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CN111204084B - 一种tpu/非织造布弹性层压复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种tpu/非织造布弹性层压复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111204084B
CN111204084B CN201911231865.8A CN201911231865A CN111204084B CN 111204084 B CN111204084 B CN 111204084B CN 201911231865 A CN201911231865 A CN 201911231865A CN 111204084 B CN111204084 B CN 111204084B
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CN111204084A (zh
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刘彦平
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Suzhou Yuyan New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料及其制备方法，所述TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料依序包括改性TPU薄膜层、胶水层、非织造布层，所述改性TPU薄膜层由TPU颗粒100份和TPU改性剂3份制备而成。同时在所公开的制备方法中，采用了烘干定型、涂布、改性、塑化、过滤、压延等制备工艺。制备而成的TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料，具备较好的透气效果和力学性能，适用于制造气胀式救生衣、充气船、充气帐篷等。

Description

一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织材料技术领域，具体涉及一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
非织造布是一种将纺织短纤维或者长丝进行定向或随机排列，形成纤网结构，然后采用机械、热粘或化学等方法加固而成，具有多学科技术交叉的特点。近年来，非织造布的应用领域不断扩展，在纺织领域发展非常迅猛，被认为是未来纺织工业发展的一个新的经济增长点。由于弹性非织造布有较好的延展性能，可广泛应用于服装、家用纺织品、医疗卫生材料等领域，得到了各研究单位及企业的重视。弹性的非织造布的出现，不仅扩宽了现有非织造布的应用领域，而且提高了非织造布的附加值。
TPU即热可塑性聚氨基甲酸酯，是一种由低聚物多元醇软段与二异氰酸酯－扩链剂硬段构成的线性嵌段共聚物。TPU可以被流涎、吹膜、压延或涂层做成薄膜，具有弹性好、强韧、耐磨、耐寒性好、环保无毒的优越特性。TPU复合面料是将一层或多层纺织材料、无纺材料及其他功能材料经粘结贴合而成的一种新型材料。
鉴于上述两种纺织材料各自的特点，如何能够将非织造布和TPU材料通过一定工艺方法结合，形成一种兼具二者优势的新型纺织材料，就成为研究人员日益关注的重点。
发明内容
基于当前尚未有兼具TPU材料和非织造布特点的新型纺织材料的问题，本发明提供一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料及其制备方法。
.一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料，所述弹性层压复合材料依序包括改性TPU薄膜层、胶水层、非织造布层，所述改性TPU薄膜层由TPU颗粒100份和TPU改性剂3份制备而成。
本发明通过对TPU材料进行改性，对TPU纺织材料及与非织造布的结合稳定性进行了有效的改善，同时提高了复合材料的耐曲折性和拉伸强度，对于实现本发明的技术效果起到了决定性的作用。
进一步的，所述TPU改性剂为偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯所组成的混合物，其中偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为（5-8）:（2-4）。
更进一步的，所述偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为2:1。
本发明还提供了一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将非织造布作为基布在110-120℃的温度条件下烘干定型；
2）按照90-120g/m2的上胶量将胶水均匀涂布在已烘干定型的非织造布表面上，并于烘箱中高温去除溶剂，得到具有胶水层的非织造布；
3）将TPU颗粒和TPU改性剂按照100:3的重量份数比加入到高速混合机中，在110-115℃的温度下按照800-1000 r/min的搅拌速率加热搅拌，搅拌时间8-10分钟，得到改性TPU混合料；
4）将改性TPU混合料经塑化、过滤、压延，得到改性TPU薄膜；
5）将改性TPU薄膜与具有胶水层的非织造布经贴合机贴合后加压收卷，得TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料。
进一步的，所述步骤3）中的TPU改性剂为偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯所组成的混合物，其中偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为（5-8）:（2-4）。
进一步的，所述步骤4）中的塑化是将改性TPU混合料于140-150℃的温度下进行塑化，压延是将经塑化并过滤的改性TPU混合料经四辊压延机压延成膜。
通过本发明的制备方法制备而成的TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料，具备较好的材料弹性，并且经久耐用，适用于制造气胀式救生衣、充气船、充气帐篷等。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，以下结合具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及／或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
