CN111562127B - Engineering machinery complete machine operability test method and test device - Google Patents
Engineering machinery complete machine operability test method and test device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种工程机械整机操控性测试方法及测试装置，涉及工程机械技术领域，包括：持续获取操作部的从多个操作位置中的第一者转换至多个操作位置中的第二者的过程中的位移信号，并持续获取执行机构的从多个运动状态中与第一者对应的一者转换至多个运动状态中与第二者对应的另一者的过程中的速度信号；将获取到的位移信号和获取到的速度信号置于同一时间轴上，得到操作部的操作位置转换的时间段和执行机构的运动状态转换完成的时间段，根据速度信号确定卷筒机构的运动状态转换的时间点，计算工程机械的响应时间。如此极大满足所需数据以及相应的计算要求，为产品性能提供真实有效的数据。相比传统测试方法，提高了作业精度及准确性。
The present application provides a method and device for testing the controllability of a complete engineering machinery, which relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and includes: continuously acquiring a displacement signal of an operating part during the process of switching from a first of a plurality of operating positions to a second of a plurality of operating positions, and continuously acquiring a speed signal of an actuator during the process of switching from one of a plurality of motion states corresponding to the first to another of a plurality of motion states corresponding to the second; placing the acquired displacement signal and the acquired speed signal on the same time axis, obtaining a time period for the operation position switching of the operating part and a time period for the motion state switching of the actuator, determining the time point for the motion state switching of the reel mechanism according to the speed signal, and calculating the response time of the engineering machinery. This greatly satisfies the required data and the corresponding calculation requirements, and provides real and effective data for product performance. Compared with traditional testing methods, the operation precision and accuracy are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a method and a device for testing the operability of a whole engineering machinery.
Background
The whole machine operability is an important index for evaluating the performance quality of engineering machinery, the operability test on the engineering machinery at present depends on the personal subjective feeling of operators under many conditions, and a simple instrument (such as a stopwatch) is used for recording some time indexes, so that the specialty is insufficient and certain unilateral performance exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a method and a device for testing the operability of an engineering machine, which aims to solve the above technical problems to a certain extent.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for testing the operability of a complete machine of an engineering machine, for an engineering machine, where the engineering machine includes:
The device comprises an operation part and an execution mechanism, wherein the operation part can control the execution mechanism to move;
The operation part comprises a plurality of operation positions, and the motion state of the actuating mechanism is provided with a plurality of motion states corresponding to the operation positions respectively;
the method for testing the operability of the whole engineering machinery comprises the following steps:
A pickup step of continuously acquiring a displacement signal of the operation section in a process of switching from a first one of a plurality of the operation positions to a second one of a plurality of the operation positions, and continuously acquiring a velocity signal of the actuator in a process of switching from one of a plurality of the motion states corresponding to the first one to another one of a plurality of the motion states corresponding to the second one;
And an analysis step of placing the obtained displacement signal and the obtained speed signal on the same time axis to obtain a time period for converting the operation position of the operation part and a time period for converting the motion state of the execution mechanism, determining a time point for completing the motion state conversion of the execution mechanism according to the speed signal, and calculating the response time of the engineering machinery.
Preferably, the operating position comprises a neutral position, a first start position and a second start position, and the movement state comprises a rest state, a first speed state and a second speed state corresponding to the neutral position, the first start position and the second start position, respectively;
when the operation part is switched from the middle position to the first starting position, the execution mechanism is switched from the static state to the first speed state, and the analysis step calculates to obtain starting response time in the response time;
when the operation part is switched from the first starting position to the middle position, the execution mechanism is switched from the first speed state to the static state, and the analysis step calculates the stopping response time in the response time;
when the operation part is switched from the first starting position to the second starting position, the executing mechanism is switched from the first speed state to the second speed state, and the analysis step calculates the acceleration response time in the response time.
Preferably, when the operating portion is shifted from the neutral position to the first start position:
Acquiring a time point when the executing mechanism starts accelerating on the time axis, and acquiring a displacement signal corresponding to the operating part at the time point and defining the displacement signal as an idle stroke signal;
Acquiring a displacement signal when the operation part is positioned at a first starting position on the time axis and defining the displacement signal as a total stroke signal;
the percentage of the idle travel signal to the total travel signal is defined as an idle travel index.
