CN111457967A - Integrated automobile hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile wheel hub bearings, in particular to an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing and a manufacturing method thereof. Among them, the automobile wheel hub bearing based on the integration of fiber grating sensing includes the automobile wheel hub bearing, the fiber grating sensing system and the fiber grating demodulator. The automobile wheel hub bearing is the third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing with a double-row structure. The fiber grating sensor system is installed and fixed on the wheel hub bearing to monitor the temperature and strain state of the outer ring of the automobile wheel hub bearing. The fiber grating demodulator is connected to the fiber grating transmission. sensor system for displaying test data. Based on the fiber grating sensor integrated automobile wheel hub bearing, the fiber grating sensor integrated automobile wheel hub bearing can realize the multi-point synchronous test of temperature and strain by making full use of the advantages of the fiber grating sensor in one line and multiple points.

Description

A kind of integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensor and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile wheel hub bearings, in particular to an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Wheel hub bearing is one of the key parts of the car, and its performance is directly related to the driving safety and comfort of the car. It is very important to ensure the healthy operation of the car wheel hub bearing. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively monitor the running state of the car wheel hub bearing.

For the condition monitoring of automobile wheel hub bearings, some people in China have proposed some methods such as temperature (automobile wheel hub bearing temperature monitoring device, monitoring terminal and detection system, 201921627808.7), vibration (vibration test and analysis of the third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing unit), However, most of the traditional temperature monitoring or vibration monitoring is carried out separately. Even simultaneous testing requires different sensors, most of which are single-point tests, such as thermocouples, vibration acceleration sensors, etc., which also puts forward multi-channel and diverse acquisition requirements for acquisition instruments. . In addition, some experts take advantage of the multi-point measurement of fiber grating sensing, and propose some testing methods using fiber grating sensing bearings, such as for spherical plain bearings (a sensor-integrated spherical plain bearing and its use method, 201910966657.6) or The bearing test on the bearing tester is realized by modifying the bearing seat (a fiber grating distributed device and method for measuring the temperature and strain of the bearing ring, 201610487542.5), however, the structure of the spherical plain bearing is very different from that of the rolling bearing. The bearing seat is modified on the tester, and the integration of the bearing sensor cannot be realized. It can only be carried out on the test bench, and cannot be used in rolling bearing applications and tested under actual working conditions. In addition, the current three-generation automobile wheel hub bearing unit is a double-row integrated structure, and the traditional single bearing testing method or sensor arrangement and installation can no longer meet the actual needs. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the vibration and sensor integration of the third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing.

In addition, the load of the automobile wheel hub bearing during the driving process is relatively complex, and it bears both the radial load and the bending moment. How to effectively obtain the bearing load conditions in the full cycle through the bearing's own sensing technology is also the key to bearing design and performance analysis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new sensor-integrated automotive wheel hub bearing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and proposes an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing and a manufacturing method thereof, which can effectively realize the multi-point synchronous test of the temperature and strain of the double row bearing of the automobile wheel hub bearing, and simultaneously According to the proposed load identification method, the wheel bearing load measurement is realized.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing integration includes an automobile wheel hub bearing 1 , a fiber grating sensing system 2 and a fiber grating demodulator 3 . The automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is a third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing with a double-row structure. The fiber grating sensor system 2 is installed and fixed on the wheel hub bearing 1 to monitor the temperature and strain state of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing. The fiber grating demodulator 3 Connect the fiber grating sensor system 2 to display test data.

The outer surface of the automobile wheel hub bearing outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is provided with an annular groove and a wire outlet groove 113. The annular groove is arranged in two rows, which are consistent with the number of rows of the bearing, and are respectively the first annular groove. The groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 . The annular grooves are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing in a circular shape, and are used for fixing, limiting and arranging the fiber grating sensor 21. The first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 are located in two rows respectively. The middle position just above the rolling element; the outlet groove 113 is also located on the outer surface of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing, which is used to communicate the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112, and is connected with the second annular groove. 112 is vertical and penetrates to the end face of the outer ring 11 of the automobile hub bearing.

The fiber grating sensing system 2 includes a fiber grating sensor 21 , and the fiber grating sensor 21 includes a fiber grating sensor connecting wire 211 , a temperature measuring point 212 , a strain measuring point 213 and a glue 214 . The fiber grating sensor connecting line 211 connects the temperature measuring points 212 and the strain measuring points 213 .

