CN111306301A - A rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device and preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rotary vane type high-temperature high-pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device, which has a sealing effect higher than that of honeycomb sealing and brush sealing and has a service life longer than that of packing sealing and brush sealing. The dynamic sealing device comprises a first sealing base body, a second sealing base body and a sealing sheet set, wherein the first sealing base body and the second sealing base body are of annular structures and are coaxially and axially spliced, so that a circle of groove is formed on the integral inner side of the first sealing base body and the second sealing base body; the sealing plate group consists of a plurality of fins which are distributed in the circle of groove and are inclined along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the fixed end of the fin is connected with the first sealing base body and/or the second sealing base body, and the free end of the fin is flush with the top surface of the circle of groove or slightly extends out of the circle of groove, so that the fin is just contacted with the rotating shaft or forms elastic contact with pretightening force.

Description

A rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device and preparation method

technical field

The invention relates to a radial dynamic sealing device and a preparation method under high temperature and high pressure state.

Background technique

At present, the dynamic seals of high temperature and high pressure gas mainly include soft and hard packing seals, labyrinth seals, piston ring seals and brush seals. The core of the seal is to reduce the leakage of the sealing medium per unit time as much as possible under the same conditions.

The soft packing is sealed with appropriate packing and structure, the maximum applicable pressure is 35MPa, the temperature is 600℃, and the linear speed is 20m/s, which can meet the sealing requirements under general conditions. It is prone to packing hardening phenomenon under open flame conditions, and the wear compensation is insufficient; The packing seal uses a pressure of 350MPa and a linear speed of 12m/s, which requires cooling or heating of the packing.

The labyrinth seal forms a small tortuous gap between the rotating part and the fixed part, and the fluid is throttled many times to achieve the purpose of sealing. It is a non-contact seal, and the sealing effect is far less than that of a contact seal.

Piston ring seal is the most commonly used high-temperature and high-pressure gas seal structure in existing engines and similar structures. It must work under continuous lubrication and cooling conditions, and has low adaptability to working conditions and is extremely easy to wear.

As a key technology of modern turbomachinery, brush seals are made of metal wires with a contact surface of 120/mm ² grown on a forming substrate, which are difficult to manufacture and costly, and require high lubrication and cooling conditions. In addition, the brush seal has the phenomenon of poor sealing, wire loss, and serious brushing of the brush wire on the shaft.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device and a preparation method to further improve the sealing effect and service life.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device, which is special in that it comprises a first sealing base, a second sealing base and a sealing sheet group, wherein the first sealing base and the second sealing base are It is an annular structure, and the two are coaxial and axially spliced, so that a ring of grooves is formed on the entire inner side of the first sealing base and the second sealing base; the sealing sheet group is composed of a plurality of fins, and the plurality of fins are distributed In the groove of the one ring, there are inclinations along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the fixed end of the fin is connected with the first sealing base and/or the second sealing base, and the free end of the fin is connected with the one ring The top surface of the groove is flush with or slightly protrudes from the groove, so that the fin and the rotating shaft are just in contact or form elastic contact with a pre-tightening force.

Further, the plurality of fins are evenly distributed in the circle of grooves.

Further, the inclination of the plurality of fins along the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft, specifically, the inclination along the rotation direction of the rotation shaft. More preferably, the plurality of fins are uniformly distributed at the same inclination angle of 30°˜70° along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

Further, the plurality of fins are inclined in the axial direction, specifically in the direction in which the medium flows. More preferably, the inclination angle of the plurality of fins in the axial direction is 0°˜5°.

Further, the sealing sheet group 3 is composed of 1000-30000 fins.

Further, the first sealing base body and the second sealing base body are provided with clamping grooves for installing the sealing sheet group and controlling the installation angle of the sealing sheet group.

Further, the material of the fins is a cobalt-based alloy or a nickel-based alloy.

The present invention also proposes a device applying the above dynamic sealing device, comprising a casing, a rotating shaft and an end cover, wherein the first sealing base and the second sealing base of the dynamic sealing device correspond to the low pressure side and the high pressure side in the casing, respectively. ; The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device is arranged at the inner step of the casing, and is pressed by the end cover, the rotating shaft passes through the axis of the annular structure, and is connected with the first sealing base Tangent to the entire inner side of the second sealing base and in contact with the plurality of fins.

