CN111256147A - Domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and its treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and a treatment system thereof. The treatment system includes a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace, a waste heat utilization system, a flue gas purification system and a flue gas discharge system. The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace includes a pyrolysis gasification device, an incineration system and a secondary combustion chamber. The incineration system includes an incineration furnace chamber and a grate device. Connected, the incineration furnace is connected to the primary air inlet, the bottom of the incineration furnace is equipped with a grate device, the secondary combustion chamber is arranged above the pyrolysis gasification device, and is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification device, and the pyrolysis gasification device is provided with There is a secondary air inlet pipe on the feed inlet and the secondary combustion chamber. The invention has the advantages of continuous and stable pyrolysis and gasification, high thermal efficiency, cleaner flue gas discharged after pyrolysis and gasification, and reduced operation cost.

Description

Domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and its treatment system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of waste pyrolysis gasification treatment, in particular to a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and a treatment system thereof.

Background technique

At present, there are two main treatment methods in the field of domestic waste treatment: pyrolysis gasification and incineration:

1. Waste incineration generally adopts mechanical grate furnace or fluidized bed process incineration, which is to place domestic waste in an incinerator for high temperature incineration, and use the heat generated by incineration to generate electricity. This incineration method exists. Disadvantages of large equipment investment, high operating costs, large temperature changes, and difficulty in reaching emission standards:

(1) The garbage is disturbed greatly in the furnace, and a large amount of fly ash will be produced;

(2) The combustion of flue gas is incomplete, and the amount of dust particles carrying solid dioxins is large, resulting in high concentration of dioxins, high carbon monoxide escape rate, and high residual oxygen content after oxygen-enriched combustion, so it is easy to synthesize nitrogen oxides , sulfur dioxide and other pollutants, causing difficulties in later flue gas treatment and high operating costs;

(3) Since the drying, combustion and burning processes of the grate furnace are all completed on the grate, the grate area is large and the mechanical load of the grate is large;

(4) Drying, burning and burning are in the same chamber, and garbage drying is an endothermic process, resulting in relatively unstable temperature in the furnace;

(5) The equipment investment cost is high;

(6) Lack of independent secondary combustion chamber, unable to destroy pollutants such as hydrogen chloride and dioxin at high temperature;

2. Garbage pyrolysis and gasification is to keep the garbage in a closed and oxygen-deficient environment, and make it endothermic decomposition and gasification through the high temperature generated by the residual burning of the fixed carbon of the garbage. This process method (that is, the combustion of the garbage itself) has a stable temperature. It is very important, and the waste pyrolysis and gasification equipment currently on the market generally has instability problems in the combustion of waste after gasification, which will directly lead to the instability of pyrolysis and gasification. There are also problems with coking and slag.

In a patent titled a pyrolysis gasification treatment system based on a grate furnace (Patent No. CN110486728), although the name describes a pyrolysis gasification treatment system, it is not difficult to see according to its structural characteristics that its It is still an incineration treatment system, and its structural characteristics are as follows:

(1) Open furnace, the flue gas flows away directly;

(2) There is no oxygen-less, gasification process and independent secondary combustion chamber;

(3) The garbage directly enters the grate for incineration, and the fly ash generated by the disturbance of the garbage directly flows with the flue gas without any interception;

(4) Its only feature is that the temperature of part of the oxygen-less exhaust gas is used for drying, but it cannot change the characteristics of the incinerator, and will cause disturbance of the flue gas volume.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and a treatment system thereof, which solve one or more of the above-mentioned existing technical problems.

A domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace in the present invention includes a pyrolysis gasification device, a secondary combustion chamber and an incineration system. The incineration system includes an incineration furnace chamber and a grate device, and the pyrolysis and gasification device is arranged in the incineration furnace chamber. The top of the incineration furnace is connected with the incineration furnace, the incineration furnace is connected with the primary air inlet, the bottom of the incineration furnace is equipped with a grate device, and the second combustion chamber is arranged above the pyrolysis gasification device and communicated with the pyrolysis gasification device. The upper part of the degasification device is provided with a feed inlet, and the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a secondary air inlet pipe.

In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gasification device is composed of a cylinder and a furnace roller, the furnace roller is installed below the feed inlet, the secondary combustion chamber is in a cylinder structure, and the upper side of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with flue gas At the outlet, a number of secondary air inlet pipes are arranged at the lower part of the secondary air chamber, and the secondary air inlet pipes are arranged in a cyclone structure; a burner is installed on the secondary combustion chamber above the secondary air inlet pipe.

