CN111167611A - Reverse flotation method for continuously grinding silicon-calcium collophanite - Google Patents
Reverse flotation method for continuously grinding silicon-calcium collophanite Download PDFInfo
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- CN111167611A CN111167611A CN201811335172.9A CN201811335172A CN111167611A CN 111167611 A CN111167611 A CN 111167611A CN 201811335172 A CN201811335172 A CN 201811335172A CN 111167611 A CN111167611 A CN 111167611A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/002—Inorganic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/005—Dispersants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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Abstract
本发明是一种硅钙质胶磷矿连续磨矿反正浮选方法，该方法将破碎好的原矿石进行两段连续磨矿分级作业后，采用先反浮选脱镁、后正浮选脱硅作业的浮选流程；反浮选回水进入反浮选回水池后返回反浮选脱镁使用，正浮选回水进入正浮选回水池后返回正浮选脱硅作业，富余的正浮选回水给入反浮选回水池供反浮选使用。该方法具有流程简单，投资成本低、运行效果和成本较低等优点，有效地避免了反浮选回水中携带的过量的Ca2+、PO4 3‑、SO4 2‑对磷矿正浮选的影响，有利于在实际生产中反正浮选流程的稳定运行。它实现了在精矿产率、品位、回收率指标不降低的前提下，其药剂用量少，正浮选作业中矿浆的离子含量低，耗水量少。The invention relates to a continuous grinding reverse flotation method for silico-calcareous phosphate ore. After the crushed raw ore is subjected to two-stage continuous grinding and classification operations, first reverse flotation is used to remove magnesium, and then positive flotation is used to remove magnesium. The flotation process of silicon operation; the reverse flotation return water enters the reverse flotation return tank and then returns to the reverse flotation to remove magnesium for use; the positive flotation return water enters the positive flotation return tank and returns to the positive flotation desiliconization operation. The flotation return water is fed into the reverse flotation return tank for reverse flotation. The method has the advantages of simple process, low investment cost, low operation effect and cost, etc., and effectively avoids excessive Ca 2+ , PO 4 3‑ , SO 4 2‑ carried in the reverse flotation return water to float the phosphate rock. The influence of the selection is beneficial to the stable operation of the flotation process in actual production. It realizes that under the premise that the rate, grade and recovery rate of the concentrate are not reduced, the dosage of chemicals is small, the ion content of the pulp in the positive flotation operation is low, and the water consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a reverse flotation method for continuously grinding silico-calcic collophanite.
Background art:
in the industrial production of the direct and reverse flotation and the direct and reverse flotation of the collophanite, how to effectively realize the practical application of the backwater is related to the level of the new water consumption of a dressing plant and the quality of the technical indexes of ore dressing, and the problems of capacity pressure of a tailing reservoir and environmental protection are related. The direct flotation and reverse flotation process of collophanite mainly aims at silico-calcium collophanite, the direct flotation process removes most silicate gangue minerals by flotation under the condition of alkaline pH, and the reverse flotation process removes most dolomite and calcite under the condition of weak acid pH. In the actual production of the direct and reverse flotation plant, the wastewater of the reverse flotation concentrate is found to have no adverse effect on the reverse flotation process, and on the contrary, the usage amount of mixed acid can be reduced; however, if the waste water of the reverse flotation concentrate and the waste water of the tailing pond are directly returned to the forward flotation process, the phenomena of unstable forward flotation process, deteriorated beneficiation indexes, increased beneficiation reagent consumption and the like can be caused. The overflow of the positive flotation tailing thickener is often muddy, and the part of water returns to the positive flotation process, so that the use amount of a collecting agent is increased, but the influence on the mineral separation index is small.
