CN111205346B - 齐墩果酸的衍生物及其医药用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种五环三萜类新型AMPK激动剂齐墩果酸的衍生物及其医药用途,具体如式I或式II所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物,它们可用制备具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的AMPK激动剂以及用于制备预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物。本发明的新型五环三萜类化合物具有显著的AMPK激动活性,且其活性显著优于公认的AMPK激动剂AICAR,同时具有更好的口服生物利用度等药代动力学性质和非常好的安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域,涉及具有AMPK激动活性的新型五环三萜类化合物,具体涉及齐墩果酸衍生物及其医药用途,本发明还涉及该类化合物在制备预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物中的用途及其药物组合物。
背景技术
AMPK(腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶)是调控机体能量代谢及炎症反应的关键激酶,其磷酸化激活可克服胰岛素抵抗、降血糖、降血脂(通过抑制脂肪酸及胆固醇的合成)、抗炎、抗凋亡、抗纤维化、促进线粒体合成、增强线粒体的氧化代谢、抗衰老和抗肿瘤等(Physiol.Rev.2009,89,1025)。近年来,AMPK的抗炎及抗纤维化作用已越发受到关注(Nature 2013,493,346),其可能的机制是AMPK通过增强雌激素相关受体α(ERRα)的转录功能而发挥抗炎和抗纤维化作用(Immunity 2015,43,80)。
越来越多的证据表明,AMPK功能异常与多种疾病的发生发展密切相关。AMPK介导的疾病包括代谢性疾病和心脑血管疾病,如胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、1型或2型糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖症、动脉粥样硬化、心肌缺血、心肌梗死、心律失常、冠心病、高血压、心衰、心肌肥大、心肌炎、糖尿病并发症(包括糖尿病心肌病、糖尿病肾病、视网膜病变、神经病变和糖尿病溃疡等)、非酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、酒精性脂肪肝、肝硬化、痛风、中风或脑梗死等;AMPK介导的疾病还包括炎症疾病、自身免疫性疾病、器官纤维化疾病、神经损伤性疾病或病原体感染所致的继发性疾病,如肺炎、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、闭塞性细支气管炎、特发性肺纤维化、囊性纤维化肺病、过敏性鼻炎、炎性肠病(如克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎)、多囊肾病、多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)、白塞氏病、系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、脊椎关节炎、骨关节炎、滑膜炎、肌腱炎、血栓闭塞性脉管炎、静脉炎、间歇性跛行、瘢痕瘤、银屑病、鱼鳞癣、大疱性类天疱疮、皮炎、接触性皮炎、胰腺炎、慢性肾炎、膀胱炎、脑膜炎、胃炎、败血症、坏疽性脓皮症、葡萄膜炎、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、α-共核蛋白病、抑郁症、多发性硬化症、肌萎缩侧索硬化病、纤维肌痛综合症、神经痛、唐氏综合征、哈勒沃登-施帕病、亨廷顿舞蹈病或威尔逊病等。
文献报道AMPK激动剂可预防和治疗多种AMPK介导的疾病(J.Med.Chem.,2015,582;Nature 2013,493,346;Experimental Neurology 2017,298,31;BiochemicalPharmacology 2010,80,1708;Current Drug Targets,2016,17,908;Nat Rev DrugDiscov,2019,DOI:10.1038/s41573-019-0019-2)。例如,临床上广泛使用的降糖药二甲双胍认为主要是通过激活AMPK而发挥多种临床功效(J.Clin.Invest.2001,108,1167)。尽管AMPK激动剂具有广泛的临床应用前景,然而,迄今为止,研制新型安全、有效的AMPK激动剂尚未取得实质性进展。由于安全性或有效性的原因,在研的AMPK激动剂进入临床研究阶段的寥寥无几。例如,广谱AMPK-β亚基激动剂MK-8722尽管可以降血糖,但在大鼠和猴子实验中发现动物心脏发生不可逆性心肌肥厚副作用(Science 2017,357,507)。此外,AICAR作为最常用的AMPK激动剂之一(Eur.J.Biochem.1995,229,558),也因其较大的毒副作用而被终止了临床实验(J Clin Pharmacol 1991,31:342–347)。
总之,临床上亟需开发活性高、毒副作用小的新型AMPK激动剂。另一方面,齐墩果酸是药用植物中常见的一个五环三萜,其具有广泛的生物活性(Nat Prod Rep 2011,28,543)。而对于活性更强的新型结构的五环三萜类衍生物如齐墩果酸衍生物的研究,在生物医药领域具有重大意义。
发明内容
发明目的:针对AMPK激动剂研发领域现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种新型齐墩果酸衍生物;本发明提供的新型齐墩果酸衍生物是一种新型的AMPK激动剂,因而可用于制备预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物。
本发明在对齐墩果酸进行结构改造时,意外地发现了一系列强效的新型AMPK激动剂,且其AMPK激动活性显著地优于公认的AMPK激动剂AICAR。
技术方案:为了实现上述目的,如本发明所述如下式I或式II所示的齐墩果酸衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物:
其中,
R1是H、C1-C5烷基或取代基Y取代的C1-C5烷基,所述取代基Y是OH、C(O)OH、C(O)NH2、NH2、NHC(O)CH3、吡咯烷-1-基、哌啶-1-基、哌嗪-1-基、4-甲基-哌嗪-1-基、吗啉-4-基、硫代吗啉-1,1-二氧代-4-基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、三甲基铵基或二乙醇胺基;
Ra是非取代的或取代基L取代的C1-C5烷基,所述取代基L是一个或两个独立地选自下列的取代基:OH、C(O)OH、NH2、吡咯烷-1-基、哌啶-1-基、哌嗪-1-基、4-甲基-哌嗪-1-基、吗啉-4-基、硫代吗啉-1,1-二氧代-4-基或NHC(O)CH(CH3)NHC(O)CH(CH3)NH。
在某些优选的实施方案中,所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物选自如下化合物:
本发明的化合物也可作为药用盐使用。该盐可为下列酸中的至少一种的酸盐:半乳糖二酸、D-葡糖醛酸、甘油磷酸、马尿酸、羟乙磺酸、乳糖酸、马来酸、1,5-萘二磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、新戊酸、对苯二甲酸、硫氰酸、胆酸、正十二烷基硫酸、苯磺酸、柠檬酸、D-葡萄糖,乙醇酸、乳酸、苹果酸、丙二酸、扁桃酸、磷酸、丙酸、盐酸、硫酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸、甲酸、氢碘酸、氢溴酸、甲烷磺酸、烟酸、硝酸、乳清酸、草酸、苦味酸、L-焦谷氨酸、糖精酸、水杨酸、龙胆酸、对甲苯磺酸、戊酸、棕榈酸、葵二酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸、乙酸、己二酸、碳酸、苯磺酸、乙烷二磺酸、乙基琥珀酸、富马酸、3-羟基萘-2-甲酸、1-羟基萘-2-甲酸、油酸、十一碳烯酸、抗坏血酸、樟脑酸、樟脑磺酸、二氯乙酸、乙烷磺酸。另一方面,该盐也可以是本发明的化合物与金属(包括钠、钾、钙等)离子或药学上可接受的胺(包括乙二胺、氨丁三醇等)、铵离子或胆碱形成的盐。本发明的化合物也可以按酯、前药形式、N-氧化物或其溶剂化物组成药物组合物。
