CN111306830A - A Jet Organic Rankine Flash Evaporation Cogeneration System - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an injection organic Rankine flash evaporation combined cooling and power system which comprises a gas-liquid separator, a high-pressure expander, a low-pressure expander, a generator, a pressure reducing valve, a flash tank, a steam extraction regulating valve, a refrigeration ejector, an injection heat regenerator, a condenser, a low-pressure working medium pump, a high-pressure working medium pump, a generator, an evaporator and a throttle valve, wherein the high-pressure expander is connected with the generator through the steam extraction regulating valve; the low-grade heat energy is connected with the generator to heat the circulating working medium in the generator; the high-pressure expander, the low-pressure expander and the generator are coaxially connected to drive the generator to generate electricity; the circulating working medium is evaporated in the evaporator to absorb heat, and cold energy is obtained. The organic Rankine flash evaporation system, the jet regenerative system and the jet refrigeration system are coupled, so that the power consumption of the working medium pump is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the organic Rankine flash evaporation system has the advantages of simple structure, obvious energy-saving effect, convenience in control and the like.

Description

A Jet Organic Rankine Flash Evaporation Cogeneration System

technical field

The invention relates to a low-grade thermal energy utilization technology, in particular to a jet organic Rankine flash evaporation combined cooling and power supply system.

Background technique

There are many kinds of medium and low temperature heat sources in my country, the total amount is huge, and the distribution is wide, mainly including two categories, one is the medium and low temperature renewable energy existing in nature, mainly including solar energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, etc., and the second is the industrial production process. Exhaust heat, waste heat, etc. But there is a general problem of lower energy grades. The development of high-efficiency recycling technology for low-grade thermal energy can greatly improve my country's energy utilization efficiency, reduce fossil energy consumption, and achieve sustainable social and economic development in my country.

In the development process of energy utilization technology, the energy power system has gradually developed from a single cycle system to a total energy system combined with multiple thermodynamic cycles, focusing on the organic coupling of different forms of thermodynamic cycles, based on thermal energy grade "temperature counterpart, cascade utilization" "The principle of constructing a combined cycle. The combined cooling and power system is a total energy system that is distributed on the user side with both power generation and cooling. It is a very important and effective means to improve energy utilization. It can not only meet the multiple energy sources in daily life and industrial production. It can also achieve efficient energy conversion, comprehensive cascade utilization and energy saving. In recent years, due to the shortage of energy and the continuous increase of cooling energy consumption, the combined cooling and power system has received more and more attention. According to statistics, in the current global total energy consumption structure, building energy consumption accounts for about 20-50% of the total energy consumption, of which the air-conditioning system energy consumption accounts for 50-70% of the building energy consumption. The energy consumption of air-conditioning systems will continue to increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to recover and utilize low-grade heat energy and various energy demand outputs, the present invention provides a jet organic Rankine flash evaporation combined cooling and power supply system, which utilizes low-grade heat energy, including industrial waste heat, solar energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, etc. The coupling of organic Rankine flash evaporation system, jet regenerative system and jet refrigeration system reduces the power consumption of the working fluid pump and improves the energy utilization efficiency. It has the advantages of simple structure, remarkable energy saving effect and convenient control.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is:

A jet organic Rankine flash evaporation combined cooling and electricity system, comprising a gas-liquid separator, a high-pressure expander, a low-pressure expander, a generator, a pressure reducing valve, a flash tank, a steam extraction regulating valve, a refrigeration ejector, a jet return Heater, condenser, low pressure working fluid pump, high pressure working fluid pump, generator, evaporator and throttle valve;

The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the steam inlet of the high-pressure expander, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the flash tank through the pressure reducing valve, and the gas outlet of the flash tank is connected with the steam inlet of the low-pressure expander. The liquid outlet of the flash tank is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator through the high-pressure working fluid pump and the generator in turn;

The exhaust gas outlet of the high-pressure expander and the low-pressure expander is connected to the working fluid inlet of the refrigeration ejector at the same time, and the outlet of the refrigeration ejector is connected to the ejection fluid inlet of the injection regenerator through the condenser. Two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator through the low-pressure working fluid pump and generator in turn, the other path is connected to the ejection fluid inlet of the refrigeration ejector through the throttle valve and the evaporator in turn, and the suction port of the high-pressure expander is connected through The steam extraction regulating valve is connected with the working fluid inlet of the jet regenerator;

The low-grade heat energy is connected to the generator to heat the circulating working fluid in the generator; the high-pressure expander, low-pressure expander, and generator are connected coaxially to drive the generator to generate electricity; the circulating working fluid evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator to obtain cold energy .

