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CN1116448C - Method for treating waste liquor from final water washing tank used in cation electrodeposition painting - Google Patents

Method for treating waste liquor from final water washing tank used in cation electrodeposition painting Download PDF

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CN1116448C
CN1116448C CN95190856A CN95190856A CN1116448C CN 1116448 C CN1116448 C CN 1116448C CN 95190856 A CN95190856 A CN 95190856A CN 95190856 A CN95190856 A CN 95190856A CN 1116448 C CN1116448 C CN 1116448C
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washing tank
water washing
final water
tank used
filtrate
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CN1135241A (en
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齐藤一雄
水野进二
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Nippon Paint Co Ltd
Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
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Nippon Paint Co Ltd
Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/22Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes
    • C25D13/24Regeneration of process liquids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D61/00Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145Ultrafiltration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D61/00Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145Ultrafiltration
    • B01D61/146Ultrafiltration comprising multiple ultrafiltration steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D61/00Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/16Feed pretreatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D61/00Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/22Controlling or regulating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

This invention aims at providing a method of treating a waste liquor from a final water washing tank used in the cation electrodeposition painting, which method is capable of reutilizing the waste liquor as final water washing water by recovering the waste liquor without discarding the same. A method of treating a waste liquor from a final water washing tank, characterized by the steps of separating the waste liquor, which is discharged from the final water washing tank, into a raw painting material-containing condensed liquid and a filtrate by using a semi-permeable membrane while maintaining the waste liquor pH not higher than 6.4 at all times in a condensation tank, returning the whole or a part of the filtrate to the final water washing tank, and reusing this filtrate as final water washing cleaning water.

Description

阳离子电沉积涂漆中最终水洗槽废液的处理方法Treatment method of final washing tank waste liquid in cationic electrodeposition painting

                      技术领域                      

本发明涉及阳离子电沉积涂漆中最终水洗槽废液的处理方法。The invention relates to a treatment method for the waste liquid of the final washing tank in cationic electrodeposition painting.

                      背景技术 Background technique

电沉积涂漆因其管理容易、经济性等特征而得到广泛应用,技术进步也很显著。其中,从阴离子电沉积涂料转向阳离子电沉积涂料共计才经过15年多一点,尤其是在汽车领域,今天几乎100%都使用阳离子电沉积涂料。阳离子电沉积涂漆不限于汽车领域,也正在进入建材、一般金属制品、电机产品、工业机械等广泛领域。Electrodeposition painting is widely used because of its easy management and economical features, and the technological progress is also remarkable. Among them, it has only been a little over 15 years since the transition from anionic electrodeposition coatings to cationic electrodeposition coatings. Especially in the automotive field, almost 100% of cationic electrodeposition coatings are used today. Cationic electrodeposition coating is not limited to the automotive field, but is also entering a wide range of fields such as building materials, general metal products, electrical products, and industrial machinery.

导致如此适合于汽车等的涂漆的阳离子电沉积涂漆发展的背景,是超滤(UF)特性优异的阳离子电沉积涂料的开发、适用于阳离子电沉积涂漆的超滤膜的开发、以及将这些加以组合的超滤系统的开发。The background leading to the development of cationic electrodeposition paints that are so suitable for painting automobiles and the like is the development of cationic electrodeposition paints excellent in ultrafiltration (UF) characteristics, the development of ultrafiltration membranes suitable for cationic electrodeposition paints, and Development of an ultrafiltration system combining these.

在这样一些发展随之而来的阳离子电沉积涂漆系统中,在使被涂物电沉积之后设置了洗涤工艺。即,被涂物在电沉积槽中电沉积的未干燥涂膜是通过在干燥炉中干燥烘烤而完成涂装的,但在从电沉积槽中提起来的涂膜上附着有槽内涂料、带负电的对离子等。如果就这样将其干燥-烘烤,则会发生称之为垂悬、流动、纹圈、麻点等加工上的不良现象。为避免这种情况发生,一般的电沉积涂漆系统都是在电沉积后经过洗涤工艺再干燥-烘烤。In such cationic electrodeposition painting systems that have been developed subsequently, a washing process is provided after electrodeposition of the object to be coated. That is, the undried coating film electrodeposited by the object to be coated in the electrodeposition tank is finished by drying and baking in a drying oven, but the coating film lifted from the electrodeposition tank is attached with the paint in the tank. , negatively charged counterions, etc. If it is dried and baked as it is, processing defects such as hanging, flowing, ringing, pitting, etc. will occur. In order to avoid this situation, the general electrodeposition paint system is to go through the washing process after electrodeposition and then dry-bake.

电沉积后的洗涤工艺分为将含电沉积槽液或涂料数量较多的洗涤废液过滤、让含涂料成分的回收液返回电沉积槽并将滤液作为洗涤水返回而分别循环再利用的闭合回路水洗涤工艺,和进一步作为其后工序而另外设置的最终水洗工艺的第二工序。前者是用电沉积槽内涂料超滤处理的滤液来洗涤被涂物,因而对被涂物上附着的涂料成分可以进行回收水洗。后者对于进行深度洗涤是极重要的工艺,其现状是用纯水、工业用水、自来水等水进行精洗,洗净前者没能洗掉的稀少涂料成分或对离子等,其水洗废液排出系统外。The washing process after electrodeposition is divided into filtering the washing waste liquid containing a large amount of electrodeposition tank liquid or paint, returning the recovered liquid containing paint components to the electrodeposition tank, and returning the filtrate as washing water to be recycled and reused separately. The loop water washing process, and the second process of the final water washing process provided separately as a subsequent process. The former uses the filtrate treated by ultrafiltration of the paint in the electrodeposition tank to wash the coated object, so the paint components attached to the coated object can be recovered and washed with water. The latter is an extremely important process for deep washing. The current situation is to use pure water, industrial water, tap water and other water for fine washing to wash away the rare paint components or counter ions that the former could not wash off, and the washing waste liquid is discharged. outside the system.

