CN111567175B - Method for preventing micro-organisms from skinning, intercepting, rainfall and infiltration in arid desert area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas, comprising the following steps: (1) collecting pruned branches, cutting off side branches to obtain tree sticks, and drying the tree sticks; (2) ) One end of the stick is subjected to hydrophilic diversion treatment and the other end is subjected to hydrophobic sterilization to obtain a stick with both a hydrophilic diversion end and a hydrophobic sterilization end; (3) the hydrophilic diversion end of the stick is inserted downward. In the formation, and the length of the hydrophobic bactericidal end protruding from the ground is at least 5cm. The invention can effectively increase the water content of the sandy soil layer under the biological turf without destroying the biological turf in a small area.

Description

Methods of preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting precipitation and infiltration in arid desert areas

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of desert treatment. Specifically, it is a method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting precipitation and infiltration in arid desert areas.

Background technique

Microbiological crusts are microscopic drought-tolerant plants such as lichens, algae, and mosses that form a thick carpet-like shell on the surface of sandy soil. The particles are entangled into clusters, which play a role in immobilizing the dust.

However, with the deepening of research, it is found that although microbiological crusts can play a role in sand fixation, it is also found that any areas with large areas of crusts will lead to the gradual death of shrubs and other plants, making it difficult for other plants such as shrubs to survive. Crust areas survive. The reason is that the structure of the microbiological crusts is dense. After being saturated by precipitation, the precipitation will be lost along the surface of the crust, and the infiltration cannot be carried out effectively, so that the precipitation is intercepted and cannot infiltrate, resulting in water loss. With evaporation, the deep water of the sandy soil is deficient, resulting in the gradual lack of water and withering of the roots of shrubs and other plants.

Due to the large area of bio-soil and favorable for sand fixation, it is not suitable to excavate a large area of bio-soil in order to increase the water content of the lower sandy soil. Up to now, there is no effective method to increase the water content of sandy soil under biological turf.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting precipitation and infiltration in arid desert areas where the water content of the sandy soil layer under the biological turf can be effectively increased without destroying the biological turf.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas, including the following steps:

(1) collect the pruned branches, and cut off the side branches to obtain sticks, and dry the sticks in the sun;

(2) one end of the stick is subjected to hydrophilic diversion treatment and the other end is subjected to hydrophobic sterilization treatment to obtain a tree stick having both a hydrophilic diversion end and a hydrophobic sterilization end;

(3) Insert the hydrophilic diversion end of the tree stick downward into the formation, and the length of the hydrophobic sterilization end above the ground is at least 5cm.

In the above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas, the length of the hydrophobic and sterilizing ends located in the formation is less than or equal to the thickness of the crusts.

In the above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert regions, the length of the hydrophilic diversion end is greater than or equal to 30 cm.

The above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas, in step (2), the method for hydrophilic diversion treatment is as follows:

(2-1) Preparation of hydrophilic diversion treatment solution: adding sodium methyl silicate to water, stirring and mixing evenly, then adding calcium propionate, and stirring and mixing again to obtain a hydrophilic diversion treatment solution;

(2-2) Put one end of the stick in the hydrophilic diversion treatment solution for 24-48h immersion.

The above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltration of precipitation in arid desert areas, the mass ratio of sodium methylsilicate to water is (0.1-0.2): 1, and the mass ratio of calcium propionate to sodium methylsilicate is (0.3 -0.5): 1.

The above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas, in step (2), the method for hydrophobic sterilization treatment is as follows:

(2-3) Preparation of hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution: adding azoxystrobin to ethyl acetate, stirring and mixing to obtain solution A, adding potassium methyl silicate and jierfen or xinjierfen to water, and stirring and mixing to obtain solution B; After the solution A and the solution B are mixed, a hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution is obtained;

(2-4) Soak the other end of the stick in the hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution for 24-48h.

The above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting precipitation and infiltration in arid desert areas, the volume ratio of solution A to solution B is (0.05-0.1): 1, the mass fraction of potassium methyl silicate in solution B is 5-15%, The mass fraction of Jieerfen or Xinjierfen is 0.3-1‰, and the concentration of azoxystrobin in the hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution is 50-100mg/mL.