In some embodiments, the grate device is inclined, the high end of the grate device is provided with a feeding platform, the pyrolysis gasification device is installed above the feeding platform, and a feeding platform is provided on one side of the feeding platform The other side of the feeding platform is connected to the incineration furnace. The lower part of the grate device is equipped with a ash inlet air silo. The ash inlet air silo has a hollow inverted trapezoidal table structure. The upper port of the ash inlet silo and the grate device Connection, the bottom of the ash inlet silo is provided with an ash outlet, the ash inlet is provided with a first ash discharge valve, the primary air inlet is set on the side of the ash inlet silo, and passes through the upper part of the ash inlet silo. The mouth and the grate device are communicated with the incineration furnace, the lower end of the grate device is provided with a slag drop channel, and a slag discharge device is arranged below the slag drop channel.

In some embodiments, the slag tapping device includes a casing, a slag tapping drive device, a slag tapping driving link mechanism and a slag tapping push rod, the casing is U-shaped, the casing is connected to the slag tapping channel, and the shell is in a U-shape. The top of the body is provided with a slag outlet that communicates with the slag channel. The slag drive device, the slag drive link mechanism and the slag push rod are connected in sequence and installed on the side of the casing drive. The slag drive device and the slag drive The driving link mechanism is installed outside the casing, and the slag ejector rod is installed in the casing. The side opposite to the driving side of the casing is the non-driving side of the casing. Slag mouth.

In some embodiments, the grate device includes a grate support, a grate, a grate driving device, a grate pressing device and a material layer control device, the grate includes a moving grate piece and a static grate piece, and the moving grate piece The static and static grate pieces are arranged at row intervals, and primary air holes are provided on both the movable and static grate pieces. The grate support includes side wall panels, fixed beams, movable beams and brackets. There is a hollow layer in the middle of the side wall panels. , There are ventilation openings on the upper and lower sides of the hollow layer. The primary air inlet is connected to the incineration furnace through the upper opening and the ventilation opening, and is used to transport the primary air into the incineration furnace. The moving beam and the fixed beam are arranged at intervals, the static grate sheet is installed on the fixed beam, the moving grate sheet is installed on the moving beam, the grate pressing device is installed at the low end of the grate device, and the grate pressing device is provided with a material Layer control device.

In certain embodiments, the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace further includes a feeding system, the feeding system includes a feeding hopper and a feeding chute, the feeding hopper is connected with the feeding chute, and the feeding chute is connected to the feeding chute. A feeding device is installed below, and the feeding device is connected with the feeding port. The feeding chute adopts a water-cooled jacket structure. The feeding chute is provided with a sealing door and a fire-proof water spray device. The fire-proof water spray device is connected with the water pump through a pipeline. Waterproof fire sprinkler is used to spray water into the feed chute.

The treatment system using domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator grate furnace, including domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace, waste heat utilization system, flue gas purification system and flue gas discharge system, waste heat utilization system including waste heat utilization equipment and denitrification The denitrification device includes a liquid spray tank, a liquid spray pump and a nozzle. The liquid spray tank is used to hold the liquid for denitration. The liquid spray tank is connected to the liquid spray pump and the nozzle in turn through a pipeline. The nozzle is installed on the waste heat utilization equipment. The waste heat utilization equipment The flue gas inlet of the second combustion chamber is connected with the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, the flue gas outlet of the waste heat utilization system is connected with the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purification system, and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas purification system is connected with the flue gas discharge system.

In certain embodiments, the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and its treatment system further include a waste gas liquid treatment device, a leachate spray nozzle is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber, and the waste gas liquid treatment device includes waste liquid treatment and waste gas treatment. The second part of treatment, the waste liquid treatment part is connected to the leachate pool and the leachate spray nozzle respectively. The leachate spray nozzle is used to spray the leachate into the secondary combustion chamber; The air inlet and the secondary air inlet pipe are connected, the air preheater is connected with the waste heat utilization equipment, and the waste heat utilization equipment is used to provide heat source for the air preheater. The waste gas treatment part preheats the waste odor and odor air in the pretreatment area The incinerator is preheated, and the air is supplied to the incinerator chamber and the secondary combustion chamber through the primary air inlet and the secondary air inlet pipe respectively.

In some embodiments, the denitration device adopts an SNCR denitration device, and the flue gas purification system includes a deacidification cooling device, an adsorption purification device, a flue gas dust removal system, and an SCR denitration system. The gas inlet is connected with the flue gas outlet of the waste heat utilization system, the flue gas outlet of the deacidification cooling device is connected with the flue gas inlet of the adsorption purification device, the flue gas inlet of the flue gas dedusting system is connected with the flue gas outlet of the adsorption purification device, and the flue gas The flue gas outlet of the dust removal system is connected to the flue gas inlet of the SCR denitration system, and the flue gas outlet of the SCR denitration system is connected to the flue gas discharge system.

