CN111270421B - Conductive geotextile based on medical waste and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Conductive geotextile based on medical waste and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111270421B CN111270421B CN202010236362.6A CN202010236362A CN111270421B CN 111270421 B CN111270421 B CN 111270421B CN 202010236362 A CN202010236362 A CN 202010236362A CN 111270421 B CN111270421 B CN 111270421B
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- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylhexyl phthalate Natural products CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical group O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- FYHXNYLLNIKZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;carbonic acid Chemical compound [Ca].OC(O)=O FYHXNYLLNIKZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- DJDSLBVSSOQSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O DJDSLBVSSOQSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/04—Melting filament-forming substances
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
- D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles
- D10B2505/204—Geotextiles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于医疗废物的导电土工织物及制备方法与应用，其制备方法为：将医疗塑料废物的破碎料与改性填料、加工助剂混合后熔融挤出获得母粒，将母粒干燥后进行熔融获得熔体，将熔体牵拉成熔体细丝，将熔体细丝与导电纤维进行开松铺网获得长丝，将长丝编织成织物前体，然后将织物前体热轧定型获得导电土工织物；改性填料包括聚丙烯酸钠、第一改性成分、第二改性成分及第三改性成分；加工助剂包括邻苯二甲酸二(2‑乙基己)酯、第一助剂成分和第二助剂成分。本发明能够利用医疗塑料废物制备具有高综合性能的导电土工织物。The invention discloses a conductive geotextile based on medical waste and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing crushed material of medical plastic waste, modified fillers and processing aids, and then melting and extruding to obtain master batches; After the pellets are dried, they are melted to obtain a melt, the melt is drawn into melt filaments, the melt filaments and conductive fibers are opened and meshed to obtain filaments, the filaments are woven into fabric precursors, and then the fabric front The conductive geotextile is obtained by hot rolling and shaping; the modified filler includes sodium polyacrylate, the first modified component, the second modified component and the third modified component; the processing aid includes bis(2-ethylhexyl phthalate) ) ester, a first adjuvant ingredient and a second adjuvant ingredient. The present invention can utilize the medical plastic waste to prepare the conductive geotextile with high comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of synthetic material engineering, and relates to a conductive geotextile based on medical waste, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
With the health of the medical system and the great development of the medical care industry in China, medical and health institutions generate a large amount of medical wastes every day, according to statistics, the annual production amount of the medical wastes in China is 75.12 ten thousand tons in 2005, and the production amount of the medical wastes is increased to 216.77 ten thousand tons by 2018. The amount of medical waste generated is so large that the public health is seriously harmed and the current situation of the medical waste treatment field is not optimistic.
At present, most of medical wastes in various countries are mainly treated by incineration, dioxin generated by incineration of plastic waste is a widely recognized strong toxic chemical substance in the world at present, and can cause great damage to human health, and the dioxin is high in stability and difficult to degrade and can cause serious pollution to soil, atmosphere and water sources when accumulated in natural environment. At present, a large number of medical institutions generate a large amount of medical wastes every day, the medical wastes are extremely dispersed in distribution, units for obtaining the qualification of disposing the medical wastes are relatively few, the disposing capacity is limited, a large number of medical wastes can not be disposed in time, great hidden dangers are caused to public health life, and especially when a large-scale epidemic situation occurs, the severe medical waste disposal problem needs to be reasonably solved.
Geotextiles are water permeable cloth-like geosynthetics made of material fibers by a special process, and are also called geotextiles. The geotextile is laid in the roadbed to play roles of filtering, reinforcing, draining and the like, and is widely applied to projects of reinforcing the roadbed, maintaining the road surface, isolating and protecting hydraulic buildings and the like. The electroosmosis method adopted in the engineering is that under the action of a direct current electric field, water combined with cations flows to a cathode, soil particles with negative charges on the surface flow to an anode, the water content or underground water level of soil can also be reduced, the electroosmosis method is combined with the drainage function of geotextile, the drainage consolidation of the soil can be accelerated, and the application level of the geotextile is expanded.
