value f using carrier frequency offset0And carrying out carrier frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol to obtain a compensated training symbol S'k；
The compensated training symbol S'kPerforming descrambling, demapping, subcarrier merging and demapping to calculate carrier residual deviation
According to the initial estimated value f0And the residual deviation
And calculating an updated value f of the carrier frequency offset.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation arrangement, including:
the signal receiving module is used for receiving a training sequence of a training symbol sent by a sending end, wherein the training symbol comprises a carrier frequency offset initial value estimation symbol and a carrier frequency offset final value estimation symbol;
the carrier frequency offset initial estimation module is used for calculating an initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol;
the carrier frequency offset compensation module is used for carrying out frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol according to the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset;
and the carrier residual frequency offset value estimation module is used for calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation apparatus, including:
at least one processor, and,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the frequency offset estimation method.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the frequency offset estimation method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for frequency offset estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating training sequences in an embodiment of a method for frequency offset estimation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an initial estimated value f of carrier frequency offset according to an embodiment of the frequency offset estimation method in the embodiment of the present invention0A simulation graph;
FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of a final estimated value of carrier frequency offset according to an embodiment of a frequency offset estimation method according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of frequency offset estimation according to another embodiment of the frequency offset estimation method in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if an orientation description is referred to, for example, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If a feature is referred to as being "disposed," "secured," "connected," or "mounted" to another feature, it can be directly disposed, secured, or connected to the other feature or indirectly disposed, secured, connected, or mounted to the other feature.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if "a number" is referred to, it means one or more, if "a plurality" is referred to, it means two or more, if "greater than", "less than" or "more than" is referred to, it is understood that the number is not included, and if "greater than", "lower" or "inner" is referred to, it is understood that the number is included. If reference is made to "first" or "second", this should be understood to distinguish between features and not to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of indicated features or to implicitly indicate the precedence of the indicated features.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a frequency offset estimation method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, receiving a training sequence sent by a sending end, wherein the training sequence at least comprises two training symbols;
the specific training symbols include: short training sequence STF or long training sequence LTF.
S102, calculating an initial estimation value f of carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol0；
S102, according to the initial estimated value f of the carrier frequency offset0Performing frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol;
and S104, calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation.
In the embodiment, the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset is calculated for the training symbol, the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset is compensated to the next training symbol, and the carrier residual frequency offset value is calculated according to the training symbol after frequency offset compensation, so that the precision of frequency offset estimation is effectively improved.
In another embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of:
converting the training symbols into a frequency domain, and calculating channel estimation values of the training symbols;
converting the channel estimation value into a time domain to obtain a time domain sequence;
and screening an initial time domain effective value sequence from the time domain sequence according to the multipath signal effective value estimation. And calculating a selected threshold by using the power of the time domain sequence and the white noise power, and screening an initial time domain effective value sequence by using the power of the time domain sequence and the selected threshold.
By carrying out frequency offset estimation calculation on the channels screened by the multipath effective value, the influence on the carrier frequency offset estimation accuracy under the multipath channel environment can be effectively reduced.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a specific training sequence including 8 training symbols S1-S8, in this embodiment, the estimated value f of the carrier frequency offset is calculated through S1 and S20The carrier residual frequency offset values are calculated from S3 to S8.
It should be noted that the initial estimation value f for estimating the carrier frequency offset0The number of training symbols in (a) is not limited, and may include one or more training symbols, and the number of training symbols used for calculating the carrier residual frequency offset value is also not limited, which is only schematically illustrated in this embodiment, and specifically includes the steps of:
s201, converting the first training symbol S1 and the second training symbol S2 to frequency domain, and calculating the channel estimation value of the training symbols as HPIn which H isPIs { H }P1,HP2,HP3,...,HPn}，PnIs the nth channel estimation value in the P-th training symbol, and converts the channel estimation value into a time domain to obtain a time domain sequence { h }P1, hP2,hP3,...,hPn}。
S202, according to the multipath signal effective value estimation, screening an initial time domain effective value sequence from the time domain sequence;
specifically, in this embodiment, the power _ h and the white noise power _ noise of the time domain sequence are used to calculate the selected threshold thresh _ h _ usefull, and the power _ h and the selected threshold thresh _ h _ usefull of the time domain sequence are used to screen out the initial time domain effective value sequence.
