CN111168484A - A single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted grinding device and its operation technology - Google Patents
A single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted grinding device and its operation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111168484A CN111168484A CN202010036266.7A CN202010036266A CN111168484A CN 111168484 A CN111168484 A CN 111168484A CN 202010036266 A CN202010036266 A CN 202010036266A CN 111168484 A CN111168484 A CN 111168484A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种单激励超声椭圆振动辅助磨削装置及其运行工艺，该装置主要包括隔振底座、前支架、后支架、防水罩、压电陶瓷换能器、纵振变幅杆和纵‑弯复合变幅杆，其中纵振变幅杆和纵‑弯复合变幅杆通过双头螺柱成一定角度连接。压电陶瓷换能器在外界激励电压作用下产生纵向超声振动，并将纵向超声振动通过纵振变幅杆放大，经过放大的超声振动传递至纵‑弯复合变幅杆，使得纵‑弯复合变幅杆在其末端产生纵向振动和弯曲振动，从而形成椭圆运动轨迹。本发明通过单激励实现超声椭圆振动，结构简单，便于控制，可实现超声椭圆振动磨削加工，不仅能增大磨削材料去除率，还可以提高磨削质量。
The invention relates to a single excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary grinding device and its operation process. The device mainly includes a vibration isolation base, a front bracket, a rear bracket, a waterproof cover, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, a longitudinal vibration horn and a longitudinal vibration horn. ‑Bend composite horn, wherein the longitudinal vibration horn and the longitudinal‑bend composite horn are connected at a certain angle through double-ended studs. The piezoelectric ceramic transducer generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration under the action of the external excitation voltage, and the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration is amplified by the longitudinal vibration horn, and the amplified ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the longitudinal-bend composite horn, so that the longitudinal-bend composite horn The horn generates longitudinal vibration and bending vibration at its end, thus forming an elliptical motion trajectory. The invention realizes the ultrasonic elliptical vibration through single excitation, has a simple structure and is easy to control, can realize the ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding process, and can not only increase the grinding material removal rate, but also improve the grinding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding machining, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding device.
Technical Field
The grinding machining has the advantages of high machining precision, good machining quality, wide process range and the like, and is widely applied to machining of precision parts in the fields of aerospace, war industry, communication and the like. However, the large grinding force and grinding heat in the grinding process can cause damage to the surface and the sub-surface of the workpiece, reduce the service life of the grinding wheel and severely restrict the development of the grinding processing technology.
The ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding is a composite processing technology which improves the processing quality by applying one-dimensional or multidimensional ultrasonic vibration to a grinding wheel or a workpiece on the basis of the traditional grinding. After ultrasonic vibration is applied, the grinding wheel is in intermittent contact with the workpiece, the material removal mechanism is changed, the friction force between the abrasive particles and the workpiece is reduced, and the average action time is shortened, so that great help is brought to the reduction of the grinding force, the reduction of grinding heat, the reduction of the abrasion of the grinding wheel, and the improvement of the processing precision and the processing quality of the workpiece.
The invention patent (publication No. CN 206286938U) discloses a grinding device for applying ultrasonic vibration to a tool, which realizes grinding by fixing a grinding wheel at the end of an ultrasonic tool shank, and the application of the device is limited when the diameter of the grinding wheel is large. The invention patent (publication number: CN 106181596A) discloses a multi-angle two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding device, which changes the relative motion track of abrasive particles and a workpiece by adjusting the angles of two ultrasonic vibrators to generate different resonance directions, but the two ultrasonic vibrators are inconvenient to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary grinding device which is simple in structure and convenient to control, and aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a single-excitation ultrasonic elliptic vibration auxiliary grinding device comprises a vibration isolation base, a front bracket, a rear bracket, a waterproof cover, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, a longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer and a longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer; the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the tail end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer through a stud, the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is fixed on the inclined plane of the rear support through a flange, the waterproof cover is sleeved outside the piezoelectric transducer and the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer and is fixed on the inclined plane of the rear support, the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the tail end inclined plane structure of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer through the stud, the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer is fixed on the front support through a flange, and the front support and the rear support are respectively fixed on the vibration isolation base.
the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer mainly comprises a front end workbench, a flange and a tail end, wherein the cross section of the front end workbench is of a rectangular structure, the flange is positioned at a vibration node and is uniformly provided with small holes along the circumferential direction, the cross section of the tail end is circular or rectangular, the tail end is provided with an inclined plane structure, a certain included angle α is formed between the inclined plane and the axial direction of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer, the included angle is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and the inclined plane structure is provided with a threaded hole perpendicular to the inclined plane.
The longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer can be a single amplitude transformer structure or a multi-section composite amplitude transformer structure, the flange is positioned at a vibration node, threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a rectangular section groove is formed in the surface, close to the front end, of the flange.
Threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the waterproof cover, a groove with a rectangular cross section is formed in the surface connected with the rear support, a circular hole is formed in the top of the waterproof cover, and 4 threaded holes are uniformly distributed around the hole.
the rear support mainly comprises a bottom supporting structure and an inclined plane supporting structure, the bottom supporting structure and the inclined plane supporting structure have an acute included angle β, alpha + β =90 degrees, a central hole is formed in the middle of the inclined plane supporting structure, and rectangular cross-section grooves, uniformly distributed threaded holes, rectangular cross-section grooves and uniformly distributed threaded holes are sequentially formed in the radial direction of the central hole according to different radiuses.
In a grinding test, a workpiece is fixed on a front end workbench of a longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer, an ultrasonic power supply is started, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration under the action of an external excitation voltage and amplifies the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration through the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer, the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the tail end of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9, the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is converted into longitudinal vibration and bending vibration through a bevel structure at the tail end, the front end workbench of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 generates longitudinal vibration and bending vibration, the workpiece vibrates along a certain elliptical track, and ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding is achieved under the motion of a grinding wheel 11.
(1) According to the invention, the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is converted into longitudinal vibration and bending vibration through the inclined surface structure on the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer, so that the tail end of the worktable generates an elliptical motion track, the integral structure of the single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding device is simplified, the complexity of a vibration system is reduced, and the processing and manufacturing are convenient;
(2) the vibration grinding device only needs one ultrasonic power supply for excitation, has small control difficulty, avoids the problem of mutual matching of multiple excitations and improves the working reliability of a system;
(3) the device can increase the removal rate of grinding materials, can also improve the grinding quality, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the longitudinal-bending composite horn 9 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the longitudinal vibration horn 7 of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the waterproof cover 4 of fig. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rear bracket 2 of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a locus along which a workpiece vibrates along an elliptical locus.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding device of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding device of the present invention comprises a vibration isolation base 1, a front bracket 10, a rear bracket 2, a waterproof cover 4, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer 5, a longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 and a longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9; wherein, the front bracket 10 and the rear bracket 2 are respectively fixed on the vibration isolation base 1 through bolts 3. The longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 is fixed on the rear bracket 2, the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 is fixedly connected with the tail end 13 of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9, and the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 is fixed on the position of the front bracket 10 through a flange 14. The positive and negative electrode plates of the piezoelectric transducer 5 are externally connected with an ultrasonic power supply, and the piezoelectric transducer 5 is connected with the tail end of a longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 through a stud 6.
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 in fig. 1, the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 includes a front end workbench 15 for placing a workpiece, a flange 14 and a tail end 13, the cross section of the front end workbench 15 is a rectangular structure, the flange 14 is located at a vibration node, 4 small holes are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction, the cross section of the tail end 13 is circular or rectangular, an inclined surface structure 12 is arranged at the tail end 13, an included angle α is formed between the inclined surface structure 12 and the axial direction of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9, the included angle α is greater than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and a threaded hole perpendicular to the inclined surface is formed in the inclined surface structure 12.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the longitudinal vibration horn 7; the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 can be a single amplitude transformer structure or a multi-section composite amplitude transformer structure, the flange 14 is positioned at a vibration node, 4 threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a rectangular section groove 16 is formed in the surface, close to the front end, of the flange 14.
