CN111718665B - Adhesive film for packaging photovoltaic module with multilayer structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a back layer adhesive film for packaging a photovoltaic module with a multilayer structure. The back layer adhesive film for packaging the photovoltaic module comprises an upper bonding layer, a foaming layer and a lower bonding layer which are sequentially superposed, wherein at least one structural layer of the upper bonding layer, the foaming layer and the lower bonding layer contains peroxide. Compared with the common adhesive film, the back adhesive film has lower modulus, and can greatly reduce the risks of fragment, hidden crack, grid breakage and the like of the battery piece in the packaging and using processes.

Description

A kind of adhesive film for encapsulation of multi-layer structure photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof

This application is a divisional application based on a patent application with an application date of August 11, 2017, an application number of 201710684937.9, and an invention titled "An adhesive film for encapsulating photovoltaic modules with a multilayer structure and its preparation method".

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic applications, and relates to an adhesive film for encapsulating a photovoltaic module with a multilayer structure and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

With the increasingly severe energy and environmental problems, the utilization of clean and renewable energy is urgent. Among them, photovoltaic power generation technology has developed rapidly and become increasingly mature, and the application of photovoltaic cells is gradually becoming popular. In order to further improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells, reduce preparation costs, and achieve grid parity, new cell and module technologies are constantly being developed. For example, the conversion efficiency of PERC batteries is significantly higher than that of ordinary batteries, and the market share is also increasing year by year. The development of new module technologies such as multi-busbar, busbar-free, half-cell, and shingled tiles has greatly improved the power of modules compared with ordinary photovoltaic modules. With the development of technology, the thickness of the battery sheet is gradually reduced. However, compared with ordinary photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic modules using the above cell technology and module technology have significantly increased risks of cell fragmentation, hidden cracks, and broken grids during service, and even the probability of occurrence during the production process of cells or modules Also larger.

The packaging material plays the role of bonding protection in the module, and conventional packaging materials such as EVA film can increase the reliability of the module to a certain extent. However, for high-efficiency new batteries and components that are conventionally packaged, reliability issues cannot be ignored, and more stringent requirements are put forward for packaging materials.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a multi-layer structure photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film, which has a lower modulus than ordinary adhesive films, and greatly reduces the fragmentation of the battery sheet during packaging and use. , Hidden cracks, grid breaks and other risks, and effectively solve the problems of severe water absorption and reduced cohesion caused by the cell structure.

A multi-layer structure photovoltaic module encapsulation adhesive film is characterized in that the encapsulation adhesive film comprises a three-layer structure such as an upper bonding layer, a foaming layer and a lower bonding layer, and the foaming layer is located in the Between the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer; the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer are both composed of 100 parts by weight of the main material of the adhesive layer and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of auxiliary agents, so The foam layer is composed of 100 parts by weight of the main material of the foam layer, 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of an auxiliary agent, and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent; at least one layer of the auxiliary agent in the three-layer structure contains 0.01-3 parts by weight of peroxide.

Further, the auxiliary agent is: one or more mixtures of 0.1 to 5 parts of auxiliary crosslinking agent, 0.1 to 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 0.1 to 3 parts of antioxidant, and 0.1 to 5 parts of coupling agent ;

The auxiliary cross-linking agent is polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate, preferably triallyl isosulfate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropyl trimethacrylate, bismethacrylic acid One or more mixtures of ethylene glycol acrylate;

The ultraviolet absorber is composed of one or more of salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles, triazines and hindered amines mixed in any proportion, preferably composed of 2-(2'-Hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone One or more of them are mixed in any proportion;

Described antioxidant is by one or more in antioxidant 245, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1035, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1135 and antioxidant 3114 according to arbitrary formulating than mixed composition;

Described coupling agent is silane coupling agent, by γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-(2,3- Glycidoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyl One or more of methyldimethoxysilane, diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, dichloromethyltriethoxysilane and vinyltrimethoxysilane are mixed in any proportion.

Auxiliary crosslinking agent can speed up crosslinking speed and reduce peroxide bubbles; UV absorber can increase weather resistance; silane coupling agent can increase adhesive strength.

