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CN111479534A - 热鲁棒性激光探针组件 - Google Patents

热鲁棒性激光探针组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111479534A
CN111479534A CN201880080560.9A CN201880080560A CN111479534A CN 111479534 A CN111479534 A CN 111479534A CN 201880080560 A CN201880080560 A CN 201880080560A CN 111479534 A CN111479534 A CN 111479534A
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China
Prior art keywords
cannula
sealant
probe assembly
wire
distal end
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CN201880080560.9A
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English (en)
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CN111479534B (zh
Inventor
刁晨光
A·米尔斯帕西
C·库克
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Alcon Inc
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Alcon Inc
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本披露的某些实施例提供了一种热鲁棒性激光探针组件。所述探针组件包括插管，一个或多个光纤至少部分地延伸穿过所述插管，以将激光从激光源传输至目标位置。所述探针组件还包括容纳在所述插管中的透镜、以及在所述插管的远端处的保护部件；其中，所述透镜被定位在所述一个或多个光纤与所述保护部件之间；并且其中，所述插管的远端在所述探针组件的密封位置处被密封。

Description

热鲁棒性激光探针组件
技术领域
本披露总体上涉及用于制造热鲁棒性激光探针组件的方法和系统。
背景技术
激光探针组件可以在多个不同的过程和外科手术期间使用。作为示例，可以在视网膜激光手术期间使用激光探针组件，以便尤其密封视网膜撕裂。激光典型地从激光源通过光纤缆线传输。光纤缆线的近侧终止于激光连接器，该激光连接器连接至激光源，并且远侧终止于探针组件，该探针组件由外科医生进行操纵。应注意的是，在此，部件的远端是指更靠近患者身体、或从激光探针发射激光的一端。在另一方面，部件的近端是指背离患者身体或接近例如激光源的一端。
探针组件包括联接至插管的手持件，该插管部分地插入患者的眼睛中。光纤缆线延伸穿过手持件和插管，以将激光传输到患者的视网膜上。还可以使用透镜来将光纤所传播的激光束准直并将其投射到患者的视网膜上，以提高性能。典型地，将透镜放置在光纤的前方并且附接至插管。
在某些情况下，光纤缆线容纳多于一个光纤，使得激光探针组件能够同时递送多于一个光凝束。例如，在某些情况下，光纤缆线可以容纳四个光纤或一个多芯光纤。在这种情况下，由于受限空间中(例如，插管内)的高功率通过量，因此当血液或其他深色物质存在于插管的尖端或透镜的前方或至少部分地阻挡或触碰该插管的尖端或透镜时，插管和透镜可能经受过多的热量。在一些情况下，过多的热量是由于光纤所传播的激光束被血液或深色物质反射回透镜、插管、以及透镜与插管之间的粘合剂上而产生的。这种过热和热逃窜导致插管和透镜熔化并且还导致透镜脱离插管。
发明内容
本披露总体上涉及用于制造热鲁棒性激光探针组件的方法和系统。