In the combined cooling and power supply system of the present invention, the circulating working medium is heated into a gas-liquid two-phase state in the generator, and then enters the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, wherein the gas-phase working medium enters the high-pressure expander to expand and perform work, driving power generation. The liquid-phase working medium enters the flash tank through the pressure reducing valve to flash, and the flashed gas-phase working medium enters the low-pressure expander to expand and do work, which drives the generator to generate electricity. The exhausted circulating working medium vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure expander and the low-pressure expander forms a high-speed airflow in the refrigeration ejector, and the low-pressure circulating working fluid vapor in the evaporator is sucked into the refrigeration ejector and mixed with it. The evaporation of the circulating working medium in the device produces a refrigeration effect.

As an improvement of the present invention, a preheater is also included, which is adjacent to the downstream of the generator, and the low-grade heat energy from the generator enters the preheater to preheat the circulating working medium in the preheater. The setting of the preheater can further improve the utilization efficiency of low-grade thermal energy.

As an improvement of the present invention, it also includes a regenerator, one side of which is connected between the refrigeration ejector and the condenser, and the other side is connected between the low-pressure working fluid pump and the preheater. The regenerator is used to recover the heat of the circulating working medium at the outlet of the refrigeration ejector, reduce the heat load of the condenser, and improve the heat utilization efficiency.

As an improvement of the present invention, the circulating working medium at the outlet of the generator is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, and the dryness can be adjusted by the characteristics of low-grade thermal energy and the load characteristics of cold electricity.

As an improvement of the present invention, the refrigeration power of the evaporator is controlled according to the circulating working medium pressure at the exhaust gas outlet of the high-pressure expander and the low-pressure expander and the opening of the steam extraction regulating valve.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The circulating working medium at the outlet of the generator is in a two-phase state, which makes the system have a relatively high evaporation temperature. The organic working medium is first separated and then flashed to achieve full recovery and utilization of low-grade heat energy.

(2) The exhausted circulating working medium steam at the outlet of the high pressure expander and the low pressure expander is used to drive the circulating working medium jet refrigeration system to realize the combined supply of power generation and refrigeration, and improve the utilization efficiency of the system.

(3) The injection regenerator acts as both an ejector and a regenerator. Due to the shock wave phenomenon of the circulating working medium in the ejector, the purpose of efficient heat exchange and pressurization is achieved, the power consumption of the working fluid pump is reduced, and the The cavitation problem of the circulating working fluid at the inlet of the working fluid pump; it can also be used as a regenerator to recover the heat of the expansion machine pumping, and improve the system efficiency and technical economy.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the jet organic Rankine flash cogeneration system of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-gas-liquid separator; 2-high pressure expander; 3-low pressure expander; 4-generator; 5-pressure reducing valve; 6-flashing tank; 7-extraction regulating valve; 8- Refrigeration ejector; 9-jet regenerator; 10-condenser; 11-low pressure working fluid pump; 12-regenerator; 13-high pressure working fluid pump; 14-preheater; 15-generator; 16-evaporation ; 17-throttle valve.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a jet organic Rankine flash evaporation combined cooling and power supply system in this embodiment includes a gas-liquid separator 1, a high-pressure expander 2, a low-pressure expander 3, a generator 4, a pressure reducing valve 5, Flash tank 6, steam extraction regulating valve 7, refrigeration ejector 8, injection regenerator 9, condenser 10, low pressure working fluid pump 11, regenerator 12, high pressure working fluid pump 13, preheater 14, generator 15. Evaporator 16, throttle valve 17 and matching connecting pipes.

