CN111286406A - Extraction method of eucalyptus essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil and application - Google Patents
Extraction method of eucalyptus essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111286406A CN111286406A CN202010216328.2A CN202010216328A CN111286406A CN 111286406 A CN111286406 A CN 111286406A CN 202010216328 A CN202010216328 A CN 202010216328A CN 111286406 A CN111286406 A CN 111286406A
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- WSTYNZDAOAEEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mayol Natural products CC1=C(O)C(=O)C=C2C(CCC3(C4CC(C(CC4(CCC33C)C)=O)C)C)(C)C3=CC=C21 WSTYNZDAOAEEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WASNIKZYIWZQIP-AWEZNQCLSA-N nerolidol Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCC[C@@H](O)C=C)C)C WASNIKZYIWZQIP-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an extraction method of eucalyptus essential oil, the eucalyptus essential oil and application, relates to the technical field of essential oil extraction, and comprises the step of extracting a eucalyptus raw material which is sequentially treated by a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation to obtain the eucalyptus essential oil. The method performs microbial fermentation before biological enzymolysis to fully destroy the cell structure of eucalyptus, so that essential oil is rapidly leached, the process flow is shortened, the extraction efficiency is improved, the essential oil yield is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the essential oil quality is improved. The eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the extraction method has high yield and high content of active substances in the eucalyptus essential oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of essential oil extraction, and particularly relates to an extraction method of eucalyptus essential oil, the eucalyptus essential oil and application.
Background
The plant essential oil is a precious resource in the plant body, and has wide application value in the aspects of medicines, cosmetics, food additives and the like. The main components of plant essential oil are monoterpene, sesquiterpene, aliphatic compound and aromatic hydrocarbon derivative, and have various biological activities.
The eucalyptus is a tall tree of Myrtaceae, also known as Eupatorium fortunei fruit, cinchona japonica and mosquito tree, the eucalyptus essential oil is a complex mixture composed of various monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, aromatic phenols, oxides, ethers, alcohols, esters, aldehydes and ketones, and mainly comprises 1, 8-cineole, α -thujene, α -pinene, camphene, pinene, p-cymene, ocimene, isoterpinene, α -phellandrene, α -terpinene, limonene, caryophyllene, citronellal, nerolidol, linalool, trans-abietyl alcohol, pinolene and α -cineol.
Eucalyptus essential oil can be applied in the field of medicine, has the function of resisting various bacteria, especially against upper respiratory tract infection and chronic bronchitis, also has the function of eliminating phlegm, can also be applied to certain skin diseases, and can be used as a flushing agent for wound surfaces, ulcers and fistulas. The eucalyptus essential oil can be used in the fields of perfume and daily chemical, contains citronellal, can be used for synthesizing menthol and thymol essence, and can also be used for preparing perfume, perfumed soap and essential oil. The eucalyptus essential oil can also be applied to the industrial field, has high surface activity and bactericidal capacity, is a natural emulsifier and bactericide, and can be used for manufacturing air purifiers, disinfectants or foam soaps and the like.
Steam distillation is the most common essential oil extraction method in the industry at present, the method has simple requirements on industrial equipment, but has the problems of long distillation time, low extraction rate, possible decomposition or oxidation of effective components and the like, in actual production, the separation and purification process of eucalyptus essential oil usually accounts for 50-70% of the production cost, even reaches 90%, and the steps are multiple and the time consumption is long, so that the bottleneck restricting the production is often formed.
The application of the biological enzyme method for assisting in extracting eucalyptus essential oil is few, and researches on improving essential oil extraction by adopting enzymolysis exist at present, but the consumption of biological enzyme is large, the enzymolysis time is long, the production period is long, and the production cost is high.
The eucalyptus essential oil extracted by the prior art has the advantages of large biological enzyme consumption, long process time and low extraction rate. Therefore, there is a need for an improved method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which can improve the extraction efficiency and the essential oil quality of eucalyptus essential oil.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which alleviates the technical problem of the prior art that an extraction method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil with high efficiency is lacked.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the above method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil or the use of eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, comprising: extracting eucalyptus raw material sequentially treated by microbial preparation and enzyme preparation to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Preferably, the microbial preparation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-2 parts of nocardia and 1-2 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
Preferably, the using amount of the microbial preparation is 0.01-0.05% of the mass of the eucalyptus raw material;
preferably, the temperature for fermenting the eucalyptus raw material by the microbial preparation is 25-40 ℃;
preferably, the time for fermenting the eucalyptus raw material by the microbial preparation is 1-4 h.