然而,这种最终水洗需要的水量极大,而且这种水洗废液中还含有少量涂料或杂质离子,不允许排到外部,无论从环境角度还是从经济角度来看,都需要最终水洗废液的特别处理技术。However, the amount of water required for this final washing is extremely large, and this washing waste liquid also contains a small amount of paint or impurity ions, which are not allowed to be discharged to the outside. No matter from an environmental point of view or an economic point of view, final washing waste liquid is required special treatment techniques.

但是,这种最终水洗工艺废液中几乎不含有机酸或溶解助剂,由于几乎都是水,因而处于所含少量涂料成分容易析出的状态。因此,这种洗涤废水可以用膜处理精制再利用,但由于在膜处理装置内会发生凝集、堵塞膜孔等问题而难以进行,无法实用化。However, this final washing process waste liquid hardly contains organic acid or dissolution aid, and since it is mostly water, it is in a state where a small amount of paint components contained is easy to precipitate. Therefore, this kind of washing wastewater can be purified and reused by membrane treatment, but it is difficult to carry out due to problems such as agglutination and clogging of membrane pores in the membrane treatment device, and it cannot be put into practical use.

最终水洗工艺废液不废弃而再利用的技术已在特开平7-207495号公报中公开。此公报公开的是,在作为最终水洗工艺而依靠纯水的水洗工艺中,把水洗水超滤得到的超滤滤液作为最终水洗水使用。但该公报中既没有提到超滤处理条件、特别是长时间稳定地继续进行超滤的策略,也没有记载pH调整能实现超滤稳定。The technique of reusing the waste liquid of the final washing process without discarding it has been disclosed in JP-A-7-207495. This gazette discloses that in a washing process that relies on pure water as the final washing process, an ultrafiltration filtrate obtained by ultrafiltration of washing water is used as the final washing water. However, this publication does not mention the ultrafiltration treatment conditions, especially the strategy of continuing the ultrafiltration stably for a long time, nor does it describe that pH adjustment can achieve stable ultrafiltration.

                            发明公开Invention Disclosure

本发明旨在针对如上所述的废液处理困难,使最终洗涤工艺的废液在膜处理装置中不发生凝集、堵塞膜孔而能处理,在使废液中残存的涂料残留物浓缩而达到易于废弃的状态的同时,对大量洗涤废水进行精制,达到可以作为洗涤水再利用的状态,使之成为根本不对外部排水的封闭系统,或者提供能将其精制到可排水状态的技术。The present invention aims at the difficulty of waste liquid treatment as described above, so that the waste liquid of the final washing process can be processed without agglomeration and blockage of membrane pores in the membrane treatment device, and the paint residue remaining in the waste liquid is concentrated to achieve While it is in a state where it is easy to discard, it refines a large amount of washing wastewater to a state where it can be reused as washing water, making it a closed system that does not drain to the outside at all, or providing a technology that can refine it to a drainable state.

本发明涉及最终水洗槽废液的处理方法,其特征在于,在阳离子电沉积涂漆工艺最终水洗槽排出废液的处理方法中使浓缩槽6内废液的pH经常保持在6.4以下,通过使这种废液在配备了半透膜的过滤装置9中循环,将其分离成含涂料成分的浓缩液与滤液。The present invention relates to the treatment method of the waste liquid of the final washing tank, which is characterized in that, in the treatment method of the waste liquid discharged from the final washing tank of the cationic electrodeposition painting process, the pH of the waste liquid in the concentration tank 6 is always kept below 6.4, by making This waste liquid is circulated in the filter unit 9 equipped with a semipermeable membrane, and it is separated into a concentrate containing paint components and a filtrate.

本说明书中最终水洗槽或最终洗涤工艺这样的术语,系指与电沉积涂漆工艺中一般采用的由电沉积槽和洗涤槽构成的所谓闭合回路独立设置的最终精整洗涤中使用的水洗槽或洗涤工艺。The terms such as the final washing tank or the final washing process in this specification refer to the washing tank used in the final finishing washing that is set independently from the so-called closed circuit composed of the electrodeposition tank and the washing tank generally used in the electrodeposition painting process or washing process.

本发明的特征在于由半透膜分离得到的滤液全部或一部分返回最终水洗槽。The present invention is characterized in that all or part of the filtrate separated by the semipermeable membrane is returned to the final washing tank.

本发明的特征还在于在上述循环废液的浓缩槽内浓缩液的浓缩度达到最高200倍的阶段把浓缩液从浓缩槽中抽出。The present invention is also characterized in that the concentrate is drawn out from the concentrate tank at the stage when the concentration of the concentrate in the concentrate tank for circulating waste liquid reaches a maximum of 200 times.

本发明的另一方面涉及最终水洗槽废液的处理方法,其特征在于,在阳离子电沉积涂漆工艺最终水洗槽排出的废液通过在配备了半透膜的过滤装置中循环而分离成含涂料成分的浓缩液与滤液的最终水洗槽废液处理中,半透膜用添加了300~3,000ppm有机酸的滤液反冲洗,使浓缩槽内浓缩液的pH经常保持在6.4以下。Another aspect of the present invention relates to the treatment method of the waste liquid of the final washing tank, which is characterized in that the waste liquid discharged from the final washing tank of the cationic electrodeposition painting process is separated into In the final washing tank waste treatment of the concentrate and filtrate of paint components, the semipermeable membrane is backwashed with the filtrate added with 300-3,000ppm of organic acid, so that the pH of the concentrate in the concentration tank is always kept below 6.4.