The temperature measuring point 212 is set in the sleeve, and the sleeve is placed in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 to sense the temperature of the outer ring 11 of the hub bearing; the strain measuring The point 213 is directly pasted and fixed in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112. In addition, in order to avoid the influence of temperature on the strain measuring point 213, the temperature measuring point 212 of the fiber grating sensor 21 is used to measure the strain measuring point 213. Carry out correction compensation, temperature compensation and decoupling, the pressure calculation formula is:

Among them, λ ₁ is the wavelength corresponding to the strain measuring point 213 of the fiber grating sensor 21 ; Δλ ₁ is the wavelength change amount of the strain measuring point 213 corresponding to the fiber grating sensor 21 ; K _p is the pressure conversion coefficient of the fiber grating; K _2T is the fiber grating Temperature conversion coefficient; λ ₂ is the wavelength corresponding to the temperature measuring point 213 of the fiber grating sensor 21; Δλ ₂ is the wavelength change amount of the temperature measuring point 212 corresponding to the fiber grating sensor 21; p is the strain measuring point 213 value of the fiber grating sensor 21 .

The fiber grating sensor 21 uses glue 214 to fix the fiber grating sensor connecting line 211 in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112, and the first annular groove 111, the second annular groove 112 and the outlet wire are fixed. The grooves 113 are filled to fix the positions of the temperature measuring points 212 and the strain measuring points 213 of the fiber grating sensor 21 .

The automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is preferably the third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing, and the fiber grating sensing system 2 is installed and fixed on the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 to monitor the temperature and strain state of the outer ring of the automobile wheel hub bearing. The temperature measurement point 212 is one or more points, and the strain measurement point 213 is preferably selected from multiple points.

The manufacturing method of the fiber grating sensor integrated automobile wheel hub bearing includes:

Step 1: Force Analysis of Automobile Wheel Bearing 1:

The force of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is analyzed by the finite element method or the bearing statics method.

(1) Analysis of the load-bearing area of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1: under the action of automobile gravity, the load distribution of the internal rolling elements is analyzed, and the arrangement of the fiber grating sensor 21 is carried out. The temperature measuring points 212 and the strain measuring points 213 are respectively set at corresponding positions.

(2) Analysis of strain characteristics of wheel hub bearing rings under bending moment loads and radial loads: The upper and lower parts of the bearings on both sides of the wheel hub bearing rings and the upper and lower parts of the single-sided bearings under the conditions of bending moment loads and radial loads show different strain changes characteristic. Under the action of radial load, the lower parts of the two rows of bearings are uniformly loaded, and the strain measuring points 213 of the bearings on both sides are the same, and both the lower measuring points have large strain and the upper part has little change. Under the action of bending moment load, the two rows of bearing measuring points show opposite characteristics under the action of bending moment, in which the upper strain of one row changes greatly, and the lower strain measuring point of the other row changes in a gradient.

Step 2: Arrangement of the fiber grating sensor 21: Determine the installation position of the fiber grating sensor 21 through the force analysis of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 in step 1, taking the axial plane of the central axis of the bearing as the benchmark, and the upper half on the axial plane. The lower half is below the axial plane, and the fiber grating sensors 21 are arranged on the bearings on both sides respectively. After the fiber grating sensor 21 is arranged in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 on both sides of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 , the fiber grating sensor 21 is connected and led out through the fiber grating sensor connecting wire 211 .

Step 3: Sensing integrated bearing packaging: use glue 214 to paste the fiber grating sensor connecting wire 211 in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112, fix the position of the fiber grating sensor 21, and use glue 214 to attach the The first annular groove 111 , the second annular groove 112 and the wire outlet groove 113 are filled, and after filling, they coincide with the outer surface of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing.

Step 4: Calibration of the fiber grating sensor 21, the calibration of the fiber grating sensor 21 is divided into temperature calibration and force parameter calibration:

(1) Temperature calibration: put the packaged automobile wheel hub bearing 1 in step 3 into a variable temperature environment, apply a given temperature to the automobile wheel hub bearing 1, test the wavelength change, and draw a temperature and wavelength curve, the slope of which is conversion factor;

(2) Static calibration of force parameters: The static load at different positions of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is used to obtain the experimental data of the strain of the automobile wheel hub bearing test device. The relationship between radial load or bending moment load, a strain gauge is set at the strain measuring point 213 on each side, and a strain measuring point 213 is set on the upper half and the lower half, then under the action of bending moment load The coefficient of strain gauge strain of strain measuring point 213 is:

Similarly, under the action of radial load, the strain gage strain coefficients of the multiple strain measuring points 213 on both sides are respectively:

(3) Dynamic identification of force parameters, respectively applying radial load or bending moment load to the automobile wheel hub bearing 1, and testing the wavelength changes of the strain measuring points 213 at the upper and lower parts of the sensors on both sides respectively.

