CN111446006A - Method for tracking close contact person in epidemic situation of infectious disease - Google Patents
Method for tracking close contact person in epidemic situation of infectious disease Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for tracking closely contacted persons in epidemic situation of infectious diseases. The method described in the patent is a method for digitally recording close contacts and establishing contact history based on common non-contact equipment such as Bluetooth and the like, and can draw a direct and indirect contact history relation graph of a patient to be diagnosed in a very short time, so that the epidemic situation prevention and control can be conveniently coordinated. Besides epidemic prevention and control, the invention also has a plurality of other application scenes of assisting criminals to catch and the like, and has great social significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tracking method, in particular to a tracking method for a person who is in close contact with an epidemic situation of an infectious disease.
Background
At present, the epidemic situation of the new coronary pneumonia (Covid-19) is rolled around the whole world, and as the new coronary pneumonia has a latent period and is infectious between people, a large number of patients are in excessive contact with other people before symptoms appear, and the epidemic situation is extremely difficult to control. The study found that the basic infection number R0 of the new coronary pneumonia (Covid-19) is >3.0, which means that more than three close contacts can be infected by one virus carrier. One of the most effective epidemic control methods is to trace back the past contact history of each diagnosed patient, find out and isolate the past close contacts of the patient, and block the possible secondary transmission of the infected person among the close contacts. This approach is equally applicable to epidemic control of various interpersonal infectious diseases, but finding close contacts is currently a major challenge for any government agency and country.
At present, the method for finding out close contacts mainly adopts a specially assigned person for circulation to perform vine-touching melon and silk-drawing cocoon-peeling on the contact history of a patient in a manual checking mode, and drives the lost fog to find out a possible contact path, so that the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, low in efficiency, slow in speed and easy to make mistakes. The complete contact record of each diagnosed patient's past is often very complex and difficult to trace back. Often a diagnosed patient requires several dispatchers to spend an average of 3 to 5 days to return to their 14 day exposure history. During an outbreak, most cities and countries do not have the ability to spot enough manpower to do this with the exposure history of each diagnosed patient, failing to discover and isolate all close contacts. Because backtracking and investigation take long time and have obvious time lag, some relatives fail to provide accurate information because of forgetting or mistaking, and some close contacts are likely to develop many second close contacts in the lag period, the current manpower investigation mode has no capability of tracking and investigating a second or deeper propagation path. The spread of each missing close contact or the second and further close contacts can destroy the efforts of the whole epidemic prevention system to block the spread path to control the epidemic situation. In addition, the manual checking method can only find out the clear close contact person, but can not find out the hidden close contact person. For example, a diagnosed patient a has a meal with a friend B, B can be found as a close contact quickly, but a stranger C in the neighborhood of a may be closer than B to a, which may present a greater risk of infection, however, a does not know the presence of C, nor is C itself aware of it, and thus cannot be found by existing means.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs a method for tracking closely contacted people in epidemic situation of infectious diseases.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for tracking close contacts in epidemic situation of infectious disease comprises the following steps:
firstly, each person is provided with a device capable of transmitting and receiving signals;
secondly, binding the personal information with the equipment information ID through registration;
thirdly, defining the range of intimate contact of two people;
fourthly, defining days for data storage/data backtracking;
fifthly, defining the hierarchy of the contact history needing to be tracked;
sixthly, each device needs to continuously broadcast own information to the outside and searches information sent by other devices;
seventhly, when the device of the user A scans the signal of the device of the user B, the distance between the device of the user A and the device of the user B is judged, and when the distance is judged to be within the definition range of close contact, the device information ID of the user A, the device information ID of the user B and the time information of contact occurrence are recorded and uploaded to a server in a network environment and when the network environment is needed; the user B also records the information in the same way;
when the intimacy contact history of the user A needs to be traced, calling all contact information recorded by the user A equipment in the period according to defined data traceable days, wherein the contact information comprises the occurrence time, contact objects and the like of all the occurred intimacy contacts, and restoring personal information of each intimacy contact object through the equipment information ID;
ninthly, according to the defined hierarchy of the contact history needing to be tracked, backtracking the data of each person in the direct contact person of the user A in the same way, and positioning a secondary contact person;
if necessary, repeating the steps to locate three contacts or contacts with more relevance; based on the information, the complete contact history of the user A can be established and used according to actual needs.
Preferably, in the second step, the comparison data of the personal information and the device information may be stored in a separate server or managed by a public trust authority for the purpose of protecting personal privacy and data security.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the hierarchy of the contact history is direct contact, secondary contact, tertiary contact or contact with more distant relevance.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the distance between the first and second sensors is determined by calculating the distance between the first and second sensors based on a signal strength indicator (RSSI).