The advantages of the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and its treatment system according to the present invention are:

1. The waste pyrolysis and gasification device is independent of the grate, which effectively reduces the area of the grate, reduces the mechanical load of the grate, and reduces equipment investment costs;

2. Pyrolysis and gasification are carried out on the basis of the incineration grate furnace, and the advantages of pyrolysis and gasification flue gas are used. The waste is first pyrolyzed and gasified before entering the incineration system, which makes the combustion of the waste in the incineration furnace more stable and stable. At the same time, it also provides stable high temperature conditions for pyrolysis gasification, ensures the continuous stability of pyrolysis gasification, improves the thermal energy contained in the flue gas generated by combustion, and has high thermal efficiency;

3. The pyrolysis gasification device is set above the incineration furnace, and the secondary combustion chamber is set above the pyrolysis gasification device. The flue gas generated by incineration in the incineration furnace will pass through the pyrolysis gasification device when it is transported upwards. The garbage will be filtered, and most of the fly ash in the flue gas will be intercepted by the garbage material layer, which greatly reduces the fly ash content in the flue gas. The high temperature makes the harmful substances such as dioxins more effectively decomposed, reduces the concentration of dioxins in the flue gas, facilitates subsequent flue gas treatment, is more conducive to the emission of flue gas up to the standard, and reduces operating costs;

4. The flue gas is treated by SNCR and SCR double denitration process, which effectively ensures the denitration effect;

5. GGH flue gas reheating treatment is adopted, which greatly reduces the denitration operation cost.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace treatment system in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grate device in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present embodiment proposes an application of domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and its processing system. The processing system includes waste gas liquid treatment device 9, domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace, waste heat utilization The system, the flue gas purification system and the flue gas discharge system, the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace, the waste heat utilization system, the flue gas purification system and the flue gas discharge system are connected in sequence, and the waste gas liquid treatment device 9 is connected with the domestic waste pyrolysis gas The waste heat utilization system includes waste heat utilization equipment 31 and denitrification device 33, the waste heat utilization equipment 31 adopts waste heat boiler or heat exchanger, and the denitration device 33 adopts SNCR denitration device. The liquid pump 332 and the nozzle 333, the liquid spray tank 331 holds the liquid for denitration, and the liquid ammonia can be used as the liquid for denitration. The liquid spray tank 331 is connected to the liquid spray pump 332 and the nozzle 333 in turn through the pipeline, and the nozzle 333 is installed in the waste heat utilization equipment 31;

The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace includes a feeding system, a secondary combustion chamber 25, a pyrolysis gasification device 24, a feeding system 21 and an incineration system. The incineration system includes an incineration furnace chamber 22 and a grate device 23. The pyrolysis gas The combustion device 24 is arranged above the incineration furnace 22, and communicates with the incineration furnace 22, the incineration furnace 22 is communicated with the primary air inlet 261, the bottom of the incineration furnace 22 is provided with a grate device 23, and the second combustion chamber 25 is arranged in the pyrolysis gasification. Above the device 24, and communicated with the pyrolysis gasification device 24, the upper part of the pyrolysis gasification device 24 is provided with a feeding port, the secondary combustion chamber 25 is provided with a secondary air inlet pipe 253, and the feeding system is connected to the pyrolysis gas. The feed port on the chemical device 24 is connected,

The second combustion chamber 25 has a cylindrical structure, the leachate spray port 251 and the emergency discharge port 252 are installed on the top, the upper part of the side is provided with a flue gas outlet, which is connected with the waste heat utilization equipment 31, and the feeding port is arranged in the middle of the second combustion chamber 25. On the side wall of the hood, the garbage is thrown into the pyrolysis gasification device 24 through the feeding port, and there are several secondary air inlet pipes 253 above the feeding port, which are arranged in a cyclone structure; the secondary combustion chamber 25 is provided with There is a secondary air inlet duct 253, and a burner 254 is installed on the secondary combustion chamber 25 above the secondary air inlet duct 253,