The present invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the rotary vane type high-temperature and high-pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

The sealing ring is installed at the inner step of the casing and is pressed by the end cover. The rotating shaft passes through the center of the sealing ring and is tangent to the sealing surface of the sealing ring;

Specifically, the sealing sheet is installed in the middle of the sealing base body one and the sealing base body two, and is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the same inclination angle of 30° to 70°; And control the installation angle of the sealing sheet, while the circumferential direction is tilted, it is rotated and tilted according to a set angle in the axial direction or perpendicular to the circular plane direction to form a sealing ring.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

Due to the unique design of the rotary vane seal, the fin-shaped design of the sealing plate group and the inclination of its circumferential direction (preferably arranged to be inclined in the direction of shaft rotation) make it have a good elastic retreat effect, reduce wear and prolong life; its circumferential inclined structure This makes it have a blocking effect on the incoming flow in the axial direction, and enhances the sealing effect; In summary, the sealing effect is better than labyrinth seal, brush seal, elastic contact, less wear, service life is better than packing seal, brush seal, stable use effect, and no shedding phenomenon, no need for lubrication and cooling under special conditions.

The invention can be widely used in the application field of high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) dynamic sealing of steam turbines, gas turbines, rotary engines, natural gas deep sea oil and other equipment.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, a is a cross-sectional view, b is a side view (partial section) of a; in the figure: 1-first sealing base, 2-second sealing base, 3- Seal set.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the sealing sheet group is arranged obliquely;

Fig. 3 is an application schematic diagram of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1; in the figure, 5-chassis, 6-rotating shaft, 7-end cover, 8-seal ring.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device mainly includes a first sealing base 1, a second sealing base 2 and a sealing sheet group 3 (about 1000-30000 pieces). )composition.

Both the first sealing base 1 and the second sealing base (2) are annular structures, and the two are coaxial and axially spliced, so that a ring of grooves is formed on the overall inner side of the first sealing base (1) and the second sealing base 2 ; The sealing sheet group 3 is composed of a plurality of fins (a certain size of symmetrically arranged narrow slits are arranged on both sides of the fin-shaped structure to enhance the elasticity of the sealing sheet group), and a plurality of fins are distributed in the ring of grooves Inside, there are inclinations along the circumferential and axial directions of the rotating shaft; the fixed end of the fin is connected to the first sealing base 1 and/or the second sealing base 2, and the free end of the fin is connected to the top surface of the groove The grooves are flush or slightly protruded, so that the fins are just in contact with the rotating shaft or form elastic contact with a pre-tightening force.

Specifically, the sealing sheet group 3 can be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the same inclination angle of 30° to 70°; the first sealing base 1 and the second sealing base 2 are provided with card grooves for installing the sealing sheet group 3 and controlling the sealing. Mounting angle of plate group 3. The sealing plate group 3 can adopt special lofting, and at the same time of inclination in the circumferential direction, there is also a certain angle of rotation inclination in the axial direction (perpendicular to the circular plane direction).

Cobalt-based and nickel-based alloys can be selected for the material of sealing sheet group 3.

Sealing principle: When the sealing assembly is installed on the equipment, the circle enclosed by the closely arranged sealing plate group 3 is exactly tangent to the rotating shaft, because the incoming flow direction is the axial direction, and the axially inclined sealing plate group converses the incoming flow. The medium will form an axial block, so as to achieve the sealing effect; when the sealed shaft is working, whether it is the shaft expansion caused by high temperature, or the transient disturbance caused by the vibration of the shaft caused by high-speed rotation, it will make it and the sealing plate group 3 Friction and collision occur, and the fin-like structure of the sealing plate group 3 and the inclination of its circumferential direction (preferably the inclination of the shaft rotation direction) make it have a good elastic retreat effect. When the shaft collides with the sealing plate group 3, the sealing plate Group 3 yields instantaneously to reduce wear and damage to the shaft.

