CN111250005A - Dealcoholization and layering method of surfactant - Google Patents
Dealcoholization and layering method of surfactant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250005A CN111250005A CN202010142257.6A CN202010142257A CN111250005A CN 111250005 A CN111250005 A CN 111250005A CN 202010142257 A CN202010142257 A CN 202010142257A CN 111250005 A CN111250005 A CN 111250005A
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- screw rod
- rod
- cleaning
- kettle body
- reaction kettle
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008266 hair spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/004—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor by means of a nozzle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
- B01J8/10—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/087—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by methods involving the use of tools, e.g. brushes, scrapers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a dealcoholization and layering method of a surfactant, wherein a reaction kettle adopted by the method comprises a kettle body, a top cover, a disturbance unit and a controller; the screw rod, the bracket, the shape rod and the cleaning plate are driven to rotate by the positive and negative rotation motor, so that the cleaning plate is repeatedly attached to the inner wall of the kettle body to rotate; the rotation of the cleaning plate repeatedly attached to the inner wall of the reaction kettle reduces the contact of materials and the inner wall of the reaction kettle, so that the probability of reactants adhering to the inner wall of the reaction kettle is reduced, the reaction speed is increased by stirring in the reaction kettle, and the attachments adhering to the inner wall of the reaction kettle are cleaned; meanwhile, the air bag between the two connecting rods is extruded by the two connecting rods, so that the air pressure in the air bag is increased, the catalyst in the air bag is sprayed out by high air pressure, and the reaction speed in the kettle body is accelerated by the catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a dealcoholization and layering method of a surfactant.
Background
The surfactant is a substance which is added in a small amount and can cause the interface state of a solution system to change obviously. Has fixed hydrophilic and lipophilic groups and can be directionally arranged on the surface of the solution. The molecular structure of the surfactant has amphipathy: one end is a hydrophilic group, and the other end is a hydrophobic group; the hydrophilic group is often a polar group, such as carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, amino or amino groups and salts thereof, hydroxyl, amide, ether linkages, and the like may also be used as the polar hydrophilic group; and the hydrophobic group is often a non-polar hydrocarbon chain, such as a hydrocarbon chain of 8 or more carbon atoms. The surfactant is divided into ionic surfactant (including cationic surfactant and anionic surfactant), nonionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, compound surfactant, other surfactants, etc.
A patent related to a dealcoholization and stratification technical scheme of a surfactant also appears in the prior art, and for example, a Chinese patent with the application number of 2017109527593 discloses a dealcoholization and stratification method of a surfactant, which comprises a crude methyl ester dealcoholization tower, a dealcoholization crude methyl ester stratification tank and a dealcoholization crude methyl ester storage tank which are sequentially connected; the crude methyl ester dealcoholization tower comprises a dealcoholization tower body, a heater, a liquid storage tank and a sprayer; the dealcoholization crude methyl ester layering tank comprises a dealcoholization crude methyl ester layering tank body, a chamber partition plate, a first concentration sensor, a second concentration sensor, a first valve and a second valve; the dealcoholized crude methyl ester storage tank comprises a dealcoholized crude methyl ester storage tank body and a sealing cover.
According to the technical scheme, the dealcoholization and layering method of the surfactant can enable operators to produce under the relatively simple and convenient operation, and meanwhile, each industrial parameter can be effectively adjusted, so that the operation flexibility is improved; however, in the technical scheme, the problem that the existing reaction kettle only can utilize a stirring rod to stir the raw materials when esterification and dealcoholization are carried out in the reaction kettle is not considered, and the mixture in the reaction kettle is easily adhered to the inner wall of the reaction kettle and the stirring rod in the stirring process, so that the smooth reaction is not facilitated, and the yield is influenced; meanwhile, when workers need to enter the reaction kettle for cleaning, the workload is high and the poisoning is easy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that reactants are adhered to the inner wall of a kettle body, workers need to enter the reaction kettle for cleaning, the workload is large and the poisoning is easy to occur, the dealcoholization and layering method of the surfactant is provided by the invention.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a dealcoholization and delamination method of a surfactant, which comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding the raw materials into the kettle body through a feed inlet of the reaction kettle, and heating the kettle body through a kettle body peripheral heating device, wherein the kettle body peripheral heating device is composed of a heating element, a heat insulation material and a heat insulation material;
s2, heating the reaction kettle by the kettle peripheral heating device, heating the materials in the reaction kettle and carrying out esterification reaction for 20-60 min;
s3, after the esterification reaction is finished, realizing quantitative and continuous water vapor delivery through a steam flow meter and an adjusting valve outside the reaction kettle, maintaining the temperature in the reaction kettle at 190-210 ℃, and the relative pressure of gas in the reaction kettle at less than or equal to-0.08 MPa, and carrying out dealcoholization reaction under the conditions for 15-35 min;