However, the inventor of the present invention found that geotextiles cannot be prepared by directly using raw materials of medical plastic wastes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the conductive geotextile based on the medical waste, and the preparation method and the application thereof, and the conductive geotextile with high comprehensive performance can be prepared by utilizing the medical plastic waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
on the one hand, the preparation method of the conductive geotextile based on the medical waste comprises the steps of mixing the crushed material of the medical plastic waste with the modified filler and the processing aid, melting and extruding to obtain master batches, drying the master batches, melting to obtain a melt, drawing the melt into melt filaments, opening and lapping the melt filaments and the conductive fibers to obtain filaments, weaving the filaments into a fabric precursor, and then carrying out hot rolling and shaping on the fabric precursor to obtain the conductive geotextile;
the modified filler comprises sodium polyacrylate, a first modified component, a second modified component and a third modified component, wherein the first modified component is short carbon fibers, silicon carbide whiskers or a mixture of the short carbon fibers and the silicon carbide whiskers, the second modified component is kaolin, montmorillonite or a mixture of the kaolin and the montmorillonite, and the third modified component is one or more of graphite powder, activated bamboo charcoal powder and paraffin;
the processing aid comprises di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a first aid component and a second aid component, wherein the first aid component is modified carbon black, modified tourmaline powder or a mixture of the modified carbon black and the modified tourmaline powder, and the second aid component is stearic acid or stearate.
Experiments show that the prepared fabric is poor in performance and difficult to be used as geotextile for paving the roadbed only by using medical plastic waste as a raw material. The modified filler and the processing aid are added to improve the medical plastic waste, and the fabric obtained by jointly treating the modified filler, the processing aid and the medical plastic waste has good performance and can be used for paving a roadbed. Meanwhile, the conductive fibers are adopted, so that the conductive performance of the fabric is improved, and the mechanical property of the fabric can be further improved, so that the fabric prepared by the method is more suitable for paving a roadbed.
In another aspect, an electrically conductive geotextile based on medical waste, obtained by the above method of preparation.
The conductive geotextile based on the medical wastes provided by the invention has good conductivity and mechanical properties, so that the conductive geotextile can be used as geotextile to be laid in a roadbed so as to play a role in filtering, reinforcing and draining, and therefore, in the third aspect, the conductive geotextile based on the medical wastes is applied to roadbed reinforcement, pavement maintenance or isolation protection of hydraulic buildings.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the medical plastic waste is improved through the specific modified filler and the processing aid, so that the medical plastic waste can be used as a raw material for preparing the geotextile, and the prepared conductive geotextile has higher comprehensive performance.
2. According to the invention, the conductive fibers are added in the process of preparing the geotextile, so that the geotextile has certain conductivity, can be embedded in a roadbed by applying an electroosmosis principle, namely water in soil flows from an anode to a cathode under the action of an electric field, the water content of the soil can be reduced, and the discharge of water in the soil is accelerated under the action of direct current, so that the soil is rapidly consolidated; meanwhile, the mechanical property of the geotextile can be further improved, so that the comprehensive performance of the conductive geotextile is further improved.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In view of the problem that the fabric prepared by directly adopting medical plastic waste as a raw material has poor performance, the invention provides a conductive geotextile based on medical waste, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention provides a typical embodiment of a preparation method of a conductive geotextile based on medical wastes, which comprises the steps of mixing crushed materials of medical plastic wastes with modified fillers and processing aids, then carrying out melt extrusion to obtain master batches, drying the master batches, then carrying out melting to obtain a melt, drawing the melt into melt filaments, opening and lapping the melt filaments and conductive fibers to obtain filaments, weaving the filaments into a fabric precursor, and then carrying out hot rolling and shaping on the fabric precursor to obtain the conductive geotextile;
the modified filler comprises sodium polyacrylate, a first modified component, a second modified component and a third modified component, wherein the first modified component is short carbon fibers, silicon carbide whiskers or a mixture of the short carbon fibers and the silicon carbide whiskers, the second modified component is kaolin, montmorillonite or a mixture of the kaolin and the montmorillonite, and the third modified component is one or more of graphite powder, activated bamboo charcoal powder and paraffin; the sodium polyacrylate, the kaolin and the montmorillonite have synergistic effect to increase the breaking strength and the hardness of the fiber; the short carbon fiber and the silicon carbide whisker have conductivity, and the conductivity of the fabric can be improved by the single or synergistic effect of the short carbon fiber and the silicon carbide whisker; the graphite powder, the active bamboo charcoal powder and the paraffin are respectively used as a coloring agent and a softener, and belong to modification components which do not change the mechanical property and the electric conductivity of the fiber and do not reduce the existing mechanical property and the existing electric conductivity of the fiber.
The processing aid comprises di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a first aid component and a second aid component, wherein the first aid component is modified carbon black, modified tourmaline powder or a mixture of the modified carbon black and the modified tourmaline powder, and the second aid component is stearic acid or stearate.
The di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate can improve the stability of the product; the modified carbon black, the modified tourmaline powder or the mixture of the modified carbon black and the modified tourmaline powder can effectively increase the temperature sensitivity of the geotextile by coordination or single action; the stearic acid or stearate serving as a plasticizer and a stabilizer can ensure that the modified filler and the processing aid can effectively play a role.