The feeding system includes a feeding hopper 11 and a feeding chute 12. The feeding hopper 11 is connected with the feeding chute 12. The feeding chute 12 adopts a water-cooled jacket structure. The feeding chute 12 is provided with a sealing door 13 and a fire-proof water spray device. 15. The sealing door 13 is installed in the feeding chute 12 near the feeding hopper 11, and a temperature detection element and a flame detection element are installed in the feeding chute 12, and the sealing door 13 and the fireproof spray are driven by the detection of the flame detection and the temperature detection element. The water device 15 is opened or closed, and the sealing door 13 is driven by hydraulic pressure, air pressure or electric power. When the flame detection element detects the flame in the feeding chute 12, the sealing door 13 is closed, and the sealing door 13 blocks the material and the outside air from passing through the feed. The chute enters the feeding chute 12, the fire-proof water spraying device 15 is connected with the water pump through a pipeline, the waterproof fire-spraying device 15 is used to spray water into the feeding chute 12, and the fire-proof water spraying device 15 adopts a water spray nozzle. When a flame occurs in the feeding chute 12 or the temperature of the garbage is too high, the temperature data value detected by the temperature detection element exceeds the first threshold (the first threshold can be set and modified through the built-in automation program code), and the fire sprinkler 15 Water is sprayed on the garbage in the feeding chute 12 to prevent the garbage in the feeding chute 12 from burning. A feeding device 14 is installed below the feeding chute 12, and the feeding device 14 is connected with the feeding port. At 14:00, the feeding chute 12 can be directly connected to the feeding port. The feeding device 14 is composed of a feeding driving device 141 and a feeding push rod 142. The feeding driving device 141 can be driven by hydraulic pressure, air pressure or electric power. The feeding driving device 141 is connected with a push rod 142, and the feed push rod 142 is inserted into the feed chute 12 for pushing the garbage into the pyrolysis gasification device 24;

The pyrolysis and gasification device 24 is composed of a cylinder body 241 and a furnace roll 242. The furnace roll 242 is installed in the middle of the pyrolysis and gasification cylinder body 241 (the pyrolysis and gasification device 24 can also be used when the furnace roller 242 is not installed). The top of the body 241 is communicated with the second combustion chamber 25, the bottom of the cylinder body 241 is communicated with the incinerator chamber 22,

A feeding device 21 is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the lower grate device 23 of the pyrolysis gasification device 24. The feeding device includes a feeding driving device 211, a feeding push rod 212 and a feeding platform 213, and the feeding push rod 212 is arranged in the feeding On the feeding platform 213, the feeding platform 213 is arranged at the high end of the grate device 23. The feeding driving device 211 can be driven by hydraulic pressure, air pressure or electric power. The feeding driving device 211 is connected with the feeding push rod 212, and the feeding push rod 212 is inserted into the incinerator chamber 22, and the feeding push rod 212 is driven by the feeding driving device 211 to push the garbage onto the grate device 23,

The grate device 23 is arranged obliquely, the pyrolysis gasification device 24 is installed above the feeding platform 213, one side of the feeding platform 213 is provided with a feeding device 21, and the other side of the feeding platform 213 is connected to the incineration furnace 22, the furnace The lower part of the discharge device 23 is provided with an ash inlet silo 26. The ash inlet silo 26 is in the form of a hollow inverted trapezoid table structure. The bottom is provided with an ash drop port, the ash drop port is provided with a first ash discharge valve 262, the primary air inlet 261 is arranged on the side of the ash drop inlet bin 26, and the lower end of the grate device 23 is provided with a slag drop channel 222, A slag tapping device 27 is provided below the slag falling channel 222, wherein the inclination angle a of the grate device 23 is 22-26°,

As shown in FIG. 2, the grate device 23 includes a grate support, a grate, a grate driving device, a grate pressing device 235 and a material layer control device 236. The grate includes a moving grate sheet 232 and a static grate sheet 233. The grate pieces 232 and the static grate pieces 233 are arranged at intervals in rows, and both the movable grate pieces 232 and the static grate pieces 233 are provided with primary air holes. , the middle of the side wall plate 2311 is provided with a hollow layer, and the planes on the upper and lower sides of the hollow layer are provided with ventilation openings, and the primary air inlet 261 is communicated with the incineration furnace chamber 22 through the upper opening and the ventilation opening, and is used for the incineration furnace chamber 22. To transport the primary air, the fixed beam 2312 is arranged between the two side wall panels 2311, the movable beam 2313 and the fixed beam 2312 are arranged at intervals, the static grate 233 is installed on the fixed beam 2312, and the movable grate 232 is installed on the movable beam 2313, The grate pressing device 235 is installed at the lower end of the grate device 23 to press the last row of the grate. The grate pressing device 235 is provided with a material layer control device 236 for controlling the thickness of the material layer. A number of moving grate pieces 232 and static grate pieces 233 are arranged between the two side wall panels 2311 in a row. The operator can set the number of the grate devices 23 according to the size of the processing capacity. The reverse push type grate is formed in FIG. 2 . , In this domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace, a forward-push-type grate or a combination of forward-push and reverse-push-type grate can also be used, wherein the grate drive device is driven by the grate drive main body 2341, the grate drive The rod 2342, the grate drive link mechanism 2343, and the grate drive beam 2344 are composed and connected in sequence. The grate drive beam 2344 is installed under the grate sheet, passes through the fixed beam 2312 and the movable beam 2313, and is fixedly connected with the movable beam 2313. , the grate driving main body 2341 adopts hydraulic or electric drive, the pyrolysis gasification device 24 is a cylindrical structure, is installed above the incineration furnace 22, and is connected with the flue gas outlet of the incineration furnace 22,

