CN111307404A - Test device and test method for internal flow field of jet fan - Google Patents
Test device and test method for internal flow field of jet fan Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及隧道通风设备技术领域,特别涉及一种射流风机内部流场测试装置及测试方法。The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation equipment, in particular to a test device and a test method for the internal flow field of a jet fan.
背景技术Background technique
射流风机主要用于城市公路隧道及地下隧道,其功能在于弥补自然通风及交通风的不足,进而保证隧道内正常的通风换气、排出隧道内污染物质,以及隧道发生火灾时的通风降温及消防排烟等。Jet fans are mainly used in urban highway tunnels and underground tunnels. Their function is to make up for the lack of natural ventilation and traffic wind, so as to ensure normal ventilation in the tunnel, discharge of pollutants in the tunnel, and ventilation and cooling in the event of a fire in the tunnel. Smoke exhaust etc.
随着隧道规模的不断扩大,通风耗能持续增加,加大了隧道运营成本。为降低隧道通风能耗,授权公告号CN205805881U公开一种隧道长距离变频通风系统,包括抑制高次谐波和杂波的变频器,变频器的前端连接用于通风的射流风机,授权公告号CN206723081U公开一种气动隧道射流风机。With the continuous expansion of the tunnel scale, the ventilation energy consumption continues to increase, which increases the tunnel operation cost. In order to reduce the energy consumption of tunnel ventilation, authorized announcement number CN205805881U discloses a long-distance variable frequency ventilation system for tunnels, including a frequency converter for suppressing high-order harmonics and clutter, and the front end of the frequency converter is connected to a jet fan for ventilation, authorized announcement number CN206723081U A pneumatic tunnel jet fan is disclosed.
然而,现有技术用于测量射流风机速度的方法仍停留在使用皮托管,如授权公告号CN209640374U公开一种皮托管流速仪的检定装置,或者使用风速仪等仪器的阶段,如公开号CN108469283A公开基于热线风速感测原理的轴流风机流量测量装置及方法,并且不能精确描述射流风机内部流场的特性。现有实验方法(皮托管和热线风速仪)难以对射流风机的内部流场进行精准测试,更不能有效描述气体的流动轨迹。However, the method for measuring the speed of the jet fan in the prior art still remains at the stage of using a pitot tube, for example, the authorization announcement number CN209640374U discloses a verification device for a pitot tube flowmeter, or the stage of using an instrument such as an anemometer, as disclosed in the publication number CN108469283A The device and method for measuring the flow of an axial flow fan based on the principle of hot-wire wind speed sensing cannot accurately describe the characteristics of the internal flow field of the jet fan. Existing experimental methods (Pitot tube and hot-wire anemometer) are difficult to accurately test the internal flow field of the jet fan, let alone effectively describe the flow trajectory of the gas.
有鉴于此,为了提高隧道射流风机特性测量的精准度,本发明提出一种射流风机内部流场测试装置及测试方法。In view of this, in order to improve the accuracy of the characteristic measurement of the tunnel jet fan, the present invention proposes a test device and a test method for the internal flow field of the jet fan.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术中的技术问题之一。为此,本发明的目的在于提出一种射流风机内部流场测试装置及测试方法,以提高射流风机内部流场特性测量的精准度。The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the above technologies at least to a certain extent. Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and test method for the internal flow field of the jet fan, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurement of the characteristics of the internal flow field of the jet fan.