At present, a conventional return water system for direct and reverse flotation generally adopts that one part of wastewater of reverse flotation concentrate returns to a reverse flotation process, the other part of wastewater and the wastewater of underflow of a reverse flotation tailing thickener are directly conveyed to a tailing pond, and overflow of the concentration of direct flotation tailing directly returns to the direct flotation process, but the return water of the part cannot meet the requirement of a direct flotation process, and a certain amount of new water or return water returned by the tailing pond is required to be supplemented; at present, backwater of a tailing pond is conventionally adopted as supplementary water of a direct flotation process, and excessive Ca carried in the backwater of reverse flotation2+、PO4 3-、SO4 2-The phosphorite direct flotation is very adversely affected, the backwater of the tailing pond needs to be treated to return to the direct flotation process, and the process is considered to be more and more difficult to examine and approve the land of the tailing pond in China at present and the processThe control of the pH value of the return water is very strict, so that the direct flotation process is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a silicon-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method, which reduces the beneficiation cost, reduces the consumption of new water and has high recycling rate of beneficiation wastewater on the premise of not influencing the production technical index.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. The invention relates to a reverse flotation method for continuously grinding silico-calcareous collophanite, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: after two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation is carried out on the crushed raw ore, a flotation process of firstly carrying out reverse flotation and magnesium removal and then carrying out direct flotation and desilicication operation is adopted; and returning the reverse flotation backwater into a reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation and demagging, returning the forward flotation backwater into a forward flotation backwater pool for forward flotation and desilicification, and feeding the surplus forward flotation backwater into the reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: and continuously grinding the ore in two stages until the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 75-100%.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is:
(1) feeding crushed raw ore into two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation, feeding the ground ore pulp into reverse flotation demagging operation, feeding products in a flotation machine tank into reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank; feeding products in a flotation machine tank into a reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank;
(2) the dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation, a foam product is fed into the forward flotation rough concentrate dewatering operation, filtrate is fed into a forward flotation return water tank, products in a flotation tank are fed into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dewatering operation, and the filtrate is fed into the forward flotation return water tank;
(3) and returning the backwater of the reverse flotation backwater tank to the reverse flotation tank for use, returning the backwater of the forward flotation backwater tank to the forward flotation tank for use, and feeding the surplus backwater of the forward flotation tank to the reverse flotation backwater tank.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: the two-stage continuous ore grinding method comprises the following steps: the crushed phosphate ore is firstly fed into a first-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a first-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is 50.00% -75.00% of minus 200 meshes, the underflow of the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage ore grinding operation, the overflow of the first-stage grading operation is fed into a second-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a second-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 75% -100%, the underflow of the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage ore grinding operation, and the overflow of the second-stage grading operation is fed into a reverse flotation magnesium removal operation.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: before the dehydration operation of the product in the tank of the reverse flotation operation, the desliming operation can be selected according to the granularity composition and grade distribution of the rough concentrate.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: the dehydration operation of the product in the reverse flotation operation tank comprises thickening operation and filtering operation, the product in the reverse flotation tank is firstly fed into a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, the bottom flow of the concentrate thickener is fed into desliming operation or directly fed into filtering operation, the foam product of reverse flotation is fed into a tailing thickener, the overflow of the desliming operation is fed into the tailing thickener for operation, the settled sand of the desliming operation is fed into the concentrate filtering operation, and the filtrate is fed into a reverse flotation return water tank.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: adding a flocculating agent or not in a reverse flotation tailing thickener, a tailing thickener and a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, adding a dispersing agent in the reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, feeding the overflow of the thickener and the overflow of the filter into a reverse flotation water return pool, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, BS, OP-10 and a super dispersing agent; the additive of the dispersing agent is preferably 1-2 kg/ton of coarse concentrate.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: the positive flotation concentrate dehydration operation comprises thickening operation and filtering operation; wherein, flocculating agents are added or not added into the positive flotation tailing thickener and the positive flotation concentrate thickener, and the positive flotation concentrate thickener overflows, the positive flotation tailing thickener overflows and filter filtrate is fed into a positive flotation return water tank.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: and the waste water in the reverse flotation return tank is clarified and then is conveyed to each water using point of reverse flotation ore grinding and reverse flotation operation by a pump, the waste water in the forward flotation return tank is clarified and then is conveyed to each water using point of forward flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, and the residual waste water in the forward flotation return tank is conveyed to the reverse flotation return tank for reverse flotation operation by a pump.