本发明的特定实施例提供了一种探针组件，所述探针组件包括插管，一个或多个光纤至少部分地延伸穿过所述插管，以将激光从激光源传输至目标位置。所述探针组件进一步包括容纳在所述插管中的透镜；以及在所述插管的远端处的保护部件；其中，所述透镜被定位在所述一个或多个光纤与所述保护部件之间；并且其中，所述插管的远端在所述探针组件的密封位置处被密封。
本发明的特定实施例提供一种密封剂施加系统，所述密封剂施加系统包括载台机器(stage machine)，所述载台机器包括被配置成固持包括丝的密封剂施加器的安装件，其中，所述载台机器被配置成将所述丝定位在探针组件的插管的远端处的密封位置处。密封剂施加系统还包括插管固持器，所述插管固持器包括用于固持插管的凹槽；以及致动器，所述致动器被配置用于一旦所述载台机器已经将所述丝定位在所述密封位置处就使所述插管旋转，以使得所述丝上的密封剂能够施加至所述密封位置。
本发明的特定实施例提供了一种用于制造探针组件的方法。该方法包括将涂覆有密封剂的丝定位在所述探针组件的插管的远端处的密封位置处。所述方法进一步包括使所述插管旋转，以将所述密封剂施加至所述密封位置。
以下描述和相关附图详细阐述了一个或多个实施例的某些说明性特征。
附图说明
附图描绘了本发明的一个或多个实施例的某些方面，因此不应视为限制本披露的范围。
图1A展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的探针组件，该探针组件包括手持件和插管。
图1B展示了图1A的插管的尖端的截面视图。
图2A展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的保护部件的截面视图，该保护部件放置在插管的尖端处。
图2B展示了图2A的保护部件的三维视图。
图2C展示了图2A所示的插管的尖端的前视图。
图2D展示了图2A所示的插管的尖端的三维视图。
图3展示了在插管的远端的内表面与插管所容纳的保护部件的远端的外表面之间的示例性空隙。
图4A展示了被污染的保护部件的示例。
图4B展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的插管的被密封远端的截面视图。
图5A展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的密封剂施加系统。
图5B展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的、将插管固持在U形凹槽中的插管固持器的前视图。
图6A至图6D展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的密封剂施加程序的阶段。
图7展示了图5的密封剂施加系统的额外部件。
图8展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的密封剂施加系统。
图9展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的具有夹具的插管固持器。
图10展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的用于密封激光探针的示例性操作。
为了便于理解，在可能的情况下，使用相同的附图标记来表示附图中共有的相同元件。已考虑到了，一个实施例的元件和特征可以有益地并入其他实施例中，而无需进一步叙述。
具体实施方式
本披露的某些方面提供了用于制造热鲁棒性激光探针组件的方法和系统。
如上文描述的，具有高功率通过量的探针组件可能经受过热(例如，当血液污染透镜或阻挡激光束时)，使得插管内的透镜可能被熔化。熔化的透镜还可能脱离插管，从而导致探针组件故障。
图1A展示了探针组件100的示例，该探针组件包括手持件102和插管104。外科医生使用手持件102将插管104(例如，圆柱形形状的中空管)引导到患者身体部位(可以是患者眼睛)中。如图所示，探针组件100同时提供了多个光凝束106，从而产生多个激光点。每个激光点的功率可以在约250与约500毫瓦(mW)之间，使得通过提供多个激光点，穿过插管104的最小功率可以为约1瓦(W)。透镜(例如，图1B中的透镜100)可以放置在光纤的前方，这些光纤延伸穿过插管，以将激光束投射到例如患者眼睛的视网膜表面上。