本发明提供了所述的式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物在制备具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的AMPK激动剂中的应用。本发明的化合物对AMPK具有显著的激动活性,因而可用于制备具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的AMPK激动剂。
本发明还提供了所述的式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物在制备预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物中的用途。
其中,所述AMPK介导的疾病包括代谢性疾病、心脑血管疾病、炎症疾病、自身免疫性疾病、器官纤维化疾病、神经退行性疾病、病原体感染所致的继发性疾病、线粒体功能障碍或紊乱疾病或肿瘤。
所述AMPK介导的疾病,如代谢性疾病和心脑血管疾病,包括:如胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、1型或2型糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖症、动脉粥样硬化、心肌缺血、心肌梗死、心律失常、冠心病、高血压、心衰、心肌肥大、心肌炎、糖尿病并发症(包括糖尿病心肌病、糖尿病肾病、视网膜病变、神经病变和糖尿病溃疡等)、非酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、酒精性脂肪肝、肝硬化、痛风、中风或脑梗死等。
所述AMPK介导的疾病,如炎症疾病、自身免疫性疾病、器官纤维化疾病、神经损伤性疾病或病原体感染所致的继发性疾病,包括:肺炎、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、闭塞性细支气管炎、特发性肺纤维化、囊性纤维化肺病、过敏性鼻炎、炎性肠病(如克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎)、多囊肾病、多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)、白塞氏病、系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、脊椎关节炎、骨关节炎、滑膜炎、肌腱炎、血栓闭塞性脉管炎、静脉炎、间歇性跛行、瘢痕瘤、银屑病、鱼鳞癣、大疱性类天疱疮、皮炎、接触性皮炎、胰腺炎、慢性肾炎、膀胱炎、脑膜炎、胃炎、败血症、坏疽性脓皮症、葡萄膜炎、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、α-共核蛋白病、抑郁症、多发性硬化症、肌萎缩侧索硬化病、纤维肌痛综合症、神经痛、唐氏综合征、哈勒沃登-施帕病、亨廷顿舞蹈病或威尔逊病等。
所述AMPK介导的疾病,如线粒体功能障碍和紊乱疾病,包括:肌无力、肌阵挛、运动不耐受、卡恩斯-赛尔综合征、慢性疲乏综合征、利氏综合征、线粒体肌病-脑病-高乳酸血症、中风综合征或中风样发作。同样,本发明的化合物也可用于治疗肌肉营养不良状态,例如,杜氏肌营养不良、贝壳肌营养不良或弗立德希氏共济失调。
所述AMPK介导的疾病,如肿瘤,包括:骨癌、急性骨髓性白血病、慢性骨髓性白血病、急性淋巴细胞系白血病、慢性淋巴细胞系白血病、骨髓增生性疾病、多发性骨髓瘤、骨髓增生异常综合征、霍奇金氏淋巴瘤、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤、血管瘤、肉芽瘤、黄瘤、脑膜肉瘤、神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、成神经管细胞瘤、室管膜瘤、生殖细胞瘤(松果体瘤)、多形性成胶质细胞瘤、少突神经胶质细胞瘤、神经鞘瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、纤维神经瘤、肉瘤、食道癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、大肠癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、肾癌、前列腺癌、淋巴癌、睾丸癌、间质细胞癌、肺癌、肝癌、皮肤癌、恶性黑素瘤或基底细胞癌等。
本发明所述一种具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的的药物组合物,其中含有治疗有效量的式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物作为活性成份和药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明所述一种预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物组合物,其中含有治疗有效量的式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物作为活性成份和药学上可接受的辅料。
上述可任意混合的辅料根据剂型、给药形式等可以改变。辅料的例子包括赋形剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、香味剂、着色剂或甜味剂等。所述药物组合物可以是胶囊剂、散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、注射剂、糖浆剂、口服液、吸入剂、软膏剂、栓剂或贴剂等制剂学上常规的制剂形式。
如果需要,本发明的式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物可与一种或多种其他类型的预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物联合使用,包括但不限于以下几种联合用药的情形。
可选择与本发明的化合物联合使用的药物可以是一种或多种抗糖尿病药物,包括二甲双胍、磺酰脲类降糖药(如格列苯脲和格列美脲等)、葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂(如阿卡波糖和米格列醇等)、PPARγ激动剂(如吡格列酮和罗格列酮)、PPARα/γ双重激动剂、二肽基肽酶IV(DPP-IV)抑制剂(如西格列汀、沙格列汀、阿格列汀和利格列汀等)、格列奈类降糖药(如瑞格列奈和那格列奈等)、SGLT2抑制剂(如坎格列净、达格列净、恩格列净、依格列净、鲁格列净和托格列净等)、葡萄糖激酶激动剂(如HMS5552等)、胰岛素、胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)类药物(如埃塞那肽、利拉鲁肽、利司那肽、杜拉鲁肽、贝那鲁肽和阿必鲁肽等)、PTP1B抑制剂、糖原磷酸化酶抑制剂、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶抑制剂、AMPK激动剂、GPR40激动剂或GPR120激动剂。
可选择与本发明的化合物联合使用的药物可以是一种或多种减肥药物,包括氯卡色林、奥利司他和胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)类药物(如埃塞那肽、利拉鲁肽、利司那肽、杜拉鲁肽、贝那鲁肽和阿必鲁肽等)等。
可选择与本发明的化合物联合使用的药物可以是一种或多种抗非酒精性脂肪性肝病药物,包括:AMPK激动剂(如二甲双胍)、法尼酯X受体(FXR)激动剂(如奥贝胆酸、GS-9674、EDP-305和LJN452等)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)抑制剂(如GS-0976等)、凋亡信号调节激酶-1(ASK1)抑制剂(如Selonsertib等)、PPAR激动剂(如Elafibranor、Saroglitazar、IVA337和MSDC-0602K等)、半胱天冬酶(caspase)抑制剂(如Emricasan等)、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(SCD1)抑制剂(如Aramchol等)、长效胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(如Semaglutide等)、顶端钠依赖性胆盐转运体(ASBT)抑制剂(如Volixibat等)、血管粘附蛋白1(VAP-1)抑制剂(如BI 1467335等)、CCR5R阻断剂(如Cenicriviroc等)和甲状腺激素受体β(THR-β)激动剂(如MGL-3196等)等。
