CN111416408A - Charger and charging control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of automated machinery and equipment, in particular to the power consumption management of industrial vehicles. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a charger, comprising a plug connected to a power source and a connector connected to a battery, the connector including an output end for outputting voltage and current, the charger also It includes a main body connected between the plug and the connector, and the main body includes: a current output adjustment module for adjusting the output voltage of the charger to the battery; a voltage output adjustment module for adjusting the The output current of the charger to the battery; the alternating module is used to convert the alternating current into the direct current; the battery voltage detection module is used to detect the current voltage value of the battery in real time; the purpose of the present invention is to provide a charger and a charging control method thereof , In different states of battery performance, different charging strategies are implemented to improve the safety of electricity consumption and protect the charger and battery.

Description

A kind of charger and charging control method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of automated machinery and equipment, in particular to the power consumption management of industrial vehicles.

Background technique

Industrial vehicles refer to power-driven motor vehicles used for handling, pushing, pulling, lifting, stacking or stacking various goods. Common industrial vehicles include forklifts, side forklifts, tractors, trucks, stackers and so on.

The energy of industrial vehicles in operation is often driven by electric energy. The Chinese patent document with publication number CN200820030930.1 discloses a battery used in industrial vehicles. The battery provides electric energy for the operation of the vehicle, and the operator regularly relies on the charger to charge the battery. .

Batteries are products that are used for a long time and are recycled many times. During use, there may be unstable battery performance, changes in battery activity, or even battery damage. When the battery is in an unstable working state, the continuous charging of the charger will aggravate the damage of the battery, and even cause heating and burning, which will have a negative impact on transportation safety.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charger and a charging control method thereof, which can implement different charging strategies under different battery performance states, improve the safety of electricity consumption, and protect the charger and the storage battery.

The above technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a charger, comprising a plug connected to a power source and a connector connected to a battery, the connector comprising an output terminal for outputting voltage and current, the This kind of charger also includes a main body connected between the plug and the connector, and the main body includes:

a current output adjustment module for adjusting the output voltage of the charger to the battery;

a voltage output adjustment module for adjusting the output current of the charger to the battery;

Alternating module for converting alternating current to direct current;

The battery voltage detection module is used to detect the current voltage value of the battery in real time;

When the battery voltage detection module detects that the voltage value of the battery is in the low voltage range, the current output adjustment module adjusts the output current to a low output current, and when the battery voltage detection module detects the voltage of the battery If the value is in the high voltage range, the current output adjustment module adjusts the output current to a high output current.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the battery voltage detection module detects that the voltage values of the battery are located in the low voltage range, the medium voltage range and the high voltage range, respectively, the current output adjustment module adjusts the output current to a low output. Current, medium output current and full power charging current with highest current value.

Preferably, the present invention further includes a timing module. During charging initialization, the voltage output adjustment module outputs the output voltage of the fully charged battery, the timing module starts timing, and when the output voltage time reaches a predetermined value, the current The output detection module detects the output current value, and if the actual output current value is lower than the predetermined value at this time, the voltage output adjustment module immediately adjusts the output voltage to zero.

As a preferred option of the present invention, the connection port includes a communication terminal, and the communication terminal is used to receive data sent by the BMS system of the battery, and the main body further includes a temperature reading module, and the temperature reading module passes the communication The terminal reads the real-time temperature value of the battery sent by the BMS system, and the current output module adjusts the magnitude of the output current based on the real-time temperature value.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature is lower than the minimum operating threshold, the current output module outputs zero current, and when the temperature is between the minimum operating threshold and the low temperature setting value, the current output adjustment module outputs a low current value , when the temperature is higher than the low temperature setting value, the current output adjustment module outputs a high current value.

A charging control method for a charger, comprising the following steps:

S01, a battery determination step;

The voltage output adjustment module in the main body adjusts the output voltage to a voltage signal when the battery is fully charged, and the current output detection module detects the output current. If there is no current output, the main body immediately stops charging the battery. If there is current output, enter the next step. one step;

S02, a voltage detection detection step;

The battery voltage detection module detects the battery voltage. When the voltages are in the low voltage range and the middle voltage range, respectively, the current output adjustment module adjusts the charging current to the low output current and the middle output current. The current value of the middle output current is greater than the current value of the low output current;

S03, full power charging step;

The battery voltage detection module continues to detect the battery voltage. When the battery voltage is already in the high voltage range, the current output adjustment module adjusts the charging current to a full power output current whose current value is greater than the medium output current. current value.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S01, the timing module counts the time when the voltage output module outputs the voltage signal of the fully charged battery, and the current output detection module detects the output current only after the predetermined time is reached.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the timing process of the timing module, the predetermined time is 2 seconds to 8 seconds.

