CN111663810A - Layout and structure of infectious disease hospital - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a layout structure of an infectious disease hospital, including: a clean passage, a semi-clean passage, a semi-contaminated passage, a polluted passage and a ward, a first buffer zone is arranged between the clean passage and the semi-clean passage, and the The semi-contaminated channel is connected with the semi-clean channel, and the semi-contaminated channel and the contaminated channel are respectively located on both sides of the ward. In the present invention, a first buffer zone is set between the clean channel and the semi-clean channel. When entering the semi-clean channel from the clean channel, protective clothing is worn in the first buffer zone. The clean channel and the pollution channel are located on both sides of the ward respectively. Thereby, the activity space of medical staff and patients is forcibly separated to reduce the risk of infection of medical staff and other patients.

Description

Layout and structure of infectious disease hospital

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of architectural design, in particular to a layout structure of an infectious disease hospital.

Background technique

At the beginning of 2020, the hospital is a place where patients are concentrated, and the risk of infection is extremely high. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the prevention and control of hospitals, cut off the chain of infection, isolate the source of infection, and prevent hospitals from becoming the foci of infectious diseases. However, at present, various areas of many hospitals are connected as one, and professional isolation measures are not used to separate clean areas from polluted areas, which can easily lead to infection of medical staff and other ordinary patients in the hospital, resulting in further deterioration of the epidemic.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a layout structure of an infectious disease hospital. In this layout structure, multiple layers of protective isolation measures are arranged between the clean area and the polluted area, so as to separate the activity space of medical staff and patients as much as possible, and reduce the Risk of infection for healthcare workers and other general patients in the hospital.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a layout structure of an infectious disease hospital, including:

clean passage, semi-clean passage, semi-contaminated passage, polluted passage and ward, a first buffer zone is arranged between the clean passage and the semi-clean passage, the semi-contaminated passage is connected with the semi-clean passage, the The semi-contaminated channel and the contaminated channel are located on two sides of the ward respectively.

The layout structure of the infectious disease hospital according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: a first buffer zone is set between the clean passage and the semi-clean passage, and when entering the semi-clean passage from the clean passage, protective clothing is worn in the first buffer zone, etc. The cleaning channel and the pollution channel are located on two sides of the ward respectively, so as to forcibly isolate the activity space of medical staff and patients, so as to reduce the risk of infection of medical staff and other patients.

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, a first transfer window is provided between the ward and the semi-contaminated channel, and the first transfer window includes two The opening communicated with the ward, the first transfer window is provided with a disinfection device, the two openings can be opened and closed independently, and when one of the openings is in an open state, the other is in a closed state .

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, a second transfer window is provided between the cleaning channel and the first buffer area, and the second transfer window includes two an opening communicating with the channel and the first buffer zone, the second transfer window is provided with a sterilizing device, the two openings can be opened and closed independently, and when one of the openings is in an open state, the other The opening is closed.

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, the first buffer zone includes an entry channel and an exit channel, and the entry channel and the exit channel are arranged separately.

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, the ward includes a second buffer area and a patient area, the patient area is connected to the second buffer area, and the second buffer area is connected to the patient area. The semi-contaminated channel is connected.

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, the air pressure of the semi-contaminated channel is greater than the air pressure of the second buffer zone, and the air pressure of the second buffer zone is greater than the air pressure of the patient area.

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, the wards are provided on both sides of the semi-contaminated aisle, and the contamination channels are matched with the wards on both sides of the semi-contaminated aisle connected with each other.

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the wards are arranged between the semi-contaminated passage and the polluted passage, and the semi-clean passage is connected to a plurality of the semi-contaminated passages .

According to the layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention, a third transfer window is provided between the ward and the pollution channel, and the third transfer window includes two The opening communicated with the pollution channel, the third transfer window is provided with a disinfection device, the two openings can be opened and closed independently, and when one of the openings is in an open state, the other is in a closed state.