可选择与本发明的化合物联合使用的药物可以是一种或多种降血脂药物,包括烟酸、他汀类药物(如洛伐他丁、辛伐他汀、普伐他汀、美伐他汀、氟伐他汀、阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、罗伐他汀和pitavastatin)、胆固醇吸收抑制剂(如依折麦布等)、贝特类药物(如氯贝特、苯扎贝特、非诺贝特等)、PCSK9抑制剂(如Evolocumab和Alirocumab等)、CETP抑制剂(如anacetrapib等)、AMPK激动剂和ACC抑制剂(如GS-0976等)等。
本发明的式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物的用量可根据患者年龄、体重、症状和给药途径等而适当改变。当对成人(约60kg)给药时,式I或式II化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或酯或溶剂化物的给药剂量是1mg~1000mg/次,优选5mg~500mg/次,更优选10mg~60mg/次,每天给药1~3次。也可根据疾病程度的不同和剂型的不同而偏离此剂量范围。
本发明中使用的齐墩果酸可商业化购买。齐墩果酸衍生物的合成可参照实施例的方法或改进的方法进行。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
(1)本发明的新型齐墩果酸衍生物具有强效的AMPK激动活性,且其活性显著优于公认的AMPK激动剂AICAR。
(2)与先导化合物齐墩果酸相比,本发明的新型五环三萜类化合物具有更好的口服生物利用度等药代动力学性质。
(3)与现有的AMPK激动剂AICAR(因毒副作用大而终止了临床试验)和MK-8722(可导致不可逆性心肌肥厚副作用)相比,本发明的新型五环三萜类化合物具有非常好的安全性。
(4)本发明的新型齐墩果酸衍生物作为AMPK激动剂,比现有的AMPK激动剂具有成本低廉、易于制备及潜在的副作用小等优点,其即可单独使用,也可与一种或多种其他类型的预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物联合使用,有望成为新型预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物。
附图说明
图1为实施例中化合物B-1的单晶衍射图;
图2为部分化合物对Huh-7细胞AMPK激动活性图(Western Blot检测)。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例具体说明本发明的内容。在本发明中,以下所述的实施例是为了更好的阐述本发明,并不是用来限制本发明的范围。在不背离本发明的精神和范围的前提下,可以对本发明进行各种变化和修饰。
实施例1
12-烯-3β-乙酰氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-2)
取齐墩果酸(OA,10g,21.9mmol)溶于吡啶(150mL)中,加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.26g,2.19mmol),缓慢加入醋酸酐(8.3mL,87.6mmol),室温搅拌过夜。反应完毕后,加入1N盐酸(300mL),用乙酸乙酯(300mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(300mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,打浆(石油醚:二氯甲烷=50:1)抽滤,得化合物I-1(白色固体,8.2g,产率75%)。
取化合物I-1(5g,10mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(80mL)中,搅拌下缓慢滴加草酰氯(1.7mL,20mmol)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5滴),室温反应5小时。TLC检测反应完全后,减压蒸除溶剂,得化合物I-2(黄色固体,5.17g,产率100%)。
将化合物I-2(5.17g,10mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(80mL)中,加入2-溴乙胺氢溴酸盐(4g,20mmol),将三乙胺(5.5mL,40mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(20mL),利用恒压滴液漏斗将三乙胺的二氯甲烷溶液缓慢滴加到反应液中。室温搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应完全后,减压蒸除溶剂,加入水(300mL)用乙酸乙酯(300mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(300mL×3)洗涤,滤液浓缩,干燥,得到化合物I-3的粗品直接用于下一步反应。
将上一步得到的化合物I-3的粗品溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(100mL)中,加入碳酸钾(2.7g,20mml),50℃加热反应12小时。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入500mL冰水中,白色固体析出,抽滤,滤饼干燥。经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得到化合物A-2(白色固体,3.76g,两步产率72%):1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.40-5.16(m,1H),4.62-4.37(m,1H),4.23-4.02(m,2H),3.91-3.66(m,2H),2.94-2.78(m,1H),2.04(s,3H),1.13(s,3H),0.93(s,6H),0.90(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.76(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 524.5[M+H]+。
实施例2
齐墩果烷-12-烯-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-3β-醇
将化合物A-2(3.5g,6.6mmol)溶于50mL甲醇中,加入氢氧化钾(3.7g,66mmol),加热到50℃搅拌反应TLC检测反应完全。反应完毕后,冷却至室温,加入水50mL,用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(50mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得到化合物A-1(白色固体,3.0g,产率95%):1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ5.36-5.18(m,1H),4.26-4.03(m,2H),3.88-3.63(m,2H),3.27-3.15(m,1H),2.93-2.77(m,1H),1.13(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.90(s,6H),0.78(s,3H),0.76(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 482.4[M+H]+。
实施例3
12-烯-3β-丙酰氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-3)
取化合物A-1(200mg,0.4mmol)溶于吡啶中(3mL),依次加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(5mg,0.04mmol)、丙酸酐(133uL,1mmol),室温搅拌反应,TLC检测反应完全后,加入1N盐酸(5mL),用乙酸乙酯(5mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(5mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1),得到化合物A-3(白色固体,178mg,产率80%):1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.32-5.20(m,1H),4.58-4.42(m,1H),4.22-4.03(m,2H),3.91-3.71(m,2H),2.94-2.79(m,1H),2.32(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),0.93(s,6H),0.90(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.76(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 538.5[M+H]+。