Preferably, the actuator is capable of releasing the rope when moving, and the operation of the operating portion to complete switching from the neutral position to the first start position and back to the neutral position is defined as a jog operation in a time range of 0.3 seconds to 1 second;
the picking up step further includes obtaining a length of the rope released by the actuator after one click operation, the length of the rope at the release being defined as a click out amount.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a testing device for executing the method for testing the operability of the whole engineering machinery.
Preferably, the operation section controls the actuator via a hydraulic system, and the test device includes:
a displacement pickup mechanism for picking up the displacement of the operation part and outputting a displacement signal;
The speed pickup mechanism is used for picking up the speed of the executing mechanism and outputting a speed signal;
and the data acquisition mechanism is in communication connection with both the displacement pickup mechanism and the speed pickup mechanism and is used for receiving the displacement signal and the speed signal.
Preferably, the construction machine further includes a armrest box having a mounting surface, the operating portion is formed as an operating handle mounted to the mounting surface, and the displacement pickup mechanism includes:
a support assembly disposed on the mounting surface;
the displacement sensor is used for picking up the displacement of the operating handle so as to transmit the output displacement signal to the data acquisition mechanism;
and a coupling member coupling the displacement sensor.
Preferably, the support assembly includes a first support member and a second support member connected to each other, the first support member being provided to the mounting surface, the second support member extending toward the operating handle, the displacement sensor being mounted to the second support member;
The coupling member is formed as a flexible cord that is parallel to the mounting surface when the operating handle is in the neutral position.
Preferably, the actuator is formed as a spool mechanism, the speed pickup mechanism further comprising:
A synchronizing assembly in close fit with the spool mechanism to interlock with the spool mechanism;
The speed sensor is arranged on the synchronous component and used for acquiring the rotation speed of the synchronous component so as to convey the speed signal to the data acquisition mechanism.
Preferably, the synchronization assembly includes:
a wheel member including a flexible wheel portion having an outer side portion closely fitted with the outer side portion of the spool mechanism, and a shaft portion partially accommodated inside the sleeve member and rotatable relative to the sleeve member;
a tensioning seat and a tensioning member, both ends of the tensioning member being respectively connected with the sleeve member and the tensioning seat to maintain a tight fit of the flexible wheel portion with the reel mechanism;
The speed sensor is formed as an encoder provided to the shaft portion;
and direct-current transmitters are arranged between the data acquisition mechanism and the displacement pickup mechanism and between the data acquisition mechanism and the speed pickup mechanism.
According to the engineering machinery whole machine operability testing method, the displacement of the operation part and the speed of the execution mechanism are displayed on the same time axis, so that data required by a testing engineer and corresponding calculation requirements are greatly met, and real and effective data are provided for product performance. Compared with the traditional stopwatch and level meter testing method, the operation precision and accuracy are greatly improved.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a test apparatus.
Reference numerals:
1-operation handle, 2-displacement sensor, 3-support component, 4-reel mechanism, 5-wheel component, 6-encoder, 7-data acquisition mechanism and 8-armrest box.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the application are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.
The embodiment provides a method for testing the operability of the whole engineering machinery, which is used for engineering machinery, wherein the engineering machinery comprises an operating handle 1 and a winding drum mechanism 4, and the operating handle 1 can control the winding drum mechanism 4 to rotate through a hydraulic system. In an embodiment, the operating handle 1 may be provided to the armrest box 8. Specifically, the armrest box 8 may be formed with a mounting surface, as shown in fig. 1, that is, an upper surface of the armrest box 8 shown in fig. 1. In an embodiment, the method for testing the operability of the whole engineering machinery is performed by a testing device, and the specific structure of the testing device will be described in detail below.
In an embodiment, the test device picks up the parameters. In particular, the test apparatus may include a displacement pickup mechanism and a velocity pickup mechanism. Wherein the displacement pickup mechanism may be used to pick up the displacement of the operating handle 1 and output a displacement signal, and the speed pickup mechanism may be used to pick up the rotational speed of the spool mechanism 4 and output a speed signal.