The above-mentioned silico-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of the invention, its further preferred technical scheme is: adding a dispersant into a product in a tank obtained by reverse flotation magnesium removal operation; the dispersant is selected from one or more of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, BS, OP-10 and a super dispersant; the additive of the dispersant is 1-2 kg/ton of product in the tank.
The principle of the method of the invention is as follows: the reverse flotation concentrate tailing wastewater contains a large amount of PO4 3-And SO4 2-，PO4 3-Too high a content will have a strong inhibitory effect on the flotation of phosphorus minerals, whereas SO4 2-Too high a content may impair the silica gangue-inhibiting effect of the water glass. In addition, the reverse flotation backwater contains Ca2+Not only can activate silicate gangue minerals, but also can be combined with the positive flotation fatty acid collecting agent to reduce the activity of the collecting agent, so that the wastewater can return to the positive flotation fatty acid collecting agent after the concentration of the silicate gangue minerals is reduced to a certain degree by treatmentAnd performing return flotation. And the treatment of the reverse flotation return water requires high treatment cost, and the tailing stock is in danger of leakage. Based on the method, the backwater of the reverse flotation is not brought into the forward flotation as much as possible after the reverse flotation rough concentrate is filtered, so that the reverse and forward flotation separate backwater is realized, and the backwater utilization rate is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the silicon-calcium collophanite raw ore is subjected to reverse flotation after two-stage continuous grinding and grading, so that water can be saved, wastewater can be completely recycled, and the treatment cost is low. The reverse flotation process is simple, the required water is less, and the reverse flotation return water is recycled for reverse flotation after entering the reverse flotation return water tank. And the positive flotation return water is recycled for positive flotation after entering a positive flotation return water tank, and redundant positive flotation return water is fed into a reverse flotation return water tank for reverse flotation.
(2) The invention has stable process flow and higher solubility of carbonate gangue minerals. The direct flotation process is firstly carried out in the direct and reverse flotation, and because the ore is ground to be fine, Mg in ore pulp is caused2+And Ca2+The concentration is very high, and along with the use of the return water of the forward flotation, Mg in the ore pulp2+And Ca2+The concentration is higher and higher, which can lead to the increase of the dosage of the chemical agent in the positive flotation process and the instability of the process flow. The method removes carbonate gangue minerals in the ores firstly through the first stage of ore grinding flotation operation, and reduces Mg entering the direct flotation operation to the maximum extent2+And Ca2+And (4) concentration. And further, adding a dispersing agent into the reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener to remove calcium sulfate carried in the reverse flotation rough concentrate into overflow of the reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener.
(3) According to the invention, a small amount of water glass and the like are added into the reverse flotation rough concentrate to be used as a dispersing agent, so that slime carried in the reverse flotation rough concentrate is removed to overflow of a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, and the chemical dosage of direct flotation is reduced. The added dispersant can also improve the product grade and improve the foam phenomenon.
(4) The reverse flotation backwater of the invention comes from the reverse flotation concentrate tailing thickenerThe filtrate of the overflow and concentrate filtration operation is directly returned to the reverse flotation operation without treatment; all the backwater of the forward flotation comes from the overflow of the concentrate tailing thickener of the forward flotation and the filtrate of the concentrate tailing filtering operation, the backwater is not required to be treated and directly returns to the forward flotation operation, and the backwater of the reverse flotation does not enter the backwater operation of the forward flotation. By adopting the water return mode, excessive Ca carried in reverse flotation water return is effectively avoided2+、PO4 3-、SO4 2-Influence on direct flotation of phosphorite. The invention has the advantages of simple process flow of backwater treatment, low investment cost, low operation effect and cost and the like, and is beneficial to the stable operation of the reverse-positive flotation process in the actual production.