图1B展示了插管104的尖端的截面视图，其中，透镜110被放置成将延伸穿过插管104的多个光纤108所传播的光束106准直并且进行投射。在本发明的某些实施例中，光纤108可以是光纤阵列或多芯光纤。当插管104比如穿过套管针插管被放置在患者身体部位中时，比如在血液或其他深色物质存在于插管104的尖端的前方、或部分地阻挡或触碰透镜110时，束106可能被反射回插管104中。激光束反射回插管104中增加了已经在插管104内生成的热量的量。这种过热可能使插管104和透镜110熔化并且还导致透镜110脱离插管104。
在本发明的某些实施例中，为了保护透镜110，将保护部件附接至探针组件的插管的远端和/或插入其中。该保护部件(例如，保护窗口)放置在透镜的远端的前方，该透镜本身被放置在一个或多个光纤的前方。该保护部件通过限制透镜沿着插管移动和/或还通过防止透镜脱离插管来保护该透镜。
图2A展示了放置在插管104的尖端处的示例性保护部件212的截面视图。如图所示，保护部件212放置在插管104的远端205处，同时插管104的近端207连接至手持件(例如，图1A所示的手持件102)。如上文描述的，插管104的远端205是插入到患者身体部位中、或被配置为从探针组件100发射激光的一端。在某些实施例中，插管104包括比如不锈钢、镍钛诺(NiTi)、或铂铱合金(Pt-Ir)等材料。
保护部件212包括近端215和远端213。在某些实施例中，保护部件212包括光学澄清或透明的材料。合适的透明材料的示例包括具有高转变温度的蓝宝石、熔融二氧化硅、或其他玻璃或陶瓷材料。
在某些实施例中，保护部件212通过将部件212压入配合到插管104中而附接至插管104上。压入配合(也称为过盈配合或摩擦配合)是用于将保护部件212紧固至插管104上的技术，这种紧固是在保护部件212被推入插管104中之后通过保护部件212与插管104之间的摩擦实现的。在某些实施例中，保护部件212可以使用钎焊技术附接至插管104上。
图2B展示了保护部件212的三维视图。在某些实施例中，保护部件212是圆柱形部件，被放置到插管104的远端中的圆柱形开口中。虽然图2A至图2B所示的保护部件212是具有平坦端的圆柱形部件，但是在某些实施例中，保护部件212可以具有不同的形状。例如，在某些实施例中，保护部件212的近端可以是球形或非球形的。
图2C展示了插管104的、容纳了保护部件212的尖端的前视图。
图2D展示了插管104的尖端的三维视图。如图所示，保护部件212部分地延伸到插管104外部。
在某些情况下，保护部件212和插管104不具有匹配的尺寸公差。对比如保护部件212和插管104等部分指配了尺寸公差，作为制造目的的可接受建造体的边界。在保护部件212和插管104不具有匹配的公差的情形下，在一些区域中，插管104的内直径可以大于保护部件212的外直径，从而产生空隙。而且，在一些情形下，保护部件212和插管104可以具有不同粗糙度的表面。尺寸公差和表面粗糙度的这种不相容和差异可能使得探针容易发生泄漏。例如，流体(比如平衡盐溶液(BSS)、全氟辛烷(PFO)、血液)可能泄漏到插管中并且到达透镜与光纤之间(例如，图2A的透镜210与光纤108)，从而使得透镜210、并且因此使得探针组件100故障。作为示例，泄漏到插管104中的流体可能与减反射涂层表面接触，从而导致较小的激光束透射率、探针尖端过热、以及热逃窜。
图3展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的容纳了保护部件212的插管104的示例性前视图。在图3的示例中，插管104的内直径330大于保护部件212的外直径332，从而产生空隙334。如上文描述的，该空隙可以由保护部件212与插管104之间的尺寸公差和表面粗糙度的不相容和差异引起的。注意的是，空隙334的尺寸和形状是示例性的并且还出于展示目的被放大。在实际应用中，空隙334可能例如比一微米小得多。然而，即使非常小的空隙也可能使得探针组件110易于发生泄漏。
因此，本文描述的某些实施例涉及密封剂施加技术，用于将插管的远端的内直径与附接至插管的远端上的保护部件的外直径之间的开口或空隙进行密封。