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear bracket 2 in fig. 1, the rear bracket 2 mainly includes a bottom supporting structure 18 and an inclined plane supporting structure 19, the bottom supporting structure 18 and the inclined plane supporting structure 19 have an acute included angle β, which is complementary to the included angle between the inclined plane structure 12 and the axis of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 (α + β =90 °), a central hole is disposed in the middle of the inclined plane supporting structure 19, and a rectangular cross-section groove 20, 4 uniformly distributed threaded holes 21, a rectangular cross-section groove 22, and 4 uniformly distributed threaded holes 23 are sequentially formed in the radial direction of the central hole according to the difference of radius, the flange 14 of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 is fixed on the inclined plane 19 of the rear bracket 2 through threaded connection, and the rectangular cross-section groove 16 on the flange 14 and the rectangular cross-section groove 20 on the inclined plane 19 cooperate to form a closed rectangular cross-section groove for placing the O.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the waterproof cover 4 of fig. 1; 4 screw holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the waterproof cover 4, a groove 17 with a rectangular cross section is formed in the surface connected with the rear support 2, a circular hole is formed in the top of the waterproof cover, and 4 screw holes are evenly distributed around the hole. The waterproof cover 4 is sleeved outside the piezoelectric transducer 5 and the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 and is fixed on the inclined plane 19 of the rear bracket 2 through the bolt 3, and the rectangular section groove 17 at the bottom of the waterproof cover 4 is matched with the rectangular section groove 22 on the inclined plane 19 of the rear bracket 2 to form a closed rectangular section groove for placing the O-shaped sealing ring 8; the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 is fixedly connected with a tail end 13 inclined plane structure 12 of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 through a stud 6, the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 is fixed on a corresponding position of the front bracket 10 through a threaded hole of a flange 14, and the front bracket 10 and the rear bracket 2 are respectively fixed on the vibration isolation base 1 through bolts 3.
In a grinding test, a workpiece is fixed on a front end working table 15 of a longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9, an ultrasonic power supply is started, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration under the action of an external excitation voltage and amplifies the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration through the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer, the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 7 is fixedly connected with the tail end 13 of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9, the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is converted into the longitudinal vibration and the bending vibration through the inclined surface structure of the tail end 13, the front end working table 15 of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9 can vibrate longitudinally and bend to enable the workpiece to vibrate along a certain elliptical track (figure 6), and ultrasonic elliptical vibration grinding is realized under the motion of a grinding wheel 11.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a single excitation supersound elliptical vibration assists grinding device which characterized in that: comprises a vibration isolation base, a front bracket, a rear bracket, a waterproof cover, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, a longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer and a longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer; the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the tail end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer through a stud, the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is fixed on the inclined plane of the rear support through a flange, the waterproof cover is sleeved outside the piezoelectric transducer and the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer and is fixed on the inclined plane of the rear support, the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the tail end inclined plane structure of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer through the stud, the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer is fixed on the front support through a flange, and the front support and the rear support are respectively fixed on the vibration isolation base.
2. the single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary grinding device as defined in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer mainly comprises a front end workbench, a flange and a tail end, the cross section of the front end workbench is of a rectangular structure, the flange is positioned at a vibration node, small holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the cross section of the tail end is circular or rectangular, an inclined plane structure is arranged at the tail end, an included angle α is formed between the inclined plane and the axial direction of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer, the included angle α is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and a threaded hole perpendicular to the inclined plane is formed in the inclined plane structure.
3. A single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted grinding apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is of a single amplitude transformer structure or a multi-section composite amplitude transformer structure, the flange is located at a vibration node, threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a rectangular section groove is formed in the surface, close to the front end, of the flange.
4. A single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted grinding apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the waterproof cover, a rectangular section groove is formed in the surface connected with the rear support, a circular hole is formed in the top of the waterproof cover, and 4 threaded holes are uniformly distributed around the hole.
5. the single-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary grinding device as recited in claim 1, wherein the rear bracket mainly comprises a bottom supporting structure and an inclined plane supporting structure, the bottom supporting structure and the inclined plane supporting structure have an acute included angle β, and α + β =90 °, a central hole is arranged at the middle position of the inclined plane supporting structure, and a rectangular cross-section groove, uniformly distributed threaded holes, a rectangular cross-section groove and uniformly distributed threaded holes are sequentially arranged in the radial direction of the central hole according to different radiuses.
6. The operation process of the single-excitation ultrasonic elliptic vibration auxiliary grinding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in a grinding test, a workpiece is fixed on a front end worktable of a longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer, an ultrasonic power supply is turned on, a piezoelectric ceramic transducer generates longitudinal ultrasonic vibration under the action of an external excitation voltage and amplifies the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration through the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer, the front end of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the tail end of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer 9, the ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is converted into longitudinal vibration and bending vibration by a bevel structure at the tail end, the front end worktable of the longitudinal-bending composite amplitude transformer generates longitudinal vibration and bending vibration, so that the workpiece vibrates along an elliptic track, and ultrasonic elliptic vibration grinding is realized under the motion of a grinding wheel.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112858010A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-05-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultrasonic vibration tensile test device based on segmented resonance design and design method and application thereof |
| CN113601279A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of workpiece radial ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding device and its operation process |
| CN117000572A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-07 | 天津理工大学 | Horn, auxiliary processing system and processing method for single excitation three-dimensional ultrasonic vibration |
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