以下实施例中所用原料和试剂均为市售普通原料和试剂。
一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料，所述弹性层压复合材料依序包括改性TPU薄膜层、胶水层、非织造布层，所述改性TPU薄膜层由TPU颗粒100份和TPU改性剂3份制备而成。
在一优选的实施方式中，所述TPU改性剂为偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯所组成的混合物，其中偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为（5-8）:（2-4）。
在一更为优选的实施方式中，所述偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为2:1。
一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将非织造布作为基布在110-120℃的温度条件下烘干定型；
2）按照90-120g/m2的上胶量将胶水均匀涂布在已烘干定型的非织造布表面上，并于烘箱中高温去除溶剂，得到具有胶水层的非织造布；
3）将TPU颗粒和TPU改性剂按照100:3的重量份数比加入到高速混合机中，在110-115℃的温度下按照800-1000 r/min的搅拌速率加热搅拌，搅拌时间8-10分钟，得到改性TPU混合料；
4）将改性TPU混合料经塑化、过滤、压延，得到改性TPU薄膜；
5）将改性TPU薄膜与具有胶水层的非织造布经贴合机贴合后加压收卷，得TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料。
在一优选的实施方式中，所述步骤3）中的TPU改性剂为偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯所组成的混合物，其中偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为（5-8）:（2-4）。
在一优选的实施方式中，所述步骤4）中的塑化是将改性TPU混合料于140-150℃的温度下进行塑化，压延是将经塑化并过滤的改性TPU混合料经四辊压延机压延成膜。
下面通过实施例进一步阐明本发明。需要指出的是，本发明并非仅局限于所述实施例。
实施例1
1）将非织造布作为基布在110℃的温度条件下烘干定型；
2）按照90g/m2的上胶量将胶水均匀涂布在已烘干定型的非织造布表面上，并于烘箱中高温去除溶剂，得到具有胶水层的非织造布；
3）将TPU颗粒和TPU改性剂按照100:3的重量份数比加入到高速混合机中，在110℃的温度下按照800 r/min的搅拌速率加热搅拌，搅拌时间8分钟，得到改性TPU混合料；
4）将改性TPU混合料于140℃的温度下进行塑化，压延是将经塑化并过滤的改性TPU混合料经四辊压延机压延成膜，得到改性TPU薄膜；
5）将改性TPU薄膜与具有胶水层的非织造布经贴合机贴合后加压收卷，得TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料。
实施例2
1）将非织造布作为基布在120℃的温度条件下烘干定型；
2）按照120g/m2的上胶量将胶水均匀涂布在已烘干定型的非织造布表面上，并于烘箱中高温去除溶剂，得到具有胶水层的非织造布；
3）将TPU颗粒和TPU改性剂按照100:3的重量份数比加入到高速混合机中，在115℃的温度下按照1000 r/min的搅拌速率加热搅拌，搅拌时间10分钟，得到改性TPU混合料；
4）将改性TPU混合料于150℃的温度下进行塑化，压延是将经塑化并过滤的改性TPU混合料经四辊压延机压延成膜，得到改性TPU薄膜；
5）将改性TPU薄膜与具有胶水层的非织造布经贴合机贴合后加压收卷，得TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料。
对比例
本对比例的TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料所用的原材料与制备方法基本同实施例1，不同在于，未对TPU颗粒进行改性，即减去了步骤3）。
性能测试
对实施例1-2以及对比例所制备的TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料依据相关国家标准中的通用测试方法进行性能测试。
表1 产品性能测试
伸长率/% 耐曲折性/MPa 拉伸强度/MPa
实施例1 550 57 64
实施例2 600 54 66
对比例 450 52 60
市售TPU材料 450 47 55
测试结果如上表所示，实施例1-2的TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料与对比例相比，在材料弹性上具有十分显著的提升；并且对比例与市售普通TPU材料相比，也在力学性能上有显著提高。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将非织造布作为基布在110-120℃的温度条件下烘干定型；
2)按照90-120g/m2的上胶量将胶水均匀涂布在已烘干定型的非织造布表面上，并于烘箱中加热去除溶剂，得到具有胶水层的非织造布；
3)将TPU颗粒和TPU改性剂按照100:3的重量份数比加入到高速混合机中，在110-115℃的温度下按照800-1000r/min的搅拌速率加热搅拌，搅拌时间8-10分钟，得到改性TPU混合料，所述TPU改性剂为偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯所组成的混合物，其中偏苯三酸三辛酯和尼龙酸二异丁酯的重量份数比为(5-8):(2-4)；
4)将改性TPU混合料经塑化、过滤、压延，得到改性TPU薄膜，所述塑化是将改性TPU混合料于140-150℃的温度下进行塑化，压延是将经塑化并过滤的改性TPU混合料经四辊压延机压延成膜；
5)将改性TPU薄膜与具有胶水层的非织造布经贴合机贴合后加压收卷，得TPU/非织造布弹性层压复合材料。
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