CN111638035A - Buoyancy jet simulation device and method in internal solitary wave environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a buoyancy jet simulation device and a simulation method in an internal solitary wave environment. The simulation device comprises a test water tank, a first water tank, a second water tank, a third water tank and a slotted rotating nozzle; There are corresponding chutes on both sides, first movable pulleys are respectively set in the chutes on both sides of the top, first fixed pulleys are respectively set at one end, and second movable pulleys are respectively set in the chutes on both sides of the bottom, and one end is respectively provided with a second movable pulley. A second fixed pulley is provided, and the first movable pulley, the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley and the second movable pulley on the same side are connected in turn by thin wires, and a stepper motor is arranged at the bottom of the test water tank; A push plate and a second push plate, the first push plate is connected with the two first movable pulleys, and the second push plate is connected with the two second movable pulleys; the present invention realizes the study of buoyancy jets, internal waves and jets in an internal solitary wave environment Interaction and numerical transfer properties.

Description

A buoyancy jet simulation device and simulation method in an internal solitary wave environment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental fluid mechanics, in particular to a buoyancy jet simulation device and a simulation method in an internal solitary wave environment.

Background technique

The buoyant jets ejected from hydrothermal vents along the edges of tectonic plates are an important source of heavy metal minerals in marine water bodies and seafloor sediments. The less dense hydrothermal fluids will rapidly rise together with the surrounding seawater by turbulent entrainment and entrainment under the action of buoyancy. , when the momentum decreases to zero, it stops rising and moves and spreads in the horizontal direction, which generally affects the material transport and heat flux distribution within a few kilometers. This physical phenomenon in the ocean can be transmitted from the lithosphere to the oceanosphere. A large number of chemical substances and heat have attracted much attention. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN 105973567 discloses a hydrothermal plume simulation device and a simulation method, which can easily simulate the hydrothermal plume in the ocean in a stratified water environment. .

In the latest marine observations, it was found that elements such as iron, manganese, chlorine and other elements from the vents were detected at a distance of tens of kilometers from some vents. big relationship. The internal solitary wave in the ocean is a very special kind of internal wave. It is a medium and small scale process in the ocean. It can propagate for a long distance and keep its waveform unchanged. It is the main carrier of ocean energy and momentum transportation. At the same time, the breaking of internal waves will also produce irreversible mixing.

At present, there are relatively few achievements in field observation, physical experiment, and numerical simulation of buoyant jets in the internal wave environment. Field observation requires huge manpower, material resources, and financial resources, and it is difficult to find an ideal observation environment. Some parameters of , are calibrated based on real data, so a set of experimental devices that can generate buoyant jets in an internal solitary wave environment is urgently needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a buoyancy jet simulation device and a simulation method in an internal solitary wave environment to solve the problems in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

In one aspect, the present invention provides a buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment, comprising a test water tank, a first water tank, a second water tank, a third water tank and a slotted rotating spout; the first water tank is connected to the first water pipe in sequence The first infusion pump and the first flowmeter are connected to the bottom of the second water tank; the second water tank is connected to the second infusion pump and the second flowmeter in turn through the second water pipe and then connected to the bottom of the test water tank; the third water tank is connected to the bottom of the test water tank through the third water pipe Connect the third infusion pump and the third flow meter in turn and then connect to the bottom of the test tank;

The slotted rotating spout is arranged at the bottom of the test water tank and at the outlet of the third water pipe;

There are corresponding chutes on both sides of the top and bottom of the test tank, and the chutes are opened along the length of the test tank;

There are first movable pulleys in the chutes on both sides of the top of the test tank, first fixed pulleys at one end of the chutes on both sides of the top, and second movable pulleys in the chutes on both sides of the bottom of the test tank. One end of the chute on both sides of the bottom is respectively provided with a second fixed pulley;

The first movable pulley, the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley and the second movable pulley on the same side of the test tank are connected by thin lines in turn;

The inner bottom of the test water tank is provided with a stepper motor for driving the second movable pulley in the chute on both sides of the bottom;

The test water tank is provided with a first push plate and a second push plate arranged below the first push plate. The long side of the first push plate is close to the top of the test water tank, and two of the top corners of the first push plate are respectively connected to the test tank. The first movable pulleys in the chute on both sides of the top are connected by pull rods, the long side of the second push plate is close to the bottom of the test water tank, and the two top corners of the second push plate are respectively connected with the second push plate in the chute on both sides of the bottom of the test water tank. The movable pulley is connected by a pull rod.