由于保护部件和插管尖端具有微小的大小，因此在下文描述的密封位置处准确地对插管和保护部件施加非常少量的密封剂(例如，粘合剂材料)可能是个挑战。在没有良好受控的密封剂施加技术的情况下，保护部件可能被密封剂污染，从而导致激光束被阻挡并且潜在地使探针组件失效。而且，可能对插管的远端的外表面施加过多的密封剂，从而导致插管的远端的外直径扩大，由此使外科医生难以将探针组件的插管插入套管针插管中并且难以将插管从该套管针插管中移除，该套管针插管插入患者身体部位中。
图4A展示了密封剂402污染保护部件212并且还溢流到插管104的远端的外表面上的示例。本文描述的密封剂施加技术克服了施加少量密封剂来密封探针而不污染保护部件212或不溢流到插管104的外表面上的挑战。
图4B展示了使用本文描述的密封剂施加技术进行密封的插管104的远端的示例性截面视图。如图所示，密封剂406仅施加至密封位置430，该密封位置是指插管104的远端的内表面与保护部件212的远端的外表面之间的任何开口或空隙(例如，图3中的空隙334)。因此，如图所示，密封剂406未污染保护部件212或未施加至插管104的远端的外表面上。在本发明的某些实施例中，密封剂是双重固化密封剂。而且，密封剂的粘度可以在约500至约5000厘泊(cP)的范围内。
图5A展示了用于使用本文描述的密封剂施加技术来密封插管104的远端的示例性密封剂施加系统500。如示出的，系统500包括具有U形凹槽(例如，图5B中的凹槽540)的插管固持器520，插管104能够放置在该U形凹槽中并且沿着与插管104自身平行的旋转轴线(例如，图5B中的旋转轴线505)旋转。图5B展示了插管固持器520将插管104固持在U形凹槽540中的前视图。如图所示，U形凹槽540被配置成使得插管104的一部分保持在插管固持器520的止挡表面以上。图5B还示出了旋转轴线505，插管104以及保护部件212被配置成相对于插管固持器520围绕该旋转轴线旋转。
返回参考图5A，系统500还包括XYZ载台机器(未示出)，密封剂施加器530可以安装在该XYZ载台机器上。如图所示，XYZ载台机器能够提供沿着X、Y和Z平面的平移。如图所示，密封剂施加器530包括具有刚性管535的手持件534和延伸出刚性管535的丝532。在密封过程期间，使用者使用手持件534将丝532浸入密封剂中。然后，使用者将密封剂施加器530放在XYZ载台机器上并且调节密封剂施加器530的位置。在某些实施例中，丝532是非常细的丝，其直径在约20至约40微米(μm)的范围内。例如，丝532的直径可以为约40μm。直径非常小的丝532确保当丝532浸入密封剂中时丝532仅蘸取非常少且受控的量的密封剂。另外，在某些实施例中，丝532是柔性的，这是有利的，因为柔性丝532可能能够在丝被放置在密封位置时(例如，图4B的密封位置430)响应于抵靠保护部件212向上或向下推动而挠曲。柔性丝532还可以有助于将密封剂均匀且平滑地施加至密封位置。作为示例，丝532可以由镍钛诺制成。
使用XYZ载台机器，可以将丝532精确地放置在密封位置处，使得密封剂在密封位置处与保护部件212和插管104接触。一旦将丝532放置在密封位置，就可以使插管104旋转，使得密封剂可以在密封位置处围绕保护部件212的整个圆周均匀地分布并且被施加至整个圆周上。
同时，如图6C示出的，还可以将密封剂施加器530移动，以确保对密封位置施加足够的密封剂(例如，将丝532的其他区域上的额外密封剂施加至密封位置)。使用细的丝532确保仅对密封位置施加密封剂而不对保护部件的表面的任何额外的区域施加密封剂。换言之，使用细的丝532允许更精确地施加密封剂。图6A至图6D展示了根据本发明的特定实施例的密封剂施加程序的示例性阶段。
图6A展示了浸入密封剂中的丝532以及容纳了保护部件212的插管104。如上文描述的，可以使用XYZ载台机器来将丝532精确地放置在密封位置430处。