Further, at least one layer of the three-layer structure is doped with 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of molecular sieve material or water-absorbing material, the molecular sieve material is preferably 3A, 4A, 5A type molecular sieve, and the water-absorbing material is preferably calcium oxide , magnesium oxide, zinc oxide in one or more mixtures.

Further, the thickness of the foam layer is 20-800 μm, the cell diameter is 5-500 μm, the cell rate is 10%-80%, the pre-crosslinking degree of the foam layer is 5%-80%, and the adhesive The degree of pre-crosslinking of the junction layer is 10%-60%.

Further, the main material of the adhesive layer is obtained by mixing one or more of EVA, POE, polyacrylate in any proportion, and the main material of the foam layer is made of EVA, POE, PP, PE, It is obtained by mixing one or more of polyester, polyurethane and polyamide in any proportion.

Further, the peroxide is composed of two (4-methylbenzoyl) peroxide, tert-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 bis(tert-butyl peroxide) Oxy)hexane, 1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butyl peroxycarbonate-2-ethylhexyl, 2,5-dimethyl Base-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1 bis(tert-amyl Peroxy)-3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(tert-amylperoxy)cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, 2, 2-bis(tert-butylperoxy)butane, 2-ethylhexyl peroxide tert-amyl carbonate, 2,5-dimethyl 2,5-bis(benzoylperoxy)-hexane, peroxide One or more of tert-amyl carbonate, 3,3,5-trimethylhexanoate tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide are mixed in any proportion; The foaming agent is a physical foaming agent or a chemical foaming agent, and the physical foaming agent is one or more of an inert gas, a low boiling point liquid, a core-shell microsphere foaming agent or a hollow glass microsphere according to any configuration. The chemical blowing agent is obtained by mixing one or more of sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, azo compound, sulfonyl hydrazine compound or nitroso compound in any proportion.

Further, the upper surface of the upper adhesive layer is flat or has a regular concave-convex structure, and the regular concave-convex structure is spherical protrusions, conical protrusions, prism protrusions or micro-prism structure protrusions.

Further, the upper bonding layer is a colored adhesive film, which is realized by adding colored fillers to the main material of the upper bonding layer, and the colored fillers are titanium dioxide, high-gloss barium sulfate, hollow glass microspheres, Carbon black or other colored fillers; the added amount of the fillers is 1-10 parts by weight.

A method for preparing the adhesive film for encapsulating the above-mentioned multilayer structure photovoltaic module, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Mix 100 parts by weight of the main material of the foam layer, 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of additives, and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent, and melt and extrude the foam layer at a temperature of 75 to 120°C;

(2) Set a high-temperature foaming chamber at the exit of the extrusion casting die or after casting into a film. The heating temperature of the foaming chamber is 90-150°C, and the foaming time is 0.5-10 minutes, so that cells are formed in the foaming layer structure;

(3) Mix 100 parts by weight of the main material of the adhesive layer and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of additives evenly, and apply them on both sides of the foam layer by spraying, scraping, roller coating, etc. to form the upper and lower adhesive layers;

(4) Pre-crosslink the main material of the foam layer and the main material of the upper adhesive layer by UV irradiation, electron beam irradiation or infrared irradiation, the irradiation time is 1-15min, and the irradiation dose is 0.01-0.1kWh/m ^2. Obtain an adhesive film for encapsulating a multilayer structure photovoltaic module.

A method for preparing the adhesive film for encapsulating the above-mentioned multilayer structure photovoltaic module, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Mix 100 parts by weight of the foam layer main material, 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of auxiliary agents, and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of foaming agent, and mix 100 parts by weight of the main material of the adhesive layer, 0.1 to 15 parts by weight Mix the additives in one part evenly, and prepare a film with a three-layer structure including an upper adhesive layer, a foaming layer, and a lower adhesive layer by three-layer co-extrusion;

(2) Set a high-temperature foaming chamber at the exit of the extrusion casting die or after casting into a film. The heating temperature of the foaming chamber is 90-150°C, and the foaming time is 0.5-10 minutes, so that cells are formed in the foaming layer structure;

(3) Pre-crosslink the main material of the foam layer and the main material of the upper adhesive layer by UV irradiation, electron beam irradiation or infrared irradiation, the irradiation time is 1-15min, and the irradiation dose is 0.01-0.1kWh/m ^2. Obtain an adhesive film for encapsulating a multilayer structure photovoltaic module.