The actual strains obtained by the bending moment and radial combined load action strain gauges are ε ₂₁₃₁ , ε ₂₁₃₂ , ε ₂₁₃₃ , and ε ₂₁₃₄ , respectively, then

ε ₂₁₃₁ =ε _M2131 +ε _r2131 (1)

ε ₂₁₃₂ =ε _M2132 +ε _r2132 (2)

ε ₂₁₃₃ =ε _M2133 +ε _r2133 (3)

ε ₂₁₃₄ =ε _M2134 +ε _r2134 (4)

F _M = Km ₂₁₃₁ ε _M2131 = Km ₂₁₃₂ ε _M2132 = Km ₂₁₃₃ ε _M2133 = Km ₂₁₃₄ ε _M2134 (5)

F _r = Kr ₂₁₃₁ ε _r2131 = Kr ₂₁₃₂ ε _r2132 = Kr ₂₁₃₃ ε _r2133 = Kr ₂₁₃₄ ε _r2134 (6)

In the formula, ε _M2131 , ε _M2132 , ε _M2133 , ε _M2134 are the strain values of the strain gauge under the action of bending moment load, ε _r2131 , ε _r2132 , ε _r2133 , ε _r2134 are the strain values of the strain gauge under the action of radial load , and by solving the equations, ε _M2131 , ε _M2132 , ε _M2133 , ε _M2134 , ε _r2131 , εr2132, εr2133, εr2134 are obtained respectively, and then substituted into equations (5) and (6) to identify the bending moment, radial Loads F _M , Fr.

The effects and benefits of the present invention are: the present invention has the following beneficial effects based on the fiber grating sensor-integrated automobile wheel hub bearing and its manufacturing method (1) making full use of the advantages of the fiber grating sensor in one line and multiple points to make the fiber grating sensor-integrated automobile wheel hub The bearing can realize multi-point synchronous testing of temperature and strain; (2) the fiber grating sensor-integrated automobile wheel hub bearing can simultaneously realize the temperature and strain testing of two rows of bearings, which can effectively obtain the status of the two rows of bearings, which is conducive to comparison and distinction. The state of the two-row bearing; (3) The proposed packaging method and the small size of the fiber grating sensor have little modification and influence on the automobile wheel hub bearing, which is conducive to the formation of an integrated bearing; (4) The force calibration and identification methods are used to effectively identify and obtain The radial load and bending moment of the automobile wheel bearing can be obtained in real time during the driving process of the automobile, which provides an accurate load boundary for the design of the bearing.

Description of drawings

1 is a structural diagram of an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a structural diagram of an outer ring of an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (a) is the front view of the optical fiber grating sensor layout diagram based on the fiber grating sensor integrated automobile wheel hub bearing provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

3(b) is a cross-sectional view of the layout of the optical fiber grating sensor based on the fiber grating sensor integrated automobile wheel hub bearing provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (a) is the front view of the integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on the fiber grating sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

4(b) is a cross-sectional view of an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (c) is a partial enlarged view of the integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 (a) is the force diagram of the automobile wheel hub bearing based on the fiber grating sensing integrated automobile wheel hub bearing provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6(b) is a bearing distribution diagram of the rolling element of the automobile wheel hub bearing based on the fiber grating sensing integrated automobile wheel hub bearing provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7(a) is a strain diagram of a radial load ferrule of an automobile wheel hub bearing integrated based on fiber grating sensing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7(b) is a calibration result diagram under the radial load of the integrated automobile wheel hub bearing based on the fiber grating sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8(a) is a strain diagram of a bending moment load ferrule based on fiber grating sensing integrated automobile wheel hub bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8(b) is a calibration result diagram under the action of a bending moment load of an automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensor integration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 automobile wheel bearing; 2 fiber grating sensor system; 3 fiber grating regulator; 11 automobile wheel bearing outer ring; 21 fiber grating sensor; 111 first annular groove; 112 second annular groove; 113 wire outlet ; 211 fiber grating sensor cable; 212 temperature measurement points; 213 strain measurement points; 214 glue.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

It should be understood that the appended drawings are not to scale, presenting a suitably simplified representation of various features illustrative of the basic principles of the invention. The specific design features of the invention disclosed herein, including, for example, the specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and profiles will be determined in part by the specific intended application and use environment.