As a preference of the present invention, after S01 and before S02, there is a temperature detection step; in this step, the temperature reading module reads the real-time temperature of the battery sent by the communication terminal, and adjusts the output current according to the size of the temperature. size.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature is lower than the minimum operating threshold, the current output module outputs zero current, and when the temperature is between the minimum operating threshold and the low temperature setting value, the current output adjustment module outputs a low current value , when the temperature is higher than the low temperature setting value, the current output adjustment module outputs a high current value.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S02 and step S03, the current output detection module detects the output current in real time, and when the output current is lower than the safety threshold, the main body immediately cuts off its own charging output function.

To sum up, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The charging process of the battery by the charger includes multiple stages, and the power consumption strategy of each stage is different to protect the charging safety to the greatest extent.

2. During the charging initialization process, the state of the battery is judged by the detection of the current, so as to avoid the danger caused by the forced charging in the case of the battery failure.

3. By adjusting the size of the charging current at different temperatures and voltages of the battery to optimize the charging efficiency and take into account the safety.

4. If the battery suddenly fails during the charging process, the charger can immediately stop charging.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the hardware structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the modules of FIG. 1 .

In the picture: 4, the plug, 5, the main body, 6, the connector.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention, and it does not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications without creative contribution to the present embodiment as required after reading this specification, but as long as the rights of the present invention are used All claims are protected by patent law.

Embodiment 1, a charger, as shown in Figure 1, includes three parts, the plug 4 is used to connect the power supply, the main body 5 is the main part, each electrical appliance is installed in the inner cavity of the main body 5, and the connector 6 is used for connected to the vehicle's battery (not shown). In this embodiment, the connector 6 is a three-core plug-in, in which the No. 1 pin and No. 2 pin are the output ends of the charger, which are used to output the voltage and current during charging. At the same time, the detection of the voltage and current is also performed by means of the No. 1 pin. and foot 2 to complete. The No. 3 pin in the picture is the one-line communication, which accepts the communication signal from the battery BMS. BMS is the abbreviation of battery management system (BATTERYMANAGEMENT SYSTEM).

As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the logic of each module of the charger. It should be noted that each functional module is realized by each digital circuit in practical application. For example, the alternating current module in Figure 2, its function is to convert alternating current into direct current that the battery can accept. It relies on mature alternating circuits to achieve. The composition of the specific digital circuit, the connection and arrangement of various electronic components are the content of the prior art, and are not the creative part of this article. Those skilled in the art can realize it by relying on the textual explanation of this embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this article.

In this embodiment, the charging process is divided into four stages, which are the first stage: the battery state detection stage, the second stage: the temperature detection control charging stage, the third stage: the voltage detection control stage, and the fourth stage is full power The charging stage is described in detail below.

In the first stage, the battery state detection stage, the voltage output adjustment module in the main body adjusts the output voltage to a voltage signal that the battery is fully charged for a period of time. It should be noted that the type of battery matched with a charging cable is often fixed. For example, a charging cable can only match a battery with a 48V specification, which is often not applicable to batteries with other voltage specifications. This embodiment takes a 48V battery as an example.

In this stage, the value corresponding to the voltage signal of the fully charged battery is 54.6V, that is, the voltage output adjustment module adjusts the output voltage to 54.6V in this stage for a predetermined time. The predetermined time is generally 2-8 seconds, and in this embodiment, it is set to 5 seconds. After the timing module has timed for 5 seconds, the current detection module will detect the current at the output terminal. If there is no current output at this time, it proves that the battery is damaged and cannot be charged, and the charger will immediately cut off the charging function. If the charger has current output, it means that the battery is in normal condition, and the charger enters the next charging stage.

It should be noted here that the output of the charging voltage and current and the detection of the voltage and current are completed with the help of pins 1 and 2 in FIG. 1 .

In the next stage, the second stage, the temperature detection controls the charging stage. In this stage, the battery BMS system sends the battery internal ambient temperature parameter, and the main body performs corresponding actions according to the parameter. Specifically, the temperature parameter is sent to the temperature reading module through the communication terminal in FIG. 2 , that is, pin No. 3 in FIG. 1 . When the temperature is less than -5°C, the charger does not work, and the display module is an indicator light, which is green. When the temperature is ≥-5℃, ≤0℃, the charger enters the working state of low current, the charging current is not more than 0.3A, and it checks whether the temperature is >0℃ every 5 minutes. If the temperature does not rise to >0°C, continue charging with a small current until the temperature rises to >0°C. When the temperature is greater than 0°C, the charger enters the next stage of work.

This is because, many batteries, because of the material, their working state and safety are related to temperature. For example, in a lithium battery, the activity of its lithium electrons is reduced in a low temperature environment. If the temperature is too low, a large current is used for charging, which will cause a series of safety problems.

When the temperature is higher than the specified temperature, such as >0°C as mentioned above, the charging process enters the third stage, the voltage detection and control stage.

