CN111517974A - 一种氨基酸n端烷基化衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种氨基酸n端烷基化衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物及其制备方法和应用,所述氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物是对氨基酸N端直接烯烃加成反应而得,其催化剂廉价易得且环境友好、反应条件温和、位点选择性高,反应高效,只需一步便可制得络氨酸烯烃化衍生物。本发明的有益效果主要体现在:本发明提供了一类新的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物,这类化合物底物广谱性高,反应条件温和且制备过程简单、高效、便捷,为氨基酸及多肽修饰提供了新的选择。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学领域,特别涉及一种氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
氨基酸,是含有碱性氨基和酸性羧基的有机化合物,羧酸碳原子上的氢原子被氨基取代后形成的化合物。氨基酸分子中含有氨基和羧基两种官能团。与羟基酸类似,氨基酸可按照氨基连在碳链上的不同位置而分为α-,β-,γ-...w-氨基酸,但经蛋白质水解后得到的氨基酸都是α-氨基酸,而且仅有二十几种,他们是构成蛋白质的基本单位。氨基酸是构成动物营养所需蛋白质的基本物质。
有机反应中,有许多官能团存在于同一个分子中,在实验过程中我们只需要特定的在某些基团或者位置上发生反应,但是所选实验条件会使某些不需要参与反应的基团发生反应,从而产生副产物,甚至得不到目标产物。为此需要对相关的官能团进行保护。为使基团受到保护,而在该基团上引入的基团称为保护基团。如酰基可作为羟基与氨基的保护基,酯基可作为羧基的保护基,偕二烷氧基(缩醛)可作为醛基的保护基。保护基需在所进行的反应中稳定,引入和除去都要简便,收率高和保护剂价廉易得等。对复杂有机化合物(如多肽)的合成,使用使用各种保护基很必要。因此,开发新型氨基酸N端保护的方法具有重要的意义和价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物及其制备方法和应用,其制备方法简单、高效、便捷。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
化学机理如下:
式(III)为得到的氨基酸N端烷基化的衍生物结构。
式(III)中R1为苯基、取代苯基、C5-C6芳环、C1-C10烷基、C1-C10烷氧基或C1-C10取代烷基,以及氨基酸的至少一种,所述取代苯基的取代基为甲基、氯、硝基、氟或甲氧基;
R2为20种常见的氨基酸及其多肽衍生物的至少一种,其中氨基酸是甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、色氨酸、丝氨酸、酪氨酸、半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、苏氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸和组氨酸。
进一步,更优选所述氨基酸N端烷基化的衍生物结构为下列结构式之一:
本发明还涉及所述氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物的制备方法,所述方法包括:将氨基酸或其多肽衍生物(反应底物)溶于10%的乙酸水溶剂(乙酸和水配比为1:9)中,加入丙烯酸酯、催化剂、氧化剂,配体于60~70℃反应完全得到反应液,反应液经分离纯化获得所述氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物;所述催化剂为下列之一:醋酸铜、氯化铜、乙酰丙酮铜,优选醋酸铜;所述氧化剂为下列之一:氧化锰、醋酸碘苯、叔丁基过氧化氢、过硫酸钾、苯醌、乙酸银,优选乙酸银;所述配体:N-乙酰-甘氨酸,N-乙酰-丙氨酸,N-乙酰-缬氨酸,优选N-乙酰-甘氨酸;所述氨基酸或其多肽衍生物、丙烯酸酯、催化剂、氧化剂、配体的物质的量之比为1:1~5:0.1~0.5:1~5:1~5。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(a)时,所述反应底物为络氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(b)时,所述反应底物氨基酸衍生物为乙酰基-L-酪氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(c)时,所述反应底物氨基酸衍生物为苯丙氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(d)时,所述反应底物氨基酸衍生物为丙氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(e)时,所述反应底物氨基酸衍生物为甘氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(f)时,所述反应底物氨基酸为缬氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(g)时,所述反应底物氨基酸为亮氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(h)时,所述反应底物氨基酸衍生物为苏氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(i)时,所述反应底物氨基酸为天冬氨酸。
所述氨基酸N端烷基衍生物结构为(j)时,所述反应底物亮丙瑞林
优选的,所述氨基酸或其多肽衍生物、丙烯酸酯、催化剂、氧化剂、配体的物质的量之比为1:1.2:0.1:2:2。
所述催化剂优选为醋酸铜,氧化剂优选为过硫酸钾,配体优选为乙酰-L-甘氨酸。
具体的,所述分离纯化方法如下:反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、常温下旋转蒸除溶剂,即得粗品;将粗品进行硅胶柱层析,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到所述络氨酸PEG衍生物。
本发明提供了对氨基酸N端烷基化修饰的新方法,其催化剂廉价易得且环境友好、反应条件温和、位点选择性高,反应高效,而且只需一步便可制得氨基酸N端衍生物。
本发明还涉及所述氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物作为络氨酸烯衍生物替代品在制备酪氨酸类多肽药物的中的应用。
本发明还涉及所述氨基酸N端烷基化化衍生物作为氨基酸烷基化衍生物替代品在制备酪氨酸类营养补充剂中的应用。
本发明还涉及所述多肽衍生物制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,具体的,所述多肽衍生物为化合物(g),实验结果显示,化合物(g)具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,为肿瘤药物筛选提供了新的途径。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在:本发明提供了一类新的氨基酸PEG修饰衍生物,这类化合物底物广谱性高,反应条件温和且制备过程简单、高效、便捷,为络氨酸类药物制备提供了新的选择。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的9种氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物的结构图。
图2是化合物(a)质谱分析结果图。
图3为化合物(b)质谱分析结果图。
图4为化合物(c)质谱分析结果图。
图5为化合物(d)质谱分析结果图。
图6为化合物(e)质谱分析结果图。
图7为化合物(f)质谱分析结果图。
图8为化合物(g)质谱分析结果图。
图9为化合物(h)质谱分析结果图。
图10为化合物(i)质谱分析结果图。
图11为化合物(j)质谱分析结果图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:制备N-丙酸甲酯-L-酪氨酸
将1mmol酪氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸甲酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(a)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated forC13H16NO5:[M+H]+266.11,found 266.09.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例2:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-酪氨酸