The slag tapping device 27 includes a casing 271, a slag tapping driving device 272, a slag tapping driving link mechanism 273, and a slag tapping push rod 274. The shell 271 is U-shaped, and the shell 271 is connected to the slag tapping channel 222, and the shell The top of 271 is provided with a slag drop port that communicates with the slag drop channel 222. The slag discharge drive device 272, the slag discharge drive link mechanism 273 and the slag discharge push rod 274 are connected in sequence and installed on the side driven by the casing 271. The driving device 272 and the slag discharge drive link mechanism 273 are installed outside the casing 271, and the slag discharge push rod 274 is installed in the casing 271. The side of the casing 271 opposite to the driving side of the casing 271 is the casing 271 The non-driving side of the casing 271 is provided with a slag outlet;

The waste gas liquid treatment device 9 includes two parts: waste liquid treatment and waste gas treatment. The waste liquid treatment part is respectively connected to the leachate pool and the leachate spray nozzle 251. The leachate spray nozzle 251 is used to spray the leachate into the secondary combustion chamber 25, and the waste liquid The liquid treatment part can use a liquid suction device (such as a liquid suction pump) and a pipeline, and the waste liquid in the leachate pool is extracted through the liquid suction pump and guided to the leachate spray nozzle 251 through the pipeline for spraying; the waste gas treatment part is used for pretreatment. The area is communicated with the air preheater 32, the primary air inlet 261 and the secondary air inlet duct 253, and the air preheater 32 is connected with the waste heat utilization equipment 31 (if the waste heat utilization equipment 31 is a waste heat boiler, the air preheats The waste heat utilization equipment is used to provide a heat source for the air preheater 32, and the waste gas treatment part preheats the waste odor and odor air in the pretreatment area through the air preheater 32, and then preheats the preheater 32. The waste is introduced into the incinerator chamber 22 and the secondary combustion chamber 25 through the primary air inlet 261 and the secondary air inlet duct 253, respectively, wherein the pretreatment area refers to the pretreatment area used for garbage stacking, fermentation, and crushing. In the treatment part, an air extraction device (such as an air pump) and a pipeline can be used, and the gas in the pretreatment area is extracted through the air extraction device to form waste gas, and then the waste gas is introduced into the air preheater 32 through the guidance of the pipeline for preheating, and then the waste gas is discharged through the pipeline. The preheated exhaust gas is introduced into the primary air inlet 261 and the secondary air inlet duct 253,

The flue gas purification system includes a deacidification cooling device 4, an adsorption purification device 5, a flue gas dust removal system 6 and an SCR denitration system 7. The flue gas inlet of the deacidification cooling device 4 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the waste heat utilization equipment, and the deacidification cooling device The flue gas outlet of 4 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the adsorption purification device 5, the flue gas inlet of the flue gas dust removal system 6 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the adsorption purification device 5, and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas dust removal system 6 is connected to the SCR denitration system 7. The flue gas inlet of the SCR denitration system 7 is connected to the flue gas discharge system. The deacidification cooling device 4 includes a deacidification cooling tower 41, a high-speed rotating spray device 42, a deacidification liquid pool 43, a spray pump 44 and a second The ash discharge valve 45, the flue gas inlet of the deacidification cooling tower 41 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the waste heat utilization equipment 31, the high-speed rotating spray device 42 is installed on the top of the deacidification cooling tower 41, and the deacidification liquid pool 43 is sequentially connected to the spray pump 44 through the pipeline. And the high-speed rotary spray device 42, what is contained in the deacidification liquid pool 43 is Ca(OH) solution, and the _second ash discharge valve 45 is installed at the bottom of the deacidification cooling tower 41,

The adsorption and purification device 5 includes the adsorption and purification device body 51 and the dry powder feeder 52. The inlet and outlet of the adsorption and purification device are respectively connected to the flue gas outlet of the deacidification cooling tower and the flue gas inlet of the bag filter 61. The dry powder feeder 52 is installed in the annex. On the purification device body,

The flue gas dust removal system 6 includes a bag filter 61, a compressed air device 62 and a third ash discharge valve 63. The compressed air device 62 is connected to the bag filter 61, and the third ash valve 63 is installed at the bottom of the bag filter 61.