在阳离子电沉积涂漆工艺中,最终水洗工艺中水的pH通常是6.0~7.0左右。带出的涂料量是在洗涤后的水中含有0.05~0.2%(重量)左右,pH上升到6.5~7.0左右。如果就这个样子把它送入膜处理装置中,则涂料颗粒通常会在过滤膜上凝集析出。本发明为防止这种情况发生,把浓缩槽6中水的pH调节到通常6.4以下、较好6.0以下、更好的是4.5~6.0的状态再送入配备了半透膜、尤其超滤膜的过滤装置9中。这样只是简单地把洗涤废液的pH调整到6.4以下,废液中的涂料即使在膜处理装置内的压力或剪切条件下也能稳定地存在,不会发生在装置中凝集、堵塞膜孔等现象。这样进行膜处理得到的浓缩液可以使之经由膜连续循环浓缩,可浓缩到容积比大约400倍左右,此时不会发生凝集、堵塞膜孔等麻烦。In the cationic electrodeposition painting process, the pH of the water in the final washing process is usually around 6.0-7.0. The amount of paint carried out is about 0.05-0.2% (weight) in the water after washing, and the pH rises to about 6.5-7.0. If it is sent into the membrane treatment device as it is, the paint particles will usually agglomerate and precipitate on the filter membrane. In order to prevent this from happening, the present invention adjusts the pH of the water in the concentration tank 6 to below 6.4, preferably below 6.0, and more preferably 4.5 to 6.0, and then sends it into a semi-permeable membrane, especially an ultrafiltration membrane. filter unit 9. In this way, the pH of the washing waste liquid is simply adjusted to below 6.4, and the paint in the waste liquid can exist stably even under the pressure or shear conditions in the membrane treatment device, and will not coagulate in the device and block the membrane pores And so on. The concentrated solution obtained by membrane treatment in this way can be continuously concentrated through the membrane, and can be concentrated to a volume ratio of about 400 times. At this time, troubles such as aggregation and clogging of membrane pores will not occur.

而且,滤液可以全部回收、作为最终水洗用水返回最终水洗槽循环再利用,因此,可以达到洗涤废液不排出外部,实质上完全的闭合回路。此外,这种滤液也可以将其全部或一部分排出外部而不必担心会发生环境污染。这种滤液作为最终洗涤水的一部分使用时,令人惊讶的是,即使这样使用也不会在被涂物上形成涂料的微细疙瘩的所谓麻点而沾污涂膜。Moreover, the filtrate can be completely recovered and returned to the final washing tank as the final washing water for recycling and reuse. Therefore, the washing waste liquid can not be discharged to the outside, and a substantially complete closed circuit can be achieved. In addition, this filtrate can also be discharged outside in whole or in part without worrying about environmental pollution. When this filtrate is used as a part of the final wash water, it is surprising that even if it is used in this way, it does not form so-called pitting of paint fine bumps on the object to be coated and stain the coating film.

另一方面,在配备了半透膜的过滤装置9中处理浓缩的循环浓缩液,除涂料成分外的其它固形物成分浓度也会逐渐提高,在浓缩槽内浓缩液的浓缩度达到最高200倍的阶段要从浓缩槽中抽出。抽出的浓缩液数量少,如有必要可进一步浓缩,从而可安全地进行焚烧处理。而且如果作为溶液稳定地予以保留,则也可以返回电沉积槽,经济上更为有利。On the other hand, when the concentrated circulating concentrated liquid is processed in the filtering device 9 equipped with a semi-permeable membrane, the concentration of other solid components except the paint components will gradually increase, and the concentration of the concentrated liquid in the concentration tank reaches the highest 200 times The stage should be withdrawn from the thickening tank. The extracted concentrated liquid is small and can be further concentrated if necessary so that it can be safely incinerated. Furthermore, if it is kept stably as a solution, it can be returned to the electrodeposition tank, which is economically more advantageous.

上述浓缩度系指以运转初期状态为基准的变化率,可以用容积比、不挥发物浓度比、电导性物质含量比等表示,本说明书中用容积比表示。容积比定义为送入浓缩槽内处理的废液总体积与浓缩槽内残存浓缩液体积之比。The above concentration refers to the rate of change based on the initial state of operation, and can be expressed by volume ratio, non-volatile matter concentration ratio, conductive substance content ratio, etc., and is expressed by volume ratio in this specification. The volume ratio is defined as the ratio of the total volume of waste liquid sent to the concentration tank for treatment to the volume of the remaining concentrated liquid in the concentration tank.

运转开始时浓缩槽内的pH调整很困难,因而要在浓缩槽内积存一定量的水洗废液,在直至通过过滤装置的循环开始的运转初期,要把浓缩槽内液体的pH调整到6.0以下,较好4.5~5.5。It is difficult to adjust the pH in the concentration tank at the beginning of operation, so a certain amount of washing waste liquid should be stored in the concentration tank, and the pH of the liquid in the concentration tank should be adjusted to below 6.0 at the beginning of operation until the circulation through the filter device starts. , preferably 4.5 to 5.5.

为了使配备了半透膜的过滤装置的过滤量保持稳定,也可以用酸对过滤装置进行反冲洗(逆洗)。反冲洗是用添加了300~3,000ppm左右的有机酸的滤液定期进行的,要使浓缩槽内的pH能保持通常在6.4以下。In order to stabilize the filtration capacity of a filter unit equipped with a semipermeable membrane, the filter unit can also be backwashed (backwashed) with acid. Backwashing is carried out periodically with the filtrate added with about 300-3,000ppm of organic acid, so that the pH in the concentration tank can be kept below 6.4.