(5) The method of the invention can realize that the dosage of the medicament is less, the ion content of the ore pulp in the direct flotation operation is low, and the water consumption is less on the premise that the indexes of the yield, the grade and the recovery rate of the concentrate are similar to those of the prior art. Therefore, the invention also solves the problem that the reverse and forward flotation backwater can not be used alternately in the flotation process of the silico-calcium collophanite, and the invention has very important practical significance for industrialization of the reverse and forward flotation process flow of the silico-calcium collophanite in China.
Detailed Description
The following further describes particular embodiments of the present invention to facilitate further understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and does not constitute a limitation to the right thereof.
Example 1, a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method: after two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation is carried out on the crushed raw ore, a flotation process of firstly carrying out reverse flotation and magnesium removal and then carrying out direct flotation and desilicication operation is adopted; and returning the reverse flotation backwater into a reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation and demagging, returning the forward flotation backwater into a forward flotation backwater pool for forward flotation and desilicification, and feeding the surplus forward flotation backwater into the reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation.
Two-stage continuous grinding until the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 95 percent. The operations of reverse flotation and demagging and forward flotation and desiliconization are carried out according to the conventional process.
Embodiment 2, a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding crushed raw ore into two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation, feeding the ground ore pulp into reverse flotation demagging operation, feeding products in a flotation machine tank into reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank; feeding products in a flotation machine tank into a reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank;
(2) the dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation, a foam product is fed into the forward flotation rough concentrate dewatering operation, filtrate is fed into a forward flotation return water tank, products in a flotation tank are fed into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dewatering operation, and the filtrate is fed into the forward flotation return water tank;
(3) and returning the backwater of the reverse flotation backwater tank to the reverse flotation tank for use, returning the backwater of the forward flotation backwater tank to the forward flotation tank for use, and feeding the surplus backwater of the forward flotation tank to the reverse flotation backwater tank.
The two-stage continuous ore grinding method comprises the following steps: the crushed phosphate ore is firstly fed into a first-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a first-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is-200 meshes and is 50.00%, the underflow of the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage ore grinding operation, the overflow of the first-stage grading operation is fed into a second-stage ore grinding operation, the ground phosphate ore is fed into the second-stage grading operation, the ore grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 75%, the underflow of the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage ore grinding operation, and the overflow of the second-stage grading operation is fed into a reverse flotation magnesium removal operation.
Before the dehydration operation of the product in the tank of the reverse flotation operation, the desliming operation can be selected according to the granularity composition and grade distribution of the rough concentrate.
The dehydration operation of the product in the reverse flotation operation tank comprises thickening operation and filtering operation, the product in the reverse flotation tank is firstly fed into a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, the bottom flow of the concentrate thickener is fed into desliming operation or directly fed into filtering operation, the foam product of reverse flotation is fed into a tailing thickener, the overflow of the desliming operation is fed into the tailing thickener for operation, the settled sand of the desliming operation is fed into the concentrate filtering operation, and the filtrate is fed into a reverse flotation return water tank.
Adding a flocculating agent or not in a reverse flotation tailing thickener, a tailing thickener and a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, adding a dispersing agent in the reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, feeding the overflow of the thickener and the overflow of a filter into a reverse flotation water return pool, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from one or two of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, BS, OP-10 and a super dispersing agent; the additive of the dispersing agent is preferably 1-2 kg/ton of coarse concentrate.
The positive flotation concentrate dehydration operation comprises thickening operation and filtering operation; wherein, flocculating agents are added or not added into the positive flotation tailing thickener and the positive flotation concentrate thickener, and the positive flotation concentrate thickener overflows, the positive flotation tailing thickener overflows and filter filtrate is fed into a positive flotation return water tank.