s4, after the dealcoholization reaction is finished, maintaining the temperature in the reaction kettle within the range of 180-200 ℃ and the relative pressure of the gas in the reaction kettle less than or equal to-0.08 MPa, continuously conveying water vapor into the reaction kettle, and directly contacting the wastewater with the water vapor to diffuse volatile toxic and harmful substances in the wastewater into the gas phase according to a certain proportion so as to achieve the purpose of separating pollutants from the wastewater, wherein the process is also called steam stripping; discharging a dealcoholized product from a discharge hole at the bottom of the reaction kettle after the steam stripping is finished, wherein the steam stripping reaction time is 20min-30 min;
s5, introducing the dealcoholized product discharged in the S4 into an alcohol layering device, and settling in the alcohol layering device, wherein a layering phenomenon can occur due to the existence of density difference;
the reaction kettle in the S1 comprises a kettle body, a top cover, a disturbance unit and a controller; the controller is used for controlling the reaction kettle to work; the kettle body is connected with the top cover through the matching of bolts and nuts; the bottom of the kettle body is symmetrically provided with discharge ports, and the discharge ports are connected with the alcohol layering device through communicating pipes; the top cover is provided with a feeding hole and a disturbance unit; the disturbance unit comprises a positive and negative rotation motor, a screw rod, a bracket, a shape rod, an installation block and a cleaning plate; the positive and negative rotation motor is fixedly connected with the center of the top cover, and an output shaft of the positive and negative rotation motor extends into the kettle body and is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod; the other end of the screw rod is in transmission connection with the bottom of the kettle body; the number of the mounting blocks is two, the mounting blocks are connected with the screw rod through screw rod nuts, and the two mounting blocks are enabled to move close to and away from each other on the screw rod through the rotation of a forward and reverse rotating motor; the brackets are symmetrically distributed on the screw rod, one end of each bracket is fixedly connected with the outer arc surface of the top of the screw rod, the other end of each bracket is hinged with one end of the shape rod, and the shape rod is bent in an initial state; the cleaning plate is fixedly connected with the other end of the rod, and the cleaning plate is attached to the inner wall of the kettle body; the screw rod, the bracket, the shape rod and the cleaning plate are driven to rotate through the rotation of the forward and reverse rotating motor, so that the inner wall of the reaction kettle is cleaned; when in use, the prepared raw materials are put into the kettle body through the feed inlet; starting a forward and reverse rotation motor, wherein the forward and reverse rotation motor rotates forwards first, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor drives a screw rod to rotate clockwise; under the action of the screw rod nut pair, the rotary motion of the screw rod is converted into linear motion; because the mounting block positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod is provided with the right-handed internal thread and the other mounting block is provided with the left-handed internal thread, when the screw rod rotates clockwise, the mounting blocks move away from each other; a pair of brackets fixedly connected to the screw rod drives the bent rod to rotate clockwise; the rotating rod drives the cleaning plate to be attached to the inner wall of the kettle body to rotate clockwise, and the cleaning plate cleans the inner wall of the kettle body for the first time; after the forward rotation of the forward and reverse rotation motor is finished, the motor starts to rotate reversely, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor drives the screw rod to rotate anticlockwise; under the action of the screw rod nut pair, the rotary motion of the screw rod is converted into linear motion; because the mounting block positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod is provided with the right-handed internal thread and the other mounting block is provided with the left-handed internal thread, when the screw rod rotates anticlockwise, the mounting blocks move close to each other; a pair of brackets fixedly connected to the screw rod drives the bent rod to rotate anticlockwise; the rotating rod drives the cleaning plate to be attached to the inner wall of the kettle body to rotate anticlockwise, and the cleaning plate cleans the inner wall of the kettle body again; the screw rod, the bracket, the shape rod and the cleaning plate are driven to rotate by a positive and negative rotation motor, so that the cleaning plate is repeatedly attached to the inner wall of the kettle body to rotate; the rotation that the clearance board laminated cauldron internal wall repeatedly has reduced the contact of material with the reation kettle inner wall for the probability of reactant adhesion on cauldron internal wall reduces, and stir in the reation kettle and accelerate reaction rate and clear up the attachment of adhesion on the reation kettle inner wall simultaneously.
Preferably, a spraying unit is arranged between the adjacent mounting blocks; the eruption unit comprises an air bag and a connecting rod; the number of the connecting rods is at least two, one ends of the two connecting rods are hinged with each other, and the other ends of the two connecting rods are hinged to the mounting block respectively; the air bag is fixedly connected between the two connecting rods, and a catalyst is filled in the air bag; the connecting rods extrude the air bags through the approaching and separating movement of the mounting blocks, and the catalysts in the air bags are sprayed out to accelerate the reaction speed; when doing close motion between two installation pieces, distance is more and more littleer between two connecting rods, gasbag between two connecting rods will receive the extrusion of two connecting rods, make gasbag internal gas pressure increase, the high atmospheric pressure erupts the catalyst in the gasbag out, because the gasbag is symmetric distribution, when the gasbag erupts the catalyst simultaneously, the catalyst that both sides were erupted and is sent will collide and make the catalyst disperse more at the cauldron internal, simultaneously because the clearance board rotates and shape pole rotates the air current that produces at the internal wall of laminating cauldron, make the internal portion of cauldron all disperse everywhere there is the catalyst, thereby the internal reaction rate of cauldron has been accelerated greatly to the catalyst that disperses everywhere between catalyst and the reactant area of contact.