实施例4
12-烯-3β-丁酰氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-4)
参照实施例3的方法,将丙酸酐替换成丁酸酐,制得化合物A-4:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.32-5.22(m,1H),4.55-4.42(m,1H),4.21-4.09(m,2H),3.91-3.68(m,2H),2.94-2.78(m,1H),2.28(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.13(s,2H),0.93(s,4H),0.90(s,2H),0.86(s,3H),0.76(s,2H).ESI-MS:m/z 552.5[M+H]+。
实施例5
12-烯-3β-戊酰氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-5)
参照实施例3的方法,将丙酸酐替换成戊酸酐,制得化合物A-5:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.31-5.22(m,1H),4.54-4.42(m,1H),4.21-4.06(m,2H),3.85-3.68(m,2H),2.90-2.82(m,1H),2.29(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.93(s,6H),0.91(s,3H),0.90(s,3H),0.86(s,6H),0.76(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 566.5[M+H]+。
实施例6
12-烯-3β-(4-氟苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-6)
取化合物A-1(200mg,0.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中(3mL),依次加入N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(247mg,1.2mmol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(48mg,0.4mmol)和对氟苯甲酸(122μL,1mmol),室温搅拌反应。TLC检测反应完全后用水(5mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得化合物A-6(白色固体,188mg,产率78%):1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(dd,J=8.4,5.7Hz,2H),7.10(t,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.32-5.22(m,1H),4.82-4.64(m,1H),4.24-4.04(m,2H),3.91-3.64(m,2H),2.95-2.77(m,1H),1.00(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),0.94(s,6H),0.91(s,3H),0.78(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 604.5[M+H]+。
实施例7
12-烯-3β-(4-氯苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-7)
参照实施例6的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对氯苯甲酸,制得化合物A-7:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.41(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.48-5.39(m,1H),4.82-4.63(m,1H),3.93-3.72(m,2H),3.67-3.53(m,2H),2.64-2.48(m,1H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.92(s,12H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 620.4[M+H]+。
实施例8
12-烯-3β-(4-甲基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-8)
参照实施例6的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对甲基苯甲酸,制得化合物A-8:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.00(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.27(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),5.46-5.40(m,1H),4.78-4.66(m,1H),3.65-3.56(m,2H),3.43-3.26(m,2H),2.63-2.50(m,1H),2.43(s,3H),1.19(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.92(s,6H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 600.4[M+H]+。
实施例9
12-烯-3β-(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-9)
参照实施例6的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对甲氧基苯甲酸,制得化合物A-9:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.07(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.95(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.52-5.33(m,1H),4.78-4.60(m,1H),3.88(s,3H),3.68-3.58(m,2H),3.46-3.23(m,2H),2.64-2.48(m,1H),1.19(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.92(s,9H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 616.5[M+H]+。
实施例10
12-烯-3β-(4-三氟甲氧基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-10)
参照实施例6的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对三氟甲氧基苯甲酸,制得化合物A-10:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.10(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.52-5.43(m,1H),4.83-4.74(m,1H),3.69-3.43(m,2H),3.36-3.13(m,2H),2.56-2.43(m,1H),1.23(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),0.93(s,6H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 692.8[M+Na]+。
实施例11
12-烯-3β-(4-甲氧酰基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-11)