Furthermore, in the above preparation method, before the radiation process, the desired microstructure can be prepared on the upper surface of the upper adhesive layer by using a patterned roller engraved with the desired microstructure.

The adhesive film for encapsulating a photovoltaic module with a multilayer structure provided by the invention can be applied to the back layer of the photovoltaic module encapsulation. The film laying and component lamination process are the same as when using the existing conventional encapsulation film.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in: 1) the encapsulation adhesive film with a foam structure, its lower elastic modulus can enhance the cushioning capacity of the adhesive film, and reduce the fragmentation, hidden cracks, and fractures of the battery sheet during the production and service of the module; The risk of mechanical damage such as the grid; 2) The regular concave-convex structure on the upper surface of the adhesive film can enhance the multi-angle reflection of light, so that the light incident on the gap between the cells can be reused and the power of the module can be improved; 3) The upper and lower adhesive layers can Enhance the bonding strength of the adhesive film to the cell, the back plate (polymer or glass) and the upper layer of the adhesive film, and effectively solve the problem of the adhesive force of the foamed adhesive film; 4) The packaging adhesive film is mixed with water-absorbing materials or molecular sieves, which can effectively Eliminate the water absorption problem of the foam layer and prevent the battery components from being damaged by water vapor. 5) The three-layer structure design effectively prevents appearance defects such as overflow and wrinkles of the single foam layer film during component lamination; 6) Adds a shaping process to ensure the cell structure in the foam layer and the microscopic surface in the upper adhesive layer The structure still maintains the original structure after the photovoltaic module is laminated, and exerts beneficial effects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the adhesive film used for encapsulation of a multi-layer structure photovoltaic module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bonding layer on the adhesive film for encapsulating the multi-layer structure photovoltaic module in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure, 100-photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film, 110-upper adhesive layer, 120-foaming layer, 130-lower adhesive layer, 111-surface microstructure of upper adhesive layer, 112-main body of upper adhesive layer.

Detailed ways

The adhesive film for encapsulating multi-layer photovoltaic modules provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be pointed out that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, rather than limiting it in any way.

Example 1

100 parts by weight of the foam layer main material POE, 6.1 parts by weight of auxiliary agents (including 0.1 parts of co-crosslinking agent isoamyl triallyl ester, 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber 2-(2'-hydroxyl-5'- Methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 3 parts of antioxidant 1035), 10 parts by weight of the core-shell microsphere foaming agent are mixed evenly, and the foaming layer is melted and extruded, and the extrusion temperature is 90 ° C;

A high-temperature foaming chamber is set up after tape-casting to form a film. The heating temperature of the foaming chamber is 130° C., the optimum foaming temperature of the foaming agent, and the foaming time is 10 minutes to prepare a foamed layer 120 with a cell structure;

100 parts by weight of transparent EVA, 12.1 parts by weight of auxiliary agents (including 3 parts of auxiliary crosslinking agent triallyl cyanurate, 2 parts of UV absorber 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxybenzophenone, 0.1 parts Antioxidant 1010, 2 parts of coupling agent γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl blue methoxysilane, 5 parts of peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 bis(tert-butyl peroxy) hexane), 10 parts by weight of 5A molecular sieves are mixed evenly, and are coated on one side of the foam layer by spraying to form the lower adhesive layer 120, and then 100 parts by weight of white EVA, 12.1 parts by weight and lower adhesive layer Mix the same additives and 10 parts by weight of titanium dioxide uniformly, and spray on the other side of the foam layer to form an upper bonding layer 110, and then pass through a patterned roller engraved with the required microstructure to bond on the upper layer. Prepare the desired microstructure 111 on the upper surface of the layer;

The main material of the foam layer and the main material of the upper adhesive layer are pre-crosslinked by electron beam radiation, the irradiation time is 1min, and the irradiation dose is 0.05kWh/m ² , to obtain the adhesive film 100 for encapsulating the multilayer structure photovoltaic module.