And the waste water in the reverse flotation return tank is clarified and then is conveyed to each water using point of reverse flotation ore grinding and reverse flotation operation by a pump, the waste water in the forward flotation return tank is clarified and then is conveyed to each water using point of forward flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, and the residual waste water in the forward flotation return tank is conveyed to the reverse flotation return tank for reverse flotation operation by a pump.
Example 3, a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method: after two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation is carried out on the crushed raw ore, a flotation process of firstly carrying out reverse flotation and magnesium removal and then carrying out direct flotation and desilicication operation is adopted; and returning the reverse flotation backwater into a reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation and demagging, returning the forward flotation backwater into a forward flotation backwater pool for forward flotation and desilicification, and feeding the surplus forward flotation backwater into the reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation.
The two-stage continuous ore grinding method comprises the following steps: the crushed phosphate ore is firstly fed into a first-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a first-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is-200 meshes and is 75.00%, the underflow of the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage ore grinding operation, the overflow of the first-stage grading operation is fed into a second-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a second-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 100%, the underflow of the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage ore grinding operation, and the overflow of the second-stage grading operation is fed into a reverse flotation magnesium removal operation.
The operations of reverse flotation and demagging and forward flotation and desiliconization are carried out according to the conventional process.
Embodiment 4, a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding the crushed raw ore into two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation, and continuously grinding the ore by two stages until the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 90%; feeding the ground ore pulp into a reverse flotation demagging operation, and adding a dispersant into a product in a tank obtained by the reverse flotation demagging operation, wherein the dispersant is one or two of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, BS, OP-10 and a super dispersant; the additive of the dispersing agent is 1-2 kg/ton of product in the tank, then the product in the tank of the flotation machine is fed into the reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, the filtrate is fed into a reverse flotation return water tank, the foam product is fed into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dehydration operation, and the filtrate is fed into the reverse flotation return water tank; feeding products in a flotation machine tank into a reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank;
(2) the dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation, a foam product is fed into the forward flotation rough concentrate dewatering operation, filtrate is fed into a forward flotation return water tank, products in a flotation tank are fed into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dewatering operation, and the filtrate is fed into the forward flotation return water tank;
(3) and returning the backwater of the reverse flotation backwater tank to the reverse flotation tank for use, returning the backwater of the forward flotation backwater tank to the forward flotation tank for use, and feeding the surplus backwater of the forward flotation tank to the reverse flotation backwater tank.
Example 5, a first experimental example of a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after raw ore is crushed and fed into a first-stage grinding and grading operation, the grinding fineness realizes that useful minerals and gangue minerals are dissociated by monomers, the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and 60.0%, the underflow of the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage grinding operation, the overflow of the first-stage grading operation is fed into the second-stage grinding operation, the ground raw ore is fed into the second-stage grading operation, the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 85.0%, the underflow of the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage grinding operation, the overflow of the second-stage grading operation is fed into a reverse flotation and magnesium removal operation, in a magnesium removal and reverse flotation system, an inhibitor selects mixed acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, the usage amount of the mixed acid is 5.0kg/t of raw ore, and a collector selects fatty acid soap organic matter, the usage amount of the fatty acid soap organic matter is 0. After flotation is finished, products in a flotation machine tank are fed into reverse flotation rough concentrate concentration operation, 1.5kg/t of raw ore is added into the concentration operation, underflow of the concentration machine is fed into desliming operation, overflow of the desliming operation is fed into tail mud concentration operation, settled sand of the desliming operation is fed into concentrate filtering operation, filtrate is fed into a reverse flotation water return tank, and filter cakes are fed into second-stage ore grinding operation after size mixing. Adding or not adding flocculating agent into a reverse flotation tailing thickener, a tailing thickener and a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, feeding overflow and filtered filtrate of the thickener into a reverse flotation water returning pool, feeding foam products into tailing concentration operation, feeding underflow of the thickener into a tailing pool, and feeding overflow of the thickener into the reverse flotation water returning pool.