Preferably, a top block is arranged above the mounting block positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod; the ejector block is connected with the screw rod through a screw rod nut and is a circular table with the diameter larger than that of the mounting block; the shape rod is made of elastic material; the top block pushes the bent rod straight through the up-and-down movement of the top block; the positive and negative rotation motor rotates to drive the screw rod to rotate, and the ejector block converts the rotary motion of the screw rod into linear motion under the side effect of a screw rod nut so that the ejector block can move up and down on the screw rod; when the positive and negative rotation motor rotates positively to drive the screw rod to rotate positively, the ejector block rises along the screw rod and is in contact with the bent rod, and when the ejector block moves to a certain position on the screw rod, the bent rod is ejected straight; the ejector block pushes the shape rod straight to avoid the collision of the connecting rod with the cleaning ring and the shape rod in a rotating state.
Preferably, the outer rings of the shape rods are provided with a first cleaning unit; the first cleaning unit comprises a cleaning ring and a first spring; the cleaning ring and the first spring are sleeved on the rod; the lower surface of the cleaning ring is in contact with the upper end surface of the top block, and the cleaning ring cannot fall down when the shape rod is bent; one end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the surface of the cleaning plate far away from the inner wall of the kettle body; the shape rod is pushed straight by the jacking block, and the cleaning ring falls under the action of gravity and cleans the shape rod; the cleaning ring sleeved on the outer ring of the rod is far away from the top block because the bent rod is pushed straight, and falls along the rod under the action of gravity because of no obstruction of the top block; the cleaning ring falls to a certain height to compress the first spring, and when the first spring is compressed to the lowest point, the first spring restores elastic deformation and ejects the cleaning ring back along the annular rod; the clearance ring clearance shape pole surface, the clearance ring moves and to appear when certain position on the pole with straight shape pole bending final clearance ring fall the kicking block upper surface and can not fall again, and the cooperation between clearance ring and the spring can reduce the probability that the reactant adhesion was to the shape pole again can be many times to shape pole surface clearance.
Preferably, a second cleaning unit is arranged on the surface, far away from the inner wall of the kettle body, of the cleaning plate; the second cleaning unit comprises a first magnet, a second cleaning magnet and a second spring; the first magnet is fixedly connected with the other end of the first spring, and the magnetism of the first magnet is the same as that of the second cleaning magnet; the second cleaning magnet is fixedly connected in a groove formed in the surface of the cleaning plate through a second spring; the second cleaning magnet is matched with the first cleaning magnet in position, and the surface of the cleaning plate is cleaned by the second cleaning magnet; the first magnet is contacted with the cleaning ring and compresses the first spring along with the cleaning ring due to the falling of the cleaning ring; the first magnet and the second cleaning magnet are positioned on the same plane when the first spring is compressed to the lowest position; because like poles repel each other the principle between the magnet, No. two clearance magnets will slide to keeping away from a magnet one side along the recess on the clearance board, and No. two clearance magnets can be linked firmly No. two springs on No. two clearance magnets and pull back when moving the farthest, and No. two clearance magnets will be reciprocating motion on the clearance board, and No. two clearance magnets and a magnet, No. two springs cooperate and can reduce the probability that the reactant adhesion can again clear up the clearance board upper surface many times.
Preferably, the cross section of the communicating pipe is spiral; the communicating pipe is designed into a spiral shape, so that substances discharged from the discharge port are led into the alcohol layering device more stably and smoothly, and are not easy to block, and meanwhile, due to the stable discharge of the spiral design, the noise generated during discharge is smaller.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the dealcoholization and layering method for the surfactant, the screw rod, the support, the shape rod and the cleaning plate are driven to rotate through the forward and reverse rotating motor, so that the cleaning plate is attached to the inner wall of the kettle body to rotate repeatedly, the contact between materials and the inner wall of the reaction kettle is reduced due to the repeated rotation of the cleaning plate attached to the inner wall of the kettle body, the probability of reactants adhering to the inner wall of the kettle body is reduced, the reaction speed is increased by stirring in the reaction kettle, the inner wall of the kettle body is cleaned by cleaning the attachments adhering to the inner wall of the reaction kettle, the inner wall of the reaction kettle is prevented from being cleaned manually, the personnel safety is ensured, and the production cost is saved.
