CN1116033C - 一种治疗阴道炎的泡腾片剂及其制法 - Google Patents
一种治疗阴道炎的泡腾片剂及其制法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的泡腾片剂是由盐酸特比萘芬为治疗剂和崩解剂、填充剂、粘结剂、润滑剂等组成,用于阴道炎的治疗,该泡腾片能快速崩解,其崩解时限约2.8分钟,作用直接而持久,起效快,局部药物浓度大,疗效高,药物剂量小,辅料安全无毒,因此既无局部刺激作用,也无全身不良反应,使用安全。该药剂制备工艺先进、可靠、成本较低,生产效率高,值得推广使用。
Description
本发明属妇科用药物,是一种治疗阴道炎的泡腾片剂。
念珠菌性阴道炎是一种常见的粘膜念珠菌感染,多见于妊娠妇女及糖尿病患者。有报道75%的育龄妇女一生中至少有过一次此菌的感染,而且其中45%的妇女有重复感染史。口服避孕药、糖尿病、免疫缺陷及长期应用抗生素、环境因素、营养情况等皆与此病发病有关。近年来,该病有逐渐增加的趋势。该病的治疗目前主要有两种方法:一种是局部外用给药,常用的药物有制霉菌素霜剂、栓剂、阴道片剂,克霉唑、咪康唑栓剂、霜剂等。多年的临床用药实践表明,这几种药物治疗效果并不理想,其主要缺点为疗效不明显,容易复发,而且局部刺激性较大,患者不愿使用;另一种方法为口服抗真菌药物,如口服酮康唑、氟康唑等。口服疗法具有方便和无局部刺激的优点,但其全身毒付作用较大,如胃肠道反应、头痛、肝酶升高,肝毒性等。随着念珠菌对咪唑类药物耐受现象的日益严重,其治疗效果也并不令人满意。因此,广大妇女患者迫切需要一种理想的治疗药物和方法。
本发明的目的在于提供一种可直接作用于阴道组织,使用简便、起效快、疗效高、无毒付作用,无刺激性的治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的的药剂。
本发明的解决方案是选用盐酸特比萘芬为治疗剂。所说的盐酸特比萘芬是在萘替芬基础上发展起来的新一代烯丙胺类抗真菌药。它抗菌谱广,活性高,疗效迅速。其作用原理为高选择性地抑制真菌角鲨烯环氧化酶,使真菌细胞膜的形成过程受阻,达到杀死或抑制真菌的作用。
盐酸特比萘芬对念珠菌在低浓度下即具有强烈的抑杀作用,其对白念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值比酮康唑要低几十倍。另外,本品还具有直接抗炎作用,这一点对于快速而有效地治疗念珠菌性阴道炎是十分有用的。该品的软膏及片剂国内已有销售,主要用来治疗手足癣、体股癣、花斑癣、甲癣及皮肤念珠菌等病。
就阴道念珠菌而言,盐酸特比萘芬软膏使用起来很不方便,临床上基本不采用。口服片剂主要由于药物难以大量汇集于阴道粘膜,需服用剂量大,从而又会引起对全身毒副作用大的弊端,所以目前临床上也未见使用。本发明研制了一种可直接使用于阴道的盐酸特比萘芬的泡腾片。该泡腾片由盐酸特比萘芬、填充剂甘露醇和崩解剂等组成,其组成(重量%)含量为:1.0-25.0盐酸特比萘芬,10.0-70.0甘露醇,11.0-34.2酒石酸,12.4-38.6碳酸氢钠,2.0-15.0低取代羟丙基纤维素(L-HPC),1.0-8.0羧甲基淀粉钠,0.9-2.5硬脂酸镁和0.1-1.5的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
本发明以酒石酸和碳酸氢钠为酸碱崩解剂,遇水发生反应产生二氧化碳气体,从而使泡腾片快速崩解,其最佳比例为1∶1.13,当然也可以用碳酸钠代替碳酸氢钠。选用的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的分子量在25000-40000之间,如PVPK25或PVPK30等均可使用,组分中使用的低取代羟丙基纤维素,其羟丙氧基含量通常为7-16%,分子量为50000-650000之间,选用的羧甲基淀粉钠也有促进泡腾片快速崩解作用,其置换度通常为0.3-0.5左右。
这种泡腾片剂的配制方法是:首先将盐酸特比萘芬、甘露醇、酒石酸、碳酸氢钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素(L-HPC)和羧甲基淀粉钠微粉化至粒径在25微米以下,在50-60℃下烘干。硬脂酸镁过100目筛。把聚乙烯吡咯烷酮配成5%的无水乙醇溶液,密封保存备用,