(2) The dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation in a desilication forward flotation system, sodium carbonate is selected as a pH regulator, the using amount of the sodium carbonate is 2.0k/t of raw ore, water glass is used as an inhibitor of silicate minerals, the using amount of the sodium carbonate is 4.0kg/t of raw ore, a collecting agent is selected from fatty acid soap organic matters, the using amount of the fatty acid soap organic matters is 0.7kg/t of raw ore, a foam product of a flotation machine is fed into the forward flotation rough concentrate concentration operation, underflow of the concentration operation is fed into a filtering operation, overflow of a thickener and filtering filtrate are fed into a forward flotation return water tank, foam in the flotation tank is fed into tailing concentration operation, underflow of the concentration operation is fed into a tailing tank, overflow of the thickener is fed into the forward flotation return water tank, and dehydration operation of the forward flotation. Wherein, flocculating agents are added into the positive flotation tailing thickener and the positive flotation concentrate thickener, and the positive flotation concentrate thickener overflows, the positive flotation tailing thickener overflows and filter filtrate is fed into a positive flotation return water tank.
(3) And the waste water in the reverse flotation return pool is clarified and then is conveyed to each water utilization point of the reverse flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, the waste water in the forward flotation return pool is clarified and then is conveyed to each water utilization point of the forward flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, and the residual waste water in the forward flotation return pool is conveyed to the reverse flotation return pool by a pump for use in the reverse flotation operation.
The comparative data of the reverse-forward flotation method in the experimental example I and the forward-reverse flotation process in the prior art are as follows:
and comparing the ion content and the water consumption of the ore pulp in the direct flotation operation on the premise of similar medicament dosage.
From the above comparison it can be seen that: on the premise of similar dosage of flotation reagents, compared with the prior art, the silicon-calcium collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method has the advantages that P in the concentrate is obtained2O5The% grade reaches 33.96%, the efficiency of removing gangue minerals is greatly increased, and the obtained phosphate concentrate has good quality and high purity; and P in the concentrate2O5The percent recovery rate is 83.44 percent, the recovery rate is increased by 5.16 percent compared with the recovery rate of the existing forward and reverse flotation process, and the method has good economic benefit. In addition, the method of the invention can cause Ca which influences the flotation effect in the ore pulp in the direct flotation operation to be in contact with the flotation effect2+、Mg2+、PO4 3-、SO4 2-The ion content is obviously reduced, and the total water consumption and the clean water consumption have obvious advantages.
Example 6, a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method experimental example two, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing raw ore, feeding into a first-stage ore grinding and grading operation, wherein the ore grinding fineness realizes that useful minerals and gangue minerals are dissociated by monomers, the ore grinding fineness is 65.0% in a minus 200 mesh mode, underflow in the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage ore grinding operation, overflow in the first-stage grading operation is fed into the second-stage ore grinding operation, the ore grinding fineness is 90.0% in the minus 200 mesh mode after grinding, underflow in the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage ore grinding operation, overflow in the second-stage grading operation is fed into reverse flotation and magnesium removal operation, in a magnesium removal and reverse flotation system, an inhibitor selects sulfuric acid and uses 9.0kg/t of raw ore, and a collector selects fatty acid soap organic matters and uses 0.8kg/t of raw ore. After flotation is finished, products in a flotation machine tank are fed into reverse flotation rough concentrate