参照实施例6的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对甲氧酰基苯甲酸,制得化合物A-11:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26-7.96(m,4H),5.46-5.39(m,1H),4.83-4.69(m,1H),3.95(s,3H),3.66-3.56(m,2H),3.42-3.25(m,2H),2.66-2.49(m,1H),1.19(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.00(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),0.92(s,6H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 644.4[M+H]+。
实施例12
12-烯-3β-(3-吡啶甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-12)
参照实施例6的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成烟酸,制得化合物A-12:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.22(s,1H),8.76(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),8.29(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.44-7.33(m,1H),5.41-5.17(m,1H),4.85-4.67(m,1H),4.27-4.03(m,2H),3.90-3.62(m,2H),2.97-2.76(m,1H),1.15(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),0.94(s,6H),0.91(s,3H),0.78(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 587.6[M+H]+。
实施例13
12-烯-3β-(2-羧基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-13)
取化合物A-1(200mg,0.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中(4mL),依次加入N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(247mg,1.2mmol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(48mg,0.4mmol)和邻苯二甲酸单苄酯(205mg,0.8mmol),室温搅拌反应。TLC检测反应完全后用水(5mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得化合物I-4(白色固体,260mg,产率78%)。
取化合物I-4(200mg,0.277mmol)溶于DCM(4mL)中,加入10%钯碳(10mg),氢气氛围下室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测反应完全后,过滤硅藻土,滤液浓缩,得化合物A-13(白色固体,156mg,产率90%):1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.88-7.79(m,1H),7.73-7.64(m,1H),7.59-7.47(m,2H),5.32-5.26(m,1H),4.82-4.67(m,1H),4.28-4.14(m,2H),3.96-3.69(m,2H),2.94-2.79(m,1H),1.15(s,3H),0.97(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.90(s,6H),0.76(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z630.6[M+H]+。
实施例14
12-烯-3β-磷酸氧基-28-(噁唑啉-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物A-14)
取化合物A-1(200mg,0.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中(8mL),首先加入1H-四氮唑(109μL,1.2mmol),室温搅拌10分钟,再加入二苄基N,N-二异丙基亚磷酰胺(153μL,0.45mmol),在氮气氛围下,室温搅拌4小时,TLC检测反应完全后加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(157mg,0.9mmol),室温搅拌4小时,TLC检测反应完全后,加入饱和氯化铵溶液(8mL)淬灭,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(5mL×2)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=15:1)纯化,得化合物I-4(白色固体,266mg,产率74%)。
取化合物I-4(200mg,0.23mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(2mL)、甲醇(2mL)的混合溶剂中,加入10%钯碳(10mg),氢气氛围下室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测反应完全后,过滤硅藻土,滤液浓缩,用乙酸乙酯打浆,得化合物A-14(白色固体,72mg,产率56%):1H NMR(300MHz,C5D5N)δ5.46-5.38(m,1H),4.90-4.81(m,1H),4.23-4.03(m,2H),3.92-3.73(m,2H),3.28-3.11(m,2H),1.27(s,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.07(s,3H),0.98(s,6H),0.94(s,6H).ESI-MS:m/z560.5[M-H]-。
实施例15
12-烯-3β-乙酰氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-2)
取实施例1中的化合物I-1(5g,10mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(80mL)中,搅拌下缓慢滴加草酰氯(1.7mL,20mmol)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5滴),室温反应5小时。TLC检测反应完全后,减压蒸除溶剂,得化合物I-2(黄色固体,5.17g,产率100%)。
将化合物I-2(5.17g,10mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(80mL)中,加入3-溴丙胺氢溴酸盐(4.4g,20mmol),将三乙胺(5.5mL,40mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(20mL),利用恒压滴液漏斗将三乙胺的二氯甲烷溶液缓慢滴加到反应液中。室温搅拌过夜。TLC检测反应完全后,减压蒸除溶剂,加入水(300mL)用乙酸乙酯(300mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(300mL×3)洗涤,滤液浓缩,干燥,得到化合物I-3的粗品直接用于下一步反应。
将上一步得到的化合物I-3的粗品溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(100mL)中,加入碳酸钾(2.7g,20mml),50℃加热反应12小时。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入500mL冰水中,白色固体析出,抽滤,滤饼干燥。用甲醇重结晶,得到化合物B-2(白色固体,3.57g,两步产率64%):1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ5.27-5.14(m,1H),4.56-4.40(m,1H),4.20-3.96(m,2H),3.45-3.24(m,2H),2.89-2.74(m,1H),2.04(s,3H),1.12(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.92(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.87(s,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 538.5[M+H]+。
