CN111206911B - Hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device - Google Patents
Hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111206911B CN111206911B CN202010093023.7A CN202010093023A CN111206911B CN 111206911 B CN111206911 B CN 111206911B CN 202010093023 A CN202010093023 A CN 202010093023A CN 111206911 B CN111206911 B CN 111206911B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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Abstract
本发明为一种液压传动水力喷射无限级压裂装置，包括至少两级顺序连接的水力喷射压裂喷枪结构；各水力喷射压裂喷枪结构包括喷枪本体，喷枪本体的侧壁上部连通设置喷嘴，喷枪本体内套设变径滑套；喷枪本体内设置液缸筒腔，液缸筒腔内穿设液压活塞，液压活塞的顶端设置第一环体，液缸筒腔的上部滑动套设复径短节套；第一环体的底面与液缸筒腔的底部之间构成排油腔，排油腔的底部设置出油孔，复径短节套的顶面与所述液缸筒腔的顶部之间构成进油腔，进油腔的顶部设置进油孔，下一级的出油孔与相邻上一级的进油孔通过液压管线连通。该装置结构简单，无须机械封隔，能定点起裂，集射孔、压裂、隔离一体化，一趟管柱作业可实现多级压裂。
The invention relates to a hydraulically driven hydraulic jetting infinite-stage fracturing device, comprising at least two-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structures connected in sequence; each hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure includes a spray gun body, and the upper part of the side wall of the spray gun body is communicated with a nozzle. A variable diameter sliding sleeve is sleeved in the spray gun body; a liquid cylinder barrel cavity is set in the spray gun body, a hydraulic piston is penetrated in the liquid cylinder barrel cavity, a first ring body is set at the top of the hydraulic piston, and a compound diameter is sleeved on the upper part of the liquid cylinder barrel cavity. A short joint sleeve; an oil discharge cavity is formed between the bottom surface of the first ring body and the bottom of the cylinder cavity, the bottom of the oil discharge cavity is provided with an oil outlet, and the top surface of the composite diameter short joint sleeve is connected to the bottom of the cylinder cavity. An oil inlet cavity is formed between the tops, an oil inlet hole is arranged on the top of the oil inlet cavity, and the oil outlet hole of the next stage is communicated with the oil inlet hole of the adjacent upper stage through a hydraulic pipeline. The device has a simple structure, does not require mechanical isolation, can initiate fracturing at a fixed point, integrates perforation, fracturing and isolation, and can realize multi-stage fracturing in one trip of the pipe string.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field fracturing, in particular to a hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device.
Background
As an important energy resource, the petroleum and the natural gas not only play an important role in daily life, but also provide a powerful guarantee for national defense construction in China. The rapid development of national economy puts higher requirements on the oil and gas industry in China, according to blue book of development analysis and prospect report (2018-2019) in China, the processing amount of crude oil and the apparent consumption amount of oil in China in 2018 are broken by 6 hundred million tons, the external dependence of oil approaches 70%, and the consumption of gas keeps on being vigorously increased. In such a severe situation, the strength is continuously increased to improve the yield of petroleum and natural gas, and the steady increase of the economy of China is ensured. As an important oil and gas field production increasing measure, the hydraulic fracturing is more important in the fields of old well reconstruction, shale gas, shale oil, coal bed gas, compact oil gas and other unconventional oil and gas development.
Hydraulic fracturing technology is a necessary means for old well reconstruction and efficient development of unconventional oil and gas and maintaining its economic recovery. The hydraulic jet staged fracturing technology integrates hydraulic sand-blast perforating, fracturing and isolating, can realize fixed-point fracturing of a plurality of intervals by one string without mechanical packing, provides a feasible technical means for solving the problems that conventional packing staged fracturing is difficult to realize, such as screen pipe/liner pipe well completion, casing change wells, poor well cementation quality and the like, can save perforating cost of new wells, and is one of the hot spots of yield increase modification research of oil and gas wells at home and abroad at present. But limited by the size of the sliding sleeve, the technology has limited fracturing stages and cannot meet the requirement of large-scale fracturing operation.