2. According to the dealcoholization and layering method for the surfactant, the air bag between the two connecting rods is extruded by the two connecting rods through the similar movement between the mounting blocks, so that the air pressure in the air bag is increased, the catalyst in the air bag is sprayed out by high air pressure, and meanwhile, the catalyst is dispersed in each part in the kettle body due to airflow generated by the rotation of the cleaning plate attached to the inner wall of the kettle body and the rotation of the shape rod, so that the contact area between the catalyst and a reactant is enlarged by dispersing the catalyst in each part, and the reaction speed in the kettle body is greatly increased.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a reaction vessel used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of a reaction vessel used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
in the figure: the device comprises a kettle body 1, a discharge hole 11, a communicating pipe 12, a top cover 2, a feed inlet 21, a forward and reverse rotating motor 31, a screw rod 32, a support 33, a rod 34, an installation block 35, a cleaning plate 36, an air bag 51, a connecting rod 52, a top block 6, a cleaning ring 71, a first spring 72, a first magnet 81, a second cleaning magnet 82 and a second spring 83
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the dealcoholization and stratification method of a surfactant according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1, feeding the raw materials into the kettle body through a feed inlet of the reaction kettle, and heating the kettle body through a kettle body peripheral heating device, wherein the kettle body peripheral heating device is composed of a heating element, a heat insulation material and a heat insulation material;
s2, heating the reaction kettle by the kettle peripheral heating device, heating the materials in the reaction kettle and carrying out esterification reaction for 20-60 min;
s3, after the esterification reaction is finished, realizing quantitative and continuous water vapor delivery through a steam flow meter and an adjusting valve outside the reaction kettle, maintaining the temperature in the reaction kettle at 190-210 ℃, and the relative pressure of gas in the reaction kettle at less than or equal to-0.08 MPa, and carrying out dealcoholization reaction under the conditions for 15-35 min;
s4, after the dealcoholization reaction is finished, maintaining the temperature in the reaction kettle at 180-200 ℃ and the relative pressure of the gas in the reaction kettle at-0.08 MPa or less, continuously conveying water vapor into the reaction kettle, and directly contacting the wastewater with the water vapor to diffuse volatile toxic and harmful substances in the wastewater into the gas phase according to a certain ratio, so as to achieve the purpose of separating pollutants from the wastewater, wherein the process is also called stripping; discharging a dealcoholized product from a discharge hole at the bottom of the reaction kettle after the steam stripping is finished, wherein the steam stripping reaction time is 20min-30 min;
s5, introducing the dealcoholized product discharged in the S4 into an alcohol layering device, and settling in the alcohol layering device, wherein a layering phenomenon can occur due to the existence of density difference;
the reaction kettle in S1 comprises a kettle body 1, a top cover 2, a disturbance unit 3 and a controller; the controller is used for controlling the reaction kettle to work; the kettle body 1 is connected with the top cover 2 through bolt and nut matching; the bottom of the kettle body 1 is symmetrically provided with discharge ports 11, and the discharge ports 11 are connected with the alcohol layering device 4 through communicating pipes 12; the top cover 2 is provided with a feeding hole 21 and a disturbance unit 3; the disturbance unit 3 comprises a positive and negative rotation motor 31, a screw rod 32, a bracket 33, a shape rod 34, an installation block 35 and a cleaning plate 36; the positive and negative rotation motor 31 is fixedly connected with the center of the top cover 2, and an output shaft of the positive and negative rotation motor 31 extends into the kettle body 1 and is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod 32; the other end of the screw rod 32 is in transmission connection with the bottom of the kettle body 1; the number of the mounting blocks 35 is two, the mounting blocks 35 are connected with the screw rod 32 through screw rod nuts, and the two mounting blocks 35 move close to and away from each other on the screw rod 32 through the rotation of the forward and reverse rotating motor 31; the brackets 33 are symmetrically distributed on the screw rod 32, one end of each bracket 33 is fixedly connected with the outer arc surface of the top of the screw rod 32, the other end of each bracket 33 is hinged with one end of the corresponding shape rod 34, and the shape rods 34 are bent in the initial state; the cleaning plate 36 is fixedly connected with the other end of the rod 34, and the cleaning plate 36 is attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1; the screw rod 32, the bracket 33, the shape rod 34 and the cleaning plate 36 are driven to rotate by the rotation of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31, so that the inner wall of the reaction kettle is cleaned; when in use, the prepared raw materials are put into the kettle body 1 through the feed inlet 21; starting the forward and reverse rotation motor 31, wherein the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 rotates forward first, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 drives the screw rod 32 to rotate clockwise; under the action of the screw rod nut pair, the rotary motion of the screw rod 32 is converted into linear motion; because the mounting block 35 positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod 32 is provided with right-handed internal threads, and the other mounting block 35 is provided with left-handed internal threads, when the screw rod 32 rotates clockwise, the mounting blocks 35 move away from each other; a pair of brackets 33 fixedly connected to the screw rod 32 drives the bent rod 34 to rotate clockwise; the rotating rod 34 drives the cleaning plate 36 to be attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate clockwise, and the cleaning plate 36 cleans the inner wall of the kettle body 1 for one time; after the forward rotation of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 is finished, the motor starts to rotate reversely, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 drives the screw rod 32 to rotate anticlockwise; under the action of the screw rod nut pair, the rotary motion of the screw rod 32 is converted into linear motion; because the mounting block 35 positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod 32 is provided with right-handed internal threads, and the other mounting block 35 is provided with left-handed internal threads, when the screw rod 32 rotates anticlockwise, the mounting blocks 35 do similar movement; a pair of brackets 33 fixedly connected to the screw rod 32 drives the bent rod 34 to rotate anticlockwise; the rotating rod 34 drives the cleaning plate 36 to be attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate anticlockwise, and the cleaning plate 36 cleans the inner wall of the kettle body 1 again; the screw rod 32, the bracket 33, the shape rod 34 and the cleaning plate 36 are driven to rotate by the forward and reverse rotating motor 31, so that the cleaning plate 36 is repeatedly attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate; the rotation that cleaning plate 36 laminated cauldron body 1 inner wall repeatedly has reduced the contact of material with the reation kettle inner wall for the probability of reactant adhesion on cauldron body 1 inner wall reduces, and stir in the reation kettle and accelerate reaction rate and clear up the attachment of adhesion on the reation kettle inner wall simultaneously.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a hair spray unit 5 is disposed between adjacent mounting blocks 35; the hair spray unit 5 comprises an air bag 51 and a connecting rod 52; the number of the connecting rods 52 is at least two, one ends of the two connecting rods 52 are hinged with each other, and the other ends of the two connecting rods 52 are respectively hinged on the mounting block 35; the air bag 51 is fixedly connected between the two connecting rods 52, and a catalyst is filled in the air bag 51; the connecting rod 52 extrudes the air bag 51 through the approaching and separating movement of the mounting blocks 35, and the catalyst in the air bag 51 is sprayed out to accelerate the reaction speed; when two installation pieces 35 do close movement, the distance between two connecting rods 52 is smaller and smaller, the air bag 51 between the two connecting rods 52 is extruded by the two connecting rods 52, the air pressure in the air bag 51 is increased, and the catalyst in the air bag 51 is sprayed out by high air pressure, because the air bag 51 is symmetrically distributed, when the air bag 51 sprays the catalyst at the same time, the catalyst sprayed out by two sides can collide to enable the catalyst to be more dispersed in the kettle body 1, and simultaneously, because the cleaning plate 36 rotates on the inner wall of the attached kettle body 1 and the air flow generated by the rotation of the shape rod 34, the catalyst is dispersed everywhere in the kettle body 1, and the contact area between the catalyst and a reactant is enlarged by the dispersed catalyst, so that the reaction speed in the kettle body 1 is greatly accelerated.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a top block 6 is disposed above the mounting block 35 located at the uppermost portion of the screw rod 32; the top block 6 is connected with the lead screw 32 through a lead screw nut, and the top block 6 is a circular truncated cone with the diameter larger than that of the mounting block 35; the profile rod 34 is made of an elastic material; by the up-and-down movement of the top block 6, the top block 6 straightens the curved bar 34; the positive and negative rotation motor 31 rotates to drive the screw rod 32 to rotate, and the ejector block 6 converts the rotary motion of the screw rod 32 into linear motion under the side effect of a screw rod nut, so that the ejector block 6 can move up and down on the screw rod 32; when the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 rotates forward to drive the screw rod 32 to rotate forward, the ejector block 6 rises along the screw rod 32 and contacts with the bent rod 34, and when the ejector block 6 moves to a certain position on the screw rod 32, the bent rod 34 is ejected straight; the top block 6 keeps the profile rod 34 straight and prevents the connecting rod 52 from colliding with the cleaning ring 71 and the profile rod 34 in a rotating state.
As an embodiment of the invention, the outer rings of the shape rods 34 are provided with a number one cleaning unit 7; the first cleaning unit 7 comprises a cleaning ring 71 and a first spring 72; the cleaning ring 71 and the first spring 72 are sleeved on the rod 34; the lower surface of the cleaning ring 71 is contacted with the upper end surface of the top block 6, and the cleaning ring 71 cannot fall down when the shape rod 34 is bent; one end of the first spring 72 is fixedly connected with the surface of the cleaning plate 36 far away from the inner wall of the kettle body 1; the shape rod 34 is pushed straight by the top block 6, and the cleaning ring 71 falls under the action of gravity and cleans the shape rod 34; the cleaning ring 71 sleeved on the outer ring of the profile rod 34 is straightened due to the bent profile rod 34, the cleaning ring 71 is far away from the top block 6, and the cleaning ring 71 falls along the profile rod 34 under the action of gravity due to no obstruction of the top block 6; the cleaning ring 71 falls to a certain height to compress the first spring 72, and when the first spring 72 is compressed to the lowest point, the first spring 72 restores elastic deformation and ejects the cleaning ring 71 back along the rod 34; the cleaning ring 71 cleans the surface of the shape rod 34, when the cleaning ring 71 moves to a certain position on the shape rod 34, the straight shape rod 34 is bent, and finally the cleaning ring 71 falls on the upper surface of the top block 6 and cannot fall down, so that the matching between the cleaning ring 71 and the first spring 72 can reduce the probability that reactants are adhered to the shape rod 34 and can clean the surface of the shape rod 34 for many times.