Further, an electric stirrer is provided on the top of the second water tank.

Further, the slotted rotating spout includes a rectangular spout, a square spout, a circular spout and a triangular spout.

Further, the test water tank includes a steel frame and double-layer laminated glass arranged in the steel frame.

Further, a gap is left between the first push plate and the second push plate, and a gap is left between the second push plate and the bottom of the test water tank; the lengths of the first push plate and the second push plate are the same as the width of the test water tank. same.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a simulation method of the above-mentioned buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment, comprising the following steps:

Inject the salt water that density is ρ _A in the first water tank, and inject the salt water that density is ρ _B in the second water tank, and ρ _A >ρ _B ;

The flow rates of the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are respectively set as Q _A and Q _B , and Q _A : Q _B =1:1-1:2;

Turn on the first infusion pump and the second infusion pump in turn, and inject the lower water body into the test tank;

When the liquid level in the test water tank reaches the interface height of the first push plate and the second push plate, turn off the first infusion pump and the second infusion _pump in turn. At this time, the liquid density in the test water tank is The second water tank is injected with salt water with a density of ρ _C , and ρ _C <ρ ₀ , and the second infusion pump is turned on;

When the liquid level in the test water tank reaches the height of the boundary of the first push plate, turn off the second infusion pump to obtain a liquid with a layered profile;

Inject jet fluid with a density of ρ _s into the third water tank, set the flow rate of the third flowmeter as the jet outflow flow rate, adjust the shape of the jet outlet of the slotted rotating nozzle, turn on the third infusion pump, start the buoyant jet, and use a high-speed camera. Record the movement change process of the fluid in the test tank;

Turn on the stepper motor, and the stepper motor drives the second movable pulley in the chute on both sides of the bottom of the test tank to move. During the movement of the second movable pulley, it drives the first movable pulley in the chute on both sides of the top of the test tank to move in opposite directions. Then the second movable pulley and the first movable pulley drive the second push plate and the first push plate to move toward each other, push the liquid in the test tank, create an internal solitary wave, and observe the buoyant jet phenomenon in the internal solitary wave environment.

Further, when injecting the lower water body into the test water tank, it also includes turning on the electric stirrer.

Further, when ρ _s <ρ _A , the buoyant jet is a plume; when ρ _s >ρ _A , the buoyant jet is a fountain.

Further, the jet fluid contains nano-tracer particles with a mass percentage concentration of 2‰-5‰.

Further, the nano-tracer particles are polystyrene particles, aluminum powder or fluorescent particles.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The buoyancy jet simulation device in the internal solitary wave environment provided by the present invention is simple in structure and convenient to use, and can more realistically reproduce the dynamic action of the ocean nearshore layered environment, realize the simulation of the complex hydrodynamic environment in the ocean, and make up for in the experiment. The disadvantage of a single field simulation test;

The jet nozzle of the present invention is designed as a slotted rotating nozzle, which can realize the design of multiple groups of contrasting working conditions of different nozzle shapes;

The preparation of stratified water body is one of the key links in the formation of internal waves. The present invention adopts the "double-cylinder method" to prepare linear stratified water body, which can make the density distribution of the liquid in the test tank to be the same as that of the vertical density distribution of most oceans. The ratio is reduced, that is, the density distribution is uniformly mixed above the layered interface, and the density linear distribution is below the layered interface;

The present invention adopts push-plate wave making in the test water tank in which the upper layer liquid is uniformly mixed and the lower layer liquid density is linearly distributed, so as to realize the manufacture of internal solitary waves;

