CN111638065A - A experimental auxiliary device for semitrailer is experimental that turns on one's side - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer, wherein the experimental auxiliary device comprises four support assemblies symmetrical about the central axis of the vehicle, and the support assemblies are installed on the tops of the two sides of the test tractor and On both sides of the test semi-trailer, the height and position of the support assembly can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the locking pin, the length of the hollow support rod and the angle of the reinforcing sheet. Through the above technical solutions, the experimental auxiliary device of the present invention supports the test vehicle during the rolling process of the vehicle body when the roll angle of the test vehicle to the left or right is greater than the critical value, so as to protect the test vehicle. Vehicle, the role of saving test funds. The experimental auxiliary device is simple in structure, easy to install, light in weight, does not affect the mass distribution and structural arrangement of the test vehicle; good portability and versatility, detachable, easy to maintain and replace, simple and convenient to use, and can effectively protect the test vehicle.

Description

A test auxiliary device for rollover test of semi-trailer

technical field

The invention relates to a test auxiliary device used for the rollover test of a semi-trailer and its tractor.

Background technique

During the ultimate roll test of the semi-trailer and its tractor, due to the large mass of the test vehicle and no test auxiliary device installed, the test vehicle is easily damaged in the traditional test process, which increases the maintenance cost and prolongs the test time. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems, and to provide a test aid for the rollover test of a semi-trailer and its tractor. The technical problem solved by the invention is how to effectively protect the test vehicle in the limit roll test, save the test cost and shorten the test time.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a test auxiliary device, which includes four support assemblies symmetrical about the central axis; the support assemblies are fixedly installed on the side of the semi-trailer and the top of the side of the tractor along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and each support assembly includes : Supports, slide rails, locking pins, limit lugs, reinforcement pieces. As the main part of the support assembly, the support is used to support the test vehicle and prevent it from directly colliding with the ground and causing damage; the buffer structure is used to transfer the pressure generated during rollover from the hollow support rod to the limit lugs evenly, so as to avoid limit The ears are deformed and broken; the slide rails are fixed on the side of the semi-trailer and the top of the side of the tractor by countersunk bolts, which are used to adjust the position of the support within a certain range, so that the test auxiliary device can adapt to the uneven distribution of the vehicle body load situation. The locking pin is installed on the hinge used to connect the hollow support rod-locking pin, and the two ends of the slide rail. The former is used to fix the hinge position; the latter is used to control damage: during the rollover process, if the former loosens and falls off, The latter can still maintain the support from the slide rail. The limiting ears are used to limit the support, so as to prevent deformation and damage of the slide rail due to the excessive swinging amplitude of the support during the rollover process. The reinforcing sheet is used to increase the support strength.

其中

l₁为空心支撑杆1的长度，l₂为空心支撑杆2的长度，μ为地面摩擦系数，k为空心支撑杆所用材料的强度系数，m为试验车辆与载荷的总质量。Two supports are respectively installed at the same height on the side of the tractor and the side of the semi-trailer; the supports include: two hollow support rods with unequal lengths, hinges and buffer structures. The hollow support rod 1 on the inner side is shorter and perpendicular to the vehicle body. The length ratio α of the two support rods is determined by the following relationship:

in

_l1 is the length of the hollow support rod 1, _l2 is the length of the hollow support rod 2, μ is the ground friction coefficient, k is the strength coefficient of the material used for the hollow support rod, and m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load.

The support can move freely on the slide rail after removing the locking pins of the inner hinges of the two hollow support rods, and remove the locking pins on the inner hinges of the two hollow support rods and the ends of the slide rails, and then remove the support from the slide rail. mentioned support.

其中m为试验车辆与载荷的总质量，s为楔形缓冲块的冲击吸收系数。The limiting ears are fixedly installed on the upper side of the support by bolts, and form a certain angle β with the horizontal plane; β is determined by the following relationship:

Where m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and s is the shock absorption coefficient of the wedge-shaped buffer block.

The reinforcing sheet is at the angle between the two hollow support rods; in order to achieve the purpose of being easy to disassemble and the strength of the hollow support rod is not affected, the reinforcing sheet is fixed on the hollow support rod by spot welding. ; When the number of tests reaches a certain value, the damaged trapezoidal reinforcing rib can be removed and replaced separately.