Example 2

With the EVA of 100 parts by weight, the auxiliary agent of 4.1 parts by weight (comprising 3 parts of co-crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.1 part of ultraviolet absorber 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxybenzophenone, 1 part 1135 parts of antioxidant), 0.5 parts by weight of the azo compound chemical foaming agent are mixed evenly, and the foaming layer is melted and extruded, and the extrusion temperature is 75 ° C;

A high-temperature foaming chamber is set at the exit of the extrusion casting die, the heating temperature of the foaming chamber is 150° C., and the foaming time is 0.5 min, to prepare a foamed layer 120 with a cell structure;

With 100 parts by weight of transparent EVA, 9.1 parts by weight of auxiliary agents (including 1 part of auxiliary crosslinking agent triallyl cyanurate, 2 parts of UV absorber 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxybenzophenone, 3 parts Antioxidant 1076, 0.1 part of coupling agent diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, 3 parts of peroxide 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5 trimethylcyclo hexane), 0.1 parts by weight of calcium oxide are mixed evenly, and are coated on one side of the foam layer by spraying to form the lower adhesive layer 120, and then 100 parts by weight of white EVA, 9.1 parts by weight of the same adhesive layer as the lower adhesive layer Auxiliaries, 5 parts by weight of high-gloss barium are mixed evenly, sprayed on the other side of the foam layer to form an upper adhesive layer 110, and then passed through a patterned roller engraved with the required microstructure, and prepared on the upper surface of the upper adhesive layer. Produce the required microstructure 111;

The main material of the foam layer and the main material of the upper adhesive layer are pre-crosslinked by electron beam irradiation, the irradiation time is 15min, and the irradiation dose is 0.1kWh/m ² , so as to obtain the adhesive film 100 for encapsulating the multilayer photovoltaic module.

Example 3

100 parts by weight of POE, 9.1 parts by weight of auxiliary agents (comprising 5 parts of co-crosslinking agent trimethylol propyl trimethacrylate, 3 parts of UV absorber 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 0.1 part of antioxidant 1010, 1 part of peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 two (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane), 10 parts by weight of core-shell microsphere blowing agent mix homogeneously, will 100 parts by weight of transparent EVA, 9 parts by weight of auxiliary agents (comprising 1 part of co-crosslinking agent trimethylol propyl trimethacrylate, 2 parts of UV absorber 2-(2'-hydroxyl-5'-methylbenzene base) benzotriazole, 3 parts of antioxidant 1098, 5 parts of coupling agent γ-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane, 3 parts of peroxide tert-butyl peroxycarbonate-2-ethylhexyl) , 0.5 parts by weight of the 4A molecular sieve are mixed evenly, and the transparent EVA of 100 parts by weight and 9 parts by weight of auxiliary agents are mixed uniformly;

Through three-layer co-extrusion, a three-layer film consisting of an upper bonding layer 110, a foaming layer 120 and a lower bonding layer 130 is cast. The extrusion temperature is 120°C. After casting, the desired microstructure is engraved. A patterned roller is used to prepare the required microstructure 111 on the upper surface of the upper bonding layer;

Set up a high-temperature foaming chamber after film casting, the heating temperature of the foaming chamber is 90°C, the optimum foaming temperature of the foaming agent, and the foaming time is 3 minutes, so that the foaming layer 120 in the three-layer structure produces cells;

(4) Pre-crosslink the main material of the foam layer and the main material of the upper adhesive layer by infrared irradiation, the irradiation time is 15min, and the irradiation dose is 0.03kWh/m ² , to obtain a multilayer structure photovoltaic module encapsulation adhesive film 100 ;

Comparative example 1

An adhesive film for encapsulating photovoltaic modules with a multilayer structure, the structure and materials of which are consistent with those in Example 1, and are not shaped by electron beam irradiation during the preparation process.

