CN111602817A - A kind of dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia and a preparation method thereof. The composition comprises, in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of black wolfberry powder extract and 5-15 parts of Schisandra chinensis powder extract , 2.5-5 parts of licorice extract powder, 10-30 parts of leucine, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 10-30 parts of maltodextrin, Medium chain triglycerides 5-10 parts, vitamin C 0.2-0.5 parts, vitamin E 0.01-0.02 parts, vitamin B 0.0024-0.0046 parts, vitamin D 6*10- ^6-10 * ^10-6 parts, selenium 3*10 ^-5 -5*10 ^-5 parts, zinc 0.008-0.015 parts, magnesium 0.1-0.3 parts. The composition has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and synergizes with protein to promote muscle protein synthesis and improve muscle loss.

Description

A kind of dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nutritional diet and drug research and development, and in particular relates to a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Malnutrition is an important complication in patients with chronic liver disease. According to comprehensive literature reports, the incidence rate is 65%-90% (① Caregaro L, Alberino F, Amodio P, et al. Malnutrition in alcoholic and virus-related cirrhosis [J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1996, 63(4) : 602-609. ② Kerwin A J, Nussbaum M S. Adjuvant Nutrition Management of Patients with Liver Failure, Including Transplant [J]. Surgical Clinics of North America, 2011, 91(3): 565-578.). Among hospitalized patients with cirrhosis, 81% had protein-energy malnutrition. The incidence of malnutrition in patients with Child-Pugh A and B cirrhosis is 21%-40%, and the incidence of malnutrition in C-class patients is 70%-90% (③Meng Q H, Wang J H, Yu H W, et al. Resting Energy Expenditure and Substrate Metabolism in Chinese Patients with Acute or Chronic Hepatitis B or Liver Cirrhosis [J]. Internal Medicine, 2010, 49(19):2085-2091.). 48%-80.3% of liver cirrhosis patients have insufficient caloric intake (④Campillo B, Richardet J P, Scherman E, et al. Evaluation of nutritional practice in hospitalized cirrhotic patients-Results of a prospective study[J].Nutrition,2003,19( 6): 515-521.). Patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation have a higher incidence of malnutrition (⑤Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteraland Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.)) [J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, 2009, 33(3):277-316.). The main manifestations of malnutrition in cirrhosis are decreased skeletal muscle mass and muscle weakness. Such patients are associated with higher mortality and decreased quality of life, especially muscle weakness before liver transplantation predicts poorer clinical outcomes after transplantation. Therefore, nutritional intervention is crucial for chronic liver disease, especially the correction of malnutrition caused by hepatic sarcopenia, which is of great significance for improving clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis.

Hepatic sarcopenia is one of the main manifestations of malnutrition in patients with cirrhosis, but it has not received much attention. Current therapeutic strategies to improve muscle mass in patients with liver cirrhosis include intensive dietary guidance, increased physical activity and exercise, and treatment of primary disease. However, on the one hand, due to insufficient attention paid to the nutritional status of patients with liver cirrhosis, patients often cannot obtain effective nutritional treatment; , decreased motor function, poor treatment tolerance and other factors, making the existing curative effect of the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis unsatisfactory. At present, there is no medicine and food homologous, as a dietary supplement and therapeutic drug combination, which can improve liver function, promote muscle protein synthesis, prevent muscle loss, and prevent and treat hepatic sarcopenia.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the present invention aims at the problems that the treatment measures for hepatic sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis are not well targeted, difficult to implement, poor patient compliance, and insignificant in curative effect, and provides a diet for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia. Compositions and methods of making the same.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, which is composed of the following components according to parts by mass: 5-15 parts of black wolfberry powder extract, 5-15 parts of Schisandra chinensis powder extract 15 parts, 2.5-5 parts of licorice extract powder, 10-30 parts of leucine, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 10-30 parts of maltodextrin 5-10 servings of medium chain triglycerides, 0.2-0.5 servings of vitamin C, 0.01-0.02 servings of vitamin E, 0.0024-0.0046 servings of vitamin B, ⁶ *10-6-10* ^10-6 servings of vitamin D, selenium 3* ^{10-5-5*10-5 parts} , zinc 0.008-0.015 parts, magnesium 0.1-0.3 parts.