Preferably, the enzyme preparation comprises one or more of cellulase, pectinase and protease.
Preferably, the total dosage of the enzyme preparation is 0.2-1.0% of the mass of the eucalyptus raw material;
preferably, the pH condition of the eucalyptus raw material treated by the enzyme preparation is 3-8;
preferably, the temperature for treating the eucalyptus raw material by the enzyme preparation is 30-60 ℃;
preferably, the time for treating the eucalyptus raw material by the enzyme preparation is 0.5-4 h.
Preferably, the eucalyptus material comprises one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks;
preferably, one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks are ground and then sieved by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, and then the ground eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks are subjected to combined treatment by a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation;
preferably, the eucalyptus raw material and water with the material ratio of 1: 5-20 are uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is subjected to combined treatment of a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation.
Preferably, the eucalyptus raw material is extracted using a steam distillation method;
preferably, the steam pressure is 0.2-0.5 MPa;
preferably, the distillation time is 3-4 h.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the above method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides an extraction method of the eucalyptus essential oil, or an application of the eucalyptus essential oil extracted by the extraction method of the eucalyptus essential oil in preparation of medicines, cosmetics, food additives, perfumes, bactericides or detergents.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the eucalyptus raw material is fermented by the microorganism before the raw material is treated by the enzyme, so that the cell structure of the eucalyptus raw material is furthest destroyed, the essential oil is rapidly leached, the enzymolysis time and the extraction time can be shortened, the extraction efficiency is improved, the process flow is shortened, the essential oil yield and the content of functional components are improved, the production cost is reduced, the toxicity of toxic substances can be weakened by the metabolism of the microorganism, the content of active substances is increased, and the content of inactive substances is reduced, thereby improving the quality of the essential oil. The eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the extraction method has high yield and high content of active substances in the eucalyptus essential oil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that: in the present invention, all the technical features mentioned herein and preferred features may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated; all the embodiments and preferred methods can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution; and the components involved or the preferred components thereof can be combined with each other to form a new technical scheme.
In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a-b" represents a shorthand representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. The "ranges" disclosed herein may have one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively, in the form of lower limits and upper limits.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the individual reactions or operation steps may or may not be performed in sequence. Preferably, the reaction processes herein are carried out sequentially.
Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods or materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the present invention.
The invention provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps: extracting eucalyptus raw material sequentially treated by microbial preparation and enzyme preparation to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
According to the invention, the eucalyptus raw material is fermented by the microorganism before the raw material is treated by the enzyme, so that the cell structure of the eucalyptus raw material is furthest destroyed, the essential oil is rapidly leached, the enzymolysis time and the extraction time can be shortened, the extraction efficiency is improved, the process flow is shortened, the essential oil yield and the content of functional components are improved, the production cost is reduced, the toxicity of toxic substances can be weakened by the metabolism of the microorganism, the content of active substances is increased, and the content of inactive substances is reduced, thereby improving the quality of the essential oil.
In some alternative embodiments, the microbial preparation comprises, in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-2 parts of nocardia and 1-2 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
The lactobacillus plantarum is anaerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria, has high viable count, can produce a large amount of acid, stabilizes the pH value in water, and can produce acidic substances capable of degrading heavy metals. The lactobacillus plantarum may optionally be used in an amount of 1-2 parts, and may for example, but not limited to, be 1 part, 1.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts, or 2 parts.
The yeast can ferment sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide, and heterotrophic facultative anaerobic microorganisms can survive under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, are natural leavening agents, are easy to culture, and grow rapidly. The yeast may optionally be used in an amount of 1-2 parts, for example but not limited to 1 part, 1.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts or 2 parts.
Nocardia is a bacterium widely found in soil, seawater, fresh water, and dust, and belongs to the class of Actinomycetes, the order Actinomycetales, the sub-order Corynebacterium, the family Nocardiaceae, the genus Nocardia. Nocardia can optionally be used in amounts of 1-2 parts, for example but not limited to 1 part, 1.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts or 2 parts.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is Bacillus and can produce various α -amylase and protease and effectively degrade lignin in eucalyptus, and the optional amount of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 1-2 parts, such as but not limited to 1 part, 1.1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.7 parts, 1.8 parts, 1.9 parts or 2 parts.
