CN111260139B - Optimization method of industrial circulating water system - Google Patents
Optimization method of industrial circulating water system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preferable method of an industrial circulating water system, which comprises the following steps: A. based on the real-time database and the steam turbine operation report, simulating the operation of the steam turbine to obtain steam turbine operation data; B. based on the operation data of the circulating water system and the fan, the circulating water system fan and the water cooling tower are optimally analyzed according to working conditions; C. based on working conditions, optimizing and analyzing the condenser, the circulating water and the steam turbine; D. and C, determining an optimization scheme based on the analysis results of the step B and the step C. The method can improve the operation optimization level of the circulating water system and has strong operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of industrial circulating water, in particular to a preferred method of an industrial circulating water system.
Background
For the circulating cooling water system, the cooling water is continuously circulated, and a series of problems are caused along with the increase and the decrease of the temperature, and the problems relate to the changes of water quantity, water quality, temperature and the like and related technical and economic aspects. Therefore, in order to improve the utilization rate of the circulating cooling water and reduce the energy consumption, the optimization of the industrial circulating cooling water system can be considered from the aspects of water saving and energy saving. The existing circulating water is energy-saving, the research is more that the minimum circulating water consumption is used as a target, and the water cooler connection mode is optimized based on the temperature difference of each water cooler, so that the circulating water consumption is optimized, or the operation pressure of a circulating water system is reduced through the operation mode of a water pump, so that the power consumption of the circulating water system is saved. The optimization scheme mainly aims at improvement and optimization, such as changing the parallel connection of the heat exchange flow of the water cooler into series connection. Or changing the existing water pump into a high-efficiency water pump according to actual requirements, or adjusting the optimal operation combination among the water pumps to ensure that the whole pump set is in an optimal operation state and ensure that each operation pump operates in a high-efficiency area. Because the water consumption of the circulating water system is determined by the process requirement, the circulating water pump uses fewer frequency converters, and the daily operation usually depends on the experience of operators, and the water pump is difficult to ensure to operate in an optimal area, so that the actual factory operation has certain difficulty and is mainly realized through transformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides a preferable method of an industrial circulating water system, wherein the circulating water system and the turbine set are used as a large whole for system optimization under the condition of ensuring the steam and circulating water demand of a field device, namely, the circulating water temperature is reduced by increasing the fan of a water cooling tower, so that the vacuum degree of a turbine condenser is improved, the output and the power generation quantity of the turbine set are increased to the greatest extent, and good economic benefit and energy saving effect are brought to the whole enterprise circulating water system.
Through researches, the inventor of the invention discovers that the current method for researching more water conservation is to improve the concentration multiple of the circulating water, and the reduction of the operation power energy consumption of the circulating water system is critical from the aspect of energy conservation. In optimizing the circulating cooling water system, more researches are conducted on a part of the cooling water system, such as a circulating water pump, a cooling fan or a separate cooling tower, and improved methods are provided, but a feasible optimizing model is not established for the whole circulating cooling water system. In fact, all parts in the circulating cooling water system are mutually related, and the optimum operation condition of the circulating water system can not be found to the maximum extent from the independent study of the system or the optimization of a certain unit, so that the study of the optimum operation of the industrial circulating cooling water system needs to consider the system as a whole. The method is characterized in that a characteristic curve of the optimal operation mode of a water pump of the circulating water system under different turbine loads, condenser circulating water volumes and water temperatures is drawn according to a series of test data, a controller selects a reasonable operation mode of the circulating water system according to the characteristic curve, the method is rough, and a long time is taken for measuring the characteristic curve.
The invention adopts nonlinear programming, dynamic programming and other methods to study the optimal operation of the circulating water system, and solves the optimal operation mode of the circulating water system on line in real time, namely determines the optimal operation combination and flow distribution. Specifically, the invention is mainly researched from the aspect of energy-saving operation of circulating cooling water, and aims at the problems of the actual operation condition of a turbine, the operation characteristics of a condenser, the mutual influence and the coordinated operation of the turbine, so as to find out the mutual association and the restriction relation between the condenser and the condenser, and the invention is realized through a specific engineering example.
The invention comprehensively considers the influences of the running conditions of the fan, the steam turbine and the condenser of the circulating water system and the weather conditions, and divides the circulating water system and the steam turbine into three working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer to carry out energy-saving analysis as a large whole, fully excavates the actual running conditions of the fan and the steam turbine, has the running characteristics of the condenser and the mutual influence thereof, has strong operability, and is more in line with the actual condition of a factory. In addition, each component unit of the circulating water system is fully considered, the vacuum degree of the steam turbine condenser is improved by increasing the temperature of the circulating water inlet by increasing the fan, the output of the unit is increased to the maximum extent, the power generation quantity is increased, the operation optimization level of the circulating water system is improved, and the circulating water system achieves benefits on the whole.