实施例16
齐墩果烷-12-烯-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-3β-醇(化合物B-1)
将化合物B-2(3.5g,6.2mmol)溶于50mL甲醇中,加入氢氧化钾(3.4g,62mmol),加热到50℃搅拌反应,TLC检测反应完全,反应完毕后,冷却至室温,加入水50mL,用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(50mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,经甲醇重结晶,得到化合物B-1(白色固体,2.7g,产率87%):1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ5.29-5.12(m,1H),4.17-3.96(m,2H),3.42-3.29(m,2H),3.28-3.14(m,1H),2.90-2.74(m,1H),1.12(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.91(s,6H),0.88(s,3H),0.81(s,3H),0.78(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 496.4[M+H]+。化合物B-1的单晶衍射如图1所示。
实施例17
12-烯-3β-丙酰氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-3)
取化合物B-1(200mg,0.40mmol)溶于吡啶中(3mL),依次加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(5mg,0.04mmol)、丙酸酐(133uL,1mmol),室温搅拌反应,TLC检测反应完全后,加入1N盐酸(5mL),用乙酸乙酯(5mL×3)萃取,饱和食盐水(5mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1),得到化合物B-3(白色固体,166mg,产率75%):1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.24-5.16(m,1H),4.55-4.44(m,1H),4.17-4.00(m,2H),3.33(t,J=9.9Hz,2H),2.87-2.75(m,1H),2.32(q,J=6.6Hz,2H),0.94(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 552.6[M+H]+。
实施例18
12-烯-3β-丁酰氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-4)
参照实施例17的方法,将丙酸酐替换成丁酸酐,制得化合物B-4:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.24-5.16(m,1H),4.55-4.44(m,1H),4.17-4.00(m,2H),3.33(t,J=9.9Hz,2H),2.87-2.75(m,1H),2.32(q,J=6.6Hz,2H),0.94(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 566.7[M+H]+。
实施例19
12-烯-3β-戊酰氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-5)
参照实施例17的方法,将丙酸酐替换成戊酸酐,制得化合物B-5:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.23-5.13(m,1H),4.55-4.41(m,1H),4.17-4.00(m,2H),3.39-3.27(m,2H),2.89-2.74(m,2H),2.29(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),1.12(s,3H),0.93(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.87(s,3H),0.85(s,6H),0.80(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 580.5[M+H]+。
实施例20
12-烯-3β-(4-氟苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-6)
取化合物B-1(200mg,0.40mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中(3mL),依次加入N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(247mg,1.2mmol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(48mg,0.4mmol)和对氟苯甲酸(122mg,1mmol),室温搅拌反应。TLC检测反应完全后用水(5mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得化合物B-6(白色固体,186mg,产率80%):1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05(dd,J=8.3,5.6Hz,2H),7.10(t,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.42-5.34(m,1H),4.78-4.65(m,1H),3.65-3.44(m,2H),3.27-2.98(m,2H),2.65-2.44(m,1H),1.19(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.91(s,6H),0.79(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 618.5[M+H]+。
实施例21
齐墩果烷-12-烯-3β-(4-氯苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)(化合物B-7)
参照实施例20的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对氯苯甲酸,制得化合物B-7:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.41(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.40(m,1H),4.82-4.61(m,1H),3.66-3.47(m,2H),3.35-3.06(m,2H),2.68-2.39(m,1H),1.19(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.92(s,6H),0.79(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 635.5[M+H]+。
实施例22
12-烯-3β-(4-甲基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-8)
参照实施例20的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对甲基苯甲酸,制得化合物B-8:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.92(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.45-5.33(m,1H),4.80-4.57(m,1H),3.86(s,3H),3.64-3.43(m,2H),3.27-3.09(m,2H),2.57-2.38(m,2H),1.18(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.91(s,6H),0.79(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z614.4[M+H]+。
实施例23
12-烯-3β-(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-9)