S203, calculating an initial estimation value f of the carrier frequency offset according to the screened initial time domain effective value sequence0，
Wherein f is0Is an initial estimate of the carrier frequency offset, fsIs the sampling frequency, N is the channel estimate HPU is the set of effective paths screened out according to the estimation of the effective value estimation of the multipath signal, angle is the argument,
and
the initial time domain significant value sequences, such as the time domain sequence { h } of S1, are screened out from the symbol S1 and the symbol S2 respectivelyP1,hP2,hP3,...,hPnAnd after the multipath signal effective value estimation screening is carried out, screening m-3 effective paths, namely P1, P2 and P5 respectively, then obtaining the multipath signal effective value estimation screening method
Is { hP1,hP2,…,hPn}。
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a simulation result of a frequency offset estimation value of a channel carrier of an apparatus ETU300 under a bandwidth of 5M, where a curve 1 is an initial estimation value frequency offset estimation that takes into account the influence of multipath efficiency in this embodiment, and a curve 2 is not an initial estimation value frequency offset estimation that uses the frequency offset estimation method in this embodiment, and the lower the signal-to-noise ratio is, the smaller the residual frequency offset that uses the frequency offset estimation value in this embodiment is, the more accurate it is.
S204, according to the initial estimation value f of the carrier frequency offset0Performing frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol S3, performing descrambling and decision extraction on the training symbol S3 subjected to frequency offset compensation to obtain S3 coded data, then performing subcarrier combination, performing modulation mapping on the combined data, and calculating the residual deviation of the carrier
Specifically, based on the initial estimated value f0Calculating a compensation value S 'of the carrier frequency offset final value estimation symbol'k，
Wherein e represents an exponential operation, SkIs the symbol, S ', of the frequency offset to be compensated'kIs the symbol after compensation of the frequency offset, f0And k is the serial number of the training symbol, and k is 3.
S205, calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s301, estimating a compensation value S 'of the symbol according to the carrier frequency offset final value'kCalculating the residual deviation of the carrier
Residual deviation of carrier
Specific calculation method and initial estimation value f of carrier frequency offset0The same is not described herein again.
S302, according to the initial estimation value f0And the residual deviation
Calculating an updating value f of the carrier frequency offset;
And S303, substituting the updated value of the carrier frequency offset into the next training symbol, and calculating the residual carrier deviation and the updated value of the carrier frequency offset until the final estimated value of the carrier frequency offset is calculated.
Concretely, the updated value f of the carrier frequency offset is substituted into the formula
Calculating a compensation value S 'of a carrier frequency offset final value estimation symbol S4'k(k-4), to S'k(k is 4) descrambling, demapping, hard decision, subcarrier merging and correlation calculation process, calculating residual deviation
And repeating the steps until the final value of the carrier frequency offset is traversed to estimate the symbol { S3, S4 … S8}, and finally obtaining a more accurate estimated value of the carrier frequency offset.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a simulation result of a carrier frequency offset estimation value of an ETU300 channel of a device under a condition of a bandwidth of 5M, where a curve 3 is a residual frequency offset of the carrier frequency offset by using the frequency offset estimation method of this embodiment, and a curve 4 is a residual frequency offset of the carrier frequency offset by not using the frequency offset estimation method of this embodiment, and under a condition that a signal-to-noise ratio is lower, a residual frequency offset by using the frequency offset estimation value in this embodiment is smaller, and an estimation result is more accurate.
The frequency offset estimation method in this embodiment can be summarized by referring to fig. 5, where a plurality of training symbols are converted into a frequency domain, and a channel estimation value of the training symbols is calculated as HPAnd converting the channel estimation value into a time domain to screen out a time domain sequence hPnScreening m time domain effective value sequences of initial values from the sequence of the initial values
Considering the influence of multipath efficiency, the time domain effective value sequence of the initial value
After effectiveness comparison, further screening the time domain effective value sequence of the initial value, carrying out carrier frequency offset estimation on the screened time domain effective value sequence of the initial value, and calculating an initial value f of the carrier frequency offset estimation0Estimating an initial value f of the carrier frequency offset0Compensating to the next training symbol, performing signal processing such as descrambling, merging, demapping, judging and merging on the next training symbol, modulating and demodulating the next training symbol, calculating residual frequency offset, updating the last frequency offset estimation according to the residual frequency offset, repeating the steps until all the training symbols are traversed, and outputting the final value of the frequency offset estimation.