The SCR denitration system 7 includes a GGH flue gas heating device 71, an SGH flue gas heating device 72, an SCR denitration device 73 and a container 74 for holding denitration agent,

The flue gas emission system 8 includes an induced draft fan 81 and a chimney 82, and the flue gas discharged from the SCR denitration system 7 is introduced into the chimney 82 through the induced draft fan 81, and then discharged.

The working principle of the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and its treatment system described in the present embodiment is as follows:

Step 1. The domestic garbage is sent to the feeding hopper 11 by the feeding device and enters the feeding chute 12. The feeding device 14 pushes the garbage in the chute into the pyrolysis gasification device 24 to form a garbage material layer;

Step 2. Under the action of the induced draft fan 81, the high-temperature flue gas in the incinerator chamber 22 is discharged upward through the incinerator chamber 22, and travels upward through the garbage material layer in the pyrolysis gasification device 24, and the garbage is dried and heated under the action of the high-temperature flue gas. Degasification, the rotation of the furnace roller 241 of the pyrolysis and gasification device can prevent coking on the one hand, and facilitate the flow and discharge of the combustible gas of pyrolysis, while the flue gas discharged from the incineration furnace 22 passes through the garbage When the material layer is filtered, the fly ash contained in the flue gas will be intercepted and attached to the garbage, so that the flue gas can be purified;

Step 3. The garbage after pyrolysis and gasification continues to sink on the feeding platform 213 of the feeding device 21 in the pyrolysis and gasification device 24, and is pushed by the feeding device 21 and enters the grate device 23. The material passes through the combustion zone and the ember zone in turn. Since the garbage has been dried, pyrolyzed and gasified, the material enters the grate device 23 and is directly burned, which ensures that the temperature in the incinerator chamber 22 is not affected by the fluctuation and influence of the feeding material. Combustion and burning embers are stable;

Step 4. The grate driving device 234 pushes the moving grate 232 to reciprocate on the static grate 233, pushes and turns up the garbage at the bottom, and moves the material layer down along the grate as a whole, so as to make the garbage on the grate move upward. Get mixing and stirring, and burn more fully;

Step 5. The waste odor air in the pretreatment area is sent to the air preheater 32 by the waste gas liquid treatment device 9 and the high-temperature primary air after preheating enters through the pipeline and the primary fan through the primary air inlet 261 of the ash inlet silo 26, It is discharged from the side wall plate 2311 and the primary air hole, and air is supplied to the material layer on the grate and the incineration furnace chamber 22, which ensures that the material is fully burned and the temperature of the incineration furnace chamber 22 is stable;

Step 6, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the incinerator chamber 22 enters the pyrolysis gasification device 24 from the flue gas outlet of the furnace chamber 22 under the action of the induced draft fan, and provides thermal energy for the pyrolysis and gasification of garbage in the pyrolysis gasification device 24, And along with the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and gasification, it enters the secondary combustion chamber 25. Because the hot flue gas and combustible gas are filtered through the garbage material layer, the fly ash in the flue gas is trapped, so that the fly ash in the flue gas is greatly reduced, and dioxins are greatly reduced. British concentration is greatly reduced;

Step 7. The combustible gas enters the secondary combustion chamber 25, and the high-temperature waste odor air preheated by the air preheater 32 enters the secondary combustion chamber 25 from the secondary air inlet pipe 253 through the secondary fan to provide secondary air for flue gas combustion. , after the secondary air enters the secondary combustion chamber, it drives the flue gas to form a swirling flow in the secondary combustion chamber 25, and the combustible gas is fully mixed and burned with the secondary air in the secondary combustion chamber, ensuring that the residence time of the high temperature combustion of the flue gas is not less than 2 In seconds, harmful substances such as dioxins in the flue gas are cracked at high temperature;

Step 8. The fully burned high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet of the second combustion chamber 25, and enters the waste heat utilization equipment 31 for waste heat utilization. The steam or hot water produced by the waste heat boiler or heat exchanger can be used for power generation and production or life. Provide thermal energy to create economic benefits for the system;

Step 9. During the working process of the grate, a small amount of fine ash falls from the pores, enters the ash inlet silo 26, and is discharged from the ash outlet through the ash discharge valve 262, transported to the slag drop channel 222 and falls into the slag discharge device. 27;

Step 10. Under the action of the grate and the gravity of the slag, the slag enters the slag extraction device 27 from the slag drop port of the slag drop channel 222. Slag discharge;

Step 11. After the high-temperature flue gas combusted by the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat utilization equipment 31, it contacts with the liquid ammonia sprayed by the nozzle 333 of the denitrification device 33 to remove nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The flue gas outlet enters the deacidification cooling tower 41;