Optionally, the vitamin E is alpha-tocopherol.

Optionally, the vitamin B includes vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:0.017.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Prepare black wolfberry extract, Schisandra chinensis extract and licorice extract;

Step 2. Weighing: Weigh each component according to the following parts by mass: 5-15 parts of black wolfberry powder extract, 5-15 parts of Schisandra powder extract, 2.5-5 parts of licorice extract powder, 10-30 parts of leucine parts, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 10-30 parts of maltodextrin, 5-10 parts of medium chain triglycerides, 0.2-0.5 parts of vitamin C , vitamin E0.01-0.02 part, vitamin B0.0024-0.0046 part, vitamin D ⁶ *10-6-10* ^10-6 part, selenium 3* ^{10-5-5*10-5 part} , zinc 0.008-0.015 parts, magnesium 0.1-0.3 parts;

Step 3, water phase preparation: weighed black wolfberry extract, Schisandra chinensis extract, licorice extract, leucine, arginine, lysine, glutamine, maltodextrin, vitamin C, vitamin E , vitamin B, vitamin D, selenium, zinc, magnesium, add purified water, and carry out shearing treatment under constant temperature conditions to prepare an aqueous phase mixture;

Step 4, oil phase preparation: the weighed n-3 fatty acid is stirred evenly under constant temperature conditions to prepare an oil phase mixture;

Step 5. Homogenization and sterilization: add the prepared oil phase mixture to the water phase mixture, stir evenly under constant temperature and shearing conditions, adjust the pH to 6.5-7, and homogenize 1-4 times; The mixture is sterilized, and after sterilization, the suspension is cooled to below 30 °C and sent to the finished product tank;

Step 6. Filling and sterilization: under the protection of inert gas, the suspension in the finished product tank is put into a glass bottle through a filling machine and sealed; the sealed glass bottle is post-sterilized to prepare a suspension , which is a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia.

Optionally, the preparation of the black wolfberry extract, the Schisandra chinensis extract and the licorice extract in the step 1 is specifically:

Step 1.1. Dry and pulverize fresh black wolfberry at a temperature of 55 °C to prepare black wolfberry powder. Precisely weigh the black wolfberry powder, add 50% ethanol at 1:25 (g/mL), and extract at 70 °C for 3 times. 2h/time, concentrated under reduced pressure, and freeze-dried to obtain black wolfberry extract;

Step 1.2. Dry and pulverize Schisandra chinensis at a temperature of 60°C to prepare Schisandra chinensis powder, accurately weigh Schisandra chinensis powder, add 70% ethanol according to 1:10 (g/mL), and extract by refluxing at 80°C for 3 times, 2h/time, reduce Pressed and concentrated, freeze-dried to obtain Schisandra chinensis extract;

Step 1.3, pulverize the dried licorice to prepare licorice powder, accurately weigh the licorice powder, add 60% ethanol at 1:20 (g/mL), extract twice at 70°C under reflux, 1h/time, concentrate under reduced pressure, freeze-dry That is, the Schisandra chinensis extract is obtained.

Optionally, the temperature of the purified water in the step 3 is 25-50° C., the temperature of the constant temperature condition is 25-50° C., and the shearing speed is 3000-8000 rpm/min.

Optionally, the temperature of the constant temperature condition in the step 4 is 30-70° C., and the stirring speed is 3000-8000 rpm/min.

Optionally, the temperature of the constant temperature condition in the step 5 is 25-50°C, the stirring speed is 3000-8000rpm/min, the homogenizing pressure is 40-65Mpa, the sterilization temperature is 138-141°C, and the sterilization time is 3-10s.

Optionally, the sterilization time in the step 6 is 3-30 minutes, the sterilization temperature is 115-125° C., and the FO value is 12-18 minutes.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention can obtain the following technical effects:

1) The present invention achieves very excellent effects of protecting the liver, promoting muscle protein synthesis, and preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia. The rich leucine in the product of the invention is beneficial to protect liver function and promote the recovery and regeneration of damaged liver cells. The dietary supplementation of patients with a higher proportion of leucine, in conjunction with arginine, lysine, and glutamine, can reverse the decline of muscle mass and function in patients with liver cirrhosis. The total amino acid supply does not exceed 50g/d, and leucine is the mainstay. While maintaining the patient's positive nitrogen balance, it is not easy to induce hepatic encephalopathy. A variety of medicinal and food homologous substances (black wolfberry, schisandra, licorice) are used in clinical patients with liver cirrhosis, which has a good effect on improving liver function, promoting muscle protein synthesis, and improving muscle loss.