The test device may also comprise a data acquisition mechanism 7, which data acquisition mechanism 7 may for example be a data acquisition instrument. The data acquisition mechanism 7 may be communicatively connected to both the displacement pickup mechanism and the velocity pickup mechanism for receiving the displacement signal and the velocity signal. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows the connection relationship of both the displacement pickup mechanism and the speed pickup mechanism with the data collection mechanism 7, that is, the manner of communication transmission as signals in an electrically connected manner. As an advantageous alternative, a dc-transmitter, preferably an open-type dc-transmitter, may be provided on the line between the displacement pickup mechanism and the data acquisition mechanism 7, so that the signal is accurate. Similarly, the same arrangement can be used for the lines between the speed pick-up mechanism and the data acquisition mechanism 7.
According to the features described above, the specific structures of the displacement pickup mechanism and the velocity pickup mechanism will be specifically described below.
In an embodiment, the displacement pickup mechanism may include a support assembly 3, a displacement sensor 2, and a connection member. Wherein the support assembly 3 may be provided to the mounting surface, in particular, the support assembly 3 may comprise a first support member and a second support member connected to each other, the first support member being provided to the mounting surface. The second support member extends towards the operating handle 1, so that the length of the flexible cable described below is advantageously shortened, the length of the flexible cable and the length of the second support member are matched within a reasonable range, the influence of the displacement sensor 2 to acquire a displacement signal is reduced, and the weight and the volume of the support assembly 3 are not excessively large.
In an embodiment, both the first support member and the second support member may be formed as plate members, and the displacement sensor 2 may be mounted to an upper end surface of the second support member. In order to ensure that the displacement sensor 2 can be mounted smoothly, the upper end surface of the second support member may be kept horizontal to the mounting surface, and the first support member may be perpendicular to the mounting surface.
As mentioned in the above description, the displacement sensor 2 may be mounted to the upper end surface of the second support member, and the displacement sensor 2 may be used to pick up the displacement of the operating handle 1 to deliver an output displacement signal to the data acquisition mechanism 7. The coupling member may couple the displacement sensor 2, which is formed as a flexible cord such as a pulling cord, which may be parallel to the mounting surface when the operating handle 1 is in the neutral position shown in fig. 1, thus avoiding abrasion of the pulling cord or an influence of measurement accuracy that may be caused by tilting of the pulling cord.
In an embodiment, the speed pickup mechanism may include a synchronization assembly and a speed sensor. The synchronizing assembly may form a close fit with the reel mechanism 4 to interlock with the reel mechanism 4. Specifically, the synchronizing assembly may include a wheel member 5, and the wheel member 5 may include a flexible wheel portion having an outer side portion that closely mates with the outer side portion of the spool mechanism 4, and a shaft portion that is partially housed inside the sleeve member and is rotatable relative to the sleeve member, e.g., the shaft portion may be rotatably mounted inside the sleeve member via a bearing. The flexible wheel part can be formed by rubber materials, so that when the reel mechanism 4 is attached, tight fit can be generated through deformation, and a certain friction force is applied, so that the flexible wheel part can rotate synchronously with the reel mechanism 4 without slipping.
The shaft portion may employ a rigid shaft to ensure its assembly with the bearing. The flexible wheel part can extend out of the sleeving part, and can be sleeved on the outer side part of the rigid shaft, and the flexible wheel part and the rigid shaft can be further fixed by the pin. The speed sensor may be formed as an encoder 6, and the encoder 6 may be mounted to the shaft portion or an inner ring of a bearing that rotates in synchronization with the shaft portion to acquire the rotation speed of the shaft portion.
In an embodiment, the tight fit of the flexible wheel portion with the reel mechanism 4 is achieved by a tensioning seat and a tensioning member, which may be for example a tensioning spring, with both ends connected to the sleeve member and the tensioning seat, respectively, to maintain the tight fit of the flexible wheel portion with the reel mechanism 4. In addition, the tensioning seat is also formed with a frame body in which a portion of the sleeve member is defined and can slide along the frame body, thus ensuring that the sleeve member remains stationary during rotation of the wheel member 5 and in the tensioned state of the tensioning spring.
On the basis of the above-described test assembly, a method for testing the operability of the entire engineering machine will be specifically described below.