In the above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas, in step (2), hydrophobic sterilization treatment is performed first, and then hydrophilic diversion treatment is performed, and the specific treatment method is as follows:

(2-1) Preparation of hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution: add azoxystrobin to ethyl acetate, stir and mix to obtain solution A, add potassium methyl silicate and Jieerfen or xinjieerfen to water, and stir and mix to obtain solution B; After the solution A and the solution B are mixed, a hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution is obtained;

(2-2) place one end of the stick in the hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution to soak for 24-48h;

(2-3) Preparation of hydrophilic diversion treatment solution: adding sodium methylsilicate to water, stirring and mixing evenly, then adding calcium propionate, and stirring and mixing again to obtain a hydrophilic diversion treatment solution;

(2-4) Soak the other end of the stick in the hydrophilic diversion treatment solution for 24-48h.

The above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltration of precipitation in arid desert areas, the mass ratio of sodium methylsilicate to water is (0.1-0.2): 1, and the mass ratio of calcium propionate to sodium methylsilicate is (0.3 -0.5): 1.

The above-mentioned method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting precipitation and infiltration in arid desert areas, the volume ratio of solution A to solution B is (0.05-0.1): 1, the mass fraction of potassium methyl silicate in solution B is 5-15%, The mass fraction of Jieerfen or Xinjierfen is 0.3-1‰, and the concentration of azoxystrobin in the hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution is 50-100mg/mL.

The technical scheme of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects: by performing hydrophobic sterilization treatment on one end of the tree stick, and then performing hydrophilic diversion treatment on the other end of the tree stick, a hydrophobic diversion end and a hydrophobic sterilization end are formed at the same time. sticks. Carbon dioxide in the air reacts with potassium methyl silicate to form a layer of hydrophobic waterproof membrane doped with azoxystrobin and azoxystrobin or singel sterilization on the surface of the wooden stick, which greatly prolongs the hydrophobic sterilization of azoxystrobin and azoxystrobin or singel sterilization. The retention time on the end can fully and long-term play the role of azoxystrobin and jierzil or shinjierzil to sterilize, kill moss and algae and other plants and organisms, and expand the effective area for rapid infiltration of precipitation around the stick. The hydrophilic diversion end is covered with a mixture of sodium methyl silicate and calcium propionate. The silanol groups in the molecular structure of sodium methyl silicate can react with the silanol groups on the surface of sand particles to form a dehydration and cross-linking chemical reaction. Water-insoluble polymer waterproofing compounds, which form a hydrophobic silicone resin film on the sandy soil layer around the sticks to reduce the lateral penetration of precipitation and promote the vertical penetration depth, and the doped calcium propionate can be in these silicone resins. Holes are formed on the resin film, which is conducive to partial lateral penetration of precipitation in the process of vertical infiltration along the tree sticks, so that the precipitation can quickly and vertically infiltrate along the tree sticks under the diversion effect of the tree sticks and also partially laterally infiltrate. It ensures the vertical infiltration of precipitation, and takes into account the lateral infiltration of precipitation, effectively increasing the water content at a depth of 10-20 cm from the biological crust.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of tree sticks inserted into the stratum in the method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of the destruction of the biological crust around the tree stick after one year after the stick is inserted into the stratum in the method for preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting and infiltrating precipitation in arid desert areas according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figure are indicated as: 100 - stick; 200 - crust; 300 - biological crust destruction area; 1 - hydrophilic diversion end; 2 - hydrophobic bactericidal end.

Detailed ways

Example 1

In this example, the method of preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting water and precipitation infiltration in arid desert regions selects a natural intact sand dune with a crust thickness of 1.0-1.5 cm in a certain place to conduct the test. Before the test, the soil water content of the dune is measured, which specifically includes the following steps :

(1) Collect the pruned branches, and cut off the side branches to obtain 100 sticks, and dry the 100 sticks in the sun.