为达到上述目的,本发明第一实施例提出了一种射流风机内部流场测试装置,包括供气系统、气体涡街流量计、压力变送器、温度传感器、数字显示仪、数据处理系统、粒子发生器、激光器及摄像仪;In order to achieve the above purpose, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes an internal flow field testing device of a jet fan, including an air supply system, a gas vortex flowmeter, a pressure transmitter, a temperature sensor, a digital display, a data processing system, Particle generators, lasers and cameras;
供气系统为射流风机内部流场提供压力环境;The air supply system provides a pressure environment for the internal flow field of the jet fan;
气体涡街流量计、压力变送器、温度传感器,分别设置在供气系统的输出端与射流风机的输入端之间,对应测量气体的体积流量、射流风机的启动压力、气体的初始温度;The gas vortex flowmeter, pressure transmitter and temperature sensor are respectively arranged between the output end of the gas supply system and the input end of the jet fan, corresponding to the volume flow of the measured gas, the starting pressure of the jet fan, and the initial temperature of the gas;
数字显示仪设置在供气系统的输出端与射流风机的输入端之间,接收气体涡街流量计测量的气体体积流量、压力变送器测量的射流风机启动压力、温度传感器测量的气体初始温度,并与传感器连接;The digital display is set between the output end of the gas supply system and the input end of the jet fan, and receives the gas volume flow measured by the gas vortex flowmeter, the starting pressure of the jet fan measured by the pressure transmitter, and the initial temperature of the gas measured by the temperature sensor. , and connect with the sensor;
数据处理系统与传感器连接,接收传感器传输的气体体积流量、启动压力、气体初始温度数据;数据处理系统与传感器之间设置第一脉冲计数器,记录射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统;The data processing system is connected with the sensor, and receives the data of gas volume flow, starting pressure, and initial gas temperature transmitted by the sensor; a first pulse counter is set between the data processing system and the sensor to record the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of gas, and the initial temperature. The vector displacement of , and sent to the data processing system;
粒子发生器发射示踪粒子至射流风机内;粒子发生器设置为两台,两台粒子发生器根据供气系统输送的两种不同密度气体发射相应示踪粒子至射流风机内;The particle generator emits tracer particles into the jet fan; the particle generators are set to two, and the two particle generators emit corresponding tracer particles into the jet fan according to the two different densities conveyed by the gas supply system;
激光器发射片光源至射流风机内;The laser light source is sent to the jet fan;
摄像仪追踪示踪粒子的流动轨迹,并经过第二脉冲计数器记录示踪粒子的矢量位移,第二脉冲计数器传输数据至数据处理系统,数据处理系统根据射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机的性能测试。The camera tracks the flow trajectory of the tracer particles, and records the vector displacement of the tracer particles through the second pulse counter. The second pulse counter transmits data to the data processing system, and the data processing system The vector displacement of the initial temperature and the vector displacement of the tracer particles are processed by image processing and numerical calculation to realize the performance test of the jet fan.
根据本发明实施例的一种射流风机内部流场测试装置,气体涡街流量计、压力变送器、温度传感器对应测量气体的体积流量、射流风机的启动压力、气体的初始温度,第一脉冲计数器记录射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统;同时,第二脉冲计数器记录示踪粒子的矢量位移并传输数据至数据处理系统;数据处理系统根据射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机的性能测试,从而提高射流风机内部流场特性测量的精准度。According to an internal flow field testing device of a jet fan according to an embodiment of the present invention, a gas vortex flowmeter, a pressure transmitter, and a temperature sensor measure the volume flow of the gas, the starting pressure of the jet fan, the initial temperature of the gas, and the first pulse The counter records the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of the gas, and the vector displacement of the initial temperature, and sends them to the data processing system; at the same time, the second pulse counter records the vector displacement of the tracer particles and transmits the data to the data processing system; the data processing system According to the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of the gas, the vector displacement of the initial temperature, and the vector displacement of the tracer particles, image processing and numerical calculation processing are performed to realize the performance test of the jet fan, thereby improving the measurement of the internal flow field characteristics of the jet fan accuracy.
另外,根据本发明上述实施例提出的一种射流风机内部流场测试装置,还可以具有如下附加的技术特征:In addition, the device for testing the internal flow field of a jet fan according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
进一步,激光器设置为两台,两台激光器分别从不同角度发射片光源入射至中,扫射射流风机内示踪粒子流动的整个二维平面。Further, two lasers are arranged, and the two lasers respectively emit light sources from different angles into the center, and scan the entire two-dimensional plane of the tracer particle flow in the jet fan.
进一步,每台激光器发射片光源分别经棱镜后扫射射流风机内示踪粒子流动的整个二维平面。Further, each laser emitting sheet light source passes through a prism and scans the entire two-dimensional plane of the tracer particle flow in the jet fan.
进一步,射流风机外壁材质为树脂玻璃。Further, the material of the outer wall of the jet fan is resin glass.
进一步,摄像仪设有滤镜。Further, the camera is provided with a filter.