The invention provides a hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to practice of hydraulic fracturing construction and experience of research and development of fracturing tools for years, aiming at solving the problem that the number of fracturing stages is limited in a hydraulic jet multistage fracturing technology, effectively accelerating oil extraction, reducing comprehensive decrement rate, further enhancing development level and obtaining more oil and gas exploitation amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device which overcomes the problem of limited fracturing stage number in the prior art, has simple structure, does not need mechanical packing, can initiate fracturing at a fixed point, integrates perforation, fracturing and isolation into a whole, and can realize multistage fracturing in one string operation.
The hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device comprises at least two stages of hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structures which are connected in sequence; each hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure comprises a hollow spray gun body, the upper part of the side wall of the spray gun body is communicated with a spray nozzle, a hollow reducing sliding sleeve is fixedly and slidably sleeved in the spray gun body, and the reducing sliding sleeve can seal the inlet of the spray nozzle and can slide downwards to expose the inlet of the spray nozzle; a hydraulic cylinder cavity is arranged below the nozzle in the spray gun body, a hydraulic piston is penetrated in the hydraulic cylinder cavity in a sealing and sliding mode, a piston hole which is axially communicated with an inner cavity of the reducing sliding sleeve is formed in the hydraulic piston, a first ring body which can slide along the side wall of the hydraulic cylinder cavity is arranged at the top end of the hydraulic piston, the lower portion of the reducing sliding sleeve is sleeved in the hydraulic cylinder cavity in a sealing and sliding mode, and the reducing sliding sleeve can push the hydraulic piston to move downwards; the upper part of the cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is sleeved with a reducing short section sleeve which can enable the reducing sliding sleeve to sit and seal the dart body; the bottom surface of first ring body with constitute inclosed oil extraction chamber between the bottom in hydraulic cylinder section of thick bamboo chamber, the bottom in oil extraction chamber sets up the oil outlet, the top surface of compound footpath nipple joint cover with constitute inclosed oil feed chamber between the top in hydraulic cylinder section of thick bamboo chamber, the top in oil feed chamber sets up the inlet port, the inlet port allows hydraulic oil to get into the inlet chamber and hydraulic oil can promote compound footpath nipple joint cover moves down, and the oil outlet of next stage and the adjacent inlet port of last one-level pass through hydraulic pressure pipeline intercommunication, and the inlet port of the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure of bottommost is the sealed setting that can open, and the sealed buffer liquid pipe of the connection free end that can dismantle is located the outlet port of topmost hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower part of the reducing sliding sleeve is provided with a clamping claw part which can stretch out and draw back in the radial direction, the double-diameter short section sleeve can slide down to shrink the clamping claw part, and the clamping claw part can seal the dart body thrown into the ground after shrinking in the radial direction; the dart body can drive the reducing sliding sleeve to move downwards under the action of fluid.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a piston cylinder barrel body is sleeved on the lower part of an inner cavity of the spray gun body, a second ring body with a reduced diameter is arranged at the bottom of the piston cylinder barrel body, the bottom end of the hydraulic piston hermetically and slidably penetrates through the second ring body, and an oil outlet through hole communicated with the oil outlet is formed in the side wall of the piston cylinder barrel body; a first step part with the diameter being reduced is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the spray gun body, and the top end of the complex-diameter short section sleeve can axially abut against the first step part; and an inner cavity between the first step part and the second ring body in the spray gun body forms the hydraulic cylinder cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reducing sliding sleeve further includes a straight cylinder portion disposed at a top end of the claw portion, and an outer diameter of the straight cylinder portion is the same as an inner diameter of the first step portion; the side wall of the straight cylinder part can be connected with the side wall of the spray gun body through a shear pin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the claw portion includes a plurality of claws uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction, and a bottom portion of each claw is provided with a limiting step protruding radially inward.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dart comprises a dart column, the bottom of which is provided with a dart cone with a diameter gradually reduced towards the bottom, and the dart cone can be sealed against the setting with the clamping claw part; the outer diameter size of the dart body column is larger than the aperture size of the piston hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a retaining ring is slidably fitted between the first ring body and the claw portion, the retaining ring is provided with a retaining ring through hole capable of penetrating through the piston hole, and the aperture size of the retaining ring through hole is smaller than the outer diameter size of the dart body.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the complex diameter short sleeve is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a chamfer is disposed at a top end of the complex diameter short sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil outlet and the oil inlet are both communicated with each other by a bent joint.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom end of the spray gun body is hermetically communicated with a hollow connecting joint, and two ends of the connecting joint are provided with connecting external thread parts; the both ends of spray gun body set up connecting thread hole, connection joint's connection external screw thread portion can sealing connection in connecting thread is downthehole.