(2) One end of the stick 100 is subjected to hydrophilic diversion treatment, and the other end is subjected to hydrophobic sterilization treatment to obtain the stick 100 having both the hydrophilic diversion end 1 and the hydrophobic sterilization end 2; The hydrophilic diversion treatment is carried out, and the specific treatment method is as follows:

(2-1) Preparation of hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution: add azoxystrobin to ethyl acetate, stir and mix to obtain solution A, add potassium methyl silicate and sanjierzil to water, and stir and mix to obtain solution B; solution A and solution After B is mixed, a hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution is obtained; the volume ratio of solution A and solution B is 0.1:1, the mass fraction of potassium methyl silicate in solution B is 10%, and the mass fraction of xinjierdi is 1‰, the obtained hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution The concentration of azoxystrobin was 100 mg/mL.

(2-2) place one end of the stick (100) in the hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution to soak for 24-48h;

(2-3) Preparation of hydrophilic diversion treatment solution: add sodium methyl silicate into water, stir and mix evenly, then add calcium propionate, and stir and mix again to obtain a hydrophilic diversion treatment solution; methyl silicic acid The mass ratio of sodium to water is 0.2:1, and the mass ratio of calcium propionate to sodium methylsilicate is 0.5:1;

(2-4) Soak the other end of the stick (100) in the hydrophilic diversion treatment solution for 24-48 hours; the hydrophobic sterilization end (2) is exposed to the air.

(3) Insert the hydrophilic diversion end 1 of the sticks 100 downward into the formation, and the length of the hydrophobic sterilization end 2 exposed to the ground is 5cm; the distance between adjacent sticks 100 is 1m. The length of the hydrophobic bactericidal end 2 in the formation is equal to the thickness of the crust 200; the length of the hydrophilic diversion end 1 is 30 cm.

According to the rainfall of 50mm, artificial water was sprayed to simulate rainfall. After 180min, the soil water content of the sandy soil layer at a distance of 15cm from the surface was measured. 2.3 times.

Comparative Example 1

In this example, the method of preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting water and precipitation infiltration in arid desert regions selects a natural intact sand dune with a crust thickness of 1.0-1.5 cm in a certain place to conduct the test. Before the test, the soil water content of the dune is measured, which specifically includes the following steps :

(1) Collect the pruned branches, and cut off the side branches to obtain 100 sticks, and dry the 100 sticks in the sun.

(2) hydrophilic diversion treatment is carried out to the tree stick 100 as a whole; it specifically includes the following steps:

(2-1) Preparation of hydrophilic diversion treatment solution: add sodium methyl silicate to water, stir and mix evenly, then add calcium propionate, and stir and mix again to obtain a hydrophilic diversion treatment solution; methyl silicic acid The mass ratio of sodium to water is 0.2:1, and the mass ratio of calcium propionate to sodium methylsilicate is 0.5:1.

(2-2) The whole stick 100 is placed in the hydrophilic diversion treatment solution for 48 hours of immersion.

(3) Insert the tree sticks 100 down into the ground to a depth of 30 cm, and the length of the upper end exposed to the ground is 5 cm; the distance between adjacent tree sticks 100 is 1 m.

According to the rainfall of 50mm, artificial water was sprayed to simulate rainfall. After 180min, the soil water content of the sandy soil layer at a distance of 15cm from the surface was measured. 2.2 times.

Comparative Example 2

In this example, the method of preventing microbiological crusts from intercepting water and precipitation infiltration in arid desert regions selects a natural intact sand dune with a crust thickness of 1.0-1.5 cm in a certain place to conduct the test. Before the test, the soil water content of the dune is measured, which specifically includes the following steps :

(1) Collect the pruned branches, and cut off the side branches to obtain 100 sticks, and dry the 100 sticks in the sun.