最终水洗槽既可以是单槽的,也可以是2~3槽串级配置的多段式。在多段式的情况下,洗涤水较好是与被涂物的走向相反,即洗涤水从最后一槽流向第一槽的逆流洗涤。在这种情况下,水洗废液从第一槽排出,从过滤装置出来的滤液既可以在最终水洗槽的最后一槽上用于直接洗涤被涂物,也可以返回到最终水洗槽的最后一槽中。The final washing tank can be either a single tank or a multi-stage type with 2 to 3 tanks cascaded. In the case of multi-stage, the washing water is preferably in the opposite direction to the direction of the object to be coated, that is, the washing water flows from the last tank to the first tank for countercurrent washing. In this case, the washing waste liquid is discharged from the first tank, and the filtrate from the filter device can be used to directly wash the coated object in the last tank of the final washing tank, or can be returned to the last tank of the final washing tank. in the slot.

半透膜是反渗透(RO)膜、超滤(UF)膜、精密过滤(MF)膜等,但在进行废液过滤时最好是超滤膜。反渗透膜脱除涂料成分的能力优异,但每单位时间的处理能力小,经济性不好。反之,有超滤以上孔径的膜如精密过滤膜,其膜处理能力优异但涂料成分大量进入滤液中,无法达到排水所需的排水水质标准,把滤液作为最终水洗水再利用时洗涤效果差,有在被涂物上形成涂料的微细疙瘩的所谓麻点而沾污涂膜的问题。超滤膜从处理能力和滤液中的成分两者综合来看,实际应用时是没问题的。超滤膜可以是分子量范围3,000~1,000,000左右,以聚丙烯腈、聚苯乙烯、聚烯烃及其化学改性物等任何一种材料为材质的膜。材质、分子量范围等的适用性因被处理液的情况而异,因而较好事先进行研究、选择。Semipermeable membranes are reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, precision filtration (MF) membranes, etc., but ultrafiltration membranes are best used for waste liquid filtration. The reverse osmosis membrane is excellent in the ability to remove paint components, but the processing capacity per unit time is small, and the economy is not good. On the contrary, membranes with a pore size above ultrafiltration, such as precision filtration membranes, have excellent membrane processing capabilities but a large amount of coating components enter the filtrate, which cannot meet the drainage water quality standards required for drainage. When the filtrate is reused as the final washing water, the washing effect is poor. There is a problem of staining the coating film by forming so-called pockmarks of fine bumps of paint on the object to be coated. From the comprehensive point of view of the processing capacity and the components in the filtrate, the ultrafiltration membrane is no problem in practical application. The ultrafiltration membrane can be a membrane with a molecular weight ranging from 3,000 to 1,000,000 and made of any material such as polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyolefin and its chemical modification. The applicability of the material, molecular weight range, etc. varies with the conditions of the liquid to be treated, so it is best to research and select in advance.

在需要得到更接近于纯水的滤液的情况下,也可以把超滤处理的滤液再进行如图中10所示那样的反渗透处理。这样,可以得到BOD更低的水。When it is necessary to obtain a filtrate closer to pure water, the ultrafiltration filtrate can also be subjected to reverse osmosis treatment as shown in Figure 10. In this way, water with a lower BOD can be obtained.

阳离子电沉积涂漆中最终水洗槽所排出废水的pH如上所述是6.5~7左右,因此,本发明中用酸把浓缩槽的pH调整到6.4以下。适用的酸是有机酸,例如羧酸类、磺酸类、硫酸酯类、磷酸酯类、苯酚类等,但特别好的是水溶性羧酸类。具体地说,可以列举甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、马来酸、富马酸、草酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、草酰乙酸、丙二酸、次氮基三乙酸、邻苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸,以及无机酸如氨基磺酸、碳酸等。特别好的是甲酸、乙酸、乳酸等。也可以使用从隔膜装置排出的电极液。也就是说,隔膜装置是通过设在电沉积槽中的离子交换膜装置,将由电沉积游离的涂料中的酸等阴离子作为阳极液排出电沉积槽外,这可以用于调整pH。The pH of the wastewater discharged from the final washing tank in cationic electrodeposition painting is about 6.5 to 7 as described above. Therefore, in the present invention, acid is used to adjust the pH of the concentration tank to 6.4 or less. Suitable acids are organic acids, such as carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, sulfates, phosphates, phenols, etc., but water-soluble carboxylic acids are particularly preferred. Specifically, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, oxaloacetic acid, malonic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, Phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, and inorganic acids such as sulfamic acid, carbonic acid, etc. Particularly preferred are formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid and the like. Electrode solution discharged from the diaphragm unit can also be used. That is to say, the diaphragm device discharges the anions such as acid in the free paint by electrodeposition as anolyte out of the electrodeposition tank through the ion exchange membrane device arranged in the electrodeposition tank, which can be used to adjust pH.

本发明的最终水洗槽废液处理中,在半透膜前设置适当预过滤器也不会有任何妨碍。In the waste liquid treatment of the final washing tank of the present invention, there is no hindrance to installing an appropriate pre-filter before the semi-permeable membrane.

为了使上述说明更易于理解,以下参照图1来说明本发明。In order to make the above description easier to understand, the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .

在阳离子电沉积涂漆中,在传送机17上悬挂的被涂物18连续移动,首先进入电沉积槽1。在此电沉积涂漆后的被涂物18,随后沿着由第一水洗槽2、第二水洗槽3和第三水洗槽4组成的超滤滤液三级回收水洗工艺线依次运行。在超滤滤液回收水洗工艺中,电沉积槽1的涂料液经超滤装置8过滤得到的滤液从第三水洗槽4进入,沿着与被涂物逆流的方向流到第二水洗槽3、第一水洗槽2,再回流到电沉积槽,在与洗涤被涂物的同时进行未被电沉积涂料的回收。在各水洗槽中,都是将其槽内的洗液喷啉被涂物而循环,过剩的洗液溢流,送到其前一级水洗槽中。In cationic electrodeposition painting, the object 18 suspended on the conveyor 17 moves continuously, and first enters the electrodeposition tank 1 . The object to be coated 18 after electro-deposition painting is then run sequentially along the three-stage ultrafiltration filtrate recovery water washing process line composed of the first water washing tank 2 , the second water washing tank 3 and the third water washing tank 4 . In the ultrafiltration filtrate recovery water washing process, the coating liquid in the electrodeposition tank 1 is filtered by the ultrafiltration device 8, and the filtrate obtained enters from the third washing tank 4, and flows to the second washing tank 3 along the countercurrent direction with the object to be coated. The first water washing tank 2 is then returned to the electrodeposition tank, and the uncoated paint is recovered while washing the object to be coated. In each washing tank, the lotion in the tank is sprayed on the coated object and circulated, and the excess washing liquid overflows and is sent to the previous level of washing tank.