将1mmol酪氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(b)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated forC14H18NO5:[M+H]+280.12,found 280.14.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例3:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-苯丙氨酸
将1mmol苯丙氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(c)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated for C14H18NO4:[M+H]+264.13,found 264.14.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例4:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-丙氨酸
将1mmol丙氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(d)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated forC7H13NO4:[M-H]+174.08.45,found 174.08.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例5:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-甘氨酸
将1mmol甘氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(e)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated forC7H13NO4:[M-H]+161.06,found 161.08.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例6:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-缬氨酸
将1mmol缬氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(f)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated forC9H17NO4:[M-H]+202.11,found 202.12)
化学反应式如下:
实施例7:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-亮氨酸
将1mmol亮氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(g)所示的化合物纯品。(MS ESI-):Calculated forC10H19NO4:[M+H]+216.13,found 216.13.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例8:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-苏氨酸
将1mmol苏氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(h)所示的化合物纯品。(MS(ESI-):Calculated forC7H13NO5:[M-H]+190.07,found 190.06)
化学反应式如下:
实施例9:制备N-丙酸乙酯-L-天冬氨酸
将1mmol天冬氨酸(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(i)所示的化合物纯品。(MS ESI-):Calculated for C8H13NO6:[M-H]+218.06,found 218.06.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例10:制备N-丙酸乙酯-亮丙瑞林
将1mmol亮丙瑞林(1)加入4ml的溶剂中(3.6mL水+0.4mL乙酸),向其中加入0.1mmol醋酸铜,1.2mmol丙烯酸乙酯,2.0mmol乙酸银,0.5mmol N-乙酰-L-甘氨酸,60℃下反应12小时,反应结束后,反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、减压蒸干,即得化合物粗品。粗产品通过制备液相进行分离,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到式(i)所示的化合物纯品。(MS ESI-):Calculated for C63H90N16O14:[M-H]+1293.68,found 1293.34.)
化学反应式如下:
实施例11:抗肿瘤检测
将肿瘤细胞MCF-7接种4000个细胞/瓶至含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM高汤培养液的细胞培养瓶中,置于5%CO2、37℃的培养箱中培养3天、取出细胞培养瓶在无菌操作台中收集细胞。将细胞以4000个/孔的浓度接种至含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM高汤培养液的96孔板中,并在板盖上加上注释,于5%CO2、37℃培养12小时,待细胞在96孔板上贴壁,在无菌操作台中用移液枪加待测药物(实施例10制备的化合物(j)),使每孔药物浓度分别为0.01、0.1、1、10.0、100.0μM五个浓度梯度,每个浓度设置有五个平行组,以雌激素酮作为对照),并再次将96孔板置于5%CO2、37℃培养24小时。取出96孔板,向每个孔中加入20μL的MTS试剂盒试剂(购自Promega公司),避光孵化40分钟,利用酶标仪测其吸光度。从而计算出细胞抑制率和细胞毒性,用IC Estimator software软件处理,计算IC50以及IC50 95%可信区间,结果见附表1所示:
表1
本发明不局限于上述最佳实施方式,任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品,但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化,凡是具有与本申请相同或相近似的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
3.一种氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,将氨基酸衍生物溶于乙酸和水配比为1:9的溶剂中,加入丙烯酸酯、催化剂、氧化剂,配体,于60℃-70℃反应完全得到反应液,反应液经分离纯化获得如权利要求1所述的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物;所述催化剂为下列之一:醋酸酮、氯化铜、溴化铜;所述氧化剂为下列之一:氧化锰、醋酸碘苯、叔丁基过氧化氢、过硫酸钾、苯醌、乙酸银;所述配体:乙酰甘氨酸,乙酰丙氨酸,乙酰-缬氨酸;所述氨基酸或其多肽衍生物、丙烯酸酯、催化剂、氧化剂、配体的物质的量之比为1:1~5:0.1~0.5:1~5:1~5。
4.根据权利要求3所述的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,氨基酸或其多肽衍生物选择为络氨酸,乙酰基-L-酪氨酸,苯丙氨酸,丙氨酸,甘氨酸,缬氨酸,亮氨酸,苏氨酸,天冬氨酸的至少一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,氨基酸获取多肽衍生物、丙烯酸酯、催化剂、氧化剂、配体的物质的量之比为1:1.2:0.1:2:0.5。
6.如权利要求3所述的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述分离纯化方法如下:反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,取有机层经过无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、常温下旋转蒸除溶剂,即得粗品;将粗品进行硅胶柱层析,以甲醇和二氯甲烷的体积比为1:30的溶液为流动相,TLC跟踪收集Rf值为0.3-0.5的洗脱液,收集得到的洗脱液经减压除去溶剂,干燥,得到氨基酸N端烷基化修饰产物。
7.权利要求1所述的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物作为络氨酸烯衍生物替代品在制备酪氨酸类多肽药物的中的应用。
8.权利要求1所述的氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物作为氨基酸烷基化衍生物替代品在制备酪氨酸类营养补充剂中的应用。
9.氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,其特征在于,氨基酸N端烷基化衍生物如权里要求2的结构(g)所示。
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