Furthermore, the fermentation effect of the eucalyptus raw material can be optimized by optimizing the dosage of the microbial preparation and the fermentation conditions of the microbial preparation, for example, but not limited to, in order to optimize the fermentation time of the microbes, a more appropriate fermentation temperature and pH value are selected, so that the proliferation and metabolic efficiency of the microbes are improved, and the subsequent enzymolysis reaction is performed more fully.
In some alternative embodiments, the microbial preparation is used in an amount of 0.01% to 0.05% by mass of the eucalyptus material, such as but not limited to 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% or 0.05%. In some alternative embodiments, the microbial preparation ferments eucalyptus material at a temperature of 25-40 ℃, such as but not limited to 25 ℃, 28 ℃, 30 ℃, 32 ℃, 35 ℃, 37 ℃ or 40 ℃. In some alternative embodiments, the microbial preparation ferments the eucalyptus raw material for 1 to 4 hours, such as but not limited to 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, or 4 hours.
In some alternative embodiments, the enzyme preparation comprises one or more of cellulase, pectinase and protease. The pectinase can degrade the intercellular pectin and separate the cells from the tissues, the cellulase can degrade the cellulose in the eucalyptus into oligosaccharides and monosaccharides, and the protease degrades the protein macromolecules in the eucalyptus into micromolecular peptides or amino acids. And by optimizing the reaction conditions of the enzyme preparation, including but not limited to reaction temperature, reaction time, pH value during the reaction and enzyme dosage, especially when different enzymes are used for combined action, the efficiency of enzymolysis reaction can be improved, and the efficiency of subsequent extraction of essential oil, the yield of essential oil and the quality of essential oil can be further improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the total amount of the enzyme preparation is 0.2% to 1.0% by mass of the eucalyptus material, for example but not limited to 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% or 1.0%. In some alternative embodiments, the pH conditions at which the eucalyptus feedstock is treated with the enzyme formulation are from 3 to 8, such as but not limited to 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, or 8. In some alternative embodiments, the temperature at which the eucalyptus material is treated by the enzyme preparation is 30 to 60 ℃, for example, but not limited to, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃ or 60 ℃. In some alternative embodiments, the enzyme preparation treats the eucalyptus material for 0.5 to 4 hours, such as but not limited to 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, or 4 hours.
The eucalyptus according to the present invention is not limited to the kind thereof, and the eucalyptus species commonly used in the art for preparing eucalyptus essential oil can be selected for extraction, for example, but not limited to, one or more of eucalyptus globulus, eucalyptus dunnii, eucalyptus urophylla, eucalyptus camaldulensis, eucalyptus camaldii, eucalyptus robusta, and eucalyptus grandis. Optionally, the eucalyptus material comprises one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches, and bark.
In some preferred embodiments, one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks are ground and sieved by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, and then the ground eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks are treated by a combination of a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation; in some more preferable embodiments, the eucalyptus raw material is uniformly mixed with water in a material ratio of 1: 5-20, and then the mixture is subjected to combined treatment of a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation. The material ratio refers to a mass ratio of the sum of one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks to water, and may be, for example, but not limited to, 1:5, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10, 1:12.5, 1:15, 1:16, 1:18 or 1: 20. The optimization of the material ratio can optimize the effects of subsequent fermentation and enzymolysis.
The eucalyptus raw material is sequentially subjected to compound microbial agent fermentation and enzyme preparation treatment, and then the essential oil extraction step is carried out, wherein the essential oil extraction step can be carried out by selecting the conventional method in the field, such as but not limited to the combined use of one or more of steam distillation method, solvent extraction method and supercritical fluid extraction method.
In some preferred embodiments, the eucalyptus material treated with the microbial preparation and the enzyme preparation in sequence is extracted by steam distillation, and the effect is better. The steam distillation method is a process of introducing steam into organic matters insoluble in water or distilling the organic matters and water through azeotropy, and has the advantages of simple equipment, low cost, high yield and easy operation.
In some preferred embodiments, the parameters of the steam distillation process are as follows: the pressure is 0.2 to 0.5MPa, for example, but not limited to, 0.2MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.35MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.45MPa or 0.5 MPa; the distillation time is 3-4 h, for example, but not limited to, 3h, 3.2h, 3.5h, 3.7h, 3.8h or 4 h. The process parameters are optimized, so that the yield of the essential oil and the quality of the essential oil can be further improved.
The eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the extraction method is high in yield and high in active substance content, and in some preferred embodiments, the eucalyptus essential oil obtained by the extraction method comprises, by mass, 40% -50% of 1, 8-cineole, 30% -40% of myrcene, 5% -15% of α -phellandrene and 4% -10% of α -pinene.
The invention also provides an extraction method of the eucalyptus essential oil or an application of the eucalyptus essential oil in preparation of medicines, cosmetics, food additives, spices, bactericides or detergents. Including but not limited to, the extraction method of the eucalyptus essential oil or the application of the eucalyptus essential oil in preparing medicines for resisting bacteria, medicines for upper respiratory tract infection, medicines for chronic bronchitis and external medicines for treating wounds; used for preparing perfume, soap and essential oil; it can be used for preparing air cleaning agent, disinfectant or foam soap.
The advantageous effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) crushing equal amount of dried leaves and barks of Eucalyptus globulus Labill by a crusher, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder, adding water into the Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder at a material ratio of 1:10, and mixing uniformly.
(b) Adding a microbial preparation which is 0.03 percent of the mass of eucalyptus powder into the mixture obtained in the step (a), wherein the microbial preparation comprises 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of saccharomycetes, 1 part of nocardia and 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; fermenting for 2.5h at 35 deg.C with microbial preparation.
(c) Then adding an enzyme preparation consisting of cellulase, pectinase and protease with the same amount, wherein the dosage of the enzyme preparation is 0.6 percent of the total mass of the eucalyptus leaves and the barks, the condition of enzymolysis is that the pH is 5, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the treatment time is 3 hours.
(d) Extracting the eucalyptus raw material by using a steam distillation method, wherein the steam pressure is 0.4Mpa, the distillation time is 3.5h, and after freezing water is condensed, separating by using an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) pulverizing dried blue eucalyptus leaves by a pulverizer, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain eucalyptus leaf powder, adding water into the eucalyptus leaf powder at a material ratio of 1:5, and uniformly mixing.
(b) Adding a microbial preparation which is 0.01 percent of the mass of the eucalyptus leaf powder into the mixture obtained in the step (a), wherein the microbial preparation comprises 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 2 parts of saccharomycetes, 1 part of nocardia and 2 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; fermenting for 4h at 25 deg.C with microbial preparation.
(c) Then adding enzyme preparation composed of equal amount of cellulase, pectinase and protease, wherein the dosage of the enzyme preparation is 1.0% of the weight of the eucalyptus leaf powder, and the enzymolysis treatment is carried out under the conditions of pH 5, temperature 45 deg.C and treatment time 0.5 h.
(d) Extracting the eucalyptus raw material by using a steam distillation method, wherein the steam pressure is 0.2Mpa, the distillation time is 4h, and after freezing water is condensed, separating by using an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) crushing equal amount of dried leaves, branches and barks of Eucalyptus globulus Labill by a crusher, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder, adding water into the Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder at a material ratio of 1:20, and mixing uniformly.
(b) Adding a microbial preparation which is 0.05 percent of the mass of eucalyptus powder into the mixture obtained in the step (a), wherein the microbial preparation comprises 2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of yeast, 2 parts of nocardia and 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; fermenting for 1h at 40 deg.C with microbial preparation.
(c) Then adding an enzyme preparation consisting of cellulase and protease in equal amount, wherein the dosage of the enzyme preparation is 0.2% of the mass of the eucalyptus powder, and the conditions of enzymolysis treatment are that the pH is 8, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the treatment time is 4 h.
(d) Extracting the eucalyptus raw material by using a steam distillation method, wherein the steam pressure is 0.5Mpa, the distillation time is 3h, and after freezing water is condensed, separating by using an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) pulverizing dried blue eucalyptus leaves by a pulverizer, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain eucalyptus leaf powder, adding water into the eucalyptus leaf powder at a material ratio of 1:15, and uniformly mixing.
(b) Adding a microbial preparation which is 0.02% of the mass of the eucalyptus leaf powder into the mixture obtained in the step (a), wherein the microbial preparation comprises 2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 2 parts of yeast, 1 part of nocardia and 2 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; fermenting for 3h at 30 deg.C with microbial preparation.
(c) And adding pectinase in an amount of 1.0 wt% of the folium Eucalypti Globueli powder, and performing enzymolysis at 50 deg.C and pH 3 for 2.5 h.
