CN111462008B - Low-illumination image enhancement method, low-illumination image enhancement device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Low-illumination image enhancement method, low-illumination image enhancement device and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-illumination image enhancement method, a low-illumination image enhancement device and an electronic device. The low-illumination image enhancement method comprises the following steps: calculating a first gray level image of the low illumination image, calculating an average pixel value of the first gray level image, calculating a second gray level image, calculating a gain image, and multiplying the gain image and an RGB (red, green and blue) image of the low illumination image to obtain an image of a red sub-image, a green sub-image and a blue sub-image which are enhanced by low illumination; and synthesizing the three sub-images with the enhanced low illumination into a final target RGB image. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the camera imaging quality in a low-illumination environment can be greatly enhanced, and a low-illumination image can be rapidly and effectively enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to image processing, and in particular, to a low-illuminance image enhancement method, a low-illuminance image enhancement apparatus, and an electronic device.
Background
In low-illumination environments such as insufficient light, poor illumination, and even only moonlight or starlight, how to enable high-quality imaging by a camera has been a challenge in the industry. The industry currently enhances the imaging quality in a low-light environment by two methods, namely hardware and software.
For example, a fill-in light (visible light or infrared light) is added on a hardware level, which can actually enhance the imaging quality, but the fill-in light equipment can significantly increase the product cost; under special occasions, the flash of the light supplement lamp can cause interference to the surrounding environment, and the application range of the camera is limited; in addition, the light supplement lamp improves the illumination of the environment, and the method is not low-illumination imaging in a strict sense.
Enhancing the imaging quality in low light environments by software is another widely adopted means. In most cases, software implementations require some operation on pixel values in an image or video frame to map low-grayscale pixel values to high-grayscale pixel values.
Other existing technical means, such as increasing exposure time, increasing signal gain, enlarging aperture, etc., can not satisfy the imaging requirements in a low-illumination environment, and can cause various problems, such as introducing noise, affecting depth of field, etc., which can reduce the imaging quality of the camera.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a low-illumination image enhancement method and apparatus, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium, so as to solve the problem of imaging in a low-illumination environment.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a low illuminance image enhancement method, including: calculating a first gray image of the low-illuminance image by the following formula:
L(x,y)=0.229*R(x,y)+0.587*G(x,y)+0.114*B(x,y),
wherein R (x, y), G (x, y), B (x, y) are pixel values of the red, green and blue sub-images of the low-illuminance image at the position (x, y), respectively, and L (x, y) is a pixel value of the first gray image at the position (x, y);
calculating an average pixel value of the first gray image by the following formula:
calculating a second gray scale image by the following formula:
wherein L is max Is the maximum pixel value, L, in the first gray scale image self-ad (x, y) is a pixel value of the second gray scale image at the position (x, y);
the gain image is calculated by the following formula:
wherein L is gain (x, y) is the pixel value of the gain image at position (x, y);
multiplying the gain image with the RGB image of the low-illumination image to obtain the images of the red sub-image, the green sub-image and the blue sub-image which are enhanced by the low illumination:
R result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*R(x,y)
G result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*G(x,y),
B result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*B(x,y)
wherein R is result (x,y)、G result (x,y)、B result (x, y) are the resulting images of the red, green, and blue subgraphs, respectively, after low illumination enhancement at position (x, y);
and synthesizing the three sub-images with the enhanced low illumination into a final target RGB image.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a low illuminance image enhancement apparatus comprising: a first grayscale image calculation module for calculating a first grayscale image of the low-illuminance image by the following formula:
L(x,y)=0.229*R(x,y)+0.587*G(x,y)+0.114*B(x,y),
wherein R (x, y), G (x, y), B (x, y) are pixel values of the red, green and blue sub-images of the low-illuminance image at the position (x, y), respectively, and L (x, y) is a pixel value of the first gray image at the position (x, y);
a gray average calculation module for calculating an average pixel value of the first gray image by the following formula:
a second gray image calculating module for calculating a second gray image by the following formula:
wherein L is max Is the maximum pixel value, L, in the first gray scale image self-ad (x, y) is a pixel value of the second gray scale image at the position (x, y);
a gain image calculation module for calculating a gain image by the following formula:
wherein L is gain (x, y) is the pixel value of the gain image at position (x, y);
the low-illumination enhanced image calculation module is used for multiplying the gain image and the RGB image of the low-illumination image to obtain a low-illumination enhanced image:
R result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*R(x,y)
G result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*G(x,y),
B result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*B(x,y)
wherein R is result(x,y) 、G result(x,y) 、B result(x,y) The result images of the red sub-image, the green sub-image and the blue sub-image after being enhanced by low illumination at the position (x, y) are respectively;
and the synthesis module is used for synthesizing the three sub-images subjected to low illumination enhancement into a final target RGB image.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the program.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the above-described method.