The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to other embodiments of the present invention further includes a medical care entrance, a patient entrance and a garbage transport port, the medical care entrance is communicated with the clean passage, and the patient entrance is connected with the pollution passage The medical care entrance is separated from the patient entrance, and the garbage transport port is separated from the medical care entrance.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic top view of the overall layout structure of an infectious disease hospital in the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the ward in FIG. 1 .

Reference number:

Clean channel 100, medical entrance 110, semi-clean channel 200, first buffer area 300, entry channel 310, exit channel 320, semi-contaminated channel 400, contaminated channel 500, patient entrance 510, ward 600, second buffer area 610, Patient area 620, rest area 621, toilet 622, garbage temporary storage room 700, first transfer window 810, second transfer window 820, third transfer window 830, logistics area 910, dormitory area 920, inspection radiology department 930, ICU940 .

Detailed ways

The concept of the present invention and the technical effects produced will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are all within the scope of The scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if the orientation description is involved, for example, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. is based on the accompanying drawings The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a reference to the present invention. limits.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if a certain feature is referred to as "set", "fixed", "connected", "installed" on another feature, it can be directly set, fixed, or connected on another feature, It can also be indirectly disposed, fixed, connected, mounted on another feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if “several” is involved, it means more than one; if it involves “plurality”, it means more than two; ", should be understood as not including this number, if it involves "above", "below", "within", it should be understood as including this number. If it refers to "first" and "second", it should be understood as being used to distinguish technical features, but not as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the indicated The sequence of technical features.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a schematic top view of the overall layout structure of the infectious disease hospital in the first embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, areas such as a clean passage 100 , a semi-clean passage 200 , a semi-contaminated passage 400 , a polluted passage 500 , and a ward 600 are provided. The cleaning channel 100 is located in the center, and runs through the entire ward in the longitudinal direction, and can reach various areas through the cleaning channel 100 . The semi-cleaning channel 200 is arranged in parallel with the cleaning channel 100 , and a first buffer area 300 is provided between the semi-cleaning channel 200 and the cleaning channel 100 . The semi-clean passage 200 is connected to the semi-contaminated passage 400 , and the semi-contaminated passage 400 and the polluted passage 500 are located on two sides of the ward 600 respectively.

A doctor's office, a nurse station, a pharmacy, and the like are arranged in the cleaning channel 100 . The cleaning channel 100 is communicated with the outside world, and the end of the cleaning channel 100 is provided with a medical care entrance 110 , and medical personnel can enter the cleaning channel 100 through the medical care entrance 110 . In addition, supplies are also transported through the cleaning channel 100 . The first buffer zone 300 is provided with an entry channel 310 . The medical staff wear protective equipment such as protective clothing, gloves and masks in the entry channel 310 , and enter the semi-clean channel 200 after wearing. The entry channel 310 is provided with two protective doors, one of which is located at the connection with the clean channel 100 and the other is located at the connection with the semi-clean channel 200. After the medical staff enters, the protective door should be closed as soon as possible to improve the cleanliness of the clean channel 100. . The semi-contaminated passage 400 is connected to the semi-clean passage 200 , and a protective door is provided at the connection. The medical staff opens the protective door and enters the semi-contaminated passage 400 from the semi-clean passage 200 . Although the protective measures of the semi-clean passage 200 and the semi-contaminated passage 400 are basically the same, the addition of the semi-clean passage 200 can hinder the free flow of air and further reduce the infection risk of medical staff. The ward 600 is provided with two protective doors, one is located at the connection with the semi-contaminated channel 400. The medical staff can enter the ward 600 through the door to diagnose and treat the patients. The pollution channel 400; another door is located at the connection with the pollution channel 500, and the patient can enter the pollution channel 500 from this door and walk in the pollution channel 500. Medical staff only need to enter the ward 600 when diagnosing and observing the condition of the patient. At other times, because the patient can only move in the ward 600 and the pollution channel 500, and cannot reach the area where the medical staff is located, it is possible to minimize the number of medical staff and medical staff. Unnecessary patient contact, thereby reducing the risk of infection by healthcare workers.