The invention realizes the research of buoyant jet in the internal solitary wave environment, the interaction between internal wave and jet and the characteristic of numerical transfer.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of one end of a buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a slotted rotating nozzle in a buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a jump layer obtained in a simulation method of a buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-test water tank, 2-first water tank, 3-second water tank, 4-third water tank, 5-first water pipe, 6-first infusion pump, 7-first flow meter, 8-second Water pipe, 9-Second infusion pump, 10-Second flowmeter, 11-Third water pipe, 12-Third infusion pump, 13-Third flowmeter, 14-Slotted rotary spout, 15-First movable pulley, 16 -First push plate, 17- Second push plate, 18- Pull rod, 19- First fixed pulley, 20- Stepper motor, 21- Chute, 22- Steel frame, 23- Double-layer laminated glass, 24- -Rectangular spout, 25-square spout, 26-circular spout, 27-triangular spout, 28-electric mixer, 29-second movable pulley, 30-second fixed pulley.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including a test water tank 1 , a first water tank 2 , a second water tank 3 , a third water tank 4 and a slotted rotating nozzle 14 After the first water tank 2 is connected to the first infusion pump 6 and the first flow meter 7 through the first water pipe 5 in turn, it is connected to the bottom of the second water tank 3; the second water tank 3 is connected to the second infusion through the second water pipe 8. After the pump 9 and the second flow meter 10 are connected to the bottom of the test water tank 1; The size is 10m×1m×1m (length, width, height);

The slotted rotary spout 14 is arranged at the bottom of the test water tank 1, and is located at the outlet of the third water pipe 11;

The two sides of the top and bottom of the test water tank 1 are respectively provided with chute 21, and the chute 21 is opened along the length direction of the test water tank 1;

The chute 21 on both sides of the top of the test water tank 1 is provided with a first movable pulley 15 respectively, and one end of the chute 21 on both sides of the top is respectively provided with a first fixed pulley 19; A second movable pulley 29 is respectively provided, and one end of the chute 21 on both sides of the bottom is respectively provided with a second fixed pulley 30;

The first movable pulley 15 , the first fixed pulley 19 , the second fixed pulley 30 and the second movable pulley 29 on the same side of the test tank 1 are sequentially connected by thin wires;

The inner bottom of the test water tank 1 is provided with a stepper motor 20 for driving the second movable pulley 29 in the chute 21 on both sides of the bottom to ensure that the first push plate 16 and the second push plate 17 have the same movement speed;

The test water tank 1 is provided with a first push plate 16 and a second push plate 17 arranged below the first push plate 16. The long side of the first push plate 16 is close to the top of the test water tank 1. Two of the first push plates 16 The top corners are respectively connected with the first movable pulleys 15 in the chute 21 on the top and two sides of the test tank 1 through the pull rod 18, the long side of the second push plate 17 is close to the bottom of the test tank 1, and the two top corners of the second push plate 17 They are respectively connected with the second movable pulleys 29 in the chute 21 on both sides of the inner bottom of the test tank 1 through the pull rod 18 to ensure that the first push plate 16 and the second push plate 17 can only translate along the length of the test tank.

An electric stirrer 28 is provided on the top of the second water tank 3 to ensure that the liquid in the second water tank 3 can be mixed evenly during the test.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the slotted rotating spout 14 includes a rectangular spout 24 , a square spout 25 , a circular spout 26 and a triangular spout 27 , and the shape of the spout can be freely changed.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the test water tank 1 includes a steel frame 22 and a double-layer laminated glass 23 arranged in the steel frame 22 .

There is a gap between the first push plate 16 and the second push plate 17, and there is a gap between the second push plate 17 and the bottom of the test tank 1; the lengths of the first push plate 16 and the second push plate 17 are the same as the test The width of sink 1 is the same.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a simulation method of the above-mentioned buoyancy jet simulation device in an internal solitary wave environment, comprising the following steps:

Prepare the salt water and fresh water required for the simulation test under the condition that the simulation device is running normally and there is no water leakage or seepage;

In the first water tank 2, inject the salt water with density ρ _A , and inject the salt water with density ρ _B in the second water tank 3, and ρ _A >ρ _B ;

The flow rates of the first flow meter 7 and the second flow meter 10 are respectively set as Q _A and Q _B , and Q _A : Q _B =1:2;

Turn on the electric mixer 28, the first infusion pump 6 and the second infusion pump 9 in turn, and inject the lower water body with a specific density distribution into the test water tank 1, and the density of the lower water body is linear stratification;

When the liquid level in the test water tank 1 reaches the interface height of the first push plate 16 and the second push plate 17, turn off the first infusion pump 6, the second infusion pump 9 and the electric mixer 28 in turn. At this time, the test water tank 1 The density of the liquid inside is ρ ₀ , then inject the salt water with density ρ _C into the second water tank 3, and ρ _C <ρ ₀ , open the second infusion pump 9;

When the liquid level in the test water tank 1 reaches the height of the upper boundary of the first push plate 16, the second infusion pump 9 is closed to obtain a liquid with a layered cross-section;