2) The product of the present invention has high compliance, that is, palatability, which is very important for foods for special medical purposes. The taste of the product not only affects the effect of nutritional therapy, but also affects the market promotion of the product. The leucine and arginine in the raw materials of the present invention all have a strong bitter taste, and the glutamine tastes slightly sweet. This is due to the relative balance of free amino acids, the harmony of the tastes of black wolfberry, schisandra and licorice extracts, and the mutual synergy of various flavor substances.

3) The product of the present invention has high patient compliance. The present invention belongs to a non-full nutritional formula, and increases the dosage of effective ingredients, such as leucine, vitamins and minerals. Compared with the traditional enteral nutritional preparation for liver disease, it needs to be used in large doses for multiple times, and has the advantage of better compliance. At present, there is no dietary supplement on the market that can protect liver and increase muscle for patients with liver cirrhosis. The huge market gap and the significant curative effect of the product of the present invention are all guarantees of high patient compliance. In addition, the dietary supplement is a suspension, which can be directly taken orally without being restricted by the environment, which further ensures the convenience of its use.

Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned technical effects at the same time.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with the following examples, so as to fully understand and implement the implementation process of how to apply technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects of the present invention.

The invention discloses a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, which is composed of the following components according to parts by mass: 5-15 parts of black wolfberry powder extract, 5-15 parts of Schisandra chinensis powder extract, and licorice extract 2.5-5 parts of powder, 10-30 parts of leucine, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 10-30 parts of maltodextrin, medium chain triglyceride Ester 5-10 parts, vitamin C 0.2-0.5 part, vitamin E 0.01-0.02 part, vitamin B 0.0024-0.0046 part, vitamin D6*10-6-10* ^10-6 part, selenium ³ * ^10-5-5 * ^10-5 parts, zinc 0.008-0.015 parts, magnesium 0.1-0.3 parts.

Wherein, the vitamin E is α-tocopherol.

Vitamin B includes vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:0.017.

The formula of the invention has the effects of protecting liver, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation, and each component synergistically promotes muscle protein synthesis and improves muscle reduction.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Preparation of black wolfberry, schisandra, and licorice extracts:

Step 1.1. Take fresh black wolfberry, dry and pulverize at 55°C, accurately weigh black wolfberry powder, add 50% ethanol according to 1:25 (g/mL), reflux at 70°C for 3 times, 2h/time, concentrate under reduced pressure, freeze-dry That is, the black wolfberry extract is obtained;

Step 1.2, Schisandra chinensis was dried at 60°C and then pulverized, accurately weighed Schisandra chinensis powder, added 70% ethanol according to 1:10 (g/mL), refluxed and extracted at 80°C for 3 times, 2h/time, concentrated under reduced pressure, and freeze-dried to obtain Schisandra chinensis extract;

Step 1.3, pulverize the dried licorice, accurately weigh the licorice powder, add 60% ethanol at 1:20 (g/mL), extract twice at 70°C under reflux, 1h/time, concentrate under reduced pressure, and freeze-dry to obtain the Schisandra chinensis extract .

Step 2. Weighing: Weigh the components according to the following parts by mass: 5-15 parts of black wolfberry powder extract, 5-15 parts of Schisandra powder extract, 2.5-5 parts of licorice extract powder, 20-30 parts of leucine parts, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 20-30 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of n-3 fatty acids, 0.2-0.5 parts of vitamin C, Vitamin E0.007-0.014 part, vitamin B0.0024-0.0046 part, vitamin D 6*10-6-10* ^10-6 part, selenium 3* ^10-5-6 * ^10-5 part, zinc ^0.007-0.012 part , 0.1-0.3 parts of magnesium;

Step 3, water phase preparation: weighed black wolfberry, schisandra, licorice extract, leucine, arginine, lysine, glutamine, maltodextrin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B, Vitamin D, selenium, zinc, magnesium, add purified water at 25-50 ℃, under the constant temperature condition of purified water at 25-50 ℃, use a shearing machine under the condition of strong shearing speed of 3000-8000rpm/min to prepare an aqueous phase mixture ;