The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 1 is connected to the steam inlet of the high-pressure expander 2, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 1 is connected to the inlet of the flash tank 6 through the pressure reducing valve 5, and the gas outlet of the flash tank 6 is connected to the low-pressure expansion tank. The steam inlet of the machine 3 is connected, and the liquid outlet of the flash tank 6 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 1 through the high pressure working fluid pump 13, the preheater 14, and the generator 15 in sequence.

The exhaust gas outlets of the high pressure expander 2 and the low pressure expander 3 are connected to the working fluid inlet of the refrigeration ejector 8 at the same time. The fluid inlet is connected; the outlet of the jet regenerator 9 is divided into two paths, one is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 1 through the low-pressure working fluid pump 11, the preheater 14, and the generator 15 in turn, and the other is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 1 in turn through the throttle valve. 17. The evaporator 16 is connected to the ejection fluid inlet of the refrigeration ejector 8 , and the suction port of the high pressure expander 2 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the jet regenerator 9 through the extraction steam regulating valve 7 .

The exhausted circulating working medium from the exhaust gas outlet of the high pressure expander 2 and the low pressure expander 3 enters the refrigeration ejector 8, decompresses and increases the speed in the throat part of the refrigeration ejector 8, and ejects the secondary circulating working medium at the outlet of the evaporator 16 After the two gases are mixed in the mixing chamber, they flow out of the refrigeration ejector 8 through the pressurization and deceleration and enter the regenerator 12, and the circulating working medium in the evaporator 16 produces a refrigeration effect due to evaporation.

The temperature of the exhausted steam of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the high-pressure expander 2 and the low-pressure expander 3 is relatively high, and the regenerator 12 is used to recover the heat of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the refrigeration ejector 8, reduce the heat load of the condenser 10, and improve the utilization of heat efficiency.

The circulating working medium steam of a certain pressure extracted from the high pressure expander 2 enters the injection regenerator 9, the liquid circulating working medium at the outlet of the ejection condenser 10 enters the injection regenerator 9, and the two fluids are injected into the injection regenerator 9. heat exchange.

The high-pressure circulating working medium extracted from the high-pressure expander 2 is in a supersonic flow state in the flow channel of the jet regenerator 9. Due to the factor of back pressure, a shock wave is generated at the throat part, which accelerates the condensation of the gas phase and causes the pressure of the fluid to rise rapidly. high, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient heat exchange and supercharging. The jet regenerator 9 is used as an ejector to realize the ejection and pressurization of the liquid working medium at the outlet of the condenser 10, which reduces the power consumption of the low-pressure working medium pump 11 and avoids the cavitation problem of the circulating working medium at the inlet of the low-pressure working medium pump 11. It also acts as a regenerator to recover the heat extracted from the high-pressure expander 2 to improve system efficiency and technical economy.

The high pressure expander 2 and the low pressure expander 3 are coaxially connected to the generator 4 to drive the generator 4 to generate electricity. The cooling energy generated by the circulating working fluid evaporating and absorbing heat in the evaporator 16 can be provided to the user. Take control.

The low-grade heat energy is connected to the generator 15 and the preheater 14 in sequence, and the step-by-step utilization of the low-grade heat energy is realized through the preheater 14 and the generator 15 step heating the circulating working fluid of the system. The circulating working medium at the outlet of the generator 15 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, and the dryness of the circulating working medium can be adjusted according to the characteristics of low-grade thermal energy and the load characteristics of cold electricity.