In the accompanying figures, the same or equivalent parts (elements) are referenced with the same reference numerals.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, outer, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and The description is simplified rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Example:

As shown in FIG. 1 , a sensor-integrated automobile wheel hub bearing in this embodiment includes an automobile wheel hub bearing 1 , a fiber grating sensing system 2 and a fiber grating demodulator 3 . The automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is the third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing with a double-row structure. The fiber grating sensing system 2 is installed and fixed on the wheel hub bearing 1 to monitor the temperature and strain state of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing, and the fiber grating is demodulated. The instrument 3 is connected to the fiber grating sensing system 21 for displaying test data.

As shown in FIG. 2, the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 includes an automobile wheel hub bearing outer ring 11, an inner ring, a cage and rollers, the wheel hub bearing is a double row structure, and the automobile wheel hub bearing outer ring 11 is a flange structure. , There are annular grooves and outlet grooves on the outer surface, the annular grooves are two rows consistent with the number of rows of the bearing, namely the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112. The annular grooves are arranged in a circular shape on the outer surface of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing, and are used for fixing, limiting and arranging the fiber grating sensor system 2. The first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 on both sides are located in two rows respectively. Just above the rolling elements, it can effectively test the state of the bearing and the change of the external load; the outlet groove 113 is also located on the outer surface of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel bearing, and is used to connect the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112, It is perpendicular to the second annular groove 112 and penetrates to the end face of the outer ring 11 of the automobile wheel hub bearing, and the fiber grating sensor connecting wire 211 is fixed and drawn out.

As shown in FIGS. 3( a ), 3 ( b ) and 4 ( a ) to 4 ( c ), the fiber grating sensing system 2 includes a fiber grating sensor 21 , and the fiber grating sensor 21 includes a fiber grating sensor connecting line 211 , temperature measuring point 212 , strain measuring point 213 and glue 214 . The fiber grating sensor connecting line 211 connects a plurality of fiber grating sensing points (temperature measuring point 212 and strain measuring point 213 ). The temperature measuring point 212 is set in the casing, and the casing is combined with the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 to sense only the temperature of the outer ring of the hub bearing, while the strain measuring point 213 is directly pasted and fixed to the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112. An annular groove 111 and a second annular groove 112. In addition, in order to avoid the influence of temperature on the strain measuring point, the temperature measuring point 212 of the fiber grating sensor 21 is used to correct and compensate the strain measuring point 213 to perform temperature compensation and decoupling. , the pressure calculation formula is:

Among them, λ ₁ is the wavelength corresponding to the strain measuring point 213 of the fiber grating sensor 21 ; Δλ ₁ is the wavelength change amount of the strain measuring point 213 corresponding to the fiber grating sensor 21 ; K _p is the pressure conversion coefficient of the fiber grating; K _2T is the fiber grating Temperature conversion coefficient; λ ₂ is the wavelength corresponding to the temperature measuring point 213 of the fiber grating sensor 21; Δλ ₂ is the wavelength change amount of the temperature measuring point 212 corresponding to the fiber grating sensor 21; p is the strain measuring point 213 value of the fiber grating sensor 21 .

The temperature measuring point 212 is one or more points, and the strain measuring point 213 is preferably more than one point. The fiber grating sensor uses glue 214 to fix the fiber grating sensor connecting line 211 on the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112, and fill the first annular groove 111, the second annular groove 112 and the wire outlet groove 113, Fix the position of the sensor.

As shown in Figure 5, the steps of the manufacturing method of the fiber grating sensor integrated automobile wheel hub bearing include:

Step 1: Force Analysis of Automobile Wheel Bearing 1:

The force of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is analyzed by the finite element method or the bearing statics method.

(1) Analysis of the load-bearing area of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1: The load distribution diagram of the inner rolling element of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 under the action of the automobile gravity shown in Figure 6(a), when the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is subjected to gravity vertically downward, the inner The force on the ring is transmitted from bottom to top, and the load-bearing area should be in a part of the area directly above, which is about 30° according to the calculation. Therefore, the temperature measuring point 212 and the strain measuring point 213 are set symmetrically when the sensor is arranged, as shown in Figure 6 ( b).