进一步,供气系统包括依次串联连接的空气压缩机、高压储气罐、截流阀、压力表、缓冲气罐及干燥器,干燥器连接气体涡街流量计,高压储气罐及缓冲气罐分别连接安全阀,压力表与缓冲气罐之间的连接管道上并联连接泄压阀。Further, the gas supply system includes an air compressor, a high-pressure gas storage tank, a shut-off valve, a pressure gauge, a buffer gas tank and a dryer connected in series in sequence, the dryer is connected to a gas vortex flowmeter, and the high-pressure gas storage tank and the buffer gas tank are respectively Connect the safety valve, and connect the pressure relief valve in parallel on the connecting pipeline between the pressure gauge and the buffer gas tank.
进一步,供气系统输送的气体压力为0-0.7MPa。Further, the gas pressure delivered by the gas supply system is 0-0.7MPa.
为达到上述目的,本发明第二实施例提出了一种射流风机内部流场测试方法,包括以下步骤:In order to achieve the above purpose, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for testing the internal flow field of a jet fan, which includes the following steps:
一,检查测试装置气密性并进行安全性能测试;1. Check the air tightness of the test device and conduct safety performance tests;
二,运行供气系统为射流风机内部流场提供压力环境;Second, the operation of the air supply system provides a pressure environment for the internal flow field of the jet fan;
三,开启射流风机,调整供气系统确保射流风机正常启动,压力变送器实时记录启动压力、温度传感器实时记录初始温度、气体涡街流量计实时记录气体体积流量,保证射流风机正常使用;3. Turn on the jet fan, adjust the air supply system to ensure the normal start of the jet fan, the pressure transmitter records the starting pressure in real time, the temperature sensor records the initial temperature in real time, and the gas vortex flowmeter records the gas volume flow in real time to ensure the normal use of the jet fan;
四,开启数字显示仪,通过传感器将上述启动压力、初始温度、气体体积流量数据传输至数据处理系统;Fourth, turn on the digital display instrument, and transmit the above-mentioned starting pressure, initial temperature, and gas volume flow data to the data processing system through the sensor;
五,开启两台粒子发生器,根据供气系统输送的两种不同密度气体输入相应的示踪粒子至射流风机;5. Turn on two particle generators, and input the corresponding tracer particles to the jet fan according to the two different density gases delivered by the gas supply system;
六,开启两台激光器,调试棱镜角度,以使激光器发射的片光源可以扫射射流风机待测区域的整个二维平面;Sixth, turn on the two lasers and adjust the prism angle, so that the sheet light source emitted by the laser can scan the entire two-dimensional plane of the area to be measured by the jet fan;
七,开启带有滤镜的摄像仪,实时记录示踪粒子的流动轨迹;7. Turn on the camera with filter to record the flow trajectory of the tracer particles in real time;
八,开启第一脉冲计数器记录射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,同时开启第二脉冲计数器记录示踪粒子的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统;Eighth, turn on the first pulse counter to record the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of the gas, and the vector displacement of the initial temperature, and at the same time turn on the second pulse counter to record the vector displacement of the tracer particles, and send them to the data processing system;
九,数据处理系统根据射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机的性能测试。Nine, the data processing system performs image processing and numerical calculation processing according to the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of the gas, the vector displacement of the initial temperature, and the vector displacement of the tracer particles, so as to realize the performance test of the jet fan.