A jet fluid with a density of ρ _s is injected into the third water tank 4, and the jet fluid contains nano-tracer particles with a mass percentage concentration of 2‰-5‰, and the nano-tracer particles are polystyrene particles, aluminum powder or fluorescent particles , the flow rate of the third flow meter 13 is set as the jet outflow flow rate, adjust the shape of the jet outlet of the slotted rotary nozzle 14, turn on the third infusion pump 12, and start the buoyant jet, when ρ _s <ρ _A , the buoyant jet is a plume , when ρ _s >ρ _A , the buoyant jet is a fountain, and a high-speed camera is used to record the motion change process of the fluid in the test tank 1;

Turn on the stepper motor 20, the stepper motor 20 drives the second movable pulley 29 in the chute 21 on both sides of the inner bottom of the test tank 1 to move, and the second movable pulley 29 drives the chute on both sides of the top of the test tank 1 during the movement. The first movable pulley 15 in 21 moves in the opposite direction, and then the second movable pulley 29 and the first movable pulley 15 respectively drive the second push plate 17 and the first push plate 16 to move toward each other, push the liquid in the test tank 1, and create an inner isolation Observation of buoyant jet phenomena in an internal solitary wave environment.

The environment in which internal waves occur requires water stratification, and the density distribution of water bodies in the ocean often presents a distribution of uniform mixing above the thermocline and linear stratification below the thermocline. The principle of the layer is as follows:

The flow rates of the first flow meter 7 and the second flow meter 10 are respectively set as Q _A and Q _B , and the first water tank 2 and the second water tank 3 have the same initial volume V at the initial moment, and the first water tank 2 and the second water tank 3 have the same initial volume V. The densities of the saline injected in the water are respectively ρ _A and ρ _B , and ρ _A >ρ _B , when the first infusion pump 6 and the second infusion pump 9 are started, the density of the saline in the second water tank 3 changes, which is denoted as ρ (t), then there are:

ρ(t+Δt)[V-(Q _A -Q _B )(t+Δt)]-ρ(t)[V-(Q _B -Q _A )(t)]=Δt[Q _A ρ _A - Q _B ρ(t)]

In the formula: t is the time, △t is the change of time, ρ(t+△t) is the density at the time of t+△t, so that Q _A : Q _B =1:2 can be solved:

It shows that the density of the outflow brine from the second water tank 3 is a linear function of time, and the lower water body of the test water tank 1 obtained by the "double-cylinder method" is a linear stratified water body. Schematic cross section.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a buoyancy efflux analogue means in interior solitary wave environment which characterized in that: comprises a test water tank (1), a first water tank (2), a second water tank (3), a third water tank (4) and a groove-sticking rotary nozzle (14); the first water tank (2) is sequentially connected with a first infusion pump (6) and a first flowmeter (7) through a first water pipe (5) and then connected with the bottom of the second water tank (3); the second water tank (3) is sequentially connected into a second infusion pump (9) and a second flowmeter (10) through a second water pipe (8) and then connected to the bottom of the test water tank (1); the third water tank (4) is sequentially connected into a third infusion pump (12) and a third flow meter (13) through a third water pipe (11) and then is connected to the bottom of the test water tank (1);

the groove sticking rotating nozzle (14) is arranged at the bottom of the test water tank (1) and is positioned at the outlet of the third water pipe (11);

the two sides of the top and the bottom in the test water tank (1) are respectively and correspondingly provided with a sliding chute (21), and the sliding chutes (21) are formed along the length direction of the test water tank (1);

the inside of the sliding chutes (21) at two sides of the top of the test water tank (1) are respectively provided with a first movable pulley (15), and one end parts of the sliding chutes (21) at two sides of the top are respectively provided with a first fixed pulley (19); the inside of the sliding chutes (21) at two sides of the bottom in the test water tank (1) are respectively provided with a second movable pulley (29), and one end parts of the sliding chutes (21) at two sides of the bottom are respectively provided with a second fixed pulley (30);

the first movable pulley (15), the first fixed pulley (19), the second fixed pulley (30) and the second movable pulley (29) on the same side of the test water tank (1) are connected through thin lines in sequence;

a stepping motor (20) for driving second movable pulleys (29) in sliding grooves (21) on two sides of the bottom is arranged at the bottom in the test water tank (1);

be equipped with first push pedal (16) in experimental basin (1) and set up in second push pedal (17) of first push pedal (16) below, the long limit of first push pedal (16) is close to the top of experimental basin (1), first push pedal (16) wherein two apex angles pass through pull rod (18) with first movable pulley (15) in top both sides spout (21) respectively in experimental basin (1) and are connected, the long limit of second push pedal (17) is close to the bottom of experimental basin (1), second push pedal (17) wherein two apex angles pass through pull rod (18) with second movable pulley (29) in bottom both sides spout (21) respectively in experimental basin (1) and are connected.