Step 4. Oil phase preparation: the weighed n-3 fatty acid is stirred evenly at a constant temperature of 30-70°C at a rotational speed of 300-800 rpm/min to prepare an oil phase mixture;

Step 5. Homogenization and sterilization: add the prepared oil phase mixture to the water phase mixture, stir evenly at a constant temperature of 25-50 ℃ and a strong shearing speed of 3000-8000 rpm/min with a shearing machine, and adjust the pH to 6.5-7, homogenize 1-4 times under pressure of 40-65MPa; sterilize the homogenized mixture at 138-141℃ for 3-10s, and cool the suspension to below 30℃ after sterilization into the finished product tank;

Step 6. Filling and sterilization: under the protection of inert gas, put the suspension in the finished tank into glass bottles through a filling machine and seal them; post-sterilize the sealed glass bottles at 115-125°C Under sterilization for 3-30min, FO value 12-18min, the special medical dietary suspension for prevention and treatment of hepatic sarcopenia is obtained.

The dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia prepared by the present invention has reasonable matching of nutritional components, appropriate processing technology, and can maintain uniform and stable product state, taste and nutritional components for a long time, and the produced product does not contain preservatives , synthetic sweeteners.

Among the ethanol extracts of black wolfberry extract, Schisandra chinensis extract and licorice extract with different concentrations, the total phenol and flavonoid contents of the extracts are the highest at the above ethanol concentrations, and the scavenging ability to DPPH, ABTS+ free radicals and iron ion reducing ability are the highest. Strong, with high antioxidant activity. And under the above extraction conditions of ethanol concentration and temperature, the yield of total phenols and flavonoids in the extract was the highest.

The dietary nutrient suspension prepared by the invention is firstly added with minerals to fully disperse and dissolve uniformly, and then stir uniformly with a shearing machine at a strong shear speed of 3000-8000rpm/min. The product is sterilized at 115-125°C for 3- 30min, no protein precipitation occurs in a long shelf life, and the stability is good. Example 1

A dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising the following components according to parts by mass: black wolfberry powder extract 5g, Schisandra chinensis powder extract 5g, licorice extract powder 2.5g, leucine 10g, Amino Acid 5g, Lysine 1.5g, Glutamine 5g, Maltodextrin 10g, Medium Chain Triglyceride 5g, Vitamin C 200mg, Vitamin E (α-TE) 10mg, Vitamin B (B10.8mg, B2 0.8mg) , B6 0.8mg, B12 1.36ug), vitamin D 6ug, selenium 30ug, zinc 8mg, magnesium 100mg.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia is as follows:

Step 1. Preparation of black wolfberry, schisandra, and licorice extracts:

Step 1.1. Take fresh black wolfberry, dry and pulverize at 55°C, accurately weigh black wolfberry powder, add 50% ethanol according to 1:25 (g/mL), reflux at 70°C for 3 times, 2h/time, concentrate under reduced pressure, freeze-dry That is, the black wolfberry extract is obtained;

Step 1.2, Schisandra chinensis was dried at 60°C and then pulverized, accurately weighed Schisandra chinensis powder, added 70% ethanol according to 1:10 (g/mL), refluxed and extracted at 80°C for 3 times, 2h/time, concentrated under reduced pressure, and freeze-dried to obtain Schisandra chinensis extract;

Step 1.3, pulverize the dried licorice, accurately weigh the licorice powder, add 60% ethanol at 1:20 (g/mL), extract twice at 70°C under reflux, 1h/time, concentrate under reduced pressure, and freeze-dry to obtain the Schisandra chinensis extract .