In step 12, the Ca(OH) ₂ solution in the deacidification liquid pool 43 is transported by the spray pump 44 to be atomized in the deacidification cooling tower 41 through the high-speed rotating spray device 42, reacts with the flue gas entering the tower, and removes the Acidic substances in the flue gas; under the action of the flue gas temperature, the reactants fall into the bottom of the tower in the form of granular powder after drying and are discharged through the second ash discharge valve 45;

Step 13. After the flue gas is deacidified, it contacts the activated carbon and slaked lime of the dry powder feeder 52 in the adsorption purification device body 51 of the adsorption purification device 5, the dust particles in the flue gas are adsorbed, and the residual acidic substances are further removed. ;

Step 14: The adsorbed and purified flue gas enters the flue gas dedusting system 6, and the remaining dust particles are intercepted by the cloth bag of the cloth bag filter 61;

Step 15. After the flue gas is dedusted by the flue gas dedusting system 6, it enters the denitration device 73 of the denitration system 7. Since a large amount of dust has been intercepted, it is very beneficial to the subsequent denitration, which lays the foundation for ensuring the denitration effect. The limitation of the flue gas temperature by the SCR device results in a low temperature of the flue gas after dedusting, which is not suitable for the temperature requirements of SCR denitration. The low-temperature flue gas is heated, and the SGH flue gas heater 72 is subsequently supplemented to ensure that the flue gas temperature reaches the temperature required for SCR denitration, thereby not only ensuring the denitration effect of the flue gas, but also saving energy and greatly reducing operating costs. , 27% lower than that without GGH flue gas recycle heating device;

Step 16: After the flue gas is subjected to SCR denitration treatment, the flue gas temperature is relatively high, and after the waste heat is reused by the GGH flue gas heater 71, the flue gas enters the chimney 82 through the induced draft fan 81 and is discharged.