In an embodiment, the operating handle 1 comprises a plurality of operating positions, i.e. the plurality of operating positions may comprise a neutral position, a first activated position and a second activated position. The movement state of the spool mechanism 4 has a plurality of movement states corresponding to the plurality of operation positions, respectively, that is, the movement state includes a stationary state, a first speed state, and a second speed state corresponding to the neutral position, the first start position, and the second start position, respectively. On the basis, the method for testing the overall operability of the engineering machinery comprises the following steps:
A pickup step of continuously acquiring a displacement signal during a transition of the operation handle 1 from a first one of the plurality of operation positions to a second one of the plurality of operation positions and continuously acquiring a velocity signal during a transition of the spool mechanism 4 from one of the plurality of motion states corresponding to the first one to another one of the plurality of motion states corresponding to the second one;
And an analysis step of placing the obtained displacement signal and the obtained speed signal on the same time axis to obtain a time period for switching the operation position of the operation handle 1 and a time period for switching the motion state of the reel mechanism 4, determining a time point for completing the motion state switching of the reel mechanism 4 according to the speed signal, and calculating the response time of the engineering machinery.
Specifically, when the operating handle 1 is shifted from the neutral position to the first start position, the spool mechanism 4 is shifted from the rest state to the first speed state, and the analysis step calculates the start response time in response time, that is, calculates the amount of hysteresis of the point in time when the shifting of the movement state of the spool mechanism 4 is completed with respect to the point in time when the shifting of the operating position of the operating handle 1 is completed (here, "point in time when the shifting of the movement state is completed" means the point in time when the spool mechanism 4 reaches the first speed state right after undergoing an acceleration process from the rest state, and the "point in time when the shifting of the movement state is completed" referred to below is similar thereto). Similarly, when the operating handle 1 is shifted from the first start position to the neutral position, the spool mechanism 4 is shifted from the first speed state to the rest state, and the analysis step calculates a stop response time among the response times. When the operating handle 1 is shifted from the first start position to the second start position, the spool mechanism 4 is shifted from the first speed state to the second speed state, and the analyzing step calculates an acceleration response time in the response time, that is, the rotational speed of the spool mechanism 4 in the second speed state is greater than the rotational speed of the spool mechanism 4 in the first speed state.
Further, when the operation handle 1 is shifted from the neutral position to the first start position, a point in time when the spool mechanism 4 starts accelerating may be acquired on the time axis, and a displacement signal corresponding to the operation handle 1 at that point in time may be acquired and defined as an idle stroke signal. Further, a displacement signal when the operating handle 1 is located at the first start position is acquired on the time axis and defined as a total stroke signal. The percentage of the idle travel signal to the total travel signal is defined as an idle travel index.
Further, the operation of switching the operation handle 1 from the neutral position to the first start position and then back to the neutral position is defined as a clicking operation within a time range of 0.3 seconds to 1 second by winding the rope around the outside of the spool mechanism 4. The pick-up step further comprises taking the length of the rope released by the reel mechanism 4 after one click operation, the length of the rope at the release being defined as the click-out amount.
According to the engineering machinery whole machine operability testing method, the displacement of the operating handle 1 and the speed of the winding drum mechanism 4 are displayed on the same time axis through the data acquisition mechanism 7, data required by a testing engineer and corresponding calculation requirements are greatly met, and real and effective data are provided for product performance. Compared with the traditional stopwatch and level meter testing method, the operation precision and accuracy are greatly improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application, but rather should be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the following description and drawings or any application directly or indirectly to other relevant art(s).