接着先把盐酸特比萘芬,羧甲基淀粉钠和低取代羟丙基纤维素按配方比例混合均匀,再依次与甘露醇、酒石酸、碳酸氢钠采用等量递加法混合均匀。然后加入一定量的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乙醇溶液制成软材。用20目尼龙筛制粒后在60-70℃烘干,再用18目尼龙筛整粒后,往整好的颗粒中加入硬脂酸镁作润滑剂,同样以等量递加法混匀。在测定颗粒含量,计算片重后,用异形冲压成椭圆形泡腾片。
本发明的一个重要特点在于制片的组分在制片前均先微粉化至粒径小于25微米。由于特比萘芬疏水性较高,微粉化之后可以提高颗粒的比表面积,使泡腾片崩解后药物更能充分地与病灶接触。而且也提高了泡腾片的崩解速度,其崩解时限从通常的4.6分钟,缩短至2.8分钟,从而使泡腾片起效快,极大地提高了疗效。
本发明的另一个特点是使用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为粘合剂后,简化了制备工艺。通常在制备泡腾片时都需要先分别制备酸、碱两种颗粒,然后再混合压片,这种制片方法,酸、碱颗粒混合不均匀,必然影响泡腾片的崩解性能,而本发明可以一次混合制片,因而既可以大大地简化了制备工艺,也提高了泡腾片的崩解速度和质量。另外由于本发明选用了甘露醇为填充剂,因为甘露醇遇水溶解吸热,因而使得盐酸特比萘芬泡腾片在使用中更具有舒适感。
下面再用一个实例进一步说明这种泡腾片的配制过程。
取经微粉化的盐酸特比萘芬50克,羧甲基淀粉钠37克和低取代羟丙基纤维素(L-HPC)47克混合均匀。接着依次加入470克甘露醇。282克酒石酸及320克碳酸氢钠,以等量递加法混合均匀。然后加入140毫升5%PVPK30无水乙醇溶液,制成软材。用20目尼龙筛制粒,并在60-70℃下烘干,再以18目尼龙筛整粒后,加入17克硬脂酸镁,以等量递加法混匀。在测量颗粒含量、计算片重后,用异形冲压成椭圆形泡腾片。如此可压制成1000粒泡腾片。
使用时,在非月经期于阴道中放入上述泡腾片一粒,每晚一次,连用8片为一疗程,停药一周后复查。
为表明本发明的优越性由山东医科大学附属医院做了治疗念珠菌性阴道炎临床效果观察,并与达克宁栓及制霉菌素泡腾片作对照。病例来源:均为该院妇科就诊者,年令为25-40岁已婚妇女。病程3-15天。两组病例的年龄及病程无差异。
其入选标准:白带增多,外阴阴道搔痒或有烧灼感;妇科检查,外阴阴道充血,分泌物增多;阴道分泌物找到念珠菌。
给药及随访方法:非月经期在阴道内放入泡腾片一片,每晚一次,用8片为一疗程。停药一周复查,并询问症状消失情况。
疗效评定标准:
(1)痊愈:症状及体征消失,阴道分泌物检查念珠菌阴性。
(2)有效:症状及体征减轻,阴道分泌物检查念珠菌阴性。
(3)无效:症状及体征无变化,阴道分泌物检查仍有念珠菌存在。
试验结果表明:试验组10例均获痊愈效果,用药期间未发现不良反应。对照组达克宁栓5例均痊愈,有一例出现过敏反应。制霉菌素泡腾片4例痊愈,1例症状减轻,但阴道分泌物检查念珠菌仍为阳性。
由上述临床试验,通过10例患者的治疗观察,表明盐酸特比萘芬泡腾片治疗念珠菌性阴道炎效果好,疗效高并且无毒副作用,无刺激性。
下面再用几个实例进一步说明本发明的应用效果。
患者,女28岁,因阴部痒、痛、白带多,在我院门诊诊断为念珠菌性阴道炎,用盐酸特比萘芬泡腾片4片感觉症状明显减轻,用药8片(一个疗程)后症状、体征消失,阴道分泌物检查念珠菌阴性,用药期间无任何不良反应。
另外还对5例典型病例进行了临床观察与随访,第一次随访在停药一周后,第二次随访在停药后的第一次月经后,两次随访结果相同,痊愈4例,显效1例。对5例患者用药前后临床表现见表1表1
5例患者用药前后临床表现
| 病临床 例表现 | 例1 | 例2 | 例3 | 例4 | 例5 | |
| 用药前 | A乳酪样分泌物B涂片查菌C外阴痒D阴道粘膜充血 | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ |
| 用药后 | ABCD | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---± |
(-)为痊愈 (±)为显效 (+)为无效。
以上使用结果表明,本发明的优点是很明显的,本发明泡腾片药物剂量小,辅料安全无毒,因此既无局部刺激作用,也无全身不良反应,使用安全。崩解速度快,作用直接而持久,起效快,局部药物浓度大,临床初步试验表明,本品治疗阴道念珠菌病要好于现有的常用治疗药物。该药物制备工艺先进、可靠、成本较低,有明显的社会效益和经济效益,值得推广应用。