As an embodiment of the invention, a second cleaning unit 8 is arranged on the surface of the cleaning plate 36 far away from the inner wall of the kettle body 1; the second cleaning unit 8 comprises a first magnet 81, a second cleaning magnet 82 and a second spring 83; the first magnet 81 is fixedly connected with the other end of the first spring 72, and the magnetism of the first magnet 81 is the same as that of the second cleaning magnet 82; the second cleaning magnet 82 is fixedly connected in a groove formed in the surface of the cleaning plate 36 through a second spring 83; the second cleaning magnet 82 cleans the surface of the cleaning plate 36 through the mutual matching between the positions of the second cleaning magnet 82 and the first magnet 81; the first magnet 81 is contacted with the cleaning ring 71 and compresses the first spring 72 along with the cleaning ring 71 when the cleaning ring 71 falls; the first magnet 81 and the second cleaning magnet 82 are positioned on the same plane when the first spring 72 is compressed to the lowest position; because like poles repel each other the principle between the magnet, No. two clearance magnets 82 will slide to keeping away from a magnet 81 one side along the recess on clearance board 36, No. two clearance magnets 82 can be linked firmly No. two springs 83 on No. two clearance magnets 82 when moving the farthest away and pull back, No. two clearance magnets 82 will be reciprocating motion on clearance board 36, No. two clearance magnets 82 and a magnet 81, No. two springs 83 cooperate and can reduce the probability that the reactant adhesion to clearance board 36 upper surface can again clear up clearance board 36 upper surface many times.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the communication pipe 12 has a spiral cross-sectional shape; the communicating pipe 12 is designed into a spiral shape, so that the substances discharged from the discharge port 11 are introduced into the alcohol layering device 4 more stably and smoothly, and blockage is not easy to occur, and simultaneously, the noise generated during discharge is smaller due to the stability of the discharge of the spiral design.
When in use, the prepared raw materials are put into the kettle body 1 through the feed inlet 21; starting the forward and reverse rotation motor 31, wherein the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 rotates forward first, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 drives the screw rod 32 to rotate clockwise; under the action of the screw rod nut pair, the rotary motion of the screw rod 32 is converted into linear motion; because the mounting block 35 positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod 32 is provided with right-handed internal threads, and the other mounting block 35 is provided with left-handed internal threads, when the screw rod 32 rotates clockwise, the mounting blocks 35 move away from each other; a pair of brackets 33 fixedly connected to the screw rod 32 drives the bent rod 34 to rotate clockwise; the rotating rod 34 drives the cleaning plate 36 to be attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate clockwise, and the cleaning plate 36 cleans the inner wall of the kettle body 1 for one time; after the forward rotation of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 is finished, the motor starts to rotate reversely, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 drives the screw rod 32 to rotate anticlockwise; under the action of the screw rod nut pair, the rotary motion of the screw rod 32 is converted into linear motion; because the mounting block 35 positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod 32 is provided with right-handed internal threads, and the other mounting block 35 is provided with left-handed internal threads, when the screw rod 32 rotates anticlockwise, the mounting blocks 35 do similar movement; a pair of brackets 33 fixedly connected to the screw rod 32 drives the bent rod 34 to rotate anticlockwise; the rotating rod 34 drives the cleaning plate 36 to be attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate anticlockwise, and the cleaning plate 36 cleans the inner wall of the kettle body 1 again; the screw rod 32, the bracket 33, the shape rod 34 and the cleaning plate 36 are driven to rotate by the forward and reverse rotating motor 31, so that the cleaning plate 36 is repeatedly attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate; the cleaning plate 36 is repeatedly attached to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 to rotate, so that the contact between materials and the inner wall of the reaction kettle is reduced, the probability that reactants are adhered to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 is reduced, the reaction speed is increased by stirring in the reaction kettle, and meanwhile, the attachments adhered to the inner wall of the reaction kettle are cleaned; when the two mounting blocks 35 do close movement, the distance between the two connecting rods 52 is smaller and smaller, the air bag 51 between the two connecting rods 52 is extruded by the two connecting rods 52, so that the air pressure in the air bag 51 is increased, and the catalyst in the air bag 51 is sprayed out by high air pressure, because the air bag 51 is symmetrically distributed, when the air bag 51 simultaneously sprays the catalyst, the catalyst sprayed out from two sides can collide to be more dispersed in the kettle body 1, and simultaneously, the catalyst is dispersed in each part in the kettle body 1 due to the airflow generated by the rotation of the cleaning plate 36 on the inner wall of the attached kettle body 1 and