2. The buoyant jet simulation apparatus in an internal solitary wave environment of claim 1, wherein: an electric stirrer (28) is arranged at the top in the second water tank (3).

3. The buoyant jet simulation apparatus in an internal solitary wave environment of claim 1, wherein: the groove pasting rotary nozzle (14) comprises a rectangular nozzle (24), a square nozzle (25), a circular nozzle (26) and a triangular nozzle (27).

4. The buoyant jet simulation apparatus in an internal solitary wave environment of claim 1, wherein: the test water tank (1) comprises a steel structure frame (22) and double-layer laminated glass (23) arranged in the steel structure frame (22).

5. The buoyant jet simulation apparatus in an internal solitary wave environment of claim 1, wherein: a gap is reserved between the first push plate (16) and the second push plate (17), and a gap is reserved between the second push plate (17) and the bottom of the test water tank (1); the length of the first push plate (16) and the length of the second push plate (17) are the same as the width of the test water tank (1).

6. A simulation method of a buoyant jet simulation apparatus in an internal soliton wave environment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

the first water tank (2) is filled with the water with the density of rho_AThe brine of (2) is injected into the second water tank (3) with the density of rho_BAnd ρ is a salt water of_A>ρ_B；

The flow rates of the first flow meter (7) and the second flow meter (10) are respectively set to Q_AAnd Q_BAnd Q is_A:Q_B＝1:1～1:2；

Sequentially opening a first infusion pump (6) and a second infusion pump (9), and injecting the lower-layer water body into the test water tank (1);

when the liquid level in the test water tank (1) reaches the interface height of the first push plate (16) and the second push plate (17), the first infusion pump (6) and the second infusion pump (9) are closed in sequence, and the density of the liquid in the test water tank (1) is rho₀Then injecting rho into the second water tank (3) with density_CAnd ρ is a salt water of_C<ρ₀Turning on the second infusion pump (9);

when the liquid level in the test water tank (1) reaches the height of the upper boundary of the first push plate (16), closing the second infusion pump (9) to obtain liquid with a layered section;

the third water tank (4) is filled with water with the density of rho_sThe flow of the third flowmeter (13) is set as the outflow flow of the jet, the shape of the jet outlet of the groove-attaching rotary nozzle (14) is adjusted, the third infusion pump (12) is opened, the buoyancy jet is started, and the movement change process of the fluid in the test water tank (1) is recorded by using a high-speed camera;

the step motor (20) is started, the step motor (20) drives the second movable pulleys (29) in the sliding grooves (21) on two sides of the bottom in the test water tank (1) to move, the second movable pulleys (29) drive the first movable pulleys (15) in the sliding grooves (21) on two sides of the top in the test water tank (1) to move in opposite directions in the moving process, and then the second movable pulleys (29) and the first movable pulleys (15) drive the second push plate (17) and the first push plate (16) to move in opposite directions respectively, so that liquid in the test water tank (1) is pushed, an internal solitary wave is manufactured, and the buoyancy jet phenomenon in the internal solitary wave environment is observed.

7. The method for simulating a buoyant jet simulator in an internal solitary wave environment as defined in claim 6, wherein: when the lower-layer water body is injected into the test water tank (1), the electric stirrer (28) is turned on.

8. The method for simulating a buoyant jet simulator in an internal solitary wave environment as defined in claim 6, wherein: when rho_s<ρ_AThe buoyant jet is a plume; when rho_s>ρ_AIn time, the buoyant jets are fountain.

9. The method for simulating a buoyant jet simulator in an internal solitary wave environment as defined in claim 6, wherein: the jet flow fluid contains nanometer tracer particles with the mass percentage concentration of 2-5 per mill.

10. The method for simulating a buoyant jet simulator in an internal solitary wave environment of claim 9, wherein: the nano tracer particles are polystyrene particles, aluminum powder or fluorescent particles.

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