根据本发明实施例的一种射流风机内部流场测试方法,第一脉冲计数器记录射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统;同时,第二脉冲计数器记录示踪粒子的矢量位移并传输数据至数据处理系统;数据处理系统根据射流风机的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机的性能测试,从而提高射流风机内部流场特性测量的精准度。According to a method for testing the internal flow field of a jet fan according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first pulse counter records the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of the gas, and the vector displacement of the initial temperature, and sends them to the data processing system; at the same time, the second pulse The counter records the vector displacement of the tracer particles and transmits the data to the data processing system; the data processing system performs image processing and numerical value according to the starting pressure of the jet fan, the volume flow of the gas, the vector displacement of the initial temperature, and the vector displacement of the tracer particles Computational processing to realize the performance test of the jet fan, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement of the internal flow field characteristics of the jet fan.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为根据本发明实施例的射流风机内部流场测试装置的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal flow field testing device for a jet fan according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为根据本发明实施例的射流风机的结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of a jet fan according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为根据本发明实施例的数据处理系统的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
标号说明Label description
供气系统1 空气压缩机11Air supply system 1
高压储气罐12 截流阀13High-
压力表14 缓冲气罐15
干燥器16 安全阀17
泄压阀18 气体涡街流量计2
压力变送器3 温度传感器4
数字显示仪5 数据处理系统6
转化器61 粒子发生器7Transformer 61
激光器8 摄像仪9
滤镜91 射流风机10Filter 91 Jet Fan 10
传感器20 第一脉冲计数器30
示踪粒子40 第二脉冲计数器50
管道60 棱镜70。
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
如图1至图3所示,本发明实施例的一种射流风机内部流场测试装置,包括供气系统1、气体涡街流量计2、压力变送器3、温度传感器4、数字显示仪5、数据处理系统6、粒子发生器7、激光器8及摄像仪9;供气系统1为射流风机10内部流场提供压力环境,如通过供气系统1可为射流风机10提供持续稳定的高压环境,以保证射流风机10正常启动,并造成中轴附近形成低压甚至负压区域,从而诱导大量周围环境气体进入射流风机10。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, an internal flow field testing device of a jet fan according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an air supply system 1, a
气体涡街流量计2、压力变送器3、温度传感器4,分别设置在供气系统1的输出端与射流风机10的输入端之间,对应测量气体的体积流量、射流风机10的启动压力、气体的初始温度;数字显示仪5设置在供气系统1的输出端与射流风机10的输入端之间,接收气体涡街流量计2测量的气体体积流量、压力变送器3测量的射流风机10启动压力、温度传感器4测量的气体初始温度,并与传感器20连接。其中,温度传感器4可以为数字式温度传感器。The
数据处理系统6与传感器20连接,接收传感器20传输的气体体积流量、启动压力、气体初始温度数据,其中,数据处理系统6可连接有转化器61以方便数据导入数据处理系统6;数据处理系统6与传感器20之间设置第一脉冲计数器30,记录射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统6;粒子发生器7发射示踪粒子40至射流风机10内;粒子发生器7设置为两台,两台粒子发生器7根据供气系统1输送的两种不同密度气体发射相应示踪粒子40至射流风机10内,其中,粒子发生器7可以为加压式雾化粒子发生器7;激光器8发射片光源至射流风机10内。The
摄像仪9追踪示踪粒子40的流动轨迹,摄像仪9可以为高清摄像仪9,并经过第二脉冲计数器50记录示踪粒子40的矢量位移,第二脉冲计数器50传输数据至数据处理系统6,数据处理系统6根据射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子40的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机10的性能测试。The
数据处理系统6的图像处理程序用于读取高清摄像仪9拍摄的示踪粒子40流动轨迹,进而获取两种流体的矢量位移、平均速度、体积流量等参数。同时通过测试系统获取的主流气体的体积流量,实时计算射流风机10的性能。其具体计算方式如下:The image processing program of the
其中LΔt为Δt时刻示踪粒子40的位置,L为示踪粒子40的初始位置,Ux为示踪粒子40在x方向的分速度,Uy为示踪粒子40在y方向的分速度,V为高压气体的体积流量,G1为高压气体的质量流量,G2为低压气体的质量流量,G总为两种流体的总质量流量,ε表征射流风机10的性能。where L Δt is the position of the
气体涡街流量计2、压力变送器3、温度传感器4对应测量气体的体积流量、射流风机10的启动压力、气体的初始温度,第一脉冲计数器30记录射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统6;同时,第二脉冲计数器50记录示踪粒子40的矢量位移并传输数据至数据处理系统6;数据处理系统6根据射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子40的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机10的性能测试,从而提高射流风机10内部流场特性测量的精准度。本发明通过测试系统有效测试射流风机10的启动压力、初始温度、示踪粒子40矢量位移、脉冲时间、高压气体体积流量参数;通过数据处理系统6,精确处理射流风机10内部流场特性。The