离开第三水洗槽4的被涂物在最终水洗槽5进一步用纯水、工业水、自来水等水洗,然后送到干燥、烘烤工艺。The object to be coated leaving the third washing tank 4 is further washed with pure water, industrial water, tap water, etc. in the final washing tank 5, and then sent to the drying and baking process.

本发明是在以上一般涂漆一水洗工艺的最终水洗工艺,针对其最终水洗槽5实施的。为便于理解起见,以下描述对这个水洗槽5排出*的废水进行膜处理的工艺。在这个最终水洗槽5中,由于与被涂物18一起从前面工艺带入了涂料成分,杂离子等,槽5内的洗涤水被污染。受污染的洗涤液不能继续作为最终水洗水使用,也不能就这样废弃,而将其抽出送到浓缩槽6,再按以下方式分离去除混入物。从浓缩槽6抽出的洗涤废液加酸,使pH调整到经常在6.4以下,然后送到膜处理装置9处理。浓缩液可以进一步通过膜处理装置9循环,浓缩到体积比约400倍左右。滤液收集在滤液槽7中,其全部或一部分可以返回诸如水洗槽5,或直接作为被涂物喷啉液再利用。此外,进入滤液槽7的滤液也可以进一步通过反渗透处理装置10再一次过滤而后再利用。另一方面,由膜处理装置9产生的浓缩液,也可以如以上详细叙述的那样,在浓缩槽内浓缩液的浓缩度达到最高200倍的阶段从浓缩槽中抽出。The present invention is implemented at the final washing tank 5 in the final washing process of the above general paint-washing process. For ease of understanding, the process of performing membrane treatment on the wastewater discharged * from this washing tank 5 will be described below. In this final washing tank 5, the washing water in the tank 5 is polluted due to paint components, foreign ions, etc. brought in from the previous process together with the object 18 to be coated. The polluted washing liquid cannot be used as the final washing water, nor can it be discarded just like this, but it is pumped out and sent to the concentration tank 6, and then the mixed substances are separated and removed in the following manner. Add acid to the washing waste liquid extracted from the concentration tank 6 to adjust the pH to below 6.4, and then send it to the membrane treatment device 9 for treatment. The concentrated solution can be further circulated through the membrane treatment device 9 to concentrate to about 400 times the volume ratio. The filtrate is collected in the filtrate tank 7, and all or a part of it can be returned to such as the washing tank 5, or directly reused as the coating spray liquid. In addition, the filtrate entering the filtrate tank 7 can also be further filtered through the reverse osmosis treatment device 10 and reused. On the other hand, the concentrated solution produced by the membrane processing device 9 can also be extracted from the concentration tank when the concentration of the concentrate in the concentration tank reaches a maximum of 200 times as described in detail above.

图2说明在最终水洗槽由多槽(作为实例,图中画了三槽)组成的情况下的最终水洗槽废液处理方法。在前面工艺中电沉积涂漆、洗涤的被涂物首先进入这个最终水洗槽的第一槽。在此洗涤后的被涂物随后依次进入第二槽、第三槽,另一方面洗涤水沿逆流方向从最后一槽向第一槽输送。从膜处理装置9或10出来的滤液进入第三槽(图2的24)(或在直接洗涤被涂物后进入第三槽,重复洗涤从第二槽送来的被涂物后溢流的洗涤废液进入第二槽(图2的23),在此同样重复洗涤从第一槽(图2的22)送来的被涂物。这样,各槽的废液都溢流到各自的前一个槽中,最初槽(图2的22)排出的废液导入浓缩槽中,经由过滤装置,使滤液的至少一部分返回最终水洗槽的最后一槽。Fig. 2 illustrates a final washing tank waste liquid treatment method in the case where the final washing tank is composed of multiple tanks (three tanks are drawn in the figure as an example). In the previous process, the object to be coated by electrodeposition painting and washing first enters the first tank of this final washing tank. The coated object after washing then enters the second tank and the third tank sequentially, and on the other hand, the washing water is transported from the last tank to the first tank along the countercurrent direction. The filtrate that comes out from membrane treatment device 9 or 10 enters the 3rd groove (24 of Fig. 2) (or enters the 3rd groove after directly washing the object to be coated, overflows after repeated washing is sent from the second groove The washing waste liquid enters the second groove (23 of Fig. 2), repeats the coated object sent from the first groove (22 of Fig. 2) here equally. Like this, the waste liquid of each groove all overflows to the front respectively In one tank, the waste liquid discharged from the initial tank (22 in Fig. 2) is introduced into the concentration tank, and at least a part of the filtrate is returned to the last tank of the final washing tank through the filtering device.

图2中膜处理后的滤液返回最终水洗槽的最后一槽(图2中的24),但在最终用纯水洗涤的情况下,滤液也可以不返回最后一槽,而是返回在它前面的槽(例如图2的22、23),在第三槽上导入纯水洗涤。The filtrate after membrane treatment in Fig. 2 is returned to the last tank (24 in Fig. 2) of the final water washing tank, but in the case of final washing with pure water, the filtrate may not return to the last tank, but return in front of it The groove (for example 22,23 of Fig. 2), on the 3rd groove, import pure water to wash.