Step 2. Preparation of water phase: Weigh the water phase components according to the above amounts, and the water phase components include black wolfberry, Schisandra chinensis, licorice extract, leucine, arginine, lysine, glutamine, malto paste Essence, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B, vitamin D, selenium, zinc, magnesium, add purified water at 25-50 °C, under the constant temperature condition of purified water at 25-50 °C, under strong shear conditions of 3000-8000rpm/min , the aqueous phase mixture was prepared;

Step 3, oil phase preparation: weigh the oil phase components according to the amount, and the oil phase components include n-3 fatty acids, and the oil phase components are kept at a constant temperature of 30-70 ° C at a rotational speed of 300-800 rpm/min Stir well to prepare an oil phase mixture;

Step 4. Homogenization and sterilization: add the prepared oil phase mixture to the water phase mixture, stir evenly at a constant temperature of 35°C and strong shearing conditions of 5500rpm/min, adjust the pH to 6.8, and homogenize the mixture at a pressure of 40-65MpPa. Homogenize 3 times; sterilize the homogenized mixture at 138-141°C for 3-10s, cool the suspension to below 30°C after sterilization, and then send it to the finished product tank;

Step 5. Filling and post-sterilization: under the protection of inert gas, the suspension in the finished tank is filled into glass bottles through a filling machine and sealed; Sterilize at ℃ for 3-30 min, FO value is 12-18 min, and prepare a suspension, which is a dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia.

Example 2

A dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising the following components according to parts by mass: 10 g of black wolfberry powder extract, 10 g of schisandra powder extract, 3.5 g of licorice extract powder, 15 g of leucine, Amino acid 6g, lysine 2g, glutamine 8g, maltodextrin 15g, medium chain triglyceride 8g, vitamin C 300mg, vitamin E (α-TE) 15mg, vitamin B (B10.1mg, B2 0.1mg, B6 0.1mg, B12 1.7ug), vitamin D 8ug, selenium 40ug, zinc 10mg, magnesium 200mg.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia is the same as that in Example 1.

Example 3

A dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising the following components according to parts by mass: 15 g of black wolfberry powder extract, 15 g of schisandra powder extract, 5 g of licorice extract powder, 30 g of leucine, arginine Acid 7.5g, Lysine 2.25g, Glutamine 10g, Maltodextrin 30g, Medium Chain Triglyceride 10g, Vitamin C 500mg, Vitamin E (α-TE) 20mg, Vitamin B (B1 0.15mg, B2 0.15mg , B6 0.15mg, B12 2.5ug), vitamin D10ug, selenium 50ug, zinc 15mg, magnesium 300mg.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia is the same as that in Example 1.

Comparative Example 1

A dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising 30 mg of leucine, 7.5 mg of arginine, 2.25 mg of lysine, 10 g of glutamine, 30 g of maltodextrin, 10 g of medium chain triglycerides, Vitamin C 500mg, Vitamin E (α-TE) 20mg, Vitamin B (B1 0.15mg, B2 0.15mg, B6 0.15mg, B12 2.5ug) 4mg, Vitamin D10ug, Selenium 50ug, Zinc 15mg, Magnesium 300mg.

Comparative Example 2

A dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia, comprising 15 g of black wolfberry powder extract, 15 g of Schisandra powder extract, 5 g of licorice extract powder, 7.5 mg of arginine, 2.25 mg of lysine, glutamine 10g, Maltodextrin 30g, Medium Chain Triglyceride 10g, Vitamin C 500mg, Vitamin E (α-TE) 20mg, Vitamin B (B1 0.15mg, B2 0.15mg, B60.15mg, B12 2.5ug) 4mg, Vitamin D 10ug , Selenium 50ug, Zinc 15mg, Magnesium 300mg.

Below in conjunction with concrete experimental data, the technical effect of the present invention is described:

1. Materials and methods

1.1 Research objects: 300 patients with decompensated cirrhosis who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected and divided into treatment groups 1-5 (50 cases each) and control group (50 cases). The diagnostic criteria were implemented in accordance with the diagnostic criteria in the 2000 edition ((The Viral Hepatitis Prevention and Control Program) and the 2003 edition of the "Diagnostic Criteria for Alcoholic Liver Disease". The main exclusion criteria included: those who had upper gastrointestinal bleeding within 2 weeks before admission; those with diabetes and blood sugar Those who cannot be controlled, those with malignant tumors; those with clinical manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy; those with definite infection.

1.2 Treatment methods: (1) All four groups were given routine liver protection and antiviral therapy; (2) Nutritional support therapy: The treatment group was given nutritional intervention according to Table 1 on the basis of conventional therapy for 4 weeks, during which no plasma and albumin. The control group was given regular diet, and the patients with plasma albumin (Alb) less than 30g/L were given 1-2 human blood Alb (10/tube) and 200-400ml fresh frozen plasma per week. Both groups were followed up for 4 weeks.