Claims (8)
1. A method for testing the operability of a whole engineering machine is used for engineering machines, and the engineering machine comprises the following steps:
The device comprises an operation part and an execution mechanism, wherein the operation part can control the execution mechanism to move;
The operation part comprises a plurality of operation positions, and the motion state of the actuating mechanism is provided with a plurality of motion states corresponding to the operation positions respectively;
The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A pickup step of continuously acquiring a displacement signal of the operation section in a process of switching from a first one of a plurality of the operation positions to a second one of a plurality of the operation positions, and continuously acquiring a velocity signal of the actuator in a process of switching from one of a plurality of the motion states corresponding to the first one to another one of a plurality of the motion states corresponding to the second one;
An analysis step of placing the obtained displacement signal and the obtained speed signal on the same time axis to obtain a time period for converting the operation position of the operation part and a time period for converting the motion state of the execution mechanism, determining a time point for completing the motion state conversion of the execution mechanism according to the speed signal, and calculating the response time of the engineering machinery;
the operating positions include a neutral position, a first start position, and a second start position, and the movement states include a stationary state, a first speed state, and a second speed state corresponding to the neutral position, the first start position, and the second start position, respectively;
when the operation part is switched from the middle position to the first starting position, the execution mechanism is switched from the static state to the first speed state, and the analysis step calculates to obtain starting response time in the response time;
when the operation part is switched from the first starting position to the middle position, the execution mechanism is switched from the first speed state to the static state, and the analysis step calculates the stopping response time in the response time;
When the operation part is switched from the first starting position to the second starting position, the executing mechanism is switched from the first speed state to the second speed state, and the analysis step calculates acceleration response time in the response time:
Acquiring a time point when the executing mechanism starts accelerating on the time axis, and acquiring a displacement signal corresponding to the operating part at the time point and defining the displacement signal as an idle stroke signal;
Acquiring a displacement signal when the operation part is positioned at a first starting position on the time axis and defining the displacement signal as a total stroke signal;
the percentage of the idle travel signal to the total travel signal is defined as an idle travel index.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation of the operating unit to switch from the neutral position to the first start position and back to the neutral position is defined as a jog operation in a time range of 0.3 seconds to 1 second by releasing the rope when the actuator moves;
the picking up step further includes obtaining a length of the rope released by the actuator after one click operation, the length of the rope at the release being defined as a click out amount.
3. A test device for performing the method for testing the handling of a complete machine of an engineering machine according to claim 1 or 2.
4. A test device according to claim 3, wherein the operating portion controls the actuator via a hydraulic system, the test device comprising:
a displacement pickup mechanism for picking up the displacement of the operation part and outputting a displacement signal;
The speed pickup mechanism is used for picking up the speed of the executing mechanism and outputting a speed signal;
a data acquisition mechanism (7) in communication with both the displacement pickup mechanism and the velocity pickup mechanism for receiving the displacement signal and the velocity signal.
5. The test device according to claim 4, wherein the construction machine further comprises a handrail box (8), the handrail box (8) being formed with a mounting surface, the operation portion being formed as an operation handle (1), the operation handle (1) being mounted to the mounting surface, the displacement pickup mechanism comprising:
A support assembly (3) disposed on the mounting surface;
A displacement sensor (2), the displacement sensor (2) being configured to pick up a displacement of the operation portion to deliver the output displacement signal to the data acquisition mechanism (7);
and a coupling member for coupling the displacement sensor (2).
6. The test device of claim 5, wherein the test device comprises a plurality of test elements,
The support assembly (3) comprises a first support member and a second support member connected to each other, the first support member being provided to the mounting surface, the second support member extending toward the operating handle (1), the displacement sensor (2) being mounted to the second support member;
The coupling member is formed as a flexible cord which is parallel to the mounting surface when the operating handle (1) is in the neutral position.
7. The test device according to claim 5, wherein the actuator is formed as a reel mechanism (4), the speed pick-up mechanism further comprising:
A synchronizing assembly forming a close fit with the reel mechanism (4) to interlock with the reel mechanism (4);
The speed sensor is arranged on the synchronous component and used for acquiring the rotation speed of the synchronous component so as to convey the speed signal to the data acquisition mechanism (7).
8. The test device of claim 7, wherein the test device comprises a plurality of test elements,
The synchronization assembly includes:
A wheel member (5) including a flexible wheel portion having an outer side portion closely fitted with an outer side portion of the spool mechanism (4), and a shaft portion partially accommodated inside the sleeve member and rotatable relative to the sleeve member;
a tensioning seat and a tensioning member, both ends of the tensioning member being connected with the sleeve member and the tensioning seat respectively to maintain a tight fit of the flexible wheel portion with the reel mechanism (4);
The speed sensor is formed as an encoder (6) provided to the shaft portion;
Direct-current transmitters are arranged between the data acquisition mechanism (7) and the displacement pickup mechanism and between the data acquisition mechanism (7) and the speed pickup mechanism.
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| CN102518622A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 三一重机有限公司 | Displacement testing based hydraulic oil cylinder characteristic testing method and system |
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| CN111056464A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 浙江三一装备有限公司 | Crawler crane slewing calibration system and control system |
| CN212059395U (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-12-01 | 浙江三一装备有限公司 | Testing device |
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