                        附图简单说明A brief description of the attached drawings

图1是说明电沉积涂漆工艺中最终水洗槽废液处理流程的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the flow of waste liquid treatment of the final washing tank in the electrodeposition painting process.

图2是使用多级(以三槽情况为例)最终水洗槽的最终水洗废液处理流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of final washing waste liquid treatment using multi-stage (taking the case of three tanks as an example) final washing tanks.

图中代号的含义如下:The meanings of the codes in the figure are as follows:

1.电沉积槽;2.第一水洗槽;3.第二水洗槽;4.第三水洗槽;5.最终水洗槽;6.浓缩槽;7.滤液槽;8.超滤装置;9.配备了半透膜的过滤装置;10.反渗透装置;11、12、13、14、15、16代表泵;17.传送机;18.被涂物;19.洗涤用喷淋装置;20.浓缩液;21.滤液;22.最终水洗槽第一槽;23.最终水洗槽第二槽;24.最终水洗槽第三槽。1. Electrodeposition tank; 2. First washing tank; 3. Second washing tank; 4. Third washing tank; 5. Final washing tank; 6. Concentrating tank; 7. Filtrate tank; 8. Ultrafiltration device; 9 .Filtration device equipped with a semi-permeable membrane; 10. Reverse osmosis device; 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 represent pumps; 17. Conveyor; 18. Object to be coated; 19. Spray device for washing; 20 . Concentrate; 21. Filtrate; 22. First tank of final washing tank; 23. Second tank of final washing tank; 24. Third tank of final washing tank.

                      发明实例Invention Examples

以下用实施例说明本发明。The following examples illustrate the present invention.

以下实施例中,所谓浓缩液中的不挥发成分系指浓缩液在110℃干燥达到恒重时的残留成分。In the following examples, the so-called non-volatile components in the concentrated solution refer to the residual components when the concentrated solution is dried at 110° C. to reach a constant weight.

实施例1Example 1

以NV(不挥发成分浓度)=20重量%、pH=6.5、MEQ=25管理的阳离子电沉积涂料(日本ペイント株式会社制:パワ-トツプ(注册商标)U-2500)在10m槽中,在液温=28℃、CV(涂漆电压)=250V、通电时间=2~3分钟的涂漆条件下进行电沉积涂漆,以超滤回收水洗三级、最终水洗一级实施在线水洗。超滤回收水洗后的被涂物在最终水洗槽用电导率2μs/cm的纯水洗涤,但由于有此时带入的涂料成分,其最终水洗槽废液成为NV=0.1%pH=6.5。The cationic electrodeposition paint (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.: パワ-トップ (registered trademark) U-2500) managed with NV (non-volatile component concentration) = 20% by weight, pH = 6.5, and MEQ = 25 was placed in a 10 m tank. Under the conditions of liquid temperature = 28°C, CV (painting voltage) = 250V, and energization time = 2 to 3 minutes, the electrodeposition coating is carried out, and the ultrafiltration recovery water is used for three stages of washing, and the final water washing stage is used for online water washing. The coated object after ultrafiltration recovery and washing is washed with pure water with a conductivity of 2 μs/cm in the final washing tank, but due to the coating components brought in at this time, the waste liquid of the final washing tank becomes NV=0.1% pH=6.5.

把这种废液导入浓缩槽中,用乙酸调整到pH=5.0后,供给配备了超滤膜(旭化成工业株式会社制,マイクロ-ザ(注册商标)KCV3010)的过滤装置过滤。This waste liquid was introduced into a concentration tank, adjusted to pH = 5.0 with acetic acid, and then supplied to a filtration device equipped with an ultrafiltration membrane (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd., Micro-Z (registered trademark) KCV3010) for filtration.

此时的过滤条件是:入压=2.5kg/cm,出压=0.5kg/cm。The filtering conditions at this time are: inlet pressure=2.5kg/cm, outlet pressure=0.5kg/cm.

滤液量是初期为12l/min,实施至浓缩100倍后为6l/min,过滤稳定性优异。The amount of filtrate was 12 l/min at the initial stage and 6 l/min after 100-fold concentration, showing excellent filtration stability.

供给过滤的废液是5000l时通过供给超滤膜得到滤液4950l,浓缩液50l,浓缩液抽到别的容器中。When the waste liquid supplied for filtration is 5000 l, 4950 l of filtrate and 50 l of concentrated liquid are obtained by supplying ultrafiltration membrane, and the concentrated liquid is pumped into other containers.

滤液是NV=0.04%、pH=5.2,浓缩液是NV=6.2%、pH=6.3。The filtrate was NV=0.04%, pH=5.2, and the concentrate was NV=6.2%, pH=6.3.

这种滤液再次返回最终水洗槽中作为纯水的代用品使用,洗涤效果良好,被涂物再溶解试验的结果也没有问题。This filtrate was returned to the final washing tank and used as a substitute for pure water. The washing effect was good, and the result of the redissolution test of the coated object was not problematic.

抽到别的容器中的浓缩液蒸干减量后焚烧。The concentrated liquid pumped into other containers should be evaporated to dryness and then incinerated.

此外,尽管在继续重复试验中重复利用了滤液,运转还是极其稳定,6个月后也没有麻烦,仍能继续进行。Furthermore, despite reusing the filtrate in continued repeat trials, the operation was extremely stable and continued without trouble after 6 months.