Experiments show that the prepared fabric is poor in performance and difficult to be used as geotextile for paving the roadbed only by using medical plastic waste as a raw material. The modified filler and the processing aid are added to improve the medical plastic waste, and the fabric obtained by jointly treating the modified filler, the processing aid and the medical plastic waste has good performance and can be used for paving a roadbed. Meanwhile, the conductive fibers are adopted, so that the conductive performance of the fabric is improved, and the mechanical property of the fabric can be further improved, so that the fabric prepared by the method is more suitable for paving a roadbed.
In order to more uniformly mix the ingredients of the processing aid and thereby ensure the performance of the electrically conductive geotextile, in one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, the first aid component, is added to a solution of the second aid component, mixed uniformly and then dried. The components can be dispersed more uniformly through the solution, thereby ensuring more uniform mixing.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature of the masterbatch obtained by melt extrusion is 160-200 ℃.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the process of drawing the melt into melt filaments is: after cooling by the circular air blow, drawing by an air drawing machine.
In this series of examples, the parameters of the process of drawing the melt into melt filaments were: the cooling temperature of circular blowing is 20-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-70%, the wind pressure is 350-500 Pa, the wind speed is 0.35-0.4 m/s, the transverse wind speed range is less than 15%, the drafting pressure of compressed air is 0.35-0.45 MPa, and the drafting speed is 28.5-28.7 m/min.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the electrically conductive fibers are carbon fibers, steel-plastic fibers, or electrically conductive whiskers.
In this series of embodiments, the carbon fiber or steel plastic fiber is at least one bundle.
In the series of embodiments, the conductive whiskers have a diameter of 0.2-1 μm and a length of 5-15 μm.
In this series of examples, the conductive whisker is a tetrapod-like zinc oxide whisker, a potassium titanate whisker, an aluminum borate whisker, or a calcium carbonate whisker.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the weaving of the filaments into a fabric precursor is done with a low front and a high back negative pressure exhaust. In the series of embodiments, the front air pressure is 1350-1450 Pa, and the rear air pressure is 1550-1660 Pa.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the hot roll forming process comprises: heating to 140-150 ℃ for preheating, and then heating to 230-240 ℃ for shaping.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electrically conductive geotextile based on medical waste, which is obtained by the above-mentioned method.
In a third embodiment of the invention, the application of the conductive geotextile based on the medical waste in roadbed reinforcement, pavement maintenance or isolation and protection of hydraulic buildings is provided.
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
And fully and uniformly grinding 35 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 10 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 15 parts of kaolin and 40 parts of activated bamboo charcoal powder to obtain the modified filler. Adding 35 parts of modified carbon black and 40 parts of DOP into 10 parts of calcium stearate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 4%, fully stirring, drying, and grinding into a uniform powdery mixture to obtain the processing aid. The medical plastic waste is TPE. The conductive material is 3 bundles of carbon fibers.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) the medical plastic waste is disinfected and then crushed to obtain the medical plastic waste crushed material.
(2) According to the weight portion, 70 portions (mass portion) of waste crushed material, 6 portions (mass portion) of modified filler and 9 portions (mass portion) of processing aid are fully blended to obtain a uniform mixture, and the mixture is melted and extruded by a parallel double-screw extruder at 160-165 ℃ to prepare master batch. Wherein the screw temperature of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the temperature in the first zone was 165 deg.C, the temperature in the second zone 164 deg.C, the temperature in the third zone 164 deg.C, the temperature in the fourth zone 162 deg.C and the temperature in the fifth zone 160 deg.C.
(3) And (3) fully drying the master batch in a dryer, taking out, and performing melt extrusion through a novel screw extruder to obtain a melt extrudate.
(4) Filtering the melt extrudate, feeding the melt extrudate into a spinning machine, drawing the melt extrudate into melt filaments under the action of a metering pump and a spinning assembly, controlling the cooling temperature of circular blowing at 20 ℃, controlling the relative humidity range at 55%, controlling the wind pressure at 400pa, controlling the wind speed at 0.35m/s, controlling the transverse wind speed range to be less than 15%, drawing the melt extrudate through an air drawing device after cooling the circular blowing, controlling the drawing pressure of compressed air at 0.38MPa, and controlling the drawing speed at 28.6 m/min.
(5) And (3) opening and mixing the melt filaments with 15 parts of three bundles of carbon fibers, feeding the mixture into a silk swinging machine at a speed of 23.5m/min by a carding machine, and lapping to obtain filaments.
(6) And (3) carrying out air exhaust on the filaments in a mode of low front and high back negative pressure, ensuring that the air pressure of a front fan is controlled to be 1350-1450 Pa and the air pressure of a back fan is controlled to be 1550-1660 Pa, and weaving the filaments into a fabric precursor in a web former.