Comparative example 2

An adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation, consisting of a single foam layer, the formulation of the foam layer and the main material are consistent with Example 2, and the preparation process of the foam layer is that a chemical foaming agent, a main material, and an auxiliary agent are mixed uniformly, at 90 Extrude and cast at 130°C and complete foaming through a high-temperature foaming chamber at 130°C.

Comparative example 3

An adhesive film for encapsulating photovoltaic modules, the structure and materials of which are the same as in Example 2, but no water-absorbing material is added to the lower adhesive layer. The preparation process is consistent with Example 2.

The multilayer structure photovoltaic module encapsulation adhesive film (hereinafter referred to as the adhesive film of the present invention) that obtains by above-mentioned embodiment is applied to the encapsulation of solar cell assembly, evaluates through following test method:

1. Bond strength of glass/encapsulation film

The test method refers to the national standard GB/T2790 "Adhesive 180° peel strength test method for flexible materials versus rigid materials".

Sample making: get 3mm thick glass, adhesive film of the present invention, EVA adhesive film, TPT backboard, put into vacuum laminator by glass/EVA adhesive film/adhesive film of the present invention/backboard order, at 145 ℃, laminate Cure for 15 minutes.

Test on the tensile machine, the peeling speed is 100mm/min, record the tensile strength value.

2. Packaging film reflectivity

Sample making: Take the encapsulating adhesive film, put it into a vacuum laminator in the order of release film/adhesive film of the present invention/release film, and laminate and cure for 15 minutes at 145°C. Take out the laminated film for testing.

Measure the reflectance at 400-700nm of the adhesive film with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

3. Water vapor transmission rate of packaging film

Sample making: Take the encapsulating adhesive film, put it into a vacuum laminator in the order of release film/adhesive film of the present invention/release film, and laminate and cure for 15 minutes at 145°C. Take out the laminated film for testing.

Measured with a water vapor transmission rate meter.

4. Aging test

Put the sample for glass/encapsulation film bonding strength test into the humid heat aging box, 85°C, 85% humidity, take it out after 1000h, and measure the glass/encapsulation film bonding strength and yellowing. Yellowing was measured using a spectrophotometer with the glass side facing the light source.

5. Observation of foaming situation

Sample making: Sample making: take the encapsulating adhesive film, put it into the vacuum laminator in the order of release film/adhesive film of the present invention/release film, and laminate and cure for 15 minutes at 145°C. Take out the laminated film for testing.

Observation method: Use a strong light flashlight to place on the back of the film, and observe from the front of the film.

Table 1 shows the comparison of the encapsulation properties of the adhesive film prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example. From the data in the table, it can be seen that the adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation obtained in the embodiment has higher reflectivity, larger peel strength, lower water vapor transmission rate, excellent aging performance and ability to maintain after module lamination. The original cell structure. Although the adhesive film in Comparative Example 1 has similar properties, it cannot maintain the original cell structure after the module is laminated. The adhesive film in Comparative Example 2 has low reflectivity, low peel strength, and high water vapor transmission rate. , After aging, the yellowing is very large, and the overall performance is poor. The water vapor transmission rate of the adhesive film in Comparative Example 3 is relatively high.

The encapsulation property comparison that table 1 embodiment and comparative example make