From the above, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the imaging quality of the camera in the low-illumination environment can be greatly enhanced, and the low-illumination image can be rapidly and effectively enhanced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a low-illumination image enhancement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a low-illumination image enhancement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a more specific hardware structure diagram of an electronic device according to this embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the detailed description.
It should be noted that technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should have a general meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise defined. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
As described above, in order to solve the imaging problem in the low-illumination environment, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-illumination image enhancement method. An implementation of the method is described below with reference to fig. 1, which fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of the method. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s110, a first gray image of the low-illuminance image is calculated.
It is assumed that the low-illumination image is an RGB (red green blue) image, the RGB image is a frame of image acquired in a low-illumination environment, and the resolution of the RGB image is M × N, which is a target image to be enhanced by the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention. The image is composed of three color subgraphs, namely a red subgraph R, a green subgraph G and a blue subgraph B, and the resolution of each subgraph is equal to that of the original RGB image. The three subgraphs have the same number of pixel points, and each pixel point can be positioned through coordinates (x, y). The pixel values of the sub-picture range from 0 to 255. At this time, the conversion to the first gray image may be performed using a calculation formula commonly used in the art:
L(x,y)=0.229*R(x,y)+0.587*G(x,y)+0.114*B(x,y)
where R (x, y), G (x, y), and B (x, y) are pixel values of the red, green, and blue sub-images of the low-illuminance image at the position (x, y), respectively, and L (x, y) is a pixel value of the first grayscale image at the position (x, y) obtained in step S110.
The first grayscale image may also be referred to as an original grayscale image, as opposed to another grayscale image that will be obtained below.
In the case where the low-illuminance image is not an RGB image, such as a CMYK image, the CMYK image may be converted into an RGB image, and then the operation in step S110 may be performed. This operation is within the purview of one skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
S120, after the first gray scale image is obtained in step S110, calculating an average pixel value of the first gray scale image, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
where L (x, y) is the pixel value of the first grayscale image at location (x, y), as described above.
S130, using the average pixel value calculated in the step S120And calculating a second gray scale image according to the following calculation formula:
L self-ad a second gray scale image is obtained, again with a resolution of M x N. L is self-ad (x, y) is a pixel value of the second gray scale image at the position (x, y). L is max Is the maximum pixel value in the first grayscale image obtained in step S110, L (x, y) is the pixel value of the first grayscale image at position (x, y). As can be seen, the second gray scale image takes into account the average gray scale value and the maximum pixel value of the entire first gray scale image.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, low illumination enhancement is carried out, and the essence of the low illumination enhancement is that a new pixel value is used for replacing an original pixel value at the coordinates (x, y), so that the image effect is better. In many existing image processing algorithms, the new pixel value at coordinate (x, y) is determined by a few surrounding pixel values (x, y), so the algorithm is "local". According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the new pixel value is determined by the pixel value of the whole image, so that the new pixel value is of a "global" nature. And the image after low illumination enhancement is completely determined by the original image, namely the whole low illumination enhancement process only depends on the original image without external control or intervention, so the method is self-adaptive. Thus, this generated second grayscale image may also be referred to as a "global adaptive grayscale image"
S140, calculating a gain image using the second gray image obtained in step S130, the calculation formula being as follows:
that is, the second grayscale image L obtained in step S130 is used self-ad (x, y) and the first gray image L (x, y) obtained in step S110 perform a division operation on a pixel-by-pixel basis,a gain image L can be obtained gain (x, y). Wherein L is gain (x, y) is the pixel value of the gain image at position (x, y).
S150, multiplying the gain image obtained in the step S140 by the RGB image of the low-illumination image to obtain an image with the low-illumination enhanced red sub-image, green sub-image and blue sub-image:
R result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*R(x,y)
G result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*G(x,y),
B result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*B(x,y)
wherein R is result (x,y)、G result (x,y)、B result (x, y) are the resulting images of the red, green, and blue subgraphs, respectively, after being low-luminance enhanced at position (x, y).