本发明可以测量的速度范围为0至1000m/s,并且可以使用示踪粒子40模拟气体的流动规律,实现气体在压力干扰条件下流动可视化,同时可以获取各种主流高压气体条件下,启动压力、高压气流风速、初始温度、体积流量以及引射气流风速参数。通过本发明可以对不同高压气体启动压力为(0-0.7MPa)及不同气体组分等实验条件下两种不同密度气体的流动、混合及扩散的整个过程进行定量测试与分析。The velocity range that can be measured by the present invention is 0 to 1000 m/s, and the
射流风机10启动时,高压气体通过管道60进入射流风机10待测区域,其中,管道60可以为耐高温管道,局部速度达到超音速状态。本发明提出了不同启动压力(0-0.7MPa)、不同密度气体、不同初始温度环境条件下两种气体在射流风机10内的流动、混合及扩散整个物理过程的测试方法,对不同条件下气体流动过程中启动压力、初始温度、主流高压气体体积流量、示踪粒子40矢量位移及脉冲时间等参数进行测试,实现超音速射流风机10内部流场特性的可视化。When the
在一些示例中,激光器8设置为两台,两台激光器8分别从不同角度发射片光源入射至中,扫射射流风机10内示踪粒子40流动的整个二维平面。每台激光器8发射片光源分别经棱镜70后扫射射流风机10内示踪粒子40流动的整个二维平面。In some examples, two
在一些示例中,射流风机10外壁材质为树脂玻璃。摄像仪9设有滤镜91。In some examples, the material of the outer wall of the
在一些示例中,供气系统1输送的气体压力可以为0-0.7MPa。供气系统1包括依次串联连接的空气压缩机11、高压储气罐12、截流阀13、压力表14、缓冲气罐15及干燥器16,干燥器16连接气体涡街流量计2,高压储气罐12及缓冲气罐15分别连接安全阀17,压力表14与缓冲气罐15之间的连接管道上并联连接泄压阀18。其中,空气压缩机11将气体有效压缩至高压状态,通过高压储气罐12将高压气体储存,经安全阀17进行开启,通过截流阀13防止过量的高压气体突然涌进待测区域,压力表14实时记录供气管道内的压力,泄压阀18排出过量的高压气体,缓冲气罐15将高压气体得到一定的缓冲,干燥器16使高压气体带有的水分吸收,从而实现稳定持续的高压环境。In some examples, the gas pressure delivered by the gas supply system 1 may be 0-0.7 MPa. The air supply system 1 includes an
本发明通过利用高压集气罐12、截流阀13、压力表14、缓冲气罐15、干燥器16、安全阀17及泄压阀18,有效控制射流风机10的启动压力,配合加压雾化式粒子发生器7有效控制示踪粒子40的体积流量。The present invention effectively controls the starting pressure of the
如图1至图3所示,本发明还提出了一种射流风机内部流场测试方法,包括以下步骤:As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention also proposes a method for testing the internal flow field of a jet fan, comprising the following steps:
一,检查测试装置气密性并进行安全性能测试。First, check the air tightness of the test device and conduct safety performance tests.
二,运行供气系统1为射流风机10内部流场提供压力环境。Second, run the air supply system 1 to provide a pressure environment for the internal flow field of the
三,开启射流风机10,调整供气系统1确保射流风机10正常启动,压力变送器3实时记录启动压力、温度传感器4实时记录初始温度、气体涡街流量计2实时记录气体体积流量,保证射流风机10正常使用。3. Turn on the
四,开启数字显示仪5,通过传感器20将上述启动压力、初始温度、气体体积流量数据传输至数据处理系统6。Fourth, the
五,开启两台粒子发生器7,根据供气系统1输送的两种不同密度气体输入相应的示踪粒子40至射流风机10。Fifth, turn on the two
六,开启两台激光器8,调试棱镜70角度,以使激光器8发射的片光源可以扫射射流风机10待测区域的整个二维平面。Sixth, turn on the two
七,开启带有滤镜91的摄像仪9,实时记录示踪粒子40的流动轨迹。Seventh, the
八,开启第一脉冲计数器30记录射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,同时开启第二脉冲计数器50记录示踪粒子40的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统6。Eighth, open the
九,数据处理系统6根据射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子40的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机10的性能测试。Nine, the
第一脉冲计数器30记录射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移,并输送至数据处理系统6;同时,第二脉冲计数器50记录示踪粒子40的矢量位移并传输数据至数据处理系统6;数据处理系统6根据射流风机10的启动压力、气体的体积流量、初始温度的矢量位移、以及示踪粒子10的矢量位移,进行图像处理及数值计算处理,实现射流风机10的性能测试,从而提高射流风机10内部流场特性测量的精准度。The
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. The relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore It should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触,也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the first and second features in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Not directly but through additional features between them. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature is "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不应理解为必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.
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| CN118275304B (en) * | 2024-06-04 | 2024-08-20 | 青岛理工大学 | Battery thermal runaway simulation system and method |
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