(2) Analysis of strain characteristics of wheel hub bearing rings under bending moment load and radial load conditions: Under bending moment load and radial load conditions, the bearing strain on both sides of the wheel hub bearing ring and the upper and lower parts of the unilateral bearing show different changes characteristic. As shown in Fig. 7(a), under the action of radial load, the lower part of the two rows of bearings are evenly loaded, and the strain measuring points 213 of the bearings on both sides are consistent, and the lower measuring points have large strain, and the upper part has very little change.

Under the action of bending moment load, as shown in Fig. 8(a), the two rows of bearing measuring points show opposite characteristics under the action of bending moment, in which the upper strain of one row changes greatly, and the lower strain measurement point of the other row is large.

Step 2: Arrangement of the fiber grating sensor 21: Determine the installation position of the fiber grating sensor 21 through the mechanical analysis of the automobile wheel bearing 1 in step 1, taking the axial plane of the central axis of the bearing as the benchmark, and the upper half on the axial plane , below the axial plane is the lower half, the fiber grating sensor 21 is arranged on the bearings on both sides, the temperature measuring point 212 and the strain measuring point 213 are respectively arranged on the upper half and the lower half of the bearings on both sides, and are respectively in the car After the fiber grating sensor 21 is arranged in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 on both sides of the hub bearing 1, it is connected and led out through the fiber grating sensor connecting line 211, as shown in Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b) ) shown.

Step 3: Sensing integrated bearing packaging: use glue 214 to paste the fiber grating sensor connecting wire 211 in the first annular groove 111 and the second annular groove 112 to fix the position of the fiber grating sensor 21, The first annular groove 111 , the second annular groove 112 and the wire outlet groove 113 are filled and overlapped with the outer surface of the outer ring 11 of the automobile hub bearing after filling, as shown in FIGS. 4( a ) to 4 ( c ).

Step 4: Calibration of the fiber grating sensor 21, the calibration of the fiber grating sensor 21 is divided into temperature calibration and force parameter calibration:

(1) Temperature calibration: put the packaged automobile wheel hub bearing 1 in step 3 into a variable temperature environment, apply a given temperature to the automobile wheel hub bearing 1, test the wavelength change, and draw a temperature and wavelength curve, the slope of which is conversion factor;

(2) Static calibration of force parameters: The static load at different positions of the automobile wheel hub bearing 1 is used to obtain the experimental data of the strain of the automobile wheel hub bearing test device. The relationship between radial load or bending moment load is shown in Figure 7(b) and Figure 8(b), a strain gauge is set at the strain measuring point 213 on each side, and a strain measuring point 213 is set on the upper half and the lower half. , then the strain gage strain coefficients of the multiple strain measuring points 213 on both sides under the action of the bending moment load are:

Similarly, the strain coefficients of the 213 strain gauges of the multiple strain measuring points on both sides under the action of radial load are:

(3) Dynamic identification of force parameters, respectively apply radial load or bending moment load to the automobile wheel hub bearing 1, respectively test and obtain the wavelength changes of the strain measuring points 213 at the upper and lower sides of the sensors on both sides,

The actual strains obtained by the bending moment and radial combined load action strain gauges are ε ₂₁₃₁ , ε ₂₁₃₂ , ε ₂₁₃₃ , and ε ₂₁₃₄ , respectively, then

ε ₂₁₃₁ =ε _M2131 +ε _r2131 (1)

ε ₂₁₃₂ =ε _M2132 +ε _r2132 (2)

ε ₂₁₃₃ =ε _M2133 +ε _r2133 (3)

ε ₂₁₃₄ = ε _M2134 +ε _r2134 (4)

F _M = K ₂₁₃₁ ε _M2131 = K ₂₁₃₂ ε _M2132 = K ₂₁₃₃ ε _M2133 = K ₂₁₃₄ ε _M2134 (5)

F _r =K ₂₁₃₁ ε _r2131 =K ₂₁₃₂ ε _r2132 =K ₂₁₃₃ ε _r2133 =K ₂₁₃₄ ε _r2134 (6)

In the formula, ε _M2131 , ε _M2132 , ε _M2133 , ε _M2134 are the strain values of the strain gauge under the action of bending moment load, ε _r2131 , ε _r2132 , ε _r2133 , ε _r2134 are the strain values of the strain gauge under the action of radial load , by solving the equations, respectively, ε _M2131 , ε _M2132 , ε _M2133 , ε _M2134 , ε _r2131 , ε _r2132 , ε _r2133 , ε _r2134 , and then substituted into equations (5) and (6) to identify the bending moment , Radial load F _M , Fr.