图6B展示了丝532的尖端被放置在密封位置430处。虽然未示出，但是一旦将丝532放置到密封位置430处，就可以使插管104旋转(例如，沿着图5B的旋转轴线505)，使得密封剂可以在密封位置430处均匀地施加至保护部件212的整个圆周。然而，在旋转一定次数之后，可能没有足够的密封剂留在丝532的尖端上。因此，如图6C示出的，丝532可以水平地向前移动，使得可以使用丝532的下部上的密封剂来进行密封。
图6C展示了水平地向前推动(例如，通过XYZ载台机器(未示出))丝532，以便将在丝532的下部上的密封剂施加至密封位置430。在另一示例中，如果首先使用了丝532的下部上的密封剂，则可以向后推动丝532，以使用丝532的上部上的密封剂。
图6D展示了使用上文描述的密封剂施加技术进行完全密封的示例性密封位置430。
图7展示了关于图5A和5B描述的密封剂施加系统500的额外的部件。例如，图7展示了密封剂施加器530安装在其上的XYZ载台支座(stage mount)740。XYZ载台740支座能够联接至能够将XYZ载台支座740沿着X、Y、和Z平面移动的XYZ载台机器(未示出)。如图所示，使用此机构，能够在密封剂施加过程期间将丝532精确地放置在密封位置处(例如，图4B中的密封位置430)并进行调节(例如，向前或向后推动)。图7还提供了联接至用于使插管104旋转的致动器(未示出)的载台750的前视图，该插管被放置在插管固持器520的U形凹槽(例如，图5B中的凹槽540)中。在某些实施例中，致动器由使用者来操作，使用者能够开启和关闭致动器。当开启致动器时，该致动器使插管104围绕与插管104平行的旋转轴线(例如，图5B中的旋转轴线505)旋转。
在某些实施例中，插管104旋转的持续时间和插管104旋转的速度是使用者可以控制和调节的参数。在某些其他实施例中，致动器由控制模块来控制和操作。在这样的实施例中，控制模块操作致动器以某一速度旋转一定次数(例如或一定的时间量)。控制模块还可以被配置成在执行完使用者限定的旋转次数之后终止致动器的操作。
在某些实施例中，可以在密封剂施加过程期间使用夹具来进一步紧固插管104并且防止任何不期望的移动。当插管104不是笔直时，使用夹具是特别有利的。例如，在一些情况下，插管的远侧尖端是弯曲的(如图1A示出的)。在这种情况下，可以将弯曲的插管(由比如镍钛诺等弹性材料制成)暂时拉直并且放置在插管固持器的U形凹槽中。然后，可以将插管夹紧，使得在密封剂施加程序期间防止其在插管尖端旋转时晃动。
图8展示了用于密封具有弯曲尖端的插管的示例性密封剂施加系统800。然而，注意的是，系统800还可以用于密封笔直插管。密封剂施加系统800包括旋转载台850，该旋转载台包括静止的壳体840以及联接至插管固持器820的可旋转轮830。可旋转轮830被配置成使插管固持器820以及被夹具860夹紧的插管104(例如，弯曲插管)一起旋转。换言之，不同于图7中在密封剂施加程序期间只使插管104旋转，在图8展示的实施例中，插管104连同插管固持器820以及可旋转轮830都围绕与插管104平行(例如，如图所示的与X轴线平行)的旋转轴线一起旋转。在某些实施例中，可旋转轮830可以联接至致动器，该致动器被配置用于使可旋转轮830旋转。
如图8示出的，插管固持器820具有开口870，该开口提供一些操作空间，由此允许使用者操纵插管104并且调节其放置等。在图8中，插管固持器820被示出为通过螺钉862a和862b联接至夹具860。然而，在其他实施例中，可以使用除螺钉之外的元件来将夹具860联接至插管固持器820。
图9展示了联接至用于夹紧插管104的夹具860上的插管固持器820的另一视图。夹具860能够通过向插管104的顶部施加压力来紧固插管104。在某些实施例中，夹具860由柔性材料制成，使得夹紧插管104时不会损坏插管104。如上文描述的，注意的是，当插管104是弯曲的时，插管104的远端的尖端(例如，示出为尖端980)可以留在U形凹槽之外，以便防止插管104在旋转期间晃动。
图10示出了根据本发明的特定实施例的流程图1000，其展示了用于密封激光探针的方法中的步骤。在一些实施例中，使用密封剂施加系统(例如，密封剂施加系统500)来执行流程图1000的步骤。在某些实施例中，在执行步骤1002-1012时涉及使用者，而在其他实施例中，密封剂施加系统500可以被配置为自动地执行步骤1002-1012中的至少一些步骤。