To this end, the invention provides a preferred method of an industrial circulating water system comprising the steps of:
A. based on the real-time database and the steam turbine operation report, simulating the operation of the steam turbine to obtain steam turbine operation data;
B. based on the operation data of the circulating water system and the fan, the circulating water system fan and the water cooling tower are optimally analyzed according to working conditions;
C. based on working conditions, optimizing and analyzing the condenser, the circulating water and the steam turbine;
D. and C, determining an optimization scheme based on the analysis results of the step B and the step C.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the invention, the step a comprises the steps of:
a1, collecting a steam turbine report and real-time database data under a stable working condition;
and A2, accounting the steam turbine according to different working conditions, and checking, correcting and supplementing data obtained by the steam turbine report form and the real-time database.
According to some embodiments of the optimizing method of the present invention, the step A1 of collecting the turbine report and the real-time database data of the stable working condition includes one or more of an intake air amount, an extraction air amount, a flow rate, a temperature, a pressure and an electric power generation amount.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the present invention, the obtaining the turbine operation data in the step a includes one or more of turbine power generation, condenser vacuum, condensate temperature, condensate volume, steam inlet temperature, steam exhaust temperature, extraction volume, and gas consumption.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the invention, the step B comprises the steps of:
b1, determining a fan operation optimization calculation benchmark according to annual operation data of the fan and the steam turbine;
and B2, simulating and calculating the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower under different working conditions by using a fan start-stop simulation model.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the invention, the step B1 comprises: and carrying out optimization analysis according to the annual operation data of the operation of the fan and the turbine in winter, spring and autumn and summer.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the invention, the step B2 comprises: and simulating and calculating the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower under three working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer by using a circulating water system fan start-stop simulation model.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the invention, the step C comprises the steps of:
c1, analyzing the vacuum degree of a condenser and the temperature of a circulating water inlet under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer;
and C2, calculating the inlet temperature of the circulating water and the power generation capacity of the steam turbine by using the model under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the invention, the step D comprises the steps of: and C, determining the optimal scheme of the whole circulating water system in winter, spring, autumn and summer based on the analysis results of the step B and the step C.
According to some embodiments of the optimization method of the present invention, the preferred scheme includes one or more of a fan start-stop number, a condenser vacuum, a condenser outlet temperature, a circulating water inlet, a circulating water outlet temperature, a turbine power generation amount, and an optimization generated benefit.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a preferred method of an industrial circulating water system may comprise the steps of:
A. based on a real-time database and a turbine operation report, simulating the operation condition of the turbine by utilizing the steam inlet and steam extraction quantity, temperature and pressure data of the turbine, and obtaining data such as the generated energy of the turbine, the vacuum degree of a condenser, the temperature of condensed water and the like;
B. based on three basic working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer, carrying out optimization analysis on the start-stop condition of a fan of a circulating water system and the water outlet temperature of a water cooling tower;
C. based on three basic working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer, the vacuum degree of the condenser, the inlet temperature of the circulating water and the generating capacity of the steam turbine are optimized and analyzed;
D. on the basis of the analysis of the changes of the start and stop of a fan of a circulating water system, the temperature of a circulating water inlet and outlet, the vacuum degree of a condenser and the generating capacity of a steam turbine, an optimization scheme is determined in winter, spring and autumn and summer respectively.
Preferably, the step a may include the steps of:
a1, collecting a steam turbine report form and real-time database data under stable working conditions, wherein the steam turbine report form mainly comprises flow, temperature, pressure and power generation capacity;
and A2, checking, correcting and supplementing data obtained by the turbine report form and the real-time database aiming at different working conditions.
Preferably, the step B may include the steps of:
b1, according to the running conditions of the fan and the steam turbine, the annual running conditions of the fan and the steam turbine are counted, and three working conditions including winter, spring, autumn and summer are determined to carry out overall optimization analysis;
and B2, using a fan start-stop condition simulation model to simulate and calculate the change condition of the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower along with the start-up of the fan under three working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer.
Preferably, the step C may include the steps of:
c1, analyzing the relation between the vacuum degree of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water inlet under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer;
and C2, calculating the relation between the inlet temperature of the circulating water and the power generation capacity of the steam turbine by using a model under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer.
Preferably, the step D may include the steps of: and B, determining the number of start and stop of the fans, the vacuum degree of the condenser, the outlet temperature of the condenser, the inlet temperature of the circulating water, the outlet temperature of the circulating water, the generating capacity of the steam turbine and the benefits generated by optimizing in the whole circulating water system in winter, spring, autumn and summer according to the step B and the step C.