From the above, the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention, a hydraulic system can adjust the state of a reducing sliding sleeve of a hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, a dart body can be set after being put into the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure without mechanical packing, a nozzle is arranged on the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, and the setting state of the dart body and the jet state of the nozzle are controlled by controlling the discharge capacity;
in the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device provided by the invention, the structures of all stages of hydraulic jet fracturing spray guns adopt the same structure, so that the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun has high universality and simple structure, and particularly under complex underground conditions, the simple structure can ensure the reliability of the tool and has better sealing performance than external pipe transmission;
the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite fracturing device provided by the invention is simple and convenient in construction operation and high in safety, and due to the fact that the pipe column is not moved in the fracturing process, the safety coefficient is increased, and meanwhile, the construction operation is simple and convenient;
the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention starts fracturing from a far well end (the bottommost end) and ensures that fracturing is developed orderly in a multi-stage fracturing process;
the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device provided by the invention has multiple fracturing stages and can realize fracturing of multiple layers of a pipe column in one trip.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Wherein:
FIG. 1: the appearance diagram of the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device is in a two-stage state.
FIG. 2: the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device is a cross section when the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device is in a two-stage state.
FIG. 3: is an appearance diagram of the structure of the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun.
FIG. 4: is a sectional view of the structure of the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun before diameter change.
FIG. 5: is an enlarged view at I in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6: the cross section of the structure of the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun is shown after the diameter is changed.
FIG. 7: is an external view of the spray gun body of the present invention.
FIG. 8: is a cross-sectional view of the spray gun body of the present invention.
FIG. 9: is an appearance drawing when the jaws of the reducing sliding sleeve are opened.
FIG. 10: is a cross-sectional view of the reducing sliding sleeve when the claws are opened.
FIG. 11: is an appearance drawing when the jaws of the reducing sliding sleeve are recovered.
FIG. 12: is an appearance drawing of the complex diameter short sleeve.
FIG. 13: is a cross-sectional view of the complex-diameter short sleeve.
FIG. 14: is an appearance view of the piston-cylinder body of the present invention.
FIG. 15: is a cross-sectional view of the piston cylinder body of the present invention.
FIG. 16: is an external view of the hydraulic piston of the present invention.
FIG. 17: is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic piston of the present invention.
FIG. 18: is an external view of the elbow connector of the present invention.
FIG. 19: is a cross-sectional view of the elbow connector of the present invention.
FIG. 20: is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic line of the present invention.
FIG. 21: is a schematic view of the dart of the present invention.