直径φ＝D；其中D是空心支撑杆的内径；通过螺栓将完全插入空心支撑杆的细实心钢管与空心支撑杆固定连接，以此连接两空心支撑杆、空心支撑杆与锁定销。The hinge includes a hinge 1 installed on the outside of the two hollow support rods, and a hinge 2 installed on the inside of the hollow support rod 2; both ends of the hinge 1 are fixedly connected to the thin solid steel pipe by welding or riveting, and one end of the hinge 2 is welded or riveted. Fixed connection with thin solid steel pipe; the length of the thin solid steel pipe

Diameter φ=D; where D is the inner diameter of the hollow support rod; the thin solid steel pipe completely inserted into the hollow support rod is fixedly connected to the hollow support rod through bolts, so as to connect the two hollow support rods, the hollow support rod and the locking pin.

其中，s₁、s₂分别为挤塑板、铝蜂窝等两种材料的冲击吸收系数，m为试验车辆与载荷的总质量，m_max为试验车辆满载时试验车辆与载荷的总质量。The buffer structure includes: a steel lining plate and a wedge-shaped buffer block. The steel lining plate is welded on the upper side of the hollow support rod and is parallel to the ground. The lower surface of the wedge-shaped buffer block is fixedly mounted on the steel lining plate, and the upper surface is fitted with the lower surface of the limiting lug. The wedge-shaped buffer block is composed of three material layers, such as extruded plastic plate, aluminum honeycomb, and carbon fiber. The proportions x ₁ , x ₂ , and x ₃ of the three materials in the wedge-shaped buffer block are determined by the following relationship:

Among them, s ₁ and s ₂ are the shock absorption coefficients of extruded plastic sheet and aluminum honeycomb, respectively, m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and m _max is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load when the test vehicle is fully loaded.

The reinforcing sheet includes two parts: a channel-shaped steel sheet with a shallow groove on the inner side, and a trapezoidal reinforcing rib installed on the inner shallow groove of the channel-shaped steel sheet and parallel to the ground; the opening of the channel-shaped steel sheet is related to the two hollow supports. The angle sinα between the rods is equal, and the wall length d should be greater than or equal to

The outer end of the hollow support rod is provided with a support portion, and the support portion is located in the plane where the support according to claim 1 is located; the connection point on the outer side of the hollow support rod is closer to the vehicle body side than the end of the support portion; the support The part is fixedly mounted on the hollow support rod by welding or riveting; the connection between the support part and the hollow support rod 2 is reinforced with a zigzag metal connector, and the connection with the hollow support rod 1 is reinforced with bolts.

The support part is composed of a support tube, a support frame, a hollow sphere, and a buffer outer wrapping material; the support tube is connected with the hollow support rod 2 and is perpendicular to the center axis of the vehicle body; the support tube is inserted along the center axis of the hollow sphere until the outer The end is attached to the inner wall of the sphere, and the connection is fixed by welding; the support frame is connected with the hollow support rod 1; the support frame is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow sphere by welding or riveting.

The technical effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:

1. The structure is simple and reliable, it can be used conveniently without changing any structure of the test vehicle, and there is no need to do any operation to damage the main structure on the test vehicle.

2. It is easy to install and disassemble, it can be disassembled before and after the test, which is convenient for transportation; the installation is simple and convenient during use, and it can be installed without large equipment.

3. It can effectively protect the safety of test vehicles and personnel during high-risk tests.

4. Due to the low quality of the device, it will not affect the performance of the test vehicle and the authenticity of the test data during the test.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present invention together with the following specific embodiments, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached image:

1 is a top view of a test aid for a rollover test of a semi-trailer and its tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of a test aid for a rollover test of a semi-trailer and its tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a top view of a test auxiliary device and a test vehicle for a rollover test of a semi-trailer and its tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

Test aid 14 for rollover test of semi-trailer and its tractor, support assembly 13, support 1, slide rail 2, locking pin 3, buffer structure 4, steel lining plate 41, wedge-shaped buffer block 42, limit ear 5 , hollow support rod 6, short hollow support rod 61, long hollow support rod 62, hinge 7, hollow support rod outer hinge 71, hollow support rod inner hinge 72, reinforcing sheet 8, channel steel sheet 81, trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82, The support part 9 , the support tube frame 10 , the support tube 101 , the support frame 102 , the hollow sphere 11 , and the buffer outer wrapping material 12 .

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note: the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , a test aid 14 for the rollover test of a semi-trailer and its tractor includes four symmetrical about the central axis, which are fixedly installed on the side of the semi-trailer and the top of the side of the tractor along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The support assembly 13 includes a support 1 , a slide rail 2 , a locking pin 3 , a limiting lug 5 , and a reinforcing sheet 8 . Through the design of the above-mentioned support assembly structure and installation position, the test auxiliary device can stably support the test vehicle when the test vehicle rolls over during use, so as to protect the vehicle body. the goal of.