Preferably, the device capable of transmitting and receiving signals in step 1 is a mobile phone with bluetooth function.
In the method, the devices of different users do not need to be connected in a Bluetooth matching way, and do not need to carry out two-way communication between any devices based on Bluetooth;
the method is a point-to-point contact recording and tracing method, and can be separated from a server under extreme conditions (such as on an airplane, on a high-speed rail, in a tunnel and the like) of no network state, low network speed, high network pressure, server pressure and the like, and recording and tracing are performed in a mode of directly judging and recording between equipment of two users;
for further personal privacy protection and data security purposes, the user does not need to register, provide personal information, bind personal information and device information and store the comparison data in a separate server or be managed instead by a trusted authority. The system can encrypt personal information such as a mobile phone number of a user or equipment IMEI and the like in a specific mode, and modify the name of the Bluetooth equipment into an encrypted field. When two users touch, the recorded encrypted fields can be read only by a government agency or other authorized personnel with a key; the method avoids a large amount of user personal information from being stored in the server in a centralized way, and improves the safety;
the method can be extended to trigger some specific functions, such as issuing information, issuing warning, exchanging data, etc., by taking two user contacts as trigger conditions. For example, in a certain epidemic situation, when the user a is a second-level close contact person, the user a can go out normally but needs to wear the mask according to the regulations, and any user who contacts the user a can be set to receive a potential risk warning to prompt the user a to pay attention to and help the user a to wear the mask according to the requirements.
The equipment in the method is not limited to various types of Bluetooth communication protocols and methods, and the working principle of the equipment can also be applied to any other non-contact sensing technologies, Wifi/Hotspot, RFID, NFC, radio with various wave band frequencies and the like;
the technical scheme of the invention can be suitable for different platforms such as mobile phones, tablet computers, mobile computers, PDAs, intelligent watches, wearable devices, intelligent tags and the like, and cross-platform use, and can also be applied to intelligent devices or intelligent tags implanted in human bodies and the like;
the server mentioned in the technical solution of the present invention may be implemented based on a block chain technology, or based on other types of distributed services, or a central server.
The technical scheme of the invention is not only limited to the tracking and management of close contacts in epidemic situations of infectious diseases, but also can be applied to, but not limited to, criminal tracking, criminal path tracing, daily friend making, marriage seeking, sports, commerce, recruitment, ice breaking in various activities and meetings, business card exchange and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for recording the close contact person and establishing the contact history by adopting the Bluetooth and other non-contact equipment in a digital mode can quickly assist government agencies and a health prevention and control system to effectively establish a positioning and isolating mechanism of the close contact person in an epidemic situation, establish the past contact history of a diagnosed patient and indirect contact persons with more relevance in a very short time and facilitate prevention and control management;
2. the invention can be used by separating from the network environment and can be used by separating from the central server;
3. the invention can be normally used without the positioning functions such as GPS and the like, thereby protecting the personal privacy to the maximum extent;
4. in the invention, the Bluetooth devices of the two users can complete the required information acquisition without establishing connection, and any information in the users or the devices does not have the risk of leakage;
5. the invention is not only used in epidemic situation, but also can be applied to the modes that criminals catch and the like need to trace and position the contact person for specific people;
6. the invention can also be applied to other functions such as information broadcasting and the like of the contacts of specific people, crowds, places and the like, for example, risk prompt and the like are issued in epidemic situations for the contacts of indirect infectors;
7. the device in the method is not limited to various types of Bluetooth communication protocols and methods, and the working principle of the device can also be applied to any other non-contact sensing technologies, Wifi/Hotspot, RFID, NFC, radio with various wave band frequencies and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by the following specific examples:
example (b): a method for tracking close contacts in epidemic situation of infectious disease comprises the following steps:
1. in the epidemic situation of the infectious disease, a system developed based on the method is installed in all resident mobile phones in a district in a certain city, and a portable micro Bluetooth beacon is issued to a user without a mobile phone after phone registration;
2. the system is set, when the distance between two residents is within the range of 2 meters, the two residents are defined to be in close contact, and the data storage span is defined to be 30 days according to the latency characteristics of the novel coronary pneumonia;
3. when the resident A installs the system in the mobile phone and completes registration through the mobile phone number, the MAC address of the mobile phone is recorded as the special identification code of the resident A during registration;
4. the system automatically turns on the Bluetooth signal of the mobile phone, and starts and maintains to scan the surrounding Bluetooth devices at the frequency of ten times per minute;