Therefore, the dynamic sealing device forms a seal for the incoming medium, and has the functions of automatic retreat and automatic compensation, thereby reducing wear and prolonging the service life.

For the specific application scenario of this embodiment, see FIG. 3 , the entire sealing ring 8 (that is, the above-mentioned rotary vane type high-temperature and high-pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device) is installed at the inner step of the casing 5 , and is pressed by the end cover 7 , the rotating shaft passes through the center of the sealing ring 8 and is tangent to the sealing surface of the sealing ring 8. During operation, the rotating shaft 6 rotates at a high speed, and the pressurized medium enters from the right side as shown in the figure (the medium input port is not limited to this), The sealing function of the sealing ring 8 prevents the pressurized medium from leaking from the high pressure side to the low pressure side.

The present invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device, comprising the following steps:

The sealing ring 8 is installed at the inner step of the casing 5, and is pressed by the end cover 7, and the rotating shaft passes through the center of the sealing ring 8 and is tangent to the sealing surface of the sealing ring 8;

Specifically, the sealing sheet 3 is installed in the middle of the sealing base 1 and the sealing base 2, and is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the same inclination angle of 30° to 70°; It is used to install the sealing sheet 3 and control the installation angle of the sealing sheet 3. While the circumferential direction is inclined, the sealing ring 8 is formed by rotating and tilting according to the set angle in the axial direction or perpendicular to the circular plane direction.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

1. A rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device is characterized in that: comprising a first sealing base (1), a second sealing base (2) and a sealing sheet group (3), wherein the first sealing base (1) Both the first sealing base (1) and the second sealing base (2) are annular structures, and the two are coaxial and axially spliced, so that the overall inner sides of the first sealing base (1) and the second sealing base (2) form a a ring groove; the sealing sheet group (3) is composed of a plurality of fins, and the plurality of fins are distributed in the groove of the one ring, and are inclined along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the rotating shaft; the fixed end of the fins Connected to the first sealing base (1) and/or the second sealing base (2), the free ends of the fins are flush with the top surface of the ring of grooves or slightly protrude from the ring of grooves, so that the fins are The sheet is in just contact with the rotating shaft or forms an elastic contact with a preload. 2 . The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fins are evenly distributed in the one-ring groove. 3 . 3. The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the inclination of the plurality of fins along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, specifically along the rotating direction of the rotating shaft tilt. 4. The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of fins are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft at the same inclination angle of 30° to 70° . 5. The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the plurality of fins are inclined along the axial direction, specifically along the inflow direction of the medium. 6 . The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1 , wherein the sealing plate group ( 3 ) is composed of 1000-30000 fins. 7 . 7. The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first sealing base (1) and the second sealing base (2) are provided with The card slot is used to install the sealing plate group (3) and control the installation angle of the sealing plate group (3). 8 . The rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1 , wherein the material of the fins is a cobalt-based alloy or a nickel-based alloy. 9 . 9. A device for applying the rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1, comprising a casing, a rotating shaft and an end cover, characterized in that: the rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas The first sealing base (1) and the second sealing base (2) of the (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device respectively correspond to the low pressure side and the high pressure side in the casing; the rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) body The elastic contact dynamic sealing device is arranged at the inner step of the casing (5), and is pressed by the end cover (7). The entire inner side of the base body (2) is tangential and in contact with the plurality of fins. 10. A preparation method for preparing the rotary vane type high temperature and high pressure gas (liquid) elastic contact dynamic sealing device according to claim 1-8, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: The sealing ring (8) is installed at the inner step of the casing (5), and is pressed by the end cover (7), and the rotating shaft passes through the center of the sealing ring (8) and is tangent to the sealing surface of the sealing ring (8); Specifically, the sealing sheet (3) is installed in the middle of the sealing base body 1 (1) and the sealing base body 2 (2), and is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the same inclination angle of 30° to 70°; the sealing base body 1 (1) and the sealing base body 2 (2) There are card grooves on all of them to install the sealing sheet (3) and control the installation angle of the sealing sheet (3). Rotate the tilt to form the sealing ring (8).

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