And S160, synthesizing the three subgraphs into a final target RGB image according to the three subgraphs with low-illumination enhancement obtained in the step S150.
In summary, according to the embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to obtain a gain value of each pixel value according to the image gray scale information, and enhance the low-illumination image according to the gain value, which roughly includes the following steps: 1) Acquiring an original RGB format image, and calculating three channel subgraphs of the image to obtain an original gray image; 2) Performing global self-adaptive processing on the original gray level image to obtain a self-adaptive gray level image; 3) Performing a division operation on the self-adaptive gray level image and the original gray level image according to pixels to obtain a pixel gain image; 4) Multiplying the gain image by three channel subgraphs of the original RGB image according to pixels; 5) And synthesizing the three channel sub-images into a final target RGB image. The whole process involves 5 images, the original RGB image to be processed is the initial one, the image with low illumination enhancement is the end one, and the rest of the images are generated in the middle process.
According to the technical scheme of this embodiment, compare with the imaging quality under the low light level environment through increasing light filling equipment promotion, need not extra hardware cost and can promote the formation of image effect.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a low-illuminance image enhancement apparatus. Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of the low-illuminance image enhancement apparatus. As shown in fig. 2, the low-illuminance image enhancement apparatus includes:
a first grayscale image calculation module 210, configured to calculate a first grayscale image of the low-illuminance image according to the following formula:
L(x,y)=0.229*R(x,y)+0.587*G(x,y)+0.114*B(x,y),
where R (x, y), G (x, y), B (x, y) are pixel values of the red, green, and blue sub-images of the low-illuminance image at position (x, y), respectively, and L (x, y) is a pixel value of the first grayscale image at position (x, y).
A mean grayscale calculation module 220, configured to calculate an average pixel value of the first grayscale image according to the following formula:
a second gray image calculating module 230, configured to calculate a second gray image according to the following formula:
wherein L is max Is the maximum pixel value, L, in said first gray scale image self-ad (x, y) is a pixel value of the second gray scale image at position (x, y).
A gain image calculation module 240 for calculating a gain image by the following formula:
wherein L is gain (x, y) is the pixel value of the gain image at position (x, y).
A low-illumination enhanced image calculation module 250, configured to multiply the gain image with the RGB image of the low-illumination image to obtain a low-illumination enhanced image:
R result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*R(x,y)
G result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*G(x,y),
B result (x,y)=L gain (x,y)*B(x,y)
wherein R is result (x,y)、G result (x,y)、B result (x, y) are the resulting images of the red, green, and blue subgraphs, respectively, after being low-luminance enhanced at position (x, y).
And the synthesis module 260 is used for synthesizing the three sub-images into a final target RGB image.
The low-illuminance image enhancement apparatus shown in fig. 2 may further include a conversion module for converting the low-illuminance image into a red, green, blue, RGB image before calculating the first grayscale image of the low-illuminance image. The conversion module is applicable in case the input image is not an RGB image.
The device of this embodiment is used to implement the corresponding method in the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which are not described herein again.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through block diagrams and flowcharts. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some aspects of the embodiments described in this specification can be equivalently implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of one or more computer programs running on one or more computers, in the form of one or more programs running on one or more processors, in the form of firmware, or in virtually any combination thereof, and that designing the circuitry and/or writing the code for the software and/or firmware of this disclosure is well within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present disclosure.
In the case of implementation by software or firmware, a program constituting the software may be installed from a storage medium or a network to a computer having a dedicated hardware configuration, and the computer may execute various functions when various programs are installed.
The invention therefore also proposes a program product in which a machine-readable instruction code is stored. The instruction codes are read by a machine and can execute the low-illumination image enhancement method according to the embodiment of the invention when being executed. Accordingly, various storage media listed above for carrying such a program product are also included in the disclosure of the present invention.
The computer-readable media of the present embodiments include non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of the storage medium of the computer include, but are not limited to: phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, may be used to store information that may be accessed by a computing device.
It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method of the embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scene and is completed by the mutual cooperation of a plurality of devices. In such a distributed scenario, one of the devices may only perform one or more steps of the method of the embodiments of the present invention, and the devices interact with each other to complete the method.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device according to this embodiment, where the electronic device may include: a processor 310, a memory 320, an input/output interface 330, a communication interface 340, and a bus 350. Wherein the processor 310, memory 320, input/output interface 330, and communication interface 340 are communicatively coupled to each other within the device via bus 350.