(2) hydrophobic sterilization treatment is carried out to the tree stick 100 as a whole; it specifically includes the following steps:

(2-1) Preparation of hydrophobic bactericidal treatment solution: add azoxystrobin to ethyl acetate, stir and mix to obtain solution A, add potassium methyl silicate and sanjierzil to water, and stir and mix to obtain solution B; solution A and solution After mixing B, a hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution was obtained; the volume ratio of solution A and solution B was 0.1:1, the mass fraction of potassium methyl silicate in solution B was 10%, and the mass fraction of selenium was 1‰. The concentration of azoxystrobin was 100 mg/mL.

(2-2) The whole stick 100 is placed in the hydrophobic sterilization treatment solution and soaked for 48 hours.

(3) Insert the lower end of the tree sticks 100 into the ground to a depth of 30 cm, and the length of the upper end exposed to the ground is 5 cm; the distance between adjacent tree sticks 100 is 1 m.

According to the rainfall of 50mm, artificial water was sprayed to simulate rainfall. After 180min, the soil water content of the sandy soil layer at a distance of 15cm from the surface was measured. 2.3 times.

One year later, artificial water was sprayed to simulate rainfall in the test areas of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 again according to the rainfall of 50 mm. After 180 minutes, the soil water content at a distance of 15 cm from the surface was measured. The results showed that: the test of Example 1 Compared with the corresponding stratum soil in the area without sticks inserted, the water content of the soil in the corresponding stratum increased by 1.9 times; compared with the soil in the corresponding stratum in the area without sticks inserted in the experimental area of Comparative Example 1, there was no significant change in the water content; the experimental area in Comparative Example 2 had no significant change. Compared with the soil in the corresponding stratum in the area without sticks inserted, the water content increased only 0.2 times.

It can be seen from Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2: when the tree stick 100 was just inserted, the simulated rainfall was performed, and the increase in soil water content at a distance of 20 cm from the surface was basically the same, because there was freshness between the tree stick 100 and the sandy soil. Gap, rain seeps along this fresh gap, and there is no essential difference between the three before.

One year later, in Comparative Example 1, because the bactericidal ability of the tree stick 100 is extremely weak (calcium propionate only has a strong bactericidal effect when it decomposes propionic acid under acidic conditions, and its ability to kill moss, algae, etc. extremely weak), the damaged crust around the stick 100 grows again, thereby blocking the gap between the stick 100 and the ground, making it difficult for precipitation to infiltrate smoothly along the gap between the stick 100 and the sand, thus making the tree The stick loses its effect of increasing precipitation infiltration. In Comparative Example 2, azoxystrobin has good fungicidal ability, and Xinjieermin not only has good bactericidal ability, but also can kill and inhibit moss, algae and other plants or organisms, making the knots around tree sticks 100 on the surface The bark could not grow densely, and the azoxystrobin and sinogelamide on the stick 100 diffused into the crust 200 on the surface, which further expanded the area around the stick 100 where precipitation quickly infiltrated, which was favorable for precipitation infiltration; With the extension of time, the tree stick 100 in the stratum and the sand layer gradually become denser, and the hydrophobic effect of potassium methyl silicate is mainly caused by the reaction with carbon dioxide, which is more difficult than sodium methyl silicate. The hydrophobic film is formed by the reaction between the silanol groups in its molecular structure and the silanol groups on the surface of the sand, so it is not conducive to the rapid and vertical infiltration of precipitation along the gaps around the tree sticks 100 under the diversion effect of the tree sticks 100, and the precipitation flows from the ground surface. The vertical infiltration along the tree sticks 100 and after crossing the crust layer is mainly rapid lateral infiltration, so the scheme in Comparative Example 1 is not conducive to increasing the water content in the sandy soil layer 10 cm below the surface. The technical solution of Example 1 well overcomes the shortcomings of the technical solutions in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Document 2. First, one end of the tree stick 100 is subjected to hydrophobic sterilization treatment, and then the other end of the tree stick 100 is subjected to hydrophilic diversion treatment. In this way, the hydrophobic sterilization end 2 is exposed to the air for a long time when the hydrophilic guide end 1 is prepared, which is conducive to the reaction of carbon dioxide in the air and potassium methyl silicate to form a layer of azoxystrobin on the surface of the wooden stick 100 The hydrophobic waterproof membrane of azoxystrobin and xinjierzil greatly prolongs the retention time of azoxystrobin and xinjierzil on the hydrophobic bactericidal end, and can fully and long-term exert the sterilization of azoxystrobin and jierzil or xinjierzil, and kill moss and algae and other plants and the action of the organisms, the biological crusts attached to the stick 100 can be destroyed over time (as shown in FIG. 2 ), so that the biocrust damage area 300 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is formed around the stick 100 . The effective area for rapid infiltration of precipitation around the stick 100 can be expanded. The hydrophilic diversion end 1 is covered with a mixture of sodium methyl silicate and calcium propionate. The silanol groups in the molecular structure of sodium methyl silicate can undergo dehydration and cross-linking chemical reactions with the silanol groups on the surface of the sand particles. A water-insoluble polymer waterproof compound is generated, thereby forming a hydrophobic silicone resin film on the sandy soil layer around the tree stick 100 to reduce the lateral penetration of precipitation and promote the vertical penetration depth, and the doped calcium propionate can be used in these Holes are formed on the silicone resin film, which is conducive to partial lateral infiltration of precipitation in the process of vertical infiltration along the tree sticks 10, so that the precipitation can rapidly infiltrate vertically along the tree sticks under the diversion effect of the tree sticks, and also partially laterally infiltrate. Infiltration, not only ensures the vertical infiltration of precipitation, but also takes into account the lateral infiltration of precipitation, effectively increasing the water content at a depth of 10-20 cm from the biological crust.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation manner. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. However, the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope of the claims of this patent application.