参照实施例20的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对甲氧基苯甲酸,制得化合物B-9:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.01(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),6.93(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.45-5.37(m,1H),4.79-4.63(m,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.67-3.50(m,2H),3.29-3.12(m,2H),2.67-2.49(m,1H),1.20(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.95(s,3H),0.93(s,6H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z630.5[M+H]+。
实施例24
12-烯-3β-(4-三氟甲氧基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-10)
参照实施例20的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对三氟甲氧基苯甲酸,制得化合物B-10:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.10(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.32-7.25(m,2H),5.45-5.34(m,1H),4.83-4.64(m,1H),3.69-3.43(m,2H),3.26-3.03(m,2H),2.66-2.43(m,1H),1.20(s,3H),1.03(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.96(s,3H),0.93(s,6H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 684.4[M+H]+。
实施例25
12-烯-3β-(4-甲氧酰基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-11)
参照实施例20的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成对甲氧酰基苯甲酸,制得化合物B-11:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26-7.96(m,4H),5.46-5.39(m,1H),4.83-4.69(m,1H),3.95(s,3H),3.66-3.56(m,2H),3.42-3.25(m,2H),2.66-2.49(m,1H),1.18(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.99(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.93(s,6H),0.81(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 658.4[M+H]+。
实施例26
12-烯-3β-(3-吡啶甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-12)
参照实施例20的方法,将对氟苯甲酸替换成烟酸,制得化合物B-12:1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.25(s,1H),8.78(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),8.31(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.40(dd,J=7.7,4.9Hz,1H),5.27-5.13(m,1H),4.90-4.68(m,1H),4.26-3.95(m,2H),3.42-3.26(m,2H),2.98-2.77(m,1H),1.17(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.97(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.85(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 601.5[M+H]+。
实施例27
12-烯-3β-(2-羧基苯甲酰基)氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-13)
取化合物B-1(200mg,0.39mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中(4mL),依次加入N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(247mg,1.2mmol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(48mg,0.4mmol)和邻苯二甲酸单苄酯(205mg,0.8mmol),室温搅拌反应。TLC检测反应完全后用水(5mL×2)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得化合物I-6(白色固体,208mg,产率73%)。
取化合物I-6(200mg,0.272mmol)溶于DCM(4mL)中,加入10%钯碳(10mg),氢气氛围下室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测反应完全后,过滤硅藻土,滤液浓缩,得化合物B-15(白色固体,164mg,产率92%):1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.58(s,1H),7.78(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.61(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),7.50-7.37(m,2H),5.33-5.18(m,1H),4.80-4.64(m,1H),4.31-4.18(m,2H),3.75-3.38(m,2H),2.95-2.72(m,1H),1.15(s,3H),0.98(s,3H),0.94(s,3H),0.91(s,3H),0.90(s,3H),0.89(s,3H),0.79(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 642.4[M-H]-。
实施例28
12-烯-3β-磷酸氧基-28-(5,6-二氢-4H-1,3-噁嗪-2-基)-齐墩果烷(化合物B-14)
取化合物B-1(200mg,0.40mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中(8mL),首先加入1H-四氮唑(109μL,1.2mmol),室温搅拌10分钟,再加入二苄基N,N-二异丙基亚磷酰胺(153μL,0.45mmol),在氮气氛围下,室温搅拌4小时,TLC检测反应完全后加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(157mg,0.9mmol),室温搅拌4小时,TLC检测反应完全后,加入饱和氯化铵溶液(8mL)淬灭,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(5mL×2)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=15:1)纯化,得化合物I-7(白色固体,275mg,产率80%)。
取化合物I-7(200mg,0.26mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(2mL)、甲醇(2mL)的混合溶剂中,加入10%钯碳(10mg),氢气氛围下室温搅拌反应过夜。TLC检测反应完全后,过滤硅藻土,滤液浓缩,用乙酸乙酯打浆,得化合物B-14(白色固体,61mg,产率40%):1H NMR(300MHz,C5D5N)δ5.38-5.31(m,1H),4.89-4.77(m,1H),4.11-3.90(m,2H),3.48-3.30(m,2H),3.23-3.12(m,1H),1.23(s,6H),1.04(s,3H),0.97(s,6H),0.94(s,3H),0.90(s,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 574.5[M-H]-。