More specifically, the support 1 consists of two unequal length hollow support rods 6 (short hollow support rod 61, long hollow support rod 62), hinges 7 (hollow support rod outer hinge 71, hollow support rod inner hinge 72), buffer The structure 4 is formed; the hollow support rod 6 is a hollow steel pipe with bolt holes at both ends.

The outer end of the hollow support rod 6 is provided with a support part 9, and the support part 9 is located in the plane where the support 1 is located, and is fixedly installed on the outer end of the hollow support rod 6 by welding or riveting; the inner part of the connection between the long hollow support rod 62 and the support part 9 Reinforced with a zigzag metal connector; bolts are used to reinforce the connection between the short hollow support rod 61 and the support portion 9 .

The support part 9 is composed of the support pipe frame 10 (support pipe 101 , support frame 102 ), the hollow sphere 11 , and the buffer outer wrapping material 12 . The support tube 101 is a hollow steel pipe, connected with the long hollow support rod 62, inserted along the central axis of the hollow sphere 11 until the outer end is attached to the inner wall of the hollow sphere 11, and the joint is fixed by welding; the support frame 102 is composed of two thin It is made of steel plate and is connected with a short hollow support rod 61, and the support frame is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow sphere by welding or riveting. The buffer outer wrapping material 12 is a nylon material, which is fixed to the outer layer of the hollow sphere 11 by bonding.

直径φ＝D，其中D是空心支撑杆6的内径。通过螺栓将恰好完全插入空心支撑杆6的细实心钢管与空心支撑杆6固定连接。通过以上铰链7的设计，能够实现短空心支撑杆61与长空心支撑杆62、短空心支撑杆61与锁定销、长空心支撑杆62与锁定销的可靠连接，同时解决了空心管材上难以稳固安装铰链的问题。The hinge 7 is a heavy-duty zinc alloy hinge; both ends of the outer hinge 71 of the hollow support rod are fixedly connected to a section of thin solid steel pipe by welding or riveting, and one end of the inner hinge 72 of the hollow support rod 2 is fixedly connected to a section of thin solid steel pipe by welding or riveting. Length of thin solid steel pipe

Diameter φ=D, where D is the inner diameter of the hollow support rod 6 . A thin solid steel pipe, which is inserted just completely into the hollow support rod 6 , is fixedly connected to the hollow support rod 6 by means of bolts. Through the design of the above hinge 7, the short hollow support rod 61 and the long hollow support rod 62, the short hollow support rod 61 and the locking pin, and the long hollow support rod 62 and the locking pin can be reliably connected, and it is difficult to stabilize the hollow pipe. Problem with installing hinges.

The support assembly 1 can move freely on the slide rail 2 after removing the locking pin 3 of the inner hinge 72 of the hollow support rod. Remove the locking pin 3 on the end of the inner hinge 72 of the hollow support rod and the locking pin on the end of the slide rail 2 After 3, the support 1 can be removed from the slide rail 2.

为比例添加三种材料制造楔形缓冲块42；其中，x₁、x₂、x₃分别为挤塑板、铝蜂窝、碳纤维材料在楔形缓冲块中所占比例，s₁、s₂分别为挤塑板、铝蜂窝等两种材料的冲击吸收系数，m为试验车辆与载荷的总质量，m_max为试验车辆满载时试验车辆与载荷的总质量。The buffer structure 4 includes: a steel lining plate 41 and a wedge-shaped buffer block 42 . The steel lining plate 41 is welded on the upper side of the hollow support rod 6 and is parallel to the ground. The lower surface of the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is in contact with the upper surface of the steel lining plate, and the upper surface of the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is in contact with the lower surface of the limiting ear 5 . The wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is made of a mixture of three materials, such as extruded plastic plate, aluminum honeycomb, and carbon fiber. The three materials should be alternately layered, which is beneficial to improve the durability of the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 . Since the shock absorption capacity of the three materials is proportional to the price, in order to achieve the expected buffer effect and save money, the

The wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is made by adding three materials in proportion; wherein, x ₁ , x ₂ , and x ₃ are the proportions of extruded plastic plate, aluminum honeycomb, and carbon fiber material in the wedge-shaped buffer block, respectively, and s ₁ and s ₂ are the extrusion The impact absorption coefficient of two materials such as plastic plate and aluminum honeycomb, m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and m _max is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load when the test vehicle is fully loaded.