The descriptions presented above of the exemplary embodiments are intended only to illustrate technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be exhaustive, nor to limit the invention to the precise forms described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible for those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and their practical applications, to thereby facilitate others skilled in the art to understand, implement and utilize the various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives thereof and modified form. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. An automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing integration is characterized in that, the described automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensing integration comprises automobile wheel hub bearing (1), fiber grating sensing system (2) and a fiber grating demodulator (3); wherein, the fiber grating sensing system (2) is fixed on the wheel hub bearing (1) to monitor the temperature and strain state of the outer ring (11) of the automobile wheel hub bearing, and the fiber grating The demodulator (3) is connected to the fiber grating sensing system (2) for displaying test data; The outer surface of the outer ring (11) of the automobile wheel hub bearing (1) is provided with an annular groove and a wire outlet groove (113), and the annular groove is arranged in two rows, which is consistent with the number of rows of the bearing , respectively, a first annular groove (111) and a second annular groove (112); the annular grooves are arranged in annular shapes on the outer surface of the outer ring (11) of the automobile wheel hub bearing, respectively, for fixing, limiting and The fiber grating sensor (21) is arranged, the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112) are respectively located in the middle position directly above the two rows of rolling elements; the wire outlet groove (113) is also located in the automobile wheel hub bearing The outer surface of the outer ring (11) is used to communicate with the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112), is perpendicular to the second annular groove (112), and penetrates to the outer ring of the automobile wheel hub bearing (11) end face; The fiber grating sensing system (2) includes a fiber grating sensor (21), and the fiber grating sensor (21) includes a fiber grating sensor connecting line (211), a temperature measuring point (212), a strain measuring point (213) and a glue (214); the fiber grating sensor connecting line (211) connects a plurality of temperature measuring points (212) and strain measuring points (213); The temperature measuring point (212) is arranged in the sleeve, and the sleeve is arranged in the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112) for sensing the temperature of the outer ring (11) of the wheel hub bearing The strain measuring point (213) is fixed in the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112), and the temperature measuring point (212) of the fiber grating sensor (21) corresponds to the strain measuring point (213). ) amend compensation; The fiber grating sensor connecting wire (211) is fixed in the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112) by glue (214), and the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112) and the wire outlet groove (113) are filled to fix the positions of the temperature measuring point (212) and the strain measuring point (213). 2 . The automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensor integration according to claim 1 , wherein the automobile wheel hub bearing ( 1 ) is a third-generation automobile wheel hub bearing. 3 . 3. The automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensor integration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature measuring point (212) is provided with one or more points, and the strain measuring point (212) is provided with one or more points. 213) Set multiple points. 4. the manufacturing method of the automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensor integration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Step 1: The force analysis of the automobile wheel hub bearing (1), and the finite element or bearing statics method is used to analyze the force of the automobile wheel hub bearing (1); Step 2: Arrangement of the fiber grating sensor (21): The installation position of the fiber grating sensor (21) is determined by the force analysis of the automobile wheel hub bearing (1) in step 1. The upper half is on the upward plane, and the lower half is below the axial plane. Fiber grating sensors (21) are arranged on both sides of the bearing respectively, wherein the temperature measuring point (212) and the strain measuring point (213) are respectively on the two sides of the bearing. The positions of the upper half and the lower half are respectively set, and after the fiber grating sensor 21 is arranged in the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112) on both sides of the automobile wheel hub bearing (1), the fiber grating sensor 21 passes through the optical fiber. The grating sensor connecting line (211) is connected and led out; Step 3: Sensing integrated bearing packaging: use glue (214) to stick the fiber grating sensor connecting wire (211) in the first annular groove (111) and the second annular groove (112), and fix the fiber grating sensor (211). 