实施例29
化合物对Huh-7细胞AMPK激动作用的活性评价
采用Western Blot方法检测化合物对Huh-7细胞AMPK的激动活性。
1、细胞系:Huh-7细胞(人源肝癌细胞,购自中国科学院干细胞库),用DMEM完全培养基(含10%胎牛血清和1%streptomycin/penicillin),在37℃含有5%CO2的细胞培养箱中培养。
2、抗体:anti-AMPK(Cell Signaling Technology 2532S);anti-pAMPK(Thr172,Cell Signaling Technology 2535S);GAPDH(arigobio),HRP标记的山羊抗兔IgG二抗,HRP标记的山羊抗小鼠IgG二抗(碧云天)。
3、Western Blot实验:检测化合物对Huh-7细胞AMPK磷酸化水平的影响。
取活细胞比例90%以上的细胞进行实验。在12孔板中,Huh-7细胞按照20万每孔铺板。在37℃含有5%CO2的培养箱中培养24小时,贴壁。在完全培养基条件下给予受试化合物,化合物终浓度均设置为10μM,给药时间为12小时,采用AICAR(200μM)、齐墩果酸(10μM)作为阳性对照化合物。随后提取蛋白进行Western Blot检测。具体步骤如下:
蛋白样品制备:弃去原培养液,用1×PBS洗涤3次,弃去PBS,每孔加入100μl RIPAbuffer(1×PBS,1%NP40,0.5%脱氧胆酸钠,0.1%SDS,PMSF等),冰上孵育15min,用细胞刮刀将细胞刮下,吸至新的1.5ml EP管中,4℃,12000g,离心15min,将上清转移至新的1.5mlEP管中,放置于冰上,加入1/5体积的6×loading buffer,95℃金属浴加热10min后离心1min,冻存至-20℃备用。
蛋白定量:将蛋白样品20倍稀释,在96孔板中,依次加入20μl稀释后的蛋白样品,200μl BCA(A液:B液=5:1)试剂,37℃孵育30min,在酶标仪上562nm波长下测定OD值,根据标准曲线计算蛋白浓度。
电泳:灌制SDS-PAGE胶,分离胶浓度为10%,浓缩胶浓度为4%。蛋白样品预先在95℃金属浴加热4min后离心1min,每个样品上样30μg总蛋白,用微量进样器逐个加样。连接电源(注意正负极连接),开始时以60V恒压电泳,当蛋白样品进入分离胶时将电压调至100V继续恒压电泳。当溴酚蓝到达分离胶底部时,根据蛋白marker的分离情况终止电泳。
转膜:将电泳后的胶轻轻取出,切去不需要的部分,将需要的胶浸入Transferbuffer。准备与胶的大小一致的PVDF膜,用前将PVDF膜用甲醇浸透1min,转移至Transferbuffer中,同时将滤纸放入Transfer buffer中浸透。在转印仪阴极的电极板上依次铺上海绵、滤纸、胶、PVDF膜、滤纸和海绵。每层之间都避免有气泡。接通电源,200mA恒流冰浴转印2.5h。
抗体杂交:转膜结束后,取出PVDF膜用l×TBST清洗1遍,放入预先准备好的封闭液中(含0.1%Tween20的1×TBS配置的5%BSA溶液),室温封闭1h。一抗孵育4℃过夜。第二天(12h后),用1×TBST洗3次,每次10min。二抗孵育:用5%BSA稀释的二抗(1:10000)室温孵育1h,1×TBST洗3次,每次10min。吸去PVDF膜上的多余液体,铺在曝光板上,加入等体积混合的ECL试剂盒液体TanonTM High-sig ECL Western Blotting Peroxide Buffer和TanonTMHigh-sig ECL Western Blotting Luminol/Enhancer Solution,运用Tanon化学发光成像仪,ECL显影,采集免疫反应带。
4、实验结果:对Western Blot实验结果进行灰度扫描后将阴性对照DMSO的p-AMPK/AMPK比值定义为1,本发明合成的受试化合物p-AMPK/AMPK比值为阴性对照组的相对比值,该数值越大,表明化合物的AMPK激动活性越强,活性数据结果如表1所示。
表1、化合物的AMPK激动活性(阳性对照AICAR浓度为200μM;齐墩果酸、受试化合物浓度为10μM)
如表1和图2的实验结果所示,在10μM浓度下,本发明提供的新型齐墩果酸衍生物具有显著的AMPK激动活性。例如,化合物A-1、A-2、A-3、A-4、A-5、A-12、B-5、B-12、B-13、B-14化合物均是强效的AMPK激动剂,且活性显著优于200μM的AICAR,也明显优于齐墩果酸,尤其是A-1、A3和B14。以上实验结果表明,本发明的化合物对AMPK具有显著的激动活性,因而可用于制备具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的AMPK激动剂,并进而可用于制备预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物。本发明实施例中其他未列举化合物其合成方法均可参考上述实施例,并且对AMPK也同样具有显著的激动活性。
实施例30
片剂
将实施例28中制得的化合物B-14或者其他实施例的化合物(50g)、羟丙甲基纤维素E(150g)、淀粉(200g)、聚维酮K30适量和硬脂酸镁(1g)混合,制粒,压片。
此外,可以根据药典2015版常规制剂法,将实施例1~28制得的化合物赋予不同的药物辅料制成胶囊剂、散剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、注射剂、糖浆剂、口服液、吸入剂、软膏剂、栓剂或贴剂等。
Claims (10)
4.一种权利要求1-3任一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的AMPK激动剂中的应用。
5.一种权利要求1-3任一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物中的用途。
6.根据权利要5所述的用途,所述AMPK介导的疾病包括代谢性疾病、心脑血管疾病、炎症疾病、自身免疫性疾病、器官纤维化疾病、神经退行性疾病、病原体感染所致的继发性疾病、线粒体功能障碍或紊乱疾病或肿瘤。
7.根据权利要5所述的用途,所述AMPK介导的疾病包括胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、1型或2型糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖症、动脉粥样硬化、心肌缺血、心肌梗死、心律失常、冠心病、高血压、心衰、心肌肥大、心肌炎、糖尿病并发症、非酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、酒精性脂肪肝、肝硬化、痛风、中风、脑梗死、肺炎、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、闭塞性细支气管炎、特发性肺纤维化、囊性纤维化肺病、过敏性鼻炎、炎性肠病、多囊肾病、多囊卵巢综合征、白塞氏病、系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、脊椎关节炎、骨关节炎、滑膜炎、肌腱炎、血栓闭塞性脉管炎、静脉炎、间歇性跛行、瘢痕瘤、银屑病、鱼鳞癣、大疱性类天疱疮、皮炎、接触性皮炎、胰腺炎、慢性肾炎、膀胱炎、脑膜炎、胃炎、败血症、坏疽性脓皮症、葡萄膜炎、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、α-共核蛋白病、抑郁症、多发性硬化症、肌萎缩侧索硬化病、纤维肌痛综合症、神经痛、唐氏综合征、哈勒沃登-施帕病、亨廷顿舞蹈病、威尔逊病、肌无力、肌阵挛、运动不耐受、卡恩斯-赛尔综合征、慢性疲乏综合征、利氏综合征、线粒体肌病-脑病-高乳酸血症、中风综合征、中风样发作、杜氏肌营养不良、贝壳肌营养不良、弗立德希氏共济失调或肿瘤。
8.一种具有增强AMPK磷酸化水平活性的的药物组合物,其包含如权利要求1~2任一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐作为活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料。
9.一种预防或治疗AMPK介导的疾病的药物组合物,其包含如权利要求1~2任一项所述的衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐作为活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物为胶囊剂、散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、注射剂、糖浆剂、口服液、吸入剂、软膏剂、栓剂或贴剂。
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