concentration operation, 0.55kg/t of raw ore is added into the concentration operation, underflow of the concentration machine is fed into desliming operation, overflow of the desliming operation is fed into tail mud concentration operation, settled sand of the desliming operation is fed into concentrate filtering operation, filtrate is fed into a reverse flotation water return tank, and filter cakes are fed into second-stage ore grinding operation after size mixing. Adding or not adding a flocculating agent into a reverse flotation tailing thickener, a tailing thickener and a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, feeding overflow of the thickener and filtered filtrate into a reverse flotation water returning pool, feeding foam products into tailing concentration operation, feeding overflow of the thickener into the reverse flotation water returning pool, feeding underflow of the thickener into tailing filter pressing operation, performing dry-stacking treatment on filtered tailings, and feeding overflow of the thickener and filter press filtrate into the reverse flotation water returning pool;
(2) the dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation, in a desilication forward flotation system, sodium carbonate is selected as a pH regulator, the using amount of the sodium carbonate is 3.0kg/t of raw ore, water glass is used as an inhibitor of silicate minerals, the using amount of the water glass is 2.5kg/t of raw ore, a collecting agent is selected from fatty acid soap organic matters, the using amount of the fatty acid soap organic matters is 1.5kg/t of raw ore, a foam product of a flotation machine is fed into a filter pressing operation, the filtered concentrate is the final concentrate, the filtered filtrate is fed into a forward flotation water returning pool, the foam in a flotation tank is fed into tailing filter pressing operation, the filtered tailings are subjected to dry stacking treatment, the filtrate of the filter pressing machine is fed into the forward flotation water returning pool, the forward flotation concentrate dewatering operation comprises thickening operation or filtering operation, a forward flotation concentrate thickener and a forward flotation concentrate thickener are added with a flocculating agent, and the forward flotation concentrate thickener overflows, and overflows from, And feeding the filtrate of the filter into a positive flotation return water tank.
(3) And the waste water in the reverse flotation return pool is clarified and then is conveyed to each water utilization point of the reverse flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, the waste water in the forward flotation return pool is clarified and then is conveyed to each water utilization point of the forward flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, and the residual waste water in the forward flotation return pool is conveyed to the reverse flotation return pool by a pump for use in the reverse flotation operation.
The comparison data of the reverse-forward flotation process and the prior art reverse-forward flotation process in the second experimental example are as follows:
on the premise of similar indexes of yield, grade and recovery rate of the concentrate, the dosage of the reagents of the two processes, the ion content of ore pulp in the direct flotation operation and the water consumption are compared.
From the above comparison it can be seen that: the results show that: in concentrate yield, P2O5On the premise of similar% grade and recovery index, compared with the prior art, the silicon-calcium collophanite continuous ore grinding reverse-positive flotation method has the advantages that the sulfuric acid consumption in the reverse-flotation operation is reduced by 33%, so that the medicament cost is effectively reduced, and the calcium accumulation problem of a flotation machine and a pipeline can be relieved; the total dosage of the traditional Chinese medicine in the direct flotation operation is reduced by 20 percent, which has good economic advantage for controlling the beneficiation cost. In addition, the method of the invention can cause Ca which influences the flotation effect in the ore pulp in the direct flotation operation to be in contact with the flotation effect2+、Mg2+、PO4 3-、SO4 2-The ion content is obviously reduced, and the total water consumption and the clean water consumption have obvious advantages.