The working process of the present invention is described below:

The circulating working medium is heated into a gas-liquid two-phase state in the generator 15, and then enters the gas-liquid separator 1 for gas-liquid separation, wherein the gas-phase organic working medium enters the high-pressure expander 2 to expand and do work, and drives the generator 4 to generate electricity; The organic working medium passes through the pressure reducing valve 5 into the flash tank 6 for flash evaporation, and the flashed organic working medium enters the low pressure expander 3 for expansion and work, and drives the generator 4 to generate electricity. The liquid-phase organic working medium discharged from the bottom of the flash tank 6 is pressurized by the high-pressure working medium pump 13 and enters the preheater 14 . The spent organic working medium vapor at the spent gas outlet of the high-pressure expander 2 and the low-pressure expander 3 forms a high-speed airflow in the refrigeration ejector 8, and the low-pressure organic working medium vapor in the evaporator 16 is sucked into the refrigeration ejector 8, And mixed with it, the organic working medium in the evaporator 16 produces a cooling effect due to evaporation. The mixed organic working medium with higher temperature passes through the regenerator 12 to heat the organic working medium sprayed at the outlet of the regenerator 9 and then enters the condenser 10 . A certain pressure of organic working medium vapor is extracted from the high-pressure expander 2 into the injection regenerator 9, and the liquid organic working medium of the ejection condenser 10 enters the injection regenerator 9, and the two fluids are exchanged in the injection regenerator 9. After being heated, it is divided into two parts. One part is pressurized by the low-pressure working fluid pump 11 and then passed through the regenerator 12 and the organic working fluid at the outlet of the high-pressure working fluid pump 13. It enters the gas-liquid separator 1 to form a cycle, and the other part enters the evaporator 16 through the throttle valve 17 for evaporative refrigeration.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement them accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a spray organic rankine flash distillation combined cooling and power system which characterized in that: the system comprises a gas-liquid separator (1), a high-pressure expander (2), a low-pressure expander (3), a generator (4), a pressure reducing valve (5), a flash tank (6), a steam extraction regulating valve (7), a refrigeration ejector (8), an injection heat regenerator (9), a condenser (10), a low-pressure working medium pump (11), a high-pressure working medium pump (13), a generator (15), an evaporator (16) and a throttle valve (17);

a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (1) is connected with a steam inlet of the high-pressure expander (2), a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (1) is connected with an inlet of the flash tank (6) through a pressure reducing valve (5), a gas outlet of the flash tank (6) is connected with a steam inlet of the low-pressure expander (3), and a liquid outlet of the flash tank (6) is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (1) through a high-pressure working medium pump (13) and a generator (15) in sequence;

exhaust gas outlets of the high-pressure expander (2) and the low-pressure expander (3) are simultaneously connected with a working fluid inlet of a refrigeration ejector (8), an outlet of the refrigeration ejector (8) is connected with an injection fluid inlet of an injection heat regenerator (9) through a condenser (10), the outlet of the injection heat regenerator (9) is divided into two paths, one path is sequentially connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (1) through a low-pressure working medium pump (11) and a generator (15), the other path is sequentially connected with the injection fluid inlet of the refrigeration ejector (8) through a throttle valve (17) and an evaporator (16), and an air suction port of the high-pressure expander (2) is connected with the working fluid inlet of the injection heat regenerator (9) through an air suction regulating valve (7);

the low-grade heat energy is connected with the generator (15) and heats the circulating working medium in the generator (15); the high-pressure expander (2), the low-pressure expander (3) and the generator (4) are coaxially connected to drive the generator (4) to generate electricity; the circulating working medium is evaporated and absorbs heat in the evaporator (16) to obtain cold energy.

2. The injection organic rankine flash combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a preheater (14) which is adjacently arranged at the downstream of the generator (15), and the low-grade heat energy from the generator (15) enters the preheater (14) to preheat the circulating working medium in the preheater (14).

3. The injection organic rankine flash combined cooling and power system according to claim 2, wherein: the system also comprises a heat regenerator (12), one side of which is connected between the refrigeration ejector (8) and the condenser (10), and the other side of which is connected between the low-pressure working medium pump (11) and the preheater (14).

4. The injection organic rankine flash combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the circulating working medium at the outlet of the generator (15) is in a gas-liquid two-phase state, and the dryness can be adjusted through the characteristics of low-grade heat energy and the load characteristics of cold electricity.

5. The injection organic rankine flash combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigeration power of the evaporator (16) is controlled according to the circulating working medium pressure of the exhaust gas outlets of the high-pressure expander (2) and the low-pressure expander (3) and the opening degree of the steam extraction regulating valve (7).

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