FIG. 22: is a schematic view of the baffle ring of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device;
101. a first stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun; 102. a second stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun;
1. a spray gun body;
11. a piston cylinder body; 111. oil outlet through holes; 12. a second ring body; 13. a first step portion; 14. a pin hole; 15. a baffle ring; 151. a retainer ring via hole; 16. a nozzle mounting hole;
2. a variable-diameter sliding sleeve;
21. a claw part; 211. a claw; 212. a limiting step; 22. a straight tube portion; 23. shearing the pin;
3. a hydraulic cylinder chamber;
31. an oil discharge cavity; 311. an oil outlet hole; 32. an oil inlet cavity; 321. an oil inlet hole; 33. bending the joint; 34. a buffer liquid pipe;
4. a hydraulic piston;
40. a piston bore; 41. a first ring body;
5. a complex diameter short section sleeve;
6. connecting a joint;
7. a hydraulic line;
8. a dart body; 81. a dart body column; 82. a dart body cone;
9. and (4) a nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 to 22, the present invention provides a hydraulically-driven hydraulically-jetting infinite-stage fracturing device 100, which includes at least two stages of hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun structures connected in sequence, wherein the stages of the hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun structures are determined according to the stages of the hydraulically-jetting fracturing, for example, three stages of hydraulically-jetting fracturing are connected in sequence with 3 hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun structures, and a plurality of hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun structures are connected in sequence to form an infinite-stage fracturing device;
as shown in fig. 3, each hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure comprises a hollow spray gun body 1, a spray nozzle 9 is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the spray gun body 1, 3-6 spray nozzle mounting holes 16 are distributed on the side wall of the spray gun body and used for mounting the spray nozzle 9, the spray nozzle 9 can be selected according to the hydraulic jet fracturing requirements, and the inlet of the spray nozzle 9 can be communicated with the inner cavity of the spray gun body 1; the outlet of the nozzle 9 is directed towards the formation;
the spray gun body 1 can be fixedly and slidably sleeved with a hollow reducing sliding sleeve 2, and the reducing sliding sleeve 2 can seal the inlet of the nozzle 9 and can slide downwards to expose the inlet of the nozzle 9; a hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3 is arranged below the nozzle in the spray gun body 1, a hydraulic piston 4 is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3 in a sealing and sliding mode, as shown in fig. 16 and 17, a piston hole 40 which is axially communicated with the inner cavity of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 is formed in the hydraulic piston 4, a first ring body 41 capable of sliding along the side wall of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity is arranged at the top end of the hydraulic piston 4, the lower portion of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 is sleeved in the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3 in a sealing and sliding mode, and the reducing sliding sleeve 2 can push the hydraulic piston 4 to move downwards; the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3 is sleeved with a multi-diameter short section sleeve 5 which can enable the reducing sliding sleeve 2 to sit and seal the dart body 8; the reducing sliding sleeve 2 is adjusted to be in a setting state by moving the reducing short section sleeve 5 downwards, a dart body 8 is put into the dart body 8, after the dart body 8 is set, fluid is pumped into the ground, under the action of the fluid, the dart body 8 drives the reducing sliding sleeve 2 to move downwards and pushes the hydraulic piston 4 to move downwards, the inlet of the nozzle 9 is communicated with the inner cavity of the spray gun body 1 and then is sprayed outwards to fracture the stratum, and the setting or spraying fracturing state of the hydraulic spraying fracturing spray gun structure can be controlled by controlling the discharge capacity;
as shown in fig. 2, a sealed oil discharge cavity 31 is formed between the bottom surface of the first ring body 41 and the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3, an oil outlet 311 is formed in the bottom of the oil discharge cavity 31, a sealed oil inlet 32 is formed between the top surface of the complex diameter nipple 5 and the top of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity, an oil inlet 321 is formed in the top of the oil inlet 32, the oil inlet 321 allows hydraulic oil to enter the oil inlet and can push the complex diameter nipple 5 to move down, the oil outlet 311 of the next stage is communicated with the oil inlet 321 of the adjacent previous stage through a hydraulic pipeline 7, the oil inlet 321 of the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure at the bottommost end (the stage farthest from the wellhead end in the infinite hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure) is in an openable sealing arrangement, and the oil outlet 311 of the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure at the topmost end (the stage closest to the wellhead end in the infinite hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure) is detachably connected with the buffer pipe 34 with the free end seal.