On the basis of simulating and analyzing the running conditions of a fan, a steam turbine and a condenser of the circulating water system, the circulating water system and the steam turbine set are used as a large whole for system optimization, namely, the vacuum degree of the condenser of the steam turbine is improved by optimizing the start and stop of the fan and reducing the temperature of the inlet of the circulating water, so that the output and the power generation of the set are increased to the greatest extent, the operation optimization level of the circulating water system is improved, and the circulating water system achieves benefits on the whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a circulating water system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a steam turbine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simulation model of a fan according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a condenser model according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the vacuum degree and the circulating water inlet temperature in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the circulating water inlet temperature and the power generation amount in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the scope of application of the invention.
[ example 1 ]
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of an enterprise circulating water system, wherein the circulating water system is an open type circulating cooling water system and is provided with 5 circulating water pumps, 8 fans and 8 cooling towers, the cooling towers are exhaust type mechanical ventilation type cooling towers, and the main users are 2 extra-high pressure double-extraction condensing steam turbines with the power of 100MW and steam turbine auxiliary equipment thereof. The main task of the 2 turbines is to convert the ultrahigh-pressure steam (11.6 MPa) generated by the boiler into electric energy by the turbines, and the electric energy is discharged into the condenser after the high-pressure steam works, the condenser takes circulating water as a cooling medium, and the condenser condensed water is reused as water replenishing to the boiler. The operation of the fan of the circulating water system is adjusted along with the seasonal change, the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the circulating water is changed between 4.93 ℃ and 6.48 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the circulating water system has great influence on the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine.
The invention relates to an optimization method of an industrial circulating water system, which comprises the following steps of:
the first step: based on the real-time database and the turbine operation report, the turbine operation is simulated, and turbine operation data is obtained.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the steam turbine, as shown in FIG. 2, the first section of the steam turbine extracts 3.69MPaG medium-pressure steam for external supply, the second section extracts 1.83MPaG steam for 2# high addition, the third section extracts low-pressure steam for 1# high addition, oxygen and external supply, the fourth, fifth and sixth sections extracts steam for 1# to 3# low addition respectively, and the rest high-pressure steam is discharged into a condenser after working, the condenser discharges steam in vacuum of-95.4 kPa, and the steam discharge pressure is 5.9kPa. Condensed water of the condenser is used as boiler water supply after being respectively subjected to low-heating, deoxidizing gas and high-heating.
The method comprises the following steps:
and (I) collecting turbine reports and actual operation data under stable working conditions for 10 months.
And (II) simulating different working conditions of the steam turbine, and checking, correcting and supplementing the running data of the steam turbine.
Accounting is carried out on the steam turbine aiming at different working conditions, so that relevant data information of the steam turbine, such as steam consumption, primary steam extraction, secondary steam extraction, tertiary steam extraction, steam inlet temperature, steam exhaust temperature, generated energy, condensate water temperature, condenser vacuum degree and the like, and circulating water inlet temperature and condensate water outlet temperature are obtained, and the data are shown in Table 1.
And a second step of: based on fan operation data of the circulating water system, the circulating water system fan and the water cooling tower are optimally analyzed according to working conditions.
Based on the running conditions of the circulating water system and the fans, the water outlet temperatures of the fans and the water cooling towers of the circulating water system are optimally analyzed under three working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer, namely, the opening conditions of the fans are optimally analyzed.
And (I) determining a fan operation optimization calculation benchmark according to the actual operation condition of the fan.
Because the temperature is low in winter, the circulating water system is not started for 10 days in winter, and the average starting days are 1 day; the average number of fans started in spring and autumn is 3/day; the summer weather is hotter, and the average number of fans on is 7/day.
And secondly, simulating and calculating the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower under different working conditions by using a fan start-stop simulation model.
Fig. 3 is a fan simulation model (fan start-stop condition simulation model), and the simulation calculation results are shown in table 2. And calculating the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower according to the opening condition of the fan. For example, when 3 fans are started in spring and autumn, the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower is 27.72 ℃, and when 8 fans are started, the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower is 21.09 ℃.
TABLE 2
And a third step of: and (3) carrying out optimization analysis on the condenser, the circulating water and the steam turbine based on the working conditions.
Based on the running conditions of the circulating water system and the fan, the relation between the vacuum degree of the condenser and the temperature of the inlet of the circulating water is analyzed by using the condenser model in FIG. 4. As shown in fig. 5, the lower the temperature of the circulating water inlet, the lower the turbine exhaust pressure, i.e. the higher the condenser vacuum, the condenser vacuum is taken as the abscissa, and the lower the circulating water inlet temperature, i.e. the condenser vacuum is, as shown by the analysis of the graph by taking the spring working condition data as an example.