Table 1 Nutritional therapy regimen for the treatment group

1.3 Observation indicators: Record the baseline and 4 weeks of nutritional intervention. (1) Anthropometric parameters deltoid fold (triceps skin fold, TSF), body mass index (BMI), upper arm circumference (mid- armcircumference, MAC), grip strength; use InBody720 to measure body weight, limb muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle mass, ASM); (2) albumin (Albumin, ALB), prealbumin (PA), nitrogen balance (nitrogen balance) (g/d) = intake of nitrogen (g/d) - (24h urea nitrogen + 4g)), cholinesterase (CHE), transaminase and bilirubin levels; (3) Record anorexia, fatigue , Abdominal distention, nausea improvement in subjective symptoms.

表示，多个样本均数比较采用重复测量的方差分析，率的比较采用χ²检验，P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。1.4 Statistical method: SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and measurement data were used as mean ± standard deviation

The mean of multiple samples was compared by repeated measures analysis of variance, and the rate was compared by χ ² test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

2. Results

As can be seen from Table 2, after routine clinical treatment combined with 4 weeks of nutritional therapy in treatment groups 1-5, BMI, TSF, MAC, grip strength, and ASM all increased compared with those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); Compared with the control group, the above-mentioned anthropometric parameters in the treatment groups 2-4 increased significantly after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group, and the effect of increasing the above-mentioned parameters in the treatment group 3 was more prominent.

Table 2 Changes of anthropometric parameters in each group before and after treatment

Compared with before treatment, *P<0.05; compared with control group, #P<0.05

As can be seen from Table 3, after routine clinical treatment combined with 4 weeks of nutritional treatment in the treatment group 1-5 and the control group, the ALB, PA, nitrogen balance ALT, TBil, and CHE were all improved compared with those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); ALB and PA in the treatment group 2-4 were significantly increased compared with the control group after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the treatment group 3 had a more prominent effect on improving the above biochemical indicators.

Table 3 Comparison of biochemical indexes of liver function and nitrogen balance in each group before and after treatment

Compared with before treatment, *P<0.05; compared with control group, #P<0.05

As can be seen from Table 4, the anorexia, abdominal distension, fatigue and nausea of the treatment groups 1-5 after routine clinical treatment combined with 4 weeks of nutritional therapy were significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.01). ; The effect of treatment group 3 in improving the above symptoms is more prominent.

Table 4 Improvement of clinical symptoms and signs after treatment (n/(%))

*P < 0.01 (multiple comparisons of multiple sample rates, adjusted test level α = 0.01) compared to the control group

Leucine, isoleucine, and valine are all branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), and a low BCAA to aromatic amino acid (AAA) ratio in plasma is considered a physiological marker of liver cirrhosis. Clinical observations during the design process of the present invention found that leucine exhibited a concentration-dependent effect on muscle maintenance and enhancement. Administration of 10-15 g of leucine per day in treatment groups 1 and 2 prevented the decline in muscle leucine, while treatment group 3, given 30 g of leucine per day, not only significantly increased leucine levels, but also significantly increased the patient's body mass index (BMI). ), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), upper arm muscle circumference (MAC), grip strength, and limb musculature (ASM) were all increased compared with those before treatment. In Comparative Example 2, after removing leucine, the effect of improving the above-mentioned human measurement and correcting nitrogen balance is not significant. Lysine is one of the essential amino acids for human body. Patients with liver cirrhosis often suffer from insufficient lysine intake due to a grain-based diet or dietary restriction. Since muscle protein is rich in lysine, any stimulus beyond maintaining muscle growth requires a certain amount of lysine to be added to the diet. Glutamine is an important transporter of nitrogen and carbon in the body, providing a nitrogen source for the synthesis of other amino acids and proteins, which can increase the volume of muscle cells and inhibit protein decomposition. At the same time, improve the body's antioxidant capacity. Supplementing glutamine can improve the body's antioxidant capacity by maintaining and increasing the reserve of glutathione in tissue cells, stabilize cell membrane and protein structure, and protect the function of liver and immune cells. The treatment group 3 of the present invention applied a higher dose of leucine supplemented with arginine, lysine, and glutamine to patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, whose serum albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA) ) was significantly improved compared with before treatment, and the curative effect was significant compared with treatment groups 1 and 2. The negative nitrogen balance was effectively improved, amino acid imbalance was corrected, protein synthesis was synergistically promoted, and the negative nitrogen balance of patients was improved.