A closed space is formed between the first ring body 41 at the top end of the hydraulic piston 4 and the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3 to form an oil discharge cavity 31, and after assembly, the oil discharge cavity 31 is filled with hydraulic oil; and after assembly, except for the bottommost hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, the top surface of the re-diameter short section sleeve 5 is in a propping state with the top of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity, in the bottommost hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, the re-diameter short section sleeve 5 needs to be sleeved on the lower part of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 to enable the lower part of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 to be in a setting state, at the moment, the oil inlet cavity 32 is filled with hydraulic oil, the re-diameter short section sleeve 5 is ensured to be sleeved on the lower part of the reducing sliding sleeve 2, and an oil hole is closed after oil filling. The cylinder chamber 3, the hydraulic piston 4, the oil discharge chamber 31 and the oil inlet chamber 32 are all important components of the hydraulic transmission system. The oil outlet 311 of each next stage is communicated with the oil inlet 321 of the adjacent previous stage through a hydraulic pipeline 7, hydraulic oil in the oil discharge cavity 31 of the next stage can discharge the oil into the oil inlet 32 of the previous stage, so that the diameter reducing short sleeve 5 is pushed to slide downwards, and when the bottom surface of the first ring body 41 abuts against the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder barrel cavity 3, the diameter reducing short sleeve 5 slides downwards to the lower part of the diameter reducing sliding sleeve 2, so that the lower part of the diameter reducing sliding sleeve 2 is in a setting state. The hydraulic transmission system enables the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite fracturing device 100 to be capable of performing one-time downhole operation, the state of the reducing sliding sleeve is adjusted through the hydraulic system, infinite-stage (determined according to the actual hydraulic jet fracturing stage number, and limited by the infinite number, so that the infinite-stage) dart body is set and fractured at a fixed point, and the problem of limited fracturing stage number is solved. In the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device provided by the invention, the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure at the bottommost end forms a first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun, and hydraulic jet fracturing is carried out at the earliest in the fracturing process.
In the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention, a hydraulic system can adjust the state of a reducing sliding sleeve of a hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, a dart body can be set after being put into the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure without mechanical packing, a nozzle is arranged on the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, and the setting state of the dart body and the jet state of the nozzle are controlled by controlling the discharge capacity; the hydraulic jet fracturing spray guns at all levels adopt the same structure, have high universality and simple structure, and particularly under complex underground conditions, the simple structure can ensure the reliability of the tool and has better sealing performance than external transmission; the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite fracturing device provided by the invention is simple and convenient in construction operation and high in safety, and due to the fact that the pipe column is not moved in the fracturing process, the safety coefficient is increased, and meanwhile, the construction operation is simple and convenient; the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention starts fracturing from a far well end (the bottommost end) and ensures that fracturing is developed orderly in a multi-stage fracturing process; the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device provided by the invention has multiple fracturing stages and can realize fracturing of multiple layers of a pipe column in one trip.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 4, 6, 9, 10 and 11, the lower part of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 is provided with a radially telescopic claw part 21, the reducing short sleeve 5 can slide downwards to shrink the claw part 21, and the claw part 21 can seal the dart body 8 thrown into the ground after being shrunk radially; the dart body 8 can drive the reducing sliding sleeve 2 to move downwards under the action of the fluid. The outer diameter of the claw part 21 is larger than that of the upper part in a normal state, and a diameter-variable state is formed.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 14, 15 and 22, a piston cylinder body 11 is sleeved on the lower portion of the inner cavity of the spray gun body 1, a second ring body 12 with a reduced diameter is arranged at the bottom of the piston cylinder body 11, the bottom end of the hydraulic piston 4 is hermetically and slidably arranged through the second ring body 12, and an oil outlet hole 111 penetrating through the oil outlet hole 311 is formed in the side wall of the piston cylinder body 11; the piston cylinder barrel body 11 is a thin-wall cylinder, and the top surface of the piston cylinder barrel body 11 forms a lower limit part of the complex-diameter short sleeve 5; a first step part 13 with the diameter reduced is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the spray gun body 1, and the top end of the complex-diameter short sleeve 5 can be axially abutted against the first step part 13; the inner cavity of the lance body 1 between the first step 13 and the second ring 12 constitutes the aforementioned cylinder barrel chamber 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 4, 6, 9, 10 and 11, the reducing sliding sleeve 2 further includes a straight cylinder portion 22 (hollow cylinder) disposed at the top end of the claw portion 21, the outer diameter of the straight cylinder portion 22 is the same as the inner diameter of the first step portion 13, a sealing groove is further disposed on the outer wall of the straight cylinder portion 22, and a sealing ring is clamped in the sealing groove to ensure sealing sliding contact with the inner wall of the spray gun body 1 above the first step portion 13; the side wall of the straight cylinder part 22 can be connected with the side wall of the spray gun body 1 through shear pins 23, in a specific embodiment of the invention, 6-12 pin holes 14 are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the spray gun body 1 along the circumferential direction, pin connecting slotted holes are correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the straight cylinder part 22, and the shear pins 23 are arranged in each pin hole 14 and the corresponding pin connecting slotted hole. After the dart body 8 sits and seals the reducing sliding sleeve 2, fluid is pumped into the ground, when the acting force of the fluid acting on the top end of the dart body 8 is greater than the shearing force of the shearing pin 23, the shearing pin 23 is sheared off, and the dart body 8 drives the reducing sliding sleeve 2 to move downwards under the acting force of the fluid.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, 10, and 11, the claw portion 21 includes a plurality of claws 211 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a stopper step 212 protruding radially inward is provided at the bottom of each claw 211. The jack catch can radially open or radially close, and when the jack catch 211 is closed, the dart body 8 can be limited, and the setting can be realized.