下面再用几个实例进一步说明本发明,当然并不局限在这几个实例中。下述实例是以生产1000片泡腾片的配方例。
实 例 1 2 3
组 分 (重量份)
盐酸特比萘芬 25 75 100
甘露醇 1275 382 42.4
酒石酸 300 222 112
碳酸氢钠 340 251 126.4
低取代羟丙基纤维素(L-HPC) 325 80 8
羧甲基淀粉钠 150 40 4.4
硬脂酸镁 55 17 4.4
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPK30) 30 8 2.4
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗念珠菌性阴道炎的泡腾片剂,由粘结剂、填充剂、崩解剂和治疗剂等组分组成,其特征在于所说的泡腾片剂是盐酸特比萘芬泡腾片,其组成含量(重量%)为:1.0-25.0盐酸特比萘芬,10.0-70.0甘露醇,11.0-34.2酒石酸,12.4-38.6碳酸氢钠,2.0-15.0低取代羟丙基纤维素,1.0-8.0羧甲基淀粉钠,0.9-2.5硬脂酸镁,0.1-1.5聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
2.按照权利要求1所述的泡腾片剂,其特征在于用于制片的盐酸特比萘芬、甘露醇、酒石酸、碳酸氢钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素及羧甲基淀粉钠的粒径在25微米以下。
3.按照权利要求1所述的泡腾片剂,其特征在于组分中酒石酸与碳酸氢钠的相对重量比例为1∶1.13。
4.按照权利要求1所述的泡腾片剂的配制方法,其特征在于包括以下配制步骤:
(1)将盐酸特比萘芬、甘露醇、酒石酸、碳酸氢钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素和羧甲基淀粉钠微粉化至粒径为25微米以下,硬脂酸镁过100目筛,烘干;
(2)配制5%的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮无水乙醇溶液;
(3)首先将盐酸特比萘芬、羧甲基淀粉钠和低取代羟丙基纤维素按配比量混合均匀,再依次与甘露醇、酒石酸、碳酸氢钠以等量递加法混合均匀,然后加入5%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乙醇溶液制成软材;
(4)用20目尼龙筛制粒,在60-70℃下烘干后以18目尼龙筛整粒;
(5)往整好粒的颗粒中加入硬脂酸镁,以等量递加法混匀;
(6)测定颗粒含量,计算片重后,压制成椭圆形片剂。
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| CN100364520C (zh) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-01-30 | 魏锐 | 盐酸特比萘芬栓剂及其制备方法 |
| CN101548958B (zh) * | 2008-04-03 | 2012-10-17 | 万特制药(海南)有限公司 | 一种含有盐酸特比萘芬的分散片 |
| CN102335152B (zh) * | 2010-07-20 | 2015-07-08 | 杭州赛利药物研究所有限公司 | 盐酸特比萘芬阴道缓释片及其制备方法 |
| CN109674757A (zh) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-26 | 济南康和医药科技有限公司 | 一种盐酸特比萘芬组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN111346068A (zh) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-06-30 | 云南伦扬科技有限公司 | 一种阴道杀菌泡腾片及其制备方法 |
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