In the embodiment, the carrier frequency offset is calculated by performing correlation operation on the channel estimation result subjected to effective path estimation screening, so that the influence on the carrier frequency offset estimation accuracy in a multipath channel environment is reduced, the carrier residual offset of a subsequent symbol is tracked, and the carrier frequency offset estimation value is updated in a variable weight coefficient weighting mode, so that the problem of large residual offset after carrier frequency offset estimation is solved, and the problem of inaccurate carrier frequency offset estimation in a low signal-to-noise ratio environment is solved.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation apparatus, including:
the signal receiving module is used for receiving a training sequence of a training symbol sent by a sending end, wherein the training symbol comprises a carrier frequency offset initial value estimation symbol and a carrier frequency offset final value estimation symbol;
the carrier frequency offset initial estimation module is used for calculating an initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol;
the carrier frequency offset compensation module is used for carrying out frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol according to the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset;
and the carrier residual frequency offset value estimation module is used for calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation. Initial estimate one embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the frequency offset estimation method.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a frequency offset estimation apparatus, including:
at least one processor, and,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the frequency offset estimation method.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the frequency offset estimation method.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, wherein the units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e. may be located in one place, or may also be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A method of frequency offset estimation, comprising:
receiving a training sequence sent by a sending end, wherein the training sequence at least comprises two training symbols;
calculating an initial estimation value f of the carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol0；
According to the initial estimation value f of the carrier frequency offset0Performing frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol;
and calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation.
2. The frequency offset estimation method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
converting the training symbols into a frequency domain, and calculating channel estimation values of the training symbols;
converting the channel estimation value into a time domain to obtain a time domain sequence;
and screening an initial time domain effective value sequence from the time domain sequence according to the multipath signal effective value estimation.
3. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 2, wherein said selecting an initial time domain significant value sequence from said time domain sequence according to the multipath signal significant value estimation comprises: and calculating a selected threshold by using the power of the time domain sequence and the white noise power, and screening an initial time domain effective value sequence by using the power of the time domain sequence and the selected threshold.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the training symbols comprise a first training symbol S1 and a second training symbol S2;
converting the first training symbol S1 and the second training symbol S2 to frequency domain, calculating the channel estimation value of the training symbols as HPIn which H isPIs { H }P1,HP2,HP3,...,HPn}，PnIs the nth channel estimation value in the P-th training symbol, and converts the channel estimation value into a time domain to obtain a time domain sequence { h }P1,hP2,hP3,...,hPn}。
5. The frequency offset estimation method according to claim 2, wherein the initial estimation value for calculating the carrier frequency offset according to the initial time domain effective value sequence is:
wherein f is0Is an initial estimate of the carrier frequency offset, fsIs the sampling frequency, N is the channel estimate HPThe length of U is the set of effective paths screened out according to the effective value estimation of the multipath signal, angle is the argument,
and
and calculating screened effective path sequence values from the obtained channel response values respectively for the first training symbol S1 and the second training symbol S2.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbols after frequency offset compensation comprises:
initial estimation value f using carrier frequency offset0And carrying out carrier frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol to obtain a compensated training symbol S'k；
The compensated training symbol S'kPerforming descrambling, demapping, subcarrier merging and demapping to calculate carrier residual deviation
According to the initial estimated value f0And the residual deviation
And calculating an updated value f of the carrier frequency offset.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the compensated training symbols S'kComprises the following steps:
wherein e represents an exponential operation, SkIs the symbol, S ', of the frequency offset to be compensated'kIs the symbol after compensation of the frequency offset, f0And k is the serial number of the training symbol and the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset.
8. A frequency offset estimation apparatus, comprising:
the signal receiving module is used for receiving a training sequence of a training symbol sent by a sending end, wherein the training symbol comprises a carrier frequency offset initial value estimation symbol and a carrier frequency offset final value estimation symbol;
the carrier frequency offset initial estimation module is used for calculating an initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset according to the training symbol;
the carrier frequency offset compensation module is used for carrying out frequency offset compensation on the next training symbol according to the initial estimation value of the carrier frequency offset;
and the carrier residual frequency offset value estimation module is used for calculating a carrier residual frequency offset value according to the training symbol after the frequency offset compensation.
9. A frequency offset estimation apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor, and,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the frequency offset estimation method of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the frequency offset estimation method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN113938367A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | SC-FDE system frequency offset estimation method using phase difference successive approximation |
| CN114079607A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-22 | 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 | Frequency offset detection method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN114189420A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-03-15 | 北京航天驭星科技有限公司 | Satellite carrier synchronization method, device, equipment and medium based on compressed frame |
| CN114301745A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-08 | 深圳市联平半导体有限公司 | Method and device for determining carrier frequency offset and sampling frequency offset |
| CN114338325A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳市联平半导体有限公司 | Method and device for determining carrier frequency offset and sampling frequency offset |
| CN116405354A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-07-07 | 北京奕斯伟计算技术股份有限公司 | Carrier frequency offset estimation method, device, chip and computer-readable storage medium |
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