And secondly, calculating the relation between the inlet temperature of the circulating water and the generating capacity of the steam turbine by using a model under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer. As shown in fig. 6, the turbine power generation amount is calculated and analyzed by taking the circulating water inlet temperature as an abscissa, and the lower the circulating water temperature is, the larger the difference between the steam inlet and the steam outlet of the turbine is, the larger the formed driving force is, and the higher the turbine power generation amount is.
And by combining with the analysis of actual operation parameters, when the temperature of the circulating water inlet of the circulating water system is reduced by 1 ℃, the vacuum is increased by 0.56kPa, and the generated energy is increased by about 0.56 percent. Therefore, the vacuum degree of the condenser can be optimized by reducing the water supply temperature of the circulating water, so that the generating capacity of the steam turbine is improved, and benefits are generated.
Fourth step: and C, determining an optimization scheme based on the analysis results of the step B and the step C.
And determining an optimization scheme through analysis in the second step and the third step. Taking spring and autumn reference working conditions as an example, 3 fans are usually started in spring, the vacuum degree of a condenser is-95.8 kPa, the temperature of the condenser is 38.6 ℃, the inlet temperature of circulating water is 27.75 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the circulating water is 33.8 ℃. Through calculation and analysis, the opening of 3 fans can be optimized to be 8 fans. After optimization, as shown in Table 3, the vacuum degree of the turbine is increased by 1.7kPa, the inlet temperature of the circulating water is reduced by 6.66 ℃, and the power generation amount of the single turbine is increased by 731.92kW. The circulating water system can be started up for 4 fans in winter, can be started up for 5 fans in spring and autumn, and can be started up for 1 fan in summer, so that the water supply temperature of circulating water is reduced, the generating capacity of a steam turbine is improved, and benefits are brought to enterprises.
TABLE 3 Table 3
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and do not constitute any limitation of the present invention. The invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but it is understood that the words which have been used are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Modifications may be made to the invention as defined in the appended claims, and the invention may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention is described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, as the invention extends to all other means and applications which perform the same function.
Claims (7)
1. A preferred method of an industrial circulating water system comprising the steps of:
A. based on a real-time database and a steam turbine operation report, simulating the operation of a steam turbine to obtain steam turbine operation data, wherein the steam turbine operation data comprises one or more of steam turbine power generation amount, condenser vacuum degree, condensation water temperature, condensation water amount, steam inlet temperature, steam exhaust temperature, extraction air amount and air consumption;
B. based on the circulating water system and the operation data of the fans, the number of fans which are started and the corresponding outlet temperature of the water cooling tower are respectively determined aiming at three working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer;
C. based on working conditions, optimizing and analyzing the condenser, the circulating water and the steam turbine;
D. determining an optimization scheme based on the analysis results of the step B and the step C;
the step A comprises the following steps:
a1, collecting a steam turbine report and real-time database data under a stable working condition;
a2, accounting is carried out on the steam turbine aiming at different working conditions, and data obtained by the steam turbine report form and the real-time database are checked, corrected and supplemented;
and A1, collecting a steam turbine report and real-time database data of stable working conditions, wherein the steam turbine report and the real-time database data comprise one or more of air inflow, air extraction amount, flow, temperature, pressure and generated energy.
2. The optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the step B comprises the steps of:
b1, determining a fan operation optimization calculation benchmark according to annual operation data of the fan and the steam turbine;
and B2, simulating and calculating the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower under different working conditions by using a fan start-stop simulation model.
3. The optimization method according to claim 2, wherein the step B1 comprises: and carrying out optimization analysis according to the annual operation data of the operation of the fan and the turbine in winter, spring and autumn and summer.
4. The optimization method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the step B2 comprises: and simulating and calculating the outlet temperature of the water cooling tower under three working conditions of winter, spring, autumn and summer by using a circulating water system fan start-stop simulation model.
5. The optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step C comprises the steps of:
c1, analyzing the vacuum degree of a condenser and the temperature of a circulating water inlet under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer;
and C2, calculating the inlet temperature of the circulating water and the power generation capacity of the steam turbine by using the model under three working conditions of winter, spring and autumn and summer.
6. The optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step D comprises the steps of: and C, determining the optimal scheme of the whole circulating water system in winter, spring, autumn and summer based on the analysis results of the step B and the step C.
7. The optimization method according to claim 6, wherein the preferred scheme comprises one or more of a fan start-stop number, a condenser vacuum, a condenser outlet temperature, a circulating water inlet, a circulating water outlet temperature, a turbine power generation amount and an optimization generated benefit.
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