the rotation of the shape rod 34, the contact area between the catalyst and reactants is enlarged by dispersing the catalyst in each part, so that the reaction speed in the kettle body 1 is greatly increased; the positive and negative rotation motor 31 rotates to drive the screw rod 32 to rotate, and the ejector block 6 converts the rotary motion of the screw rod 32 into linear motion under the side effect of a screw rod nut, so that the ejector block 6 can move up and down on the screw rod 32; when the forward and reverse rotation motor 31 rotates forward to drive the screw rod 32 to rotate forward, the ejector block 6 rises along the screw rod 32 and contacts with the bent rod 34, and when the ejector block 6 moves to a certain position on the screw rod 32, the bent rod 34 is ejected straight; the jacking block 6 jacks the shape rod 34 to avoid the collision of the connecting rod 52 with the cleaning ring 71 and the shape rod 34 in a rotating state; the cleaning ring 71 sleeved on the outer ring of the profile rod 34 is straightened due to the bent profile rod 34, the cleaning ring 71 is far away from the top block 6, and the cleaning ring 71 falls along the profile rod 34 under the action of gravity due to no obstruction of the top block 6; the cleaning ring 71 falls to a certain height to compress the first spring 72, and when the first spring 72 is compressed to the lowest point, the first spring 72 restores elastic deformation and ejects the cleaning ring 71 back along the rod 34; the cleaning ring 71 cleans the surface of the shape rod 34, when the cleaning ring 71 moves to a certain position on the shape rod 34, the straight shape rod 34 is bent, and finally the cleaning ring 71 falls on the upper surface of the top block 6 and cannot fall down, so that the matching between the cleaning ring 71 and the first spring 72 can reduce the probability that reactants are adhered to the shape rod 34 and can clean the surface of the shape rod 34 for many times; the first magnet 81 is contacted with the cleaning ring 71 and compresses the first spring 72 along with the cleaning ring 71 when the cleaning ring 71 falls; the first magnet 81 and the second cleaning magnet 82 are positioned on the same plane when the first spring 72 is compressed to the lowest position; due to the principle that like poles repel each other, the second cleaning magnet 82 slides to the side far away from the first magnet 81 along the groove in the cleaning plate 36, the second cleaning magnet 82 is pulled back by a second spring 83 fixedly connected to the second cleaning magnet 82 when moving to the farthest position, the second cleaning magnet 82 reciprocates on the cleaning plate 36, and the second cleaning magnet 82 is matched with the first magnet 81 and the second spring 83, so that the probability that reactants are adhered to the upper surface of the cleaning plate 36 can be reduced, and the upper surface of the cleaning plate 36 can be cleaned for multiple times; the communicating pipe 12 is designed into a spiral shape, so that the substances discharged from the discharge port 11 are introduced into the alcohol layering device 4 more stably and smoothly, and blockage is not easy to occur, and simultaneously, the noise generated during discharge is smaller due to the stability of the discharge of the spiral design.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A dealcoholization and delamination method of a surfactant, characterized by comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding the raw materials into the kettle body through a feed inlet of the reaction kettle, and heating the kettle body through a kettle body peripheral heating device, wherein the kettle body peripheral heating device is composed of a heating element, a heat insulation material and a heat insulation material;
s2, heating the reaction kettle by the kettle peripheral heating device, heating the materials in the reaction kettle and carrying out esterification reaction for 20-60 min;
s3, after the esterification reaction is finished, realizing quantitative and continuous water vapor delivery through a steam flow meter and an adjusting valve outside the reaction kettle, maintaining the temperature in the reaction kettle at 190-210 ℃, and the relative pressure of gas in the reaction kettle at less than or equal to-0.08 MPa, and carrying out dealcoholization reaction under the conditions for 15-35 min;
s4, after the dealcoholization reaction is finished, maintaining the temperature in the reaction kettle at 180-200 ℃ and the relative pressure of the gas in the reaction kettle at-0.08 MPa or less, continuously conveying water vapor into the reaction kettle, and directly contacting the wastewater with the water vapor to diffuse volatile toxic and harmful substances in the wastewater into the gas phase according to a certain ratio, so as to achieve the purpose of separating pollutants from the wastewater, wherein the process is also called stripping; discharging a dealcoholized product from a discharge hole at the bottom of the reaction kettle after the steam stripping is finished, wherein the steam stripping reaction time is 20min-30 min;
s5, introducing the dealcoholized product discharged in the S4 into an alcohol layering device, and settling in the alcohol layering device, wherein a layering phenomenon can occur due to the existence of density difference;