Example 7, an experimental example three of a silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing raw ore, feeding into a first-stage ore grinding and grading operation, wherein the ore grinding fineness realizes that useful minerals and carbonate gangue minerals are dissociated to a monomer, the ore grinding fineness is 67.0 percent in minus 200 meshes, underflow in the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage ore grinding operation, overflow in the first-stage grading operation is fed into a second-stage ore grinding operation, the ore grinding fineness is 85.0 percent in minus 200 meshes, underflow in the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage ore grinding operation, overflow in the second-stage grading operation is fed into reverse flotation magnesium removal operation, an inhibitor is phosphoric acid and the use amount of the inhibitor is 4.0kg/t of raw ore, and a collector is fatty acid soap organic matter and the use amount of the collector is 0.5kg/t of raw ore. After the flotation is finished, feeding products in a flotation machine tank into reverse flotation rough concentrate concentration operation, adding OP-100.2kg/t raw ore into the concentration operation, feeding the bottom flow of the concentration machine into concentrate filtration operation, feeding the overflow of a thickener and filtrate into a reverse flotation water return tank, and feeding filter cakes into second-stage ore grinding operation after size mixing. Adding or not adding a flocculating agent into a reverse flotation tailing thickener, a tailing thickener and a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, feeding overflow of the thickener and filtered filtrate into a reverse flotation water returning pool, feeding foam products into tailing concentration operation, feeding overflow of the thickener into the reverse flotation water returning pool, feeding underflow of the thickener into tailing filter pressing operation, performing dry-stacking treatment on filtered tailings, and feeding overflow of the thickener and filter press filtrate into the reverse flotation water returning pool;
(2) the dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation, in a desilication forward flotation system, sodium carbonate is selected as a pH regulator, the using amount is 2.5kg/t of raw ore, water glass is used as an inhibitor of silicate minerals, the using amount is 6.0kg/t of raw ore, a fatty acid soap organic matter is selected as a collecting agent, the using amount is 1.5kg/t of raw ore, a foam product of a flotation machine is fed into a filter pressing operation, the filtered concentrate is the final concentrate, the filtered filtrate is fed into a forward flotation water returning pool, the foam in a flotation tank is fed into a tailing filter pressing operation, the filtered tailings are subjected to dry stacking treatment, the filtrate of the filter pressing machine is fed into the forward flotation water returning pool, the forward flotation dewatering operation comprises a thickening operation or a filtering operation, a flotation flocculating agent is added into a forward tailing thickener and a forward flotation concentrate thickener, and the concentrate thickener is overflowed by the thickener, and the thickener is added, And (4) overflowing the positive flotation tailing thickener and feeding filtrate of the filter into a positive flotation return water tank.
(3) And the waste water in the reverse flotation return pool is clarified and then is conveyed to each water utilization point of the reverse flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, the waste water in the forward flotation return pool is clarified and then is conveyed to each water utilization point of the forward flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, and the residual waste water in the forward flotation return pool is conveyed to the reverse flotation return pool by a pump for use in the reverse flotation operation.
In the above experimental examples, the filter is one type of an equipment-level ceramic filter, a belt vacuum filter, a vertical filter press, or a chamber type full-automatic filter press used in the filtering operation of the reverse flotation rough concentrate, the reverse flotation tailings, the forward flotation concentrate, and the forward flotation tailings. The equipment used for the desliming operation of the reverse flotation rough concentrate is a swirler.
Claims (10)
1. A reverse flotation method for continuously grinding silicon-calcium collophanite is characterized in that: after two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation is carried out on the crushed raw ore, a flotation process of firstly carrying out reverse flotation and magnesium removal and then carrying out direct flotation and desilicication operation is adopted; and returning the reverse flotation backwater into a reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation and demagging, returning the forward flotation backwater into a forward flotation backwater pool for forward flotation and desilicification, and feeding the surplus forward flotation backwater into the reverse flotation backwater pool for reverse flotation.
2. The silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and continuously grinding the ore in two stages until the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 75-100%.
3. The silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
(1) feeding crushed raw ore into two-stage continuous grinding and grading operation, feeding the ground ore pulp into reverse flotation demagging operation, feeding products in a flotation machine tank into reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank; feeding products in a flotation machine tank into a reverse flotation rough concentrate dehydration operation, feeding filtrate into a reverse flotation return water tank, feeding foam products into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dehydration operation, and feeding the filtrate into the reverse flotation return water tank;
(2) the dewatered reverse flotation rough concentrate is subjected to size mixing and then fed into a forward flotation desilication operation, a foam product is fed into the forward flotation rough concentrate dewatering operation, filtrate is fed into a forward flotation return water tank, products in a flotation tank are fed into a tailing pond or a tailing yard through the dewatering operation, and the filtrate is fed into the forward flotation return water tank;
(3) and returning the backwater of the reverse flotation backwater tank to the reverse flotation tank for use, returning the backwater of the forward flotation backwater tank to the forward flotation tank for use, and feeding the surplus backwater of