(d) Extracting the eucalyptus raw material by using a steam distillation method, wherein the steam pressure is 0.2Mpa, the distillation time is 4h, and after freezing water is condensed, separating by using an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) crushing equal amount of dried leaves and barks of Eucalyptus globulus Labill by a crusher, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder, adding water into the Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder at a material ratio of 1:10, and mixing uniformly.
(b) Adding a microbial preparation which is 0.03 percent of the mass of eucalyptus powder into the mixture obtained in the step (a), wherein the microbial preparation comprises 1 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 1 part of saccharomycetes, 1 part of nocardia and 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; fermenting for 2.5h at 35 deg.C with microbial preparation.
(c) Extracting the eucalyptus raw material from the fermented eucalyptus powder by steam distillation with steam pressure of 0.4Mpa for 3.5h, condensing the frozen water, and separating with an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps:
(a) crushing equal amount of dried leaves and barks of Eucalyptus globulus Labill by a crusher, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder, adding water into the Eucalyptus globulus Labill powder at a material ratio of 1:10, and mixing uniformly.
(b) Adding an enzyme preparation consisting of cellulase, pectinase and protease with the same amount into the mixture obtained in the step (a), wherein the dosage of the enzyme preparation is 0.6 percent of the total mass of the eucalyptus leaves and the barks, the enzymolysis treatment condition is that the pH value is 5, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the treatment time is 3 hours.
(c) Extracting the eucalyptus raw material by using a steam distillation method, wherein the steam pressure is 0.4Mpa, the distillation time is 3.5h, and after freezing water is condensed, separating by using an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil, which comprises the following steps: extracting the eucalyptus raw material by using a steam distillation method, wherein the steam pressure is 0.4Mpa, the distillation time is 8h, and after freezing water is condensed, separating by using an oil-water separator to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
Effect example 1
The eucalyptus essential oils obtained in the above examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the ingredients thereof are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 ingredients of eucalyptus essential oils obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from comparison of example 1 with comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the effect of extracting eucalyptus essential oil by combining microbial fermentation and enzyme treatment is superior to the quality of essential oil extracted by fermenting eucalyptus raw material or treating eucalyptus raw material with enzyme alone; as can be seen from the comparison of example 1 and comparative example 3, the extraction method provided by the present invention is superior to the conventional steam distillation method alone; as can be seen from comparison among the embodiments 1 to 4, the extraction efficiency and the quality of the extracted eucalyptus essential oil can be further improved by optimizing the extraction process parameters.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The extraction method of eucalyptus essential oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: extracting eucalyptus raw material sequentially treated by microbial preparation and enzyme preparation to obtain eucalyptus essential oil.
2. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the microbial preparation comprises, in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 1-2 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-2 parts of nocardia and 1-2 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
3. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the microbial preparation is used in an amount of 0.01-0.05% by mass of the eucalyptus raw material;
preferably, the temperature for fermenting the eucalyptus raw material by the microbial preparation is 25-40 ℃;
preferably, the time for fermenting the eucalyptus raw material by the microbial preparation is 1-4 h.
4. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein the enzyme preparation comprises one or more of cellulase, pectinase and protease.
5. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of the enzyme preparation is 0.2-1.0% of the mass of the eucalyptus raw material;
preferably, the pH condition of the eucalyptus raw material treated by the enzyme preparation is 3-8;
preferably, the temperature for treating the eucalyptus raw material by the enzyme preparation is 30-60 ℃;
preferably, the time for treating the eucalyptus raw material by the enzyme preparation is 0.5-4 h.
6. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the eucalyptus material includes one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches, and barks;
preferably, one or more of eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks are ground and then sieved by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, and then the ground eucalyptus leaves, branches and barks are treated by a combination of a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation.
7. The extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the eucalyptus raw material is uniformly mixed with water in a material ratio of 1: 5-20, and then the mixture is subjected to combined treatment of a microbial preparation and an enzyme preparation.
8. The extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the eucalyptus raw material is extracted using a steam distillation method;
preferably, the steam pressure is 0.2-0.5 MPa;
preferably, the distillation time is 3-4 h.
9. Eucalyptus essential oil prepared by the method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The method for extracting eucalyptus essential oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the use of eucalyptus essential oil according to claim 9 for preparing a medicine, a cosmetic, a food additive, a perfume, a bactericide or a detergent.
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