the reaction kettle in the S1 comprises a kettle body (1), a top cover (2), a disturbance unit (3) and a controller; the controller is used for controlling the reaction kettle to work; the kettle body (1) is connected with the top cover (2) through the matching of bolts and nuts; the bottom of the kettle body (1) is symmetrically provided with discharge ports (11), and the discharge ports (11) are connected with the alcohol layering device (4) through communicating pipes (12); the top cover (2) is provided with a feeding hole (21) and a disturbance unit (3); the disturbance unit (3) comprises a forward and reverse rotation motor (31), a screw rod (32), a bracket (33), a shape rod (34), an installation block (35) and a cleaning plate (36); the positive and negative rotation motor (31) is fixedly connected with the center of the top cover (2), and an output shaft of the positive and negative rotation motor (31) extends into the kettle body (1) and is fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod (32); the other end of the screw rod (32) is in transmission connection with the bottom of the kettle body (1); the number of the mounting blocks (35) is two, the mounting blocks (35) are connected with the screw rod (32) through screw rod nuts, and the two mounting blocks (35) move close to and away from each other on the screw rod (32) through the rotation of the forward and reverse rotating motor (31); the brackets (33) are symmetrically distributed on the screw rod (32), one end of each bracket (33) is fixedly connected with the outer arc surface of the top of the screw rod (32), the other end of each bracket (33) is hinged with one end of the shape rod (34), and the shape rod (34) is bent in an initial state; the cleaning plate (36) is fixedly connected with the other end of the rod (34), and the cleaning plate (36) is attached to the inner wall of the kettle body (1); the screw rod (32), the bracket (33), the shape rod (34) and the cleaning plate (36) are driven to rotate by the rotation of the forward and reverse rotating motor (31), so that the inner wall of the reaction kettle is cleaned.
2. The dealcoholization and delamination method for a surfactant according to claim 1, comprising: a eruption unit (5) is arranged between the adjacent mounting blocks (35); the hair spray unit (5) comprises an air bag (51) and a connecting rod (52); the number of the connecting rods (52) is at least two, one ends of the two connecting rods (52) are hinged with each other, and the other ends of the two connecting rods (52) are hinged on the mounting block (35) respectively; the air bag (51) is fixedly connected between the two connecting rods (52), and a catalyst is filled in the air bag (51); the connecting rods (52) press the air bags (51) through the approaching and separating movement between the mounting blocks (35), and the catalyst in the air bags (51) is sprayed out to accelerate the reaction speed.
3. The dealcoholization and delamination method for a surfactant according to claim 1, comprising: a top block (6) is arranged above the mounting block (35) positioned at the uppermost part of the screw rod (32); the ejector block (6) is connected with the screw rod (32) through a screw rod nut, and the ejector block (6) is a circular table with the diameter larger than that of the mounting block (35); the shaped bar (34) is made of an elastic material; the top block (6) pushes the bent rod (34) straight through the up-and-down movement of the top block (6).
4. The dealcoholization and delamination method for a surfactant according to claim 3, comprising: the outer rings of the shape rods (34) are provided with a first cleaning unit (7); the first cleaning unit (7) comprises a cleaning ring (71) and a first spring (72); the cleaning ring (71) and the first spring (72) are sleeved on the rod (34); the lower surface of the cleaning ring (71) is in contact with the upper end surface of the top block (6), and the cleaning ring (71) cannot fall down when the shape rod (34) is bent; one end of the first spring (72) is fixedly connected with the surface of the cleaning plate (36) far away from the inner wall of the kettle body (1); the shape rod (34) is pushed straight by the pushing block (6), and the cleaning ring (71) falls under the action of gravity and cleans the shape rod (34).
5. The method for dealcoholizing and layering a surfactant according to claim 4, wherein: a second cleaning unit (8) is arranged on the surface of the cleaning plate (36) far away from the inner wall of the kettle body (1); the second cleaning unit (8) comprises a first magnet (81), a second cleaning magnet (82) and a second spring (83); the first magnet (81) is fixedly connected with the other end of the first spring (82), and the magnetism of the first magnet (81) is the same as that of the second cleaning magnet (82); the second cleaning magnet (82) is fixedly connected in a groove formed in the surface of the cleaning plate (36) through a second spring (83); through mutual cooperation between No. two clearance magnet (82) and a magnet (81) position, No. two clearance magnet (82) clearance board (36) surface.
6. The dealcoholization and delamination method for a surfactant according to claim 1, comprising: the cross section of the communicating pipe (12) is spiral.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010142257.6A CN111250005A (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Dealcoholization and layering method of surfactant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010142257.6A CN111250005A (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Dealcoholization and layering method of surfactant |
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| CN111250005A true CN111250005A (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112936629A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-06-11 | 李传八 | Production process of polypropylene biaxially oriented film |
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