Referring to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, a first transfer window 810 is provided between the ward 600 and the semi-contaminated channel 400, and the first transfer window 810 is provided with two openings. When one of the openings is opened, the first transfer window 810 and the The ward 600 is connected, and when the other opening is opened, the first transfer window 810 is communicated with the semi-contaminated channel 400, and the two openings cannot be opened at the same time. The first transfer window 810 is provided with a sterilizing device, which can sterilize the articles placed in the first transfer window 810 . When items such as meals, medicines, or clean hospital gowns need to be distributed to patients, in order to minimize contact, the items can be transported from the clean passage 100 to the semi-contaminated passage 400 through the first buffer zone 300 and the semi-clean passage 200 . Open the opening on the side of the first transfer window 810 near the semi-contaminated channel 400, and put the articles in. After the opening on this side is closed, the patient opens the opening on the side of the first transfer window 810 near the ward 600, and takes the articles out. Since the two openings cannot be opened at the same time, the air with germs in the ward cannot flow to the semi-contaminated channel 400 through the first transfer window 810 . In addition, the first transfer window 810 is provided with a disinfection device for disinfection. Even when the patient opens the opening, the air with germs in the ward enters the first transfer window 810, and the germs can be killed after disinfection, thereby reducing the risk of medical staff's downtime. Risk of infection when opening the opening once.

In some embodiments, a second transfer window 820 is provided between the cleaning channel 100 and the first buffer area 300 . Similar to the first transfer window 810 , the second transfer window 820 is also provided with two openings, one of which is located in the cleaning area. On one side of the channel 100 , the other opening is located on the side of the first buffer zone 300 , and the two openings cannot be opened at the same time. The second transfer window 820 is provided with a sterilizing device, which can sterilize the articles placed in the second transfer window 820 . When items such as medicines and meals need to be sent from the cleaning channel 100 into the first buffer zone 300 , it is troublesome to wear protective items. Therefore, the items are put into the second transfer window 820 for transfer. Open the opening on the side of the second transfer window 820 close to the cleaning channel 100, and put items in. After the side opening is closed, the medical staff in the first buffer area 300 opens the second transfer window 820 on the side of the first buffer area 300. Open the mouth and take the item out. Since the two openings cannot be opened at the same time, even if the air in the first buffer zone 300 contains some germs, the germs cannot flow to the cleaning channel 100 through the second transfer window 820 . In addition, a disinfection device is provided in the second transfer window 820 for disinfection. Even if the medical staff in the first buffer zone 300 opens the opening, the air with germs enters the second transfer window 820, and the germs can be killed after disinfection. Therefore, the risk of infection when the medical staff in the cleaning channel 100 opens the opening next time is reduced, and the cleaning channel 100 is not contaminated as much as possible.

In some embodiments, a third transfer window 830 is provided between the ward 600 and the pollution channel 500 , and the structure of the third transfer window 830 is similar to that of the aforementioned transfer window, so it will not be repeated here. The patient puts the finished lunch box and the clothes that need to be changed into the third transfer window 830, and after being sterilized by the disinfection device in the third transfer window 830, the logistics personnel take them out uniformly, and send them to the kitchen and laundry between. The logistics personnel choose to enter the pollution channel 500 during the rest time at night to take away the above items, so as to reduce the contact with patients. At the same time, the logistics staff will take away the garbage in the trash can outside the ward 600 and place it in the garbage temporary storage room 700. There is also a disinfection device in the temporary garbage storage room 700, and the garbage is then transported away after disinfection.

1, in some embodiments, in the first buffer zone 300, the entry channel 310 and the exit channel 320 of the medical staff are arranged separately. When medical staff need to enter the semi-clean aisle 200 from the clean passage 100, they should wear protective equipment through the entry passage 310; Separating the entry channel 310 and the exit channel 320 can reduce the risk of infection by medical personnel who are not yet wearing protective equipment.

In some embodiments, multiple wards 600 are provided between the semi-contaminated channel 400 and the contaminated channel 500 , and medical staff can enter any ward 600 from the semi-contaminated channel 400 . Both sides of the semi-contaminated passage 400 are provided with wards 600 , and the outer sides of the two rows of wards 600 are provided with contamination passages 500 , and the contamination passages 500 are connected. The above layout can make the space more compact and reduce the footprint. Medical staff can enter any ward 600 on both sides through a semi-contaminated channel 400 .

In some embodiments, along the extending direction of the semi-clean channel 200 , there are a plurality of semi-contaminated channels 400 , contaminated channels 500 and a ward 600 . All the pollution channels 500 are connected to increase the patient's activity space and reduce the patient's sense of restraint. Correspondingly, a plurality of entry passages 310 and exit passages 320 are provided, and medical staff can choose the closest location to enter or leave.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , in some embodiments, the ward 600 includes a second buffer area 610 and a patient area 620 , and the patient moves in the patient area 620 . The second buffer area 610 is provided with two protective doors, one of which is located at the connection with the semi-contaminated channel 400 , and the other is located at the connection with the patient area 620 . After passing through the two protective doors of the second buffer zone 610 from the semi-contaminated passage 400, the medical staff enters the patient area 620 to diagnose and treat the patients. After entering, medical staff need to close the door as soon as possible to reduce the outflow of air in the ward 600.

It is conceivable that, in some embodiments, two adjacent patient areas 620 share a second buffer area 610 , and medical staff can enter any one of the left and right patient areas 620 through the second buffer area 610 . Specifically, the two patient areas 620 are located on two sides of the second buffer area 610 respectively, and protective doors are provided at the connection between the second buffer area 610 and the two patient areas 620 . Adopting the above layout can make the structure more compact and reduce the floor space.

In some embodiments, the patient area 620 includes a rest area 621 and a toilet 622 , and the patient bed is arranged in the rest area 621 . Compared with public toilets, equipping each ward 600 with an independent toilet can reduce the frequency of patients leaving the ward and reduce the probability of cross-infection between patients.

In some embodiments, a negative pressure ward 600 is provided. Specifically, the air pressure of the semi-contaminated channel 400 is greater than the air pressure of the second buffer area 610 , and the air pressure of the second buffer area 610 is greater than the air pressure of the patient area 620 . Therefore, the air in the patient area 620 cannot flow to the second buffer area 610 , and the air in the second buffer area 610 cannot flow to the semi-contaminated channel 400 . The air in the patient area 620 is sucked away through a special pipeline, and then discharged into the atmosphere after being sterilized. The gradual decrease in air pressure can prevent the outflow of air with germs in the ward 600, and try to ensure that other areas outside the ward 600 and the pollution channel 500 are not polluted.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, a logistics area 910 is provided on the left side of the entire ward, including a garbage collection station, a water pump room, a liquid oxygen station, a mortuary, and the like. There are multiple garbage transport ports (omitted in the figure) around the edge of the entire ward. After disinfection, the garbage in the ward is transported out from each garbage transport port and sent to the garbage recycling station. Vehicles that have transported garbage also need to go to the washroom regularly for cleaning and disinfection to reduce the chance of germs spreading out.

In some embodiments, there is a patient entrance 510 on the right side of the ward through which the patient arrives for a diagnosis. The patient entrance 510 is communicated with the pollution channel 500. After the patient is diagnosed, the patient arrives at the inspection radiology department 930 through the pollution channel 500 for testing, and then enters the ward 600 for hospitalization. The medical staff in the inspection radiology department 930 generally test the pathological specimens collected from the patients and will not directly contact the patients. Therefore, the medical staff can directly enter the inspection radiology department 930 through the cleaning channel 100 . Of course, in order to further improve the protection level, it is also possible to enter the inspection radiology department 930 after passing through the first buffer zone 300 , the semi-clean passage 200 and the semi-contaminated passage 400 in sequence according to the aforementioned method.

In some embodiments, medical personnel enter the ICU 940 from the clean channel 100 through the semi-contaminated channel 400 . When entering the semi-contaminated channel 400 from the clean channel 100, protective equipment should be worn, and an area similar to the first buffer zone 300 is also provided between the two. The reason why the semi-clean passage 200 is not provided here is that the patients in the ICU 940 are generally very ill, do not have the ability to walk, and have a very small range of motion, and the negative pressure design prevents air from flowing out. Of course, the semi-clean channel 200 can also be added in the aforementioned manner to further improve the protection level.

In some embodiments, the medical entrance 110 and the patient entrance 510 are disposed separately, and are respectively located on two sides of the ward from a top view. Medical staff and patients enter the ward from different entrances, which can reduce the risk of medical staff being infected by patients.

In some embodiments, the medical staff may go to the dormitory area 920 to rest when changing shifts. The dormitory area 920 is set on one side of the medical entrance 110, and the distance is relatively short, which is convenient for medical personnel to visit. In addition, the medical care entrance 110 is separated from the garbage transportation port. In this embodiment, the medical care entrance 110 is located at the lower position in the perspective of FIG. 1 , and the garbage transportation port is located at the left, upper and right positions. Of course, other similar arrangements are also available. Can. Separating the medical care entrance 110 from the waste transport port can further reduce the risk of medical personnel being infected.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, various kind of change. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. The layout structure of the infectious disease hospital is characterized in that, comprising: clean passage, semi-clean passage, semi-contaminated passage, polluted passage and ward, a first buffer zone is arranged between the clean passage and the semi-clean passage, the semi-contaminated passage is connected with the semi-clean passage, the The semi-contaminated channel and the contaminated channel are located on two sides of the ward respectively. 2. The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1, wherein a first transfer window is provided between the ward and the semi-contaminated channel, and the first transfer window comprises two The semi-contaminated channel is connected with the opening of the ward, the first transfer window is provided with a disinfection device, the two openings can be opened and closed independently, and when one of the openings is in an open state, the other is in the open state. The opening is closed. 3. The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1, wherein a second transfer window is provided between the cleaning channel and the first buffer zone, and the second transfer window comprises two The opening communicated with the cleaning channel and the first buffer zone, the second transfer window is provided with a disinfection device, the two openings can be opened and closed independently, and when one of the openings is in an open state, The other said opening is closed. 4 . The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1 , wherein the first buffer zone comprises an entry channel and an exit channel, and the entry channel and the exit channel are arranged separately. 5 . 5. The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1, wherein the ward comprises a second buffer zone and a patient zone, the patient zone is connected to the second buffer zone, and the first buffer zone is connected to the second buffer zone. Two buffers are connected to the semi-contaminated channel. 6 . The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 5 , wherein the air pressure of the semi-contaminated channel is greater than that of the second buffer zone, and the air pressure of the second buffer zone is greater than that of the patient. 7 . air pressure in the area. 7. The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1, wherein the wards are provided on both sides of the semi-contaminated passage, and the wards matched with the wards on both sides of the semi-contaminated passage are provided. The pollution channels communicate with each other. 8 . The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of the wards are arranged between the semi-contaminated passage and the polluted passage, and the semi-clean passage is connected to a plurality of the Semi-contaminated channel connections. 9. The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1, wherein a third transfer window is provided between the ward and the pollution channel, and the third transfer window comprises two The opening communicated between the ward and the pollution channel, the third transfer window is provided with a disinfection device, the two openings can be opened and closed independently, and when one of the openings is in an open state, the other is in an open state. Disabled. 10. The layout structure of an infectious disease hospital according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a medical care entrance, a patient entrance and a garbage transport port, the medical care entrance is communicated with the clean passage, and the patient entrance is connected to the The pollution channel is communicated, the medical care entrance is arranged separately from the patient inlet, and the garbage transport port is arranged separately from the medical care inlet.

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