其中m为试验车辆与载荷的总质量，s为楔形缓冲块42的冲击吸收系数。β值越大，楔形缓冲块42所能吸收的冲击力越大。拆除螺栓后可卸下限制耳5。通过以上限制耳5的设计，能够实现对上述支撑1的位置限定，保护支撑总成13在试验过程中不受损坏。The limit lug 5 is fixedly installed above the slide rail 2 by bolts, and forms a certain angle β with the support 1; β is determined by the following relationship:

Where m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and s is the shock absorption coefficient of the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 . The larger the β value, the larger the impact force that the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 can absorb. Restriction lugs 5 can be removed after removing the bolts. Through the above design of the limiting ears 5, the position of the support 1 can be limited, and the support assembly 13 can be protected from damage during the test.

其中l₁为空心支撑杆61的长度。梯形加强肋82是结构钢片，安装在槽形钢片内侧浅槽上且平行于地面。当使用不同规格的支撑1时，应选用与其规格相符的加强片8。加强片8安装在空心支撑杆6夹角处；在试验开始前，将加强片8安装在两空心支撑杆6的外侧；在试验过程中加强片8能够实现对支撑1的加固，从而进一步提高支撑1的稳定性；同时为达到易于拆卸更换，且空心支撑杆6的强度不受影响的目的，采用点焊方式将加强片8固定在空心支撑杆6上；试验次数达到一定值时，可以拆卸更换受损的梯形加强肋82。The reinforcing sheet 8 is composed of two parts: a channel-shaped steel sheet 81 and a trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82 . The channel-shaped steel sheet 81 is a structural steel sheet with an opening degree equal to the angle sinα between the two hollow support rods 6, and a shallow groove is opened on the inner side; For the structural strength of the connection with the support part 9, the wall length d of the channel steel sheet 81 should be greater than or equal to

Wherein l ₁ is the length of the hollow support rod 61 . The trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82 is a structural steel sheet, which is installed on the inner shallow groove of the channel-shaped steel sheet and is parallel to the ground. When using supports 1 of different specifications, the reinforcing sheets 8 that conform to their specifications should be selected. The reinforcing sheet 8 is installed at the angle between the hollow support rods 6; before the test starts, the reinforcing sheet 8 is installed on the outside of the two hollow support rods 6; during the test, the reinforcing sheet 8 can reinforce the support 1, thereby further improving the The stability of the support 1; at the same time, in order to achieve easy disassembly and replacement, and the strength of the hollow support rod 6 is not affected, the reinforcing sheet 8 is fixed on the hollow support rod 6 by spot welding; when the number of tests reaches a certain value, it can be Remove and replace the damaged trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82 .

When using this embodiment, firstly, the slide rail 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the side of the tractor and the side of the semi-trailer through the locking pin 3 and bolts on one side of the slide rail. Select the hollow support rods 6 according to the requirements, and assemble the support 1; and the reinforcing sheet 8 are installed at the designated position on the slide rail 2; then the limiting lug 5 is fixed on the top of the sliding rail 2 by bolts; the restraining lug 5 should be located directly above the steel lining plate 41 in the buffer structure 4; The block 42 is fixed in the steel backing plate 41 and the limiting lugs 5 by means of adhesive. Finally, install the locking pin 3 on the other side of the slide rail 2; at this point, the support assembly 13 is assembled.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute in similar manners, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definitions of the appended claims range.

Although this paper uses more test aids 14 for rollover tests of semi-trailers and their tractors, support assembly 13, support 1, slide rail 2, locking pin 3, buffer structure 4, steel lining 41, wedge Buffer block 42, limit ear 5, hollow support rod 6, short hollow support rod 61, long hollow support rod 62, hinge 7, hollow support rod outer hinge 71, hollow support rod inner hinge 72, reinforcement sheet 8, channel steel sheet 81, trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82, support part 9, support tube frame 10, support tube 101, support frame 102, hollow sphere 11, buffer outer wrapping material 12 and other terms, but do not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; it is contrary to the spirit of the present invention to interpret them as any kind of additional limitation.