The above is only the preferred mode of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, several similar deformations and improvements can also be made, and these should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace, is characterized in that: comprise pyrolysis gasification device (24), two combustion chambers and incineration system, and incineration system comprises incineration furnace chamber (22) and grate device (23 ), the pyrolysis gasification device (24) is arranged above the incineration furnace chamber (22), and communicates with the incineration furnace chamber (22), the incineration furnace chamber (22) is communicated with the primary air inlet (261), and the bottom of the incineration furnace chamber (22) A grate device (23) is installed, the secondary combustion chamber (25) is arranged above the pyrolysis and gasification device (24), and communicates with the pyrolysis and gasification device (24), and the upper part of the pyrolysis and gasification device (24) is provided with There is a feed inlet, and a secondary air inlet pipe (253) is arranged on the secondary combustion chamber (25). 2. The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gasification device (24) is composed of a cylinder (241) and a furnace roller (242), the furnace roller (242) is installed below the feed inlet, the secondary combustion chamber (25) has a cylindrical structure, the upper part of the side of the secondary combustion chamber (25) is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber (25) is provided with a number of secondary air The air inlet pipe (253) and the secondary air inlet pipe (253) are arranged in a cyclone structure; a burner (254) is installed on the secondary combustion chamber (25) above the secondary air inlet pipe (253). 3. The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the grate device (23) is arranged obliquely, and the high end of the grate device (23) is provided with a feeding platform ( 213), the pyrolysis gasification device (24) is installed above the feeding platform (213), one side of the feeding platform (213) is provided with a feeding device (21), and the other side of the feeding platform (213) The incinerator chamber (22) is connected to the incinerator, and a ash inlet silo (26) is arranged below the grate device (23). The upper port is connected to the grate device (23), the bottom of the ash inlet bin (26) is provided with an ash drop port, the ash drop port is provided with a first ash discharge valve (262), and the primary air inlet (261) is arranged at On the side of the ash inlet silo (26), and through the upper port of the ash inlet silo (26) and the grate device (23) to communicate with the incinerator chamber (22), the lower end of the grate device (23) is set. There is a slag falling channel (222), and a slag discharging device (27) is arranged below the slag falling channel (222). 4. The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator furnace according to claim 3, wherein the slagging device (27) comprises a casing (271), a slagging driving device (272), a slagging driving device The connecting rod mechanism (273) and the slag ejection push rod (274), the casing (271) is U-shaped, the casing (271) is connected with the slag slag passage (222), and the top of the casing (271) is provided with a dropper The slag outlet communicated with the slag channel (222), the slag discharge drive device (272), the slag discharge drive link mechanism (273) and the slag discharge push rod (274) are connected in sequence, and are installed in a casing (271) driven. On the side, the slag tapping drive device (272) and the slag tapping driving link mechanism (273) are installed outside the casing (271), and the slag tapping push rod (274) is installed in the casing (271), on the casing (271) The side opposite to the driving side of the casing (271) is the non-driving side of the casing (271), and the non-driving side of the casing (271) is provided with a slag outlet. 5. The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace according to claim 3, wherein the grate device (23) comprises a grate support, a grate, a grate driving device, and a grate pressing device (235) and a material layer control device (236), the grate includes a moving grate piece (232) and a static grate piece (233), the moving grate piece (232) and the static grate piece (233) are arranged at intervals in rows, and the moving grate piece (232) Primary air holes are provided on both the plate (232) and the static grate plate (233), and the grate support includes a side wall plate (2311), a fixed beam (2312), a moving beam (2313) and a bracket (2314), the side wall plate The middle of (2311) is provided with a hollow layer, and the planes on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the hollow layer are provided with air vents, and the primary air inlet (261) is communicated with the incinerator chamber (22) through the upper port and the air vent, and is used to transmit the air to the incinerator chamber. (22) The primary air is transported inside, the fixed beam (2312) is arranged between the two side wall panels (2311), the movable beam (2313) and the fixed beam (2312) are arranged at intervals, and the static grate pieces (233) are installed on the fixed beam (2312), the moving grate piece (232) is installed on the moving beam (2313), the grate pressing device (235) is installed on the lower end of the grate device (23), and the grate pressing device (235) is provided behind the There is a material layer control device (236). 6. The domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace further comprises a feeding system, and the feeding system comprises a feeding hopper (11) and the feeding chute (12), the feeding hopper (11) is connected with the feeding chute (12), a feeding device (14) is installed below the feeding chute (12), and the feeding device (14) is connected with the feeding chute (12). The feeding port is connected, wherein the feeding chute (12) adopts a water-cooled jacket structure, and the feeding chute (12) is provided with a sealing door (13) and a fire-proof water spray device (15), and the fire-proof water spray device (15) is connected with the pipeline through a pipeline. The water pump is connected, and the waterproof fire-spraying device (15) is used for spraying water into the feeding chute (12). 7. The treatment system using the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the treatment system comprises a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration grate furnace and a waste heat utilization system , flue gas purification system and flue gas discharge system, the waste heat utilization system includes waste heat utilization equipment (31) and a denitration device (33), and the denitration device (33) includes a liquid spray tank (331), a liquid spray pump (332) and a nozzle (332). 333), the spray tank (331) is used to hold the liquid for denitration, and the spray tank (331) is connected to the spray pump (332) and the nozzle (333) in turn through a pipeline, and the nozzle (333) is installed in the waste heat utilization equipment (31). ), the flue gas inlet of the waste heat utilization equipment (31) is connected with the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber (25), the flue gas outlet of the waste heat utilization system is connected with the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purification system, and the smoke The gas outlet is connected to the flue gas discharge system. 8 . The treatment system according to claim 7 , wherein the domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incinerator grate furnace and its treatment system further comprise a waste gas liquid treatment device ( 9 ), and the secondary combustion chamber ( 25 ) There is a leachate spray nozzle (251) inside, the waste gas liquid treatment device (9) includes two parts of waste liquid treatment and waste gas treatment, and the waste liquid treatment part is respectively connected with the leachate pool and the leachate spray nozzle (251), and the leachate spray nozzle (251) is used to inject the leachate into the secondary combustion chamber (25); the exhaust gas treatment part is used to connect the pretreatment area with the air preheater (32), the primary air inlet (261) and the secondary air inlet pipe (253) is connected, the air preheater (32) is connected with the waste heat utilization equipment (31), the waste heat utilization equipment (31) is used to provide a heat source for the air preheater (32), and the waste gas treatment part treats the waste odor and odor in the pretreatment area. The air is preheated by the air preheater (32), and the air is supplied to the incinerator chamber (22) and the secondary combustion chamber (25) through the primary air inlet and the secondary air inlet pipe respectively. 9. The treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the denitrification device adopts an SNCR denitration device, and the flue gas purification system comprises a deacidification cooling device (4), an adsorption purification device (5), The flue gas dust removal system (6) and the SCR denitration system (7), the flue gas inlet of the deacidification cooling device (4) is connected with the flue gas outlet of the waste heat utilization system, and the flue gas outlet of the deacidification cooling device (4) is connected with adsorption purification The flue gas inlet of the device (5) is connected, the flue gas inlet of the flue gas dedusting system (6) is connected with the flue gas outlet of the adsorption purification device (5), and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas dedusting system (6) is connected to the SCR denitration system ( 7) is connected to the flue gas inlet, and the flue gas outlet of the SCR denitration system (7) is connected to the flue gas discharge system.

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