The dietary supplementation of patients with a higher proportion of leucine, in conjunction with arginine, lysine, and glutamine, can reverse the decline of muscle mass and function in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, excessive protein supplementation is easy to induce hepatic encephalopathy, especially for patients with liver cirrhosis with poor nutritional status, so the total amino acid supply of the present invention does not exceed 50g/d, and leucine is the mainstay, keeping the patient's positive nitrogen At the same time of balance, it is not easy to induce hepatic encephalopathy.

Carbohydrates have a protective effect on proteins and promote the utilization of amino acids. Supplementing carbohydrates can increase the glycogen reserve in the liver, which is very important for maintaining the activity of liver microsomal enzymes and enhancing the resistance of liver cells to poisons. When patients have anorexia, appropriate intake of maltodextrin can provide energy, preserve protein, and help reverse muscle loss in patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to clinical liver cirrhosis patients, not only the nutritional status is improved, but the levels of ALB and PA are significantly improved compared with those before treatment, and subjective symptoms such as anorexia, fatigue, abdominal distension and nausea are also significantly improved. Medium chain triglyceride (MCT) has the characteristics of small molecular weight and high solubility. It does not pass through the lymphatic system and directly enters the liver through the portal vein, and has a rapid oxidation function. However, because MCT is easily digested quickly, it will form a high osmotic pressure in the lumen of the small intestine. Therefore, eating a large amount of MCT may cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal distension. The treatment groups 1-3 of the present invention were given MCT 5-10 g/day to patients with liver cirrhosis, which improved the nutritional status of the patients, promoted protein synthesis, and did not increase gastrointestinal discomfort.

Muscle loss in patients with cirrhosis is due to reduced nutrient stimulation of muscle protein synthesis, resulting in a weakened anabolic effect of dietary intake, known as muscle anabolic resistance. Furthermore, oxidative stress and/or low-grade inflammation are associated with frailty due to sarcopenia in cirrhosis, leading to anabolic resistance. In order to use black wolfberry, licorice and schisandra to prepare safe, efficient and pure natural antioxidants, the present invention tries to obtain extracts under various conditions, and finds that under the conditions of solvent concentration, temperature and other conditions provided by the present invention, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts It has the highest scavenging ability to DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals and iron ion reduction ability, and has high antioxidant activity. And the extract has the highest yield of total phenols and flavonoids, and synergizes with the amino acids in the formula to promote muscle protein synthesis and improve muscle loss. Comparative Example 1 After removing the extracts of black wolfberry, licorice and schisandra, the improvement of anthropometric parameters, various biochemical indicators of liver function and nitrogen balance were all weaker than those of treatment groups 1-3.

Vitamin deficiencies are very common in patients with cirrhosis. Vitamin B has the effect of protecting liver cells and preventing fatty liver. At the same time, B vitamins are conducive to the rapid clearance of lactic acid (B vitamins are necessary in the process of lactic acid metabolism) and reduce muscle soreness. Adequate daily vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation can help slow liver cell damage. In addition, as antioxidant vitamins, vitamin C and vitamin E also inhibit the anabolic resistance of muscle protein. Serum selenium levels in patients with chronic liver disease decreased by about 30% on average. Supplementation of zinc and selenium can improve the metabolism of amino acids in patients with liver cirrhosis, thereby improving hepatic encephalopathy.

The foregoing specification illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, but as previously mentioned, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as an exclusion of other embodiments, but may be used in a variety of other Combinations, modifications and environments are possible within the scope of the inventive concepts described herein, from the above teachings or from skill or knowledge in the relevant fields. However, modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention, and should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A dietary composition for preventing and treating hepatic sarcopenia is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of lycium ruthenicum powder extract, 5-15 parts of schisandra chinensis powder extract, 2.5-5 parts of licorice extract powder, 10-30 parts of leucine, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 10-30 parts of maltodextrin, 5-10 parts of medium-chain triglyceride, 0.2-0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.01-0.02 part of vitamin E, 0.0024-0.0046 part of vitamin B, and 10-one of vitamin D6⁶-10*10^-6Portion, selenium 3 x 10^-5-5*10^-50.008 to 0.015 portion of zinc and 0.1 to 0.3 portion of magnesium.