21), use glue (214) to fill the first annular groove (111), the second annular groove (112) and the wire outlet groove (113), and then fill with the outer surface of the outer ring (11) of the automobile wheel hub bearing. coincide; Step 4: Calibration of the fiber grating sensor (21), the calibration of the fiber grating sensor (21) is divided into temperature calibration and force parameter calibration: (1) Temperature calibration: put the packaged automobile wheel hub bearing (1) in step 3 into a variable temperature environment, apply a given temperature to the automobile wheel hub bearing (1), test the wavelength change, and draw a temperature and wavelength curve , whose slope is the conversion coefficient; (2) Static calibration of force parameters: the static loads at different positions of the automobile wheel bearing (1), obtain the experimental data of the strain of the automobile wheel bearing test device, and use the least squares data fitting method for the obtained multiple sets of data to calibrate the strain or The relationship between wavelength and radial load or bending moment load, a strain gauge is set at the strain measuring point (213) on each side, and a strain measuring point (213) is set on the upper half and the lower half, then the bending moment load acts The coefficient of strain gage strain of the four strain measuring points (213) on the lower two sides is: Km ₂₁₃₁ =F _M /ε _M2131 Km ₂₁₃₂ =F _M /ε _M2132 Km ₂₁₃₃ =F _M /ε _M2133 ; Km ₂₁₃₄ =F _M /ε _M2134 Similarly, the strain coefficients of the strain gauges of the four strain measuring points (213) on both sides under the action of radial load are: Kr ₂₁₃₁ =F _r /ε _r2131 Kr ₂₁₃₂ =F _r /ε _r2132 Kr ₂₁₃₃ =F _r /ε _r2133 ; Kr ₂₁₃₄ =F _r /ε _r2134 (3) Dynamic identification of force parameters, respectively applying radial load or bending moment load to the automobile wheel hub bearing (1), and respectively testing to obtain the wavelength change of the strain measuring points (213) at the upper and lower parts of the sensors on both sides; The actual strains obtained by the bending moment and radial combined load action strain gauges are ε ₂₁₃₁ , ε ₂₁₃₂ , ε ₂₁₃₃ , and ε ₂₁₃₄ , respectively, then ε ₂₁₃₁ =ε _M2131 +ε _r2131 (1) ε _{2132 =} ε _{M2132 +} ε _r2132 (2) ε _{2133 =} ε _{M2133 +} ε _r2133 (3) ε _{2134 =} ε _{M2134 +} ε _r2134 (4) F _M = Km ₂₁₃₁ ε _M2131 = Km ₂₁₃₂ ε _M2132 = Km ₂₁₃₃ ε _M2133 = Km ₂₁₃₄ ε _M2134 (5) F _r = Kr ₂₁₃₁ ε _r2131 = Kr ₂₁₃₂ ε _r2132 = Kr ₂₁₃₃ ε _r2133 = Kr ₂₁₃₄ ε _r2134 (6) In the formula, ε _M2131 , ε _M2132 , ε _M2133 , ε _M2134 are the strain values of the strain gauge under the action of bending moment load, ε _r2131 , ε _r2132 , ε _r2133 , ε _r2134 are the strain values of the strain gauge under the action of radial load , by solving the equations, respectively, ε _M2131 , ε _M2132 , ε _M2133 , ε _M2134 , ε _r2131 , ε _r2132 , ε _r2133 , ε _r2134 , and then substituted into equations (5) and (6) to identify the bending moment , Radial load F _M , Fr. 5. the manufacture method of the automobile wheel hub bearing based on fiber grating sensor integration according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step 1, the stress analysis of automobile wheel hub bearing (1) specifically comprises: (1) Analysis of the load-bearing area of the automobile wheel hub bearing (1): under the action of automobile gravity, the load distribution of the internal rolling elements is analyzed, and the arrangement of the fiber grating sensor (21) is carried out. The corresponding positions of the two annular grooves (112) are respectively provided with temperature measuring points (212) and strain measuring points (213); (2) Analysis of strain characteristics of wheel hub bearing rings under bending moment loads and radial loads: The upper and lower parts of the bearings on both sides of the wheel hub bearing rings and the upper and lower parts of the single-sided bearings under the conditions of bending moment loads and radial loads show different strain changes Characteristics; under the action of radial load, the lower part of the two rows of bearings are evenly loaded, the strain measuring points (213) of the bearings on both sides are the same, and the lower measuring point has a large strain, and the upper part has a small change; under the action of a bending moment load, the two rows Under the action of the bending moment, the bearing measuring points show opposite characteristics, in which the upper strain of one row changes greatly, and the lower strain measuring point of the other row changes in a gradient.

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