Further, as shown in fig. 21, the dart 8 includes a dart column 81 (solid structure), a dart cone 82 (solid structure) tapered from straight to bottom is provided at the bottom of the dart column 81, and the dart cone 82 can seal against the setting with the claw part 21; the dart body column 81 has an outer diameter dimension larger than the bore diameter dimension of the piston bore 40.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 4, 6 and 8, a retainer ring 15 (hollow cylinder) is slidably fitted between the first ring body 41 and the claw portion 21, a retainer ring through hole 151 capable of penetrating through the piston hole is provided in the retainer ring 15, and the aperture size of the retainer ring through hole 151 is smaller than the outer diameter size of the dart body 8. The baffle ring 15 is arranged above the hydraulic piston 4, and the axial acting force of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 and the dart body 8 is transmitted to the hydraulic piston 4 through the baffle ring 15, so that the hydraulic piston 4 is pushed to move downwards.
Further, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the complex diameter short sleeve 5 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a chamfer is provided at the top end of the complex diameter short sleeve 5. An annular buffer channel is formed between the chamfer of the diameter-restoring short sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the spray gun body 1 and between the chamfer and the first step part 13, so that hydraulic oil entering from the oil inlet can smoothly push the diameter-restoring short sleeve 5.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the oil outlet 311 and the oil inlet 321 are both communicated with each other to form an elbow joint 33. As shown in fig. 18, 19, and 20, the elbow connector 33 is a right-angle connector, and can connect the hydraulic line 7 relatively smoothly.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, a hollow connecting joint 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the spray gun body 1 in a sealing and communicating manner, and connecting external thread parts are arranged at two ends of the connecting joint 6, so that the sealing and communicating of the two-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure is realized; the upper part of the connecting joint 6 is sleeved in the spray gun body 1 in a sealing way, and the top surface of the connecting joint 6 can form a limiting surface of the piston cylinder barrel body 11. The both ends of spray gun body 1 set up connecting thread hole, and the connection external screw thread portion of attach fitting 6 can sealing connection in connecting thread hole.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulically-driven hydraulically-jetting infinite-stage fracturing device 100 includes a two-stage hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun structure, the hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun structure at the bottom end is a first-stage hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun 101, and a second-stage hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun 102 is connected above the first-stage hydraulically-jetting fracturing spray gun 101, and a method for using the hydraulically-driven hydraulically-jetting infinite-stage fracturing device 100 is described as follows by taking this embodiment as an example:
step a, after the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101 is assembled, hydraulic oil is injected into an oil inlet cavity 32 through a bent joint 33 connected with an oil inlet hole 321 of the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun, a multi-diameter short section sleeve 5 moves downwards under the action of the hydraulic oil to be sleeved on a clamping claw part 21, each clamping claw 211 is radially recovered, and the clamping claw part 21 reaches the state of a setting dart body 8; hydraulic oil is injected into the oil discharge cavity 31 through the elbow joint 33 connected with the oil outlet 311, and the injection amount of the hydraulic oil meets the position requirement of the hydraulic piston 4;
the two ends of the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101 are both connected with the connecting joints 6, and the connecting joints 6 at the upper ends realize the sealing communication of the two-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structures; after the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102 is assembled, the clamping claw part 21 is in a radial opening state and is connected with the oil outlet 311 of the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101 and the oil inlet 321 of the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102 through the hydraulic pipeline 7; hydraulic oil is injected into the oil discharge cavity 31 through the elbow joint 33 connected with the oil outlet 311, the injection amount of the hydraulic oil meets the position requirement of the hydraulic piston 4, and then the buffer pipe 34 which can be detachably connected with the free end in a sealing way is arranged at the oil outlet 311; throwing the dart body 8 into the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101 through the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102;