In this stage, the battery voltage detection module detects the voltage in the output terminal, which is the voltage of the battery. The same is done with pins 1 and 2. The charger detects the battery voltage. When the voltage is > 0V and < 23V, the charger switches to the ultra-low voltage small current constant current charging mode, and the current output adjustment module controls the charging current in a fine and small size, and the charging current is not greater than 0.3A.

When it is detected that the voltage rises to ≥23V and <33V, the charger switches to the low-voltage, small-current constant-current charging mode, and the charging current at this time is not more than 2A.

When it is detected or the voltage rises to ≥33V, it will enter the fourth stage, that is, the full strategy charging stage, that is, it will enter the normal charging mode, and work with the rated charging current until the battery is fully charged.

In addition, in the process of the second, third and fourth stages mentioned above, the current output detection module will detect the charging current in real time. If the charging current is suddenly lower than the set safety threshold, such as zero, It is very likely that there is some kind of fault in the battery, and the voltage output adjustment module immediately adjusts the voltage to zero, that is, the charger immediately cuts off its own charging output function to protect various components and improve safety.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a charger, contains plug (4) of being connected with the power and connector (6) of being connected with the battery, contain the output that is used for the output voltage electric current on connector (6), its characterized in that: this kind of charger still contains and is connected main part (5) between plug (4) and connector (6), main part (5) contain: the current output adjusting module is used for adjusting the output voltage of the charger to the storage battery; the voltage output adjusting module is used for adjusting the output current of the charger to the storage battery; the alternating module is used for converting alternating current into direct current; the battery voltage detection module is used for detecting the current voltage value of the storage battery in real time; when the battery voltage detection module detects that the voltage value of the storage battery is in a low voltage interval, the current output adjustment module adjusts the output current to be low output current, and when the battery voltage detection module detects that the voltage value of the storage battery is in a high voltage interval, the current output adjustment module adjusts the output current to be high output current.

2. A charger according to claim 1, wherein: when the battery voltage detection module detects that the voltage value of the storage battery is respectively located in a low voltage interval, a medium voltage interval and a high voltage interval, the current output adjustment module adjusts the output current to be the low output current, the medium output current and the full-power charging current with the highest current value.

3. A charger according to claim 1, wherein: the charging device further comprises a timing module, wherein during the charging initialization period, the voltage output adjusting module outputs the output voltage of the full battery, the timing module starts timing, when the time of the output voltage reaches a preset value, the current output detecting module detects the output current value, and if the actually output current value is lower than the preset value, the voltage output adjusting module immediately adjusts the output voltage to zero.

4. A charger according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting port (6) comprises a communication end, the communication end is used for receiving data sent by a BMS system of the storage battery, the main body (5) further comprises a temperature reading module, the temperature reading module reads a real-time temperature value of the storage battery sent by the BMS system through the communication end, and the current output module adjusts the size of output current based on the real-time temperature value.

5. A charger according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the temperature is lower than the lowest working threshold, the output current of the current output module is zero, when the temperature is between the lowest working threshold and the low-temperature set value, the output current of the current output adjusting module is low, and when the temperature is higher than the low-temperature set value, the output current of the current output adjusting module is high.

6. The charging control method of a charger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: s01, a battery judgment step; a voltage output adjusting module in the main body adjusts the output voltage into a voltage signal of full charge of the battery, a current output detecting module detects the output current, if no current is output, the main body immediately stops charging the storage battery, and if current is output, the next step is carried out; s02, voltage detection; the battery voltage detection module detects the voltage of the storage battery, and when the voltage is respectively positioned in a low voltage interval and a middle voltage interval, the current output adjustment module respectively adjusts the charging current into a low output current and a middle output current, wherein the current value of the middle output current is larger than that of the low output current; s03, a full-power charging step; the battery voltage detection module continues to detect the voltage of the storage battery, and when the voltage of the storage battery is located in a high voltage interval, the current output adjustment module adjusts the charging current into a full-power output current, wherein the current value of the full-power output current is larger than that of the medium output current.

7. The charging control method of a charger according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step S01, the timing module times the voltage output module outputs the voltage signal indicating that the battery is fully charged, and the current output detection module detects the output current only after a predetermined time.

8. The charging control method of a charger according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the timing process of the timing module, the preset time is 2-8 seconds.

9. The charging control method of a charger according to claim 6, characterized in that: after S01, before S02, there is also a temperature detection step; in the step, the temperature reading module reads the real-time temperature of the storage battery sent by the communication terminal, and adjusts the output current according to the temperature.

10. The charging control method of a charger according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the temperature is lower than the lowest working threshold, the output current of the current output module is zero, when the temperature is between the lowest working threshold and the low-temperature set value, the output current of the current output adjusting module is low, and when the temperature is higher than the low-temperature set value, the output current of the current output adjusting module is high.

11. The charging control method of a charger according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the steps S02 and S03, the current output detection module detects the output current in real time, and when the output current is lower than the safety threshold, the main body immediately cuts off the charging output function of the main body.

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