实施例2Example 2

从实施例1使用的纯水水洗槽排出的废液用电沉积槽的极液(主要成分是约0.05%乙酸)调整到pH=5.0之后供给超滤膜(旭化成工业株式会社制,マイクロ-ザ(注册商标)KCV3010)处理。The waste liquid discharged from the pure water washing tank used in Example 1 was adjusted to pH=5.0 with the polar liquid (the main component is about 0.05% acetic acid) of the electrodeposition tank, and then supplied to an ultrafiltration membrane (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd., Micro-Z (registered trademark) KCV3010) processing.

此时的过滤条件是入压=2.5kg/cm2、出压=0.5kg/cm2The filtration conditions at this time are inlet pressure=2.5kg/cm 2 and outlet pressure=0.5kg/cm 2 .

滤液量是初期12l/min,实施到浓缩200倍之后为3l/min,过滤稳定性优异。The amount of filtrate was 12 l/min at the initial stage, and it was 3 l/min after 200-fold concentration, and the filtration stability was excellent.

供给过滤的废液为5000l时通过供给超滤膜得到滤液4975l、浓缩液25l。When the waste liquid supplied for filtration is 5000 l, 4975 l of filtrate and 25 l of concentrated liquid are obtained by supplying ultrafiltration membrane.

滤液是NV=0.05%、pH=5.2,浓缩液是NV=10%、pH=6.4。The filtrate was NV=0.05%, pH=5.2, and the concentrate was NV=10%, pH=6.4.

这种滤液再次返回最终水洗槽用于代替纯水,洗涤效果良好,被涂物再溶解试验的结果也没问题。This filtrate was returned to the final washing tank again to replace pure water, and the washing effect was good, and the result of the redissolution test of the coated object was also satisfactory.

实施例3Example 3

实施例2的浓缩液返回电沉积槽。返回电沉积槽后运转状态依然稳定,烘烤完成后的制品表面光洁状况仍然良好。The concentrated solution of Example 2 was returned to the electrodeposition tank. After returning to the electrodeposition tank, the operating state is still stable, and the surface of the product after baking is still in good condition.

实施例4Example 4

从实施例1使用的纯水水洗槽排出的废液供给总容积5000l的浓缩槽,用乙酸调整至pH=6.0之后供给超滤膜(旭化成工业株式会社制:マイクロ-ザ(注册商标)KCV3010)处理。The waste liquid discharged from the pure water washing tank used in Example 1 was supplied to a concentration tank with a total volume of 5000 liters, adjusted to pH=6.0 with acetic acid, and then supplied to an ultrafiltration membrane (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.: Micro-Za (registered trademark) KCV3010) deal with.

此时的过滤条件是入压=2.5kg/cm2,出压=0.5kg/cm2。而且在过滤操作中,过滤工艺每30分钟就进行一次为期30秒的酸反冲洗。酸反冲洗是在滤液中添加300ppm乙酸,每次使用15l由此形成的溶液作为反冲洗液。其结果是,浓缩液的pH调整到经常在6.0~6.3的范围。滤液量是初期为12l/min,实施到浓缩10倍后为10l/min,进一步实施到浓缩100倍后为6l/min,过滤稳定性优异。此外,过滤连续进行4天,每天各得到5000l滤液,一面将其送到水洗槽,一面经常向浓缩槽补加数量相当于滤液量的纯水水洗槽废液。到第5天,停止补加纯水水洗槽废液,对5000l浓缩液进行间歇式浓缩处理,使之进一步浓缩到250l。(浓缩倍率为100倍)供给过滤的废液合计为25000l时通过供给超滤膜得到滤液24750l、浓缩液250l。The filtration conditions at this time are inlet pressure=2.5kg/cm 2 and outlet pressure=0.5kg/cm 2 . And in the filtration operation, the filtration process performs a 30-second acid backwash every 30 minutes. For acid backwashing, 300 ppm acetic acid was added to the filtrate, and 15 l of the resulting solution was used as backwashing solution each time. As a result, the pH of the concentrate is often adjusted to be in the range of 6.0 to 6.3. The filtrate volume was 12 l/min at the beginning, 10 l/min after 10-fold concentration, and 6 l/min after 100-fold concentration, showing excellent filtration stability. In addition, the filtration was carried out continuously for 4 days, and 5000l of filtrate was obtained every day, which was sent to the washing tank, and on the other hand, the pure water washing tank waste liquid in an amount equivalent to the amount of the filtrate was often added to the concentration tank. On the 5th day, stop adding the waste liquid of the washing tank with pure water, and carry out intermittent concentration treatment to the 5000l concentrate, so that it can be further concentrated to 250l. (Concentration ratio is 100 times) when the waste liquid that supplies filtration adds up to 25000l, obtain filtrate 24750l, concentrated solution 250l by supplying ultrafiltration membrane.

第5天间歇式浓缩初期的滤液(浓缩5倍时)是NV=0.04%、pH=5.9,最终浓缩液(浓缩100倍时)是NV=6.1%、pH=6.2。这种滤液依然经常返回最终水洗槽用于代替纯水,但洗涤效果良好,被涂物再溶解试验的结果也没有问题。On the 5th day, the filtrate at the initial stage of intermittent concentration (5-fold concentration) was NV=0.04%, pH=5.9, and the final concentrate (100-fold concentration) was NV=6.1%, pH=6.2. This filtrate is still often returned to the final washing tank to replace pure water, but the washing effect is good, and the results of the coating redissolution test are not problematic.

实施例5Example 5

进行与实施例4一样的试验,所得到的超滤滤液一部分供给反渗透膜(东レ(株)制:SU-700)处理。反渗透滤液用于喷淋最终水洗槽出槽时的被涂物,淋下来的水回收在最终水洗槽中,但洗涤效果良好,被涂物再溶解试验的结果也没有问题。The same test as in Example 4 was carried out, and a part of the obtained ultrafiltration filtrate was subjected to a reverse osmosis membrane (manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.: SU-700) for treatment. The reverse osmosis filtrate is used to spray the coated object when it exits the final washing tank, and the drenched water is recovered in the final washing tank, but the washing effect is good, and the result of the coated object redissolving test is not problematic.