Claims (10)

1. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer, characterized in that: the test auxiliary device comprises four support assemblies that are symmetrical about the central axis; the support assemblies are fixed and installed on the side of the semi-trailer along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and the top of the side of the tractor, each support assembly includes: supports, slide rails, locking pins, limiting ears, buffer structures, and reinforcing sheets; The support, as the main part of the support assembly, is used to support the test vehicle to prevent it from directly colliding with the ground and causing damage; the buffer structure is used to transmit the pressure generated during rollover from the hollow support rod to the limiting ears evenly, Avoid limiting ear deformation and rupture; The sliding rail is fixed on the side of the semi-trailer and the top of the side of the tractor by countersunk bolts, which are used to adjust the position of the support within a certain range, so that the test auxiliary device can adapt to the uneven distribution of the vehicle body load; The locking pin is installed on the hinge used to connect the hollow support rod-locking pin, and the two ends of the slide rail. The former is used to fix the position of the hinge; the latter is used to control damage: during the rollover process, the former loosens and falls off. Ensure that the maintenance support does not detach from the slide rail; The limiting ears are used to limit the support to prevent the deformation and damage of the slide rail caused by the excessive swing amplitude of the support during the rollover process; The reinforcing sheet is used to increase the support strength and avoid deformation of the support. 2. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: two supports are respectively installed at the same height on the side of the tractor and the side of the semi-trailer; Including: two unequal length hollow support rods, hinges and buffer structures; the hollow support rod 1 located on the inner side is shorter and perpendicular to the vehicle body; the length ratio α of the two support rods is determined by the following relationship:

in

_l1 is the length of the hollow support rod 1, _l2 is the length of the hollow support rod 2, μ is the ground friction coefficient, k is the strength coefficient of the material used for the hollow support rod, and m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load. 3. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support can move freely on the slide rail after removing the locking pins inside the two hollow support rods, The supports can be removed from the slide rails by removing the locking pins on the inner hinges of the two hollow support rods and on the ends of the slide rails. 4. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting ear is fixedly installed on the upper side of the support by means of bolts, and forms a certain angle β with the horizontal plane; β is determined by the following Relational decision:

Where m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and s is the shock absorption coefficient of the wedge-shaped buffer block. 5. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reinforcing sheet is installed in the angle between the two hollow support rods according to claim 1; For the purpose of replacing the hollow support rod without affecting the strength of the hollow support rod, the reinforcing sheet is fixed on the hollow support rod by spot welding; when the number of tests reaches a certain value, the damaged trapezoidal reinforcement can be disassembled and replaced separately. rib. 6. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 2, wherein the hinge comprises a hinge 1 installed on the outside of the two hollow support rods, a hinge 1 installed on the inside of the hollow support rod 2 Hinge 2; both ends of hinge 1 are fixedly connected to the thin solid steel pipe by welding or riveting, and one end of hinge 2 is fixedly connected to the thin solid steel pipe by welding or riveting; the length of the thin solid steel pipe

Diameter φ=D; where D is the inner diameter of the hollow support rod described in claim 2; the thin solid steel pipe that is just completely inserted into the hollow support rod is fixedly connected to the hollow support rod through bolts, so as to connect the two hollow support rods and hollow support rods with locking pin. 7. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 2, wherein the buffer assembly comprises a steel lining plate and a wedge-shaped buffer block; the steel lining plate is welded on the hollow support rod side and parallel to the ground; the lower surface of the wedge-shaped buffer block is fixedly installed on the lining plate, and the upper surface is attached to the lower surface of the limiting ear; the wedge-shaped buffer block is composed of three layers of materials such as extruded plastic board, aluminum honeycomb, and carbon fiber. The proportions x ₁ , x ₂ , and x ₃ of each material in the wedge-shaped buffer block are determined by the following relational expressions:

Among them, s ₁ and s ₂ are the shock absorption coefficients of extruded plastic sheet and aluminum honeycomb, respectively, m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and m _max is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load when the test vehicle is fully loaded. 8 . A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 2 , characterized in that: the outer end of the hollow support rod is provided with a support portion, and the support portion is located in the center of claim 1 . The support is in the plane; the outer connection of the hollow support rod is closer to the vehicle body side than the end of the support part; the support part is fixedly installed on the hollow support rod by welding or riveting; the support part and the hollow support The inside of the connection of rod 2 is reinforced with a metal T head, and the connection with the hollow support rod 1 is reinforced with bolts. 9 . The test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 5 , wherein the reinforcing sheet comprises two parts: a channel-shaped steel sheet with The trapezoidal reinforcing rib on the inner side of the steel sheet and parallel to the ground; the opening of the channel steel sheet is equal to the angle sinα between the two hollow support rods, and the wall length d should be greater than or equal to

10. A test auxiliary device for a rollover test of a semi-trailer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the support part is composed of a support pipe, a support frame, a hollow sphere, and a buffer outer wrapping material; The hollow support rod 2 is connected and is perpendicular to the center axis of the vehicle body; the support pipe is inserted along the center axis of the hollow sphere until the outer end is attached to the inner wall of the sphere, and the connection is fixed by welding; the support frame is connected with the hollow support rod 1, It is fixedly connected to the surface of the hollow sphere by welding or riveting.

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