The processor 310 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits, and is configured to execute related programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present specification.
The Memory 320 may be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or the like. The memory 320 may store an operating system and other application programs, and when the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 320 and called to be executed by the processor 310.
The input/output interface 330 is used for connecting an input/output module to realize information input and output. The i/o module may be configured as a component in a device (not shown) or may be external to the device to provide a corresponding function. The input devices may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output devices may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.
The communication interface 340 is used for connecting a communication module (not shown in the figure) to implement communication interaction between the present device and other devices. The communication module can realize communication in a wired mode (such as USB, network cable and the like) and also can realize communication in a wireless mode (such as mobile network, WIFI, bluetooth and the like).
It should be noted that although the above-mentioned device only shows the processor 310, the memory 320, the input/output interface 330, the communication interface 340 and the bus 350, in a specific implementation, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described apparatus may also include only those components necessary to implement the embodiments of the present description, and need not include all of the components shown in the figures.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the idea of the invention, also features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
In addition, well known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the provided figures for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure the invention. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the invention, and also in view of the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform within which the present invention is to be implemented (i.e., specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the invention, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive.
While the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures, such as Dynamic RAM (DRAM), may use the discussed embodiments.
The embodiments of the invention are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A low-illumination image enhancement method, comprising:
calculating a first gray image of the low-illuminance image by the following formula:
L(x,y)=0.229*R(x,y)+0.587*G(x,y)+0.114*B(x,y),
wherein R (x, y), G (x, y), B (x, y) are pixel values of the red, green and blue sub-images of the low-illuminance image at the position (x, y), respectively, and L (x, y) is a pixel value of the first gray image at the position (x, y);
calculating an average pixel value of the first gray image by the following formula:
wherein MN is the resolution of the low-illumination image;
calculating a second gray scale image by the following formula:
wherein L is max Is the maximum pixel value, L, in said first gray scale image self-ad (x, y) is a pixel value of the second gray scale image at position (x, y);
the gain image is calculated by the following formula:
wherein L is gain (x, y) is the pixel value of the gain image at position (x, y);
multiplying the gain image with a red, green and blue RGB image of the low-illumination image to obtain an image with the red sub-image, the green sub-image and the blue sub-image enhanced by low illumination:
wherein R is result (x,y)、G result (x,y)、B result (x, y) are the resulting images of the red, green, and blue subgraphs, respectively, after being low-illumination enhanced at position (x, y);
and synthesizing the three sub-images subjected to low-illumination enhancement into a final target RGB image.
2. The low-illuminance image enhancement method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
the low-illumination image is converted into an RGB image before calculating the first gray image of the low-illumination image.
3. A low-illumination image enhancement apparatus, comprising:
a first grayscale image calculation module for calculating a first grayscale image of the low-illuminance image by the following formula:
L(x,y)=0.229*R(x,y)+0.587*G(x,y)+0.114*B(x,y),
wherein R (x, y), G (x, y), B (x, y) are pixel values of the red, green and blue sub-images of the low illumination image at position (x, y), respectively, and L (x, y) is a pixel value of the first gray image at position (x, y);
a gray average value calculating module, configured to calculate an average pixel value of the first gray image according to the following formula:
wherein MN is the resolution of the low-illumination image;
a second gray image calculating module for calculating a second gray image by the following formula:
wherein L is max Is the maximum pixel value, L, in the first gray scale image self-ad (x, y) is a pixel value of the second gray scale image at position (x, y);
a gain image calculation module for calculating a gain image by the following formula:
wherein L is gain (x, y) is the pixel value of the gain image at position (x, y);
the low-illumination enhanced image calculation module is used for multiplying the gain image and the red, green and blue RGB image of the low-illumination image to obtain a low-illumination enhanced image:
wherein R is result(x,y) 、G result(x,y) 、B result(x,y) The result images of the red sub-image, the green sub-image and the blue sub-image after being enhanced by low illumination at the position (x, y) are respectively;
and the synthesis module is used for synthesizing the three sub-images with the enhanced low illumination into a final target RGB image.
4. The low-illuminance image enhancement device of claim 3, further comprising:
and the conversion module is used for converting the low-illumination image into a red, green and blue (RGB) image before calculating the first gray level image of the low-illumination image.
5. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method according to claim 1 or 2 when executing the program.
6. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of claim 1 or 2.
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