在步骤1002处，比如由使用者来将探针组件的插管(例如，插管104)定位在插管固持器的U形凹槽中。如关于图2A描述的，保护部件被放置在插管的远端处。在其近端处，该插管联接至用于使该插管旋转的致动器。
在步骤1004处，将密封剂施加器的丝浸入密封剂中。
在步骤1006处，将密封剂施加器放置在XYZ载台机器的XYZ载台支座中。
在步骤1008处，调节密封剂施加器的位置使得密封剂施加器的丝被放置在激光探针的密封位置处。将丝放置在密封位置处使得丝上的密封剂被至少施加至密封位置(例如，图4的密封位置430)的区域。
在步骤1010处，启动致动器使插管旋转的操作。使插管旋转允许丝上的密封剂被施加至密封位置的所有区域。
可选地，在步骤1012处，XYZ载台机器将丝向前移动，以便将丝的其他区域中(例如，下部区域)的密封剂施加至密封位置。致动器使插管继续旋转，直到密封位置被完全密封。
执行流程图1000的步骤1002至1010(以及可选地1012)获得具有密封的远端的热鲁棒性激光探针组件，其防止或至少减小了可能泄漏到探针中的流体的量。在某些实施例中，在将密封位置密封之后，可以将探针双重固化(粘合剂的紫外光固化(UV)+热固化)。
提供前面的描述是为了使本领域的任何技术人员能够实践本文所描述的各种实施例。对这些实施例的各种修改对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，并且本文所定义的一般原理可以应用于其他实施例。因此，权利要求不旨在限于本文所示的实施例，而是与权利要求的语言一致的全部范围。

Claims (15)

1.一种探针组件，包括：
插管，一个或多个光纤至少部分地延伸穿过所述插管，以将激光从激光源传输至目标位置；
容纳在所述插管中的透镜；以及
在所述插管的远端处的保护部件；
其中，所述透镜被定位在所述一个或多个光纤与所述保护部件之间；并且
其中，所述插管的远端在所述探针组件的密封位置处被密封。
2.如权利要求1所述的探针组件，其中，所述密封位置包括在所述插管的远端的内表面与所述保护部件的外表面之间的空隙。
3.如权利要求1所述的探针组件，其中，所述密封位置由粘度在约500至约5000厘泊的范围内的密封剂密封。
4.如权利要求1所述的探针组件，其中，所述密封位置被双重固化的密封剂密封。
5.如权利要求1所述的探针组件，其中，所述保护部件被压入配合到所述插管的远端中。
6.一种密封剂施加系统，包括：
密封剂施加器，所述密封剂施加器包括丝；
载台机器，所述载台机器被配置用于固持所述密封剂施加器并且将所述丝定位在探针组件的插管的远端处的密封位置处；以及
致动器，所述致动器被配置用于一旦所述载台机器已经将所述丝定位在所述密封位置处就使所述插管旋转，以使得所述丝上的密封剂能够施加至所述密封位置。
7.如权利要求6所述的密封剂施加系统，其中，所述载台机器被配置成在所述致动器使所述插管旋转的同时将所述丝向前或向后移动。
8.如权利要求6所述的密封剂施加系统，其中，所述密封位置由粘度在约500至约5000厘泊的范围内的密封剂密封。
9.如权利要求6所述的密封剂施加系统，其中，所述密封位置用双重固化的密封剂进行密封。
10.如权利要求6所述的密封剂施加系统，进一步包括插管固持器，所述插管固持器被配置用于在施加所述密封剂期间紧固所述插管。
11.如权利要求10所述的密封剂施加系统，其中，所述致动器被配置用于使所述插管固持器连同所述插管一起旋转。
12.如权利要求6所述的密封剂施加系统，其中，所述丝的直径在约20至约40微米的范围内。
13.一种制造探针组件的方法，所述方法包括：
将涂覆有密封剂的丝定位在所述探针组件的插管的远端处的密封位置处；
使所述插管旋转，以将所述密封剂施加至所述密封位置。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：
在所述旋转期间将所述丝向前和向后移动。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：
在所述密封位置被密封之后对其进行双重固化。
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