Claims (3)

1. The method for preventing the micro-organisms from skinning, intercepting, rainfall infiltration and infiltration in the arid desert area is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: collecting the pruned branches, pruning branches to obtain a tree stick (100), and drying the tree stick (100);

step two: carrying out hydrophilic diversion treatment on one end of the tree stick (100) and carrying out hydrophobic sterilization treatment on the other end of the tree stick to obtain the tree stick (100) with a hydrophilic diversion end (1) and a hydrophobic sterilization end (2) simultaneously;

in the second step, firstly, hydrophobic sterilization treatment is carried out, and then hydrophilic diversion treatment is carried out, wherein the specific treatment method comprises the following steps:

step two-1: preparing a hydrophobic sterilization treatment liquid: adding azoxystrobin into ethyl acetate, stirring and mixing to obtain a solution A, adding methyl potassium silicate and benzalkonium bromide or benzalkonium bromide into water, and stirring and mixing to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B to obtain a hydrophobic sterilization treatment liquid; the volume ratio of the solution A to the solution B is (0.05-0.1): 1, the mass fraction of the methyl potassium silicate in the solution B is 5-15%, the mass fraction of the benzalkonium bromide or the benzalkonium bromide is 0.3-1 thousandth, and the concentration of the azoxystrobin in the hydrophobic sterilization treatment liquid is 50-100 mg/mL;

step two-2: soaking one end of a tree stick (100) in a hydrophobic sterilization treatment liquid for 24-48 h;

step two-3: preparing a hydrophilic diversion treatment fluid: adding sodium methyl silicate into water, stirring and mixing uniformly, then adding calcium propionate, and stirring and mixing again to obtain a hydrophilic diversion treatment solution; the mass ratio of the sodium methyl silicate to the water is (0.1-0.2) to 1, and the mass ratio of the calcium propionate to the sodium methyl silicate is (0.3-0.5): 1;

step two-4: soaking the other end of the tree stick (100) in the hydrophilic diversion treatment liquid for 24-48 h;

step three: the hydrophilic flow guide end (1) of the tree stick (100) is downwards inserted into the stratum, and the length of the hydrophobic sterilization end (2) exposed out of the ground is at least 5 cm.

2. The method for preventing the micro-scale biological crust interception precipitation infiltration in the arid desert area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the hydrophobic sterilization end (2) in the stratum is less than or equal to the thickness of the crust (200).

3. The method for preventing the micro-scale biological crust interception precipitation infiltration in the arid desert area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the hydrophilic diversion end (1) is greater than or equal to 30 cm.

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