5. when the system in the resident A mobile phone scans the signal in the resident B mobile phone on a certain day, the distance between the resident A mobile phone and the resident B mobile phone is calculated through signal strength (RSSI), when the distance is judged to be within 2 meters, the MAC address of the resident B mobile phone is read, the contact time including the MAC address of the resident A, the MAC address of the resident B and the contact occurrence time is recorded, and the record is stored in the resident A mobile phone and uploaded to the central server in the presence of a network environment
6. In the contact, when the system in the resident B mobile phone scans the signal in the resident A mobile phone and performs the same operation as the step 5, the system in the resident B mobile phone can independently record the contact and store and upload corresponding information;
7. along with daily use, the system in the resident A mobile phone contains the MAC addresses and the contact time of other residents contacted by the resident A within the last 30 days, and data beyond 30 days are automatically destroyed to protect privacy;
8. the resident C does not have the smart phone, but carries the micro Bluetooth beacon issued by the city government, the resident C meets the resident A on a certain day, a system in the resident A mobile phone scans the Bluetooth beacon of the resident C, the distance between the resident C and the Bluetooth beacon is calculated to be within 2 meters through signal strength, the MAC address of the resident C Bluetooth beacon is read, and the contact is recorded and uploaded;
9. when the resident C is confirmed to be diagnosed as the novel coronary pneumonia and the urban government epidemic situation management organization receives and treats the resident C, the MAC address of the registered Bluetooth beacon of the resident C is called through the telephone number of the resident C. By inquiring the contact record of the past 30 days through the MAC address, the resident A is positioned to be in contact with the resident C in the period and is a direct close contact person, and the resident B is positioned to be in contact with the resident A in the period and is a secondary close contact person by calling the contact record of the past 30 days of the resident A.
10. The city government epidemic situation management organization finds out the telephone contact way of the residents A and B by comparing MAC addresses of the residents A and B and mobile phone numbers correspondingly provided during registration, firstly prompts that the residents A and B have infection risks in mobile phones of the residents A and B in a push way, then contacts the residents A and B through the telephone, and arranges isolation observation;
11. the city government epidemic situation management organization correspondingly isolates residents C according to disease conditions, and corresponding isolation observation decisions and method selections are made according to contact history and contact levels of the residents A and the residents B.
The method of the method stated in the patent is based on the method that the common non-contact equipment such as the bluetooth records the close contact person and establishes the contact history in a digital mode, can draw the direct and indirect contact history relation chart of the confirmed patient in a very short time, and is convenient for coordinating epidemic prevention and control. Besides epidemic prevention and control, the invention also has a plurality of other application scenes of assisting criminals to catch and the like, and has great social significance.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for tracking close contacts in epidemic situation of infectious diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, each person is provided with a device capable of transmitting and receiving signals;
secondly, binding the personal information with the equipment information ID through registration;
thirdly, defining the range of intimate contact of two people;
fourthly, defining days for data storage/data backtracking;
fifthly, defining the hierarchy of the contact history needing to be tracked;
sixthly, each device needs to continuously broadcast own information to the outside and searches information sent by other devices;
seventhly, when the device of the user A scans the signal of the device of the user B, the distance between the device of the user A and the device of the user B is judged, and when the distance is judged to be within the definition range of close contact, the device information ID of the user A, the device information ID of the user B and the time information of contact occurrence are recorded and uploaded to a server in a network environment and when the network environment is needed; the user B also records the information in the same way;
when the intimacy contact history of the user A needs to be traced, calling all contact information recorded by the user A equipment in the period according to defined data traceable days, wherein the contact information comprises the occurrence time, contact objects and the like of all the occurred intimacy contacts, and restoring personal information of each intimacy contact object through the equipment information ID;
ninthly, according to the defined hierarchy of the contact history needing to be tracked, backtracking the data of each person in the direct contact person of the user A in the same way, and positioning a secondary contact person;
if necessary, repeating the steps to locate three contacts or contacts with more relevance; based on the information, the complete contact history of the user A can be established and used according to actual needs.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the comparison data of the personal information and the device information can be stored in a separate server or managed by a public trust organization for the purpose of protecting personal privacy and data security.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the contact history is classified into direct contact, secondary contact, tertiary contact or more distant contact.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the two persons is determined by calculating the distance between the two persons based on signal strength indicator (RSSI).
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device capable of transmitting and receiving signals in step 1 is a mobile phone with bluetooth function.
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