b, connecting the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite fracturing device 100 below an oil pipe, lowering the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite fracturing device 100 into the well through the oil pipe, and stopping lowering after reaching a specified fractured stratum;
c, pumping fluid from the ground, and setting the dart body 8 in the claw part 21 in the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101;
d, increasing the ground discharge capacity, increasing the underground pressure, shearing the shearing pin 23 of the reducing sliding sleeve 2 in the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101 under the action of high pressure, and driving the reducing sliding sleeve 2 and the baffle ring 15 to move downwards by the dart body 8 under the action of high-pressure fluid to expose the nozzle 9;
step e, the baffle ring 15 pushes the hydraulic piston 4 to move downwards, under the action of the hydraulic piston 4, hydraulic oil in an oil discharge cavity 31 of the first-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 101 enters an oil inlet cavity 32 (under the action of a communicated hydraulic system) of the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102 through the elbow joint 33 and the hydraulic pipeline 7, a reducing short sleeve 5 in the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102 moves downwards, and a jaw of a reducing sliding sleeve 2 in the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102 is closed;
f, increasing the ground pump pressure, injecting high-pressure fluid into the stratum through the nozzle 9, forming pressurization in the stratum, controlling annular pressure, realizing stratum fracture initiation, and completing the first-stage injection fracturing operation;
step g, after the first-stage jet fracturing is finished, throwing the dart body 8 into the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102, pumping fluid from the ground, and setting the dart body 8 in the claw part 21 in the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102;
step h, raising the ground pressure again, and repeating the step d;
step i, the baffle ring 15 pushes the hydraulic piston 4 to move downwards, and under the action of the hydraulic piston 4, hydraulic oil in the oil discharge cavity 31 of the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun 102 enters the buffer liquid pipe 34;
and step j, increasing the ground pump pressure, injecting high-pressure fluid into the second-stage stratum through the nozzle 9, forming pressurization in the stratum, controlling annular pressure, realizing stratum fracture initiation, and finishing the second-stage injection fracturing operation.
From the above, the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention, a hydraulic system can adjust the state of a reducing sliding sleeve of a hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, a dart body can be set after being put into the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure without mechanical packing, a nozzle is arranged on the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun structure, and the setting state of the dart body and the jet state of the nozzle are controlled by controlling the discharge capacity;
in the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device provided by the invention, the structures of all stages of hydraulic jet fracturing spray guns adopt the same structure, so that the hydraulic jet fracturing spray gun has high universality and simple structure, and particularly under complex underground conditions, the simple structure can ensure the reliability of the tool and has better sealing performance than external pipe transmission;
the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite fracturing device provided by the invention is simple and convenient in construction operation and high in safety, and due to the fact that the pipe column is not moved in the fracturing process, the safety coefficient is increased, and meanwhile, the construction operation is simple and convenient;
the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the invention starts fracturing from a far well end (the bottommost end) and ensures that fracturing is developed orderly in a multi-stage fracturing process;
the hydraulic transmission hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device provided by the invention has multiple fracturing stages and can realize fracturing of multiple layers of a pipe column in one trip.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN113333365B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-09 | 广西大学 | Piston salt core washing unit |
| CN114876370B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-03-28 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Multi-point directional jet drilling tool and method of use thereof |
| CN115163024B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-08-13 | 大安鸿源管业有限公司 | Novel hierarchical formula prevents spouting sand fracturing sand blasting unit |
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