In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention. Of course, these changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. a kind of multilayer structure photovoltaic module encapsulation back layer adhesive film is characterized in that, described photovoltaic module encapsulation back layer adhesive film comprises successively stacked upper adhesive layer, foaming layer and lower adhesive layer, so The foam layer and the upper adhesive layer are each independently a pre-crosslinked film, and the upper surface of the upper adhesive layer has a regular concave-convex structure, and the regular concave-convex structure is spherical protrusions, conical protrusions, Prismatic protrusions or micro-prism structure protrusions, The raw materials for forming the upper adhesive layer and the raw materials for forming the lower adhesive layer each independently include 100 parts by weight of the main material of the adhesive layer and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of auxiliary agents, and the auxiliary agents contain peroxide; At least one of the upper bonding layer, the foaming layer and the lower bonding layer is mixed with molecular sieve material or water-absorbing material. 2. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the raw material that forms described foam layer comprises the main material of foam layer of 100 parts by weight, the auxiliary agent of 0.1～15 parts by weight , 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a blowing agent. 3. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, the auxiliary agent comprises: 0.1~5 parts of auxiliary crosslinking agent, 0.1~3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 0.1~3 parts of anti One or more mixtures of oxygen agent and 0.1~5 parts of coupling agent. 4 . The back adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 3 , wherein the auxiliary crosslinking agent is multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate. 5. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described co-crosslinking agent is triallyl cyanurate, trimethylol propyl trimethacrylate, bismethacrylic acid One or more mixtures of ethylene glycol acrylate. 6. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described ultraviolet absorber is salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles, three One or more of oxazines and hindered amines are mixed in any proportion. 7. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 6, wherein the ultraviolet absorber is composed of 2-(2'-hydroxyl-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, One or more of 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxyl-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone are mixed in any proportion. 8. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described antioxidant is by antioxidant 245, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1035, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant One or more of antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1135 and antioxidant 3114 are mixed in any proportion. 9. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described coupling agent is silane coupling agent, is made of gamma -aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, gamma -aminopropyl trimethoxysilane Ethoxysilane γ- (2,3-Glycidoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ -Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ -Mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, N - β -aminoethyl- γ -aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, dichloromethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane One or several kinds are mixed in any proportion. 10. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the upper adhesive layer, the foam layer, and the lower adhesive layer is mixed with 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the molecular sieve material or the water-absorbing material. 11 . The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 10 , wherein the molecular sieve material is any one or a mixture of molecular sieves of types 3A, 4A, and 5A. 12 . The back adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 10 , wherein the water-absorbing material is a mixture of one or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and zinc oxide. 13. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein the foam layer has a thickness of 20-800 μm, a cell diameter of 5-500 μm, and a cell ratio of 10%~80%. 14. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 13, characterized in that, the pre-crosslinking degree of the foam layer is 5%-80%. 15. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 14, characterized in that, the pre-crosslinking degree of the upper adhesive layer is 10%-60%. 16. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that, the main material of the upper adhesive layer and the main material of the adhesive layer of the lower adhesive layer Each independently includes one of EVA, POE, polyacrylate or a variety of mixtures in any proportion. The main material of the foam layer includes one of EVA, POE, PP, PE, polyester, polyurethane, and polyamide. A variety or a variety of mixtures in any proportion. 17. according to the photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claim 1 to 12, is characterized in that, described peroxide is made of two (4-methylbenzoyl) peroxide, t-butyl Isopropyl peroxycarbonate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, 1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl Cyclohexane, tert-butylperoxycarbonate-2-ethylhexyl, 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1 bis(tert-amyl base peroxy)-3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(tert-amylperoxy)cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, 2 , 2-bis(tert-butylperoxy)butane, tert-amyl peroxide 2-ethylhexyl carbonate, 2,5-dimethyl 2,5-bis(benzoylperoxy)-hexane, peroxide It is obtained by mixing one or more of tert-amyl carbonate peroxide, tert-butyl 3,3,5-trimethylhexanoate, dicumyl peroxide and dibenzoyl peroxide in any proportion. 18. The back adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the foaming agent is a physical foaming agent or a chemical foaming agent. 19. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 18, characterized in that, the physical foaming agent is an inert gas, a low-boiling liquid, a core-shell microsphere foaming agent or a hollow glass microsphere One type or multiple types mixed in any proportion. 20. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 18, characterized in that, the chemical foaming agent is sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, azo compound, sulfonyl hydrazine compound or One type of nitro compound or multiple types mixed in any proportion. 21. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, the upper adhesive layer is a colored adhesive film, and the upper adhesive layer contains colored fillers. 22. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 21, wherein the colored filler is titanium dioxide, high-gloss barium sulfate, hollow glass microspheres, carbon black or other colored fillers. 23. The back layer adhesive film for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 21, characterized in that, the added amount of the colored filler is 1-10 parts by weight.

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