2. The dietary composition for preventing sarcopenia according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin E is alpha-tocopherol.

3. The dietary composition for preventing sarcopenia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin B comprises vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 0.017.

4. A method for preparing a dietary composition for the prevention and treatment of hepatic sarcopenia, comprising the steps of:

step 1, preparing a lycium ruthenicum extract, a schisandra chinensis extract and a liquorice extract;

step 2, weighing: weighing the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of lycium ruthenicum powder extract, 5-15 parts of schisandra chinensis powder extract, 2.5-5 parts of licorice extract powder, 10-30 parts of leucine, 5-7.5 parts of arginine, 1.5-2.25 parts of lysine, 5-10 parts of glutamine, 10-30 parts of maltodextrin, 5-10 parts of medium-chain triglyceride, 0.2-0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.01-0.02 part of vitamin E, 0.0024-0.0046 part of vitamin B, and 10-one of vitamin D6⁶-10*10^-6Portion, selenium 3 x 10^-5-5*10^-50.008 to 0.015 part of zinc and 0.1 to 0.3 part of magnesium;

step 3, preparing a water phase: adding purified water into the weighed lycium ruthenicum extract, schisandra chinensis extract, liquorice extract, leucine, arginine, lysine, glutamine, maltodextrin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B, vitamin D, selenium, zinc and magnesium, and shearing at constant temperature to prepare a water-phase mixture;

step 4, oil phase preparation: uniformly stirring the weighed n-3 fatty acid under the constant temperature condition to prepare an oil phase mixture;

step 5, homogenizing and sterilizing: adding the prepared oil phase mixture into the water phase mixture, stirring uniformly under constant temperature and shearing conditions, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7, and homogenizing for 1-4 times; sterilizing the homogenized mixture, cooling the suspension to below 30 deg.C, and transferring into a finished product tank;

step 6, filling and sterilizing: filling the suspension in the finished product tank into a glass bottle through a filling machine under the protection of inert gas and sealing the glass bottle; and (3) sterilizing the sealed glass bottle to prepare a suspension, namely the dietary composition for preventing and treating the hepatic sarcopenia.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the Lycium ruthenicum extract, the Schisandra chinensis extract and the licorice extract prepared in the step 1 are specifically:

step 1.1, drying and crushing fresh lycium ruthenicum at 55 ℃ to prepare lycium ruthenicum powder, precisely weighing the lycium ruthenicum powder, adding 50% ethanol according to a ratio of 1:25(g/mL), carrying out reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 3 times, carrying out reflux extraction for 2 hours/time, carrying out reduced pressure concentration, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain a lycium ruthenicum extract;

step 1.2, drying and crushing the schisandra chinensis at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare schisandra chinensis powder, precisely weighing the schisandra chinensis powder, adding 70% ethanol according to a ratio of 1:10(g/mL), carrying out reflux extraction at 80 ℃ for 3 times and 2 h/time, concentrating under reduced pressure, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain a schisandra chinensis extract;

step 1.3, crushing the dried liquorice to prepare liquorice powder, precisely weighing the liquorice powder, adding 60% ethanol according to a ratio of 1:20(g/mL), carrying out reflux extraction for 2 times and 1 h/time at 70 ℃, concentrating under reduced pressure, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain the schisandra extract.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the purified water in step 3 is 25-50 ℃, the temperature of the constant temperature condition is 25-50 ℃, and the shear rotation speed is 3000-8000 rpm/min.

7. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature condition in step 4 is 30-70 ℃, and the stirring speed is 3000-8000 rpm/min.

8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature condition in step 5 is 25-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 3000-8000rpm/min, the homogeneous pressure is 40-65 MPa, the sterilization temperature is 138-141 ℃, and the sterilization time is 3-10 s.

9. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sterilization time in step 6 is 3-30min, the sterilization temperature is 115-125 ℃, and the FO value is 12-18 min.