(7) And (3) carrying out high-temperature hot rolling and shaping on the fabric precursor in a double-roller hot rolling mill to obtain the conductive geotextile. The hot rolling shaping mode is as follows: the non-woven fabric is preheated to 145 ℃, and then is shaped and heated to 236 ℃.
Example 2
This example is the same as the preparation of example 1, except that: 75 parts by mass of medical plastic waste, 18 parts by mass of conductive material, 8 parts of modified filler and 11 parts of processing aid are adopted. The medical plastic waste is a mixture of HDPE and TPE. The conductive material is a tetrapod-like zinc oxide whisker with the characteristic parameter diameter of 0.2-1 mu m and the length of 5-15 mu m. The modified filler is a mixture of 35 parts by mass of sodium polyacrylate, 10 parts by mass of short carbon fibers, 15 parts by mass of montmorillonite and 40 parts by mass of graphite powder which are fully and uniformly ground. The processing aid is 35 parts by mass of modified tourmaline powder and 40 parts by mass of DOP, and the modified tourmaline powder and the DOP are added into 10 parts by mass of stearic acid solution with mass percent concentration of 4% and are fully stirred, dried and ground into uniform powdery mixture.
Example 3
This example is the same as the preparation of example 1, except that: 78 parts of medical plastic waste, 20 parts of conductive material, 10 parts of modified filler and 15 parts of processing aid are adopted. The medical plastic waste is a mixture of HDPE and TPE. The conductive material is calcium carbonate whisker with the characteristic parameter diameter of 0.2-1 μm and the length of 5-12 μm. The modified filler is a mixture of 35 parts by mass of sodium polyacrylate, 10 parts by mass of short carbon fibers, 15 parts by mass of montmorillonite and 40 parts by mass of graphite powder which are fully and uniformly ground. The processing aid is 35 parts by mass of modified tourmaline powder and 40 parts by mass of DOP, and the modified tourmaline powder and the DOP are added into 10 parts by mass of stearic acid solution with mass percent concentration of 4% and are fully stirred, dried and ground into uniform powdery mixture.
Comparative example 1
The part of sodium polyacrylate in example 1 is changed into 25 parts, and the mixture ratio of the other components and the preparation process are unchanged from example 1.
Comparative example 2
The conductive geotextile based on medical waste and the preparation method thereof change the part of the silicon carbide whiskers in the example 1 into 5 parts, and the mixture ratio of the other components and the preparation process are unchanged as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The part of the modified tourmaline powder in the embodiment 2 is changed into 15 parts, and the mixture ratio of the other components and the preparation process are unchanged as the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 4
The medical waste-based conductive geotextile and the preparation method thereof change the part of the short carbon fiber in the example 2 into 5 parts, and the mixture ratio of the other components and the preparation process are unchanged from the example 2.
Conducting geotextile quality detection research:
material Strength test
The elongation tensile strength and the like of the material are estimated, and the weight and the thickness of each example and each comparative example are tested by using an electronic balance and a ruler thickness gauge, so that the gram weight and the thickness are not greatly influenced by the absence of a certain added material in each example and each comparative example. As shown in the table, the medical plastic waste, the conductive material, the modified filler and the processing aid in different proportions in examples 1, 2 and 3 cause no obvious regular changes in elongation, tensile strength, trapezoidal tear strength and CBR bursting strength. Whereas the absence of one or more of the materials of comparative examples 1-4 would have a significant strength effect on the geotextile.
The results of the tests of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 were shown in Table 1, according to national standard GB/T17639-.
TABLE 1 Strength test results of the materials of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4
Conductivity test
Knowing that the magnitude of conductivity is related to the magnitude of resistance, the resistance was measured using seebeck coefficient/resistance measurement system ZEM and further converted to conductance by resistance, where ZEM resistance measurements required the geotextile to be cut into strips and measured using a four-probe method, with the results shown in table 2. The silicon carbide whisker has high anisotropy in properties, and has excellent conductivity in a direction parallel to the basal plane and poor conductivity in a direction perpendicular to the basal plane. The magnitude of the fiber conductivity also has a relationship with the crystalline surface of the fiber: the fiber is not in perfect crystal structure, and the crystal surface of the fiber is in a disordered layer structure.
Table 2 results of conductivity tests of the materials of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
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Application publication date: 20200612 Assignee: Shandong Dekai New Foundation Engineering Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SHANDONG JIAOTONG University Contract record no.: X2023980054784 Denomination of invention: A conductive geotextile based on medical waste and its preparation method and application Granted publication date: 20210330 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20231230 |
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