其中,反渗透过滤以操作压力15kg/cm2进行,反渗透滤液以3l/min的速度收集,反渗透浓缩液回送到水洗槽。反渗透滤液的水质是NV=0.001%以下,pH=6.4,电导率=2μs/cm。Wherein, the reverse osmosis filtration is carried out at an operating pressure of 15kg/cm 2 , the reverse osmosis filtrate is collected at a speed of 3 l/min, and the reverse osmosis concentrate is returned to the washing tank. The water quality of the reverse osmosis filtrate is below NV=0.001%, pH=6.4, conductivity=2μs/cm.

比较例1Comparative example 1

实施例1的最终水洗槽废液未做任何pH调整,与实施例1一样供给超滤膜(旭化成工业株式会社制:マイクロ-ザ(注册商标)KCV3010)将其分离成浓缩液与滤液。浓缩液的pH从6.5上升到7.0。超滤膜产生的滤液量最初是12l/min,随着继续循环浓缩便慢慢降低,到浓缩5倍时已降低到1l/min以下,过滤稳定性不太好。The final washing tank waste liquid of Example 1 was not adjusted to any pH, and was supplied to an ultrafiltration membrane (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Industry Co., Ltd.: Micro-Za (registered trademark) KCV3010) as in Example 1 to separate it into a concentrate and a filtrate. The pH of the concentrate rose from 6.5 to 7.0. The amount of filtrate produced by the ultrafiltration membrane is initially 12l/min, and it will gradually decrease as the concentration continues to circulate, and it will be reduced to below 1l/min when it is concentrated 5 times, and the filtration stability is not very good.

比较例2Comparative example 2

在与实施例1相同的条件下运行,从最终水洗槽排出的NV=0.1%、pH=6.5的废液添加乙酸将其调至pH=6.0,此溶液与实施例1一样进行超滤处理。超滤产生的滤液量最初为12l/min,但随着继续循环浓缩,浓缩液的pH便慢慢上升,另一方面滤液量则慢慢下降,达到50倍浓缩时pH6.5,滤液量下降到1l/min以下,事实上超滤处理已不能继续进行。Operate under the same conditions as in Example 1, add acetic acid to adjust it to pH=6.0 by adding acetic acid to the waste liquid of NV=0.1% and pH=6.5 discharged from the final washing tank, and carry out ultrafiltration treatment the same as in Example 1. The volume of filtrate produced by ultrafiltration is initially 12l/min, but as the concentration continues to circulate, the pH of the concentrate will slowly rise, and on the other hand, the volume of filtrate will slowly decrease. To below 1l/min, in fact the ultrafiltration process can no longer continue.

Claims (9)

1. waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process, it is characterized in that, in the treatment process of the final water washing tank used institute of cation electrodeposition painting technology effluent discharge, make the pH of the interior waste liquid of thickener (6) often remain on below 6.4, allow this waste liquid in the filtration unit that has been equipped with semi-permeable membranes (9), circulate, make it to be separated into the concentrated solution and the filtrate that contain coating composition.
2. the waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process described in the claim 1 is characterized in that, all or part of returns and utilizes with washing water as final washing in final water washing tank used again to separate the filtrate obtain by semi-permeable membranes.
3. the waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process described in the claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, accumulate a certain amount of washing waste liquid in the thickener (6),, add acid the pH of liquid in the thickener is adjusted to below 6.0 until start of run by filtration unit (9) circulation beginning.
4. any one described waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process in the claim 1~3 is characterized in that the degree of enrichment of concentrated solution reaches the highest 200 times stage in the thickener of above-mentioned circulation waste liquid, and concentrated solution is extracted out from thickener.
5. any one described waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process in the claim 1~4, it is characterized in that, use multiple-grooved as final water washing tank used situation under, the waste liquid of final water washing tank used each groove all returns in separately the last groove, the waste liquid of final water washing tank used initial groove is sent into thickener to supply with filtration unit, and at least a portion of filtrate is returned final water washing tank used final groove and utilized with washing water as final washing again.
6. any one described waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process in the claim 1~5, it is characterized in that, during the waste liquor from final water washing tank used that the waste liquid of final water washing tank used discharge is separated into the concentrated solution that contains coating composition and filtrate by the filtration unit circulation that has been equipped with semi-permeable membranes in the cation electrodeposition painting technology is handled, semi-permeable membranes is with having added 300~3, the back flushing of 000ppm organic acid filtrate keeps through being everlasting below 6.4 the pH of concentrated solution in the thickener.
7. any one described waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process in the claim 1~6, wherein the pH value of waste liquor from final water washing tank used is adjusted with electrode solution or organic acid or thionamic acid, carbonic acid and is carried out.
8. any one described waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process in the claim 1~7, wherein semi-permeable membranes is a ultra-filtration membrane.
9. any one described waste liquor from final water washing tank used treatment process in the claim 1~7, wherein to separate be the filtrate that ultra-filtration and separation is handled to be carried out reverse osmosis isolation again handle to semi-permeable membranes.
CN95190856A 1994-09-06 1995-09-05 Method for treating waste liquor from final water washing tank used in cation electrodeposition painting Expired - Lifetime CN1116448C (en)

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JP4536482B2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2010-09-01 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 Operation method of membrane filtration device
US20120024325A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2012-02-02 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation System for recovery of electrodeposition paint
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KR101565947B1 (en) 2014-03-28 2015-11-05 주식회사 필텍이엔지 waste water recycling apparatus for electro painting
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CN107109680B (en) * 2014-12-26 2019-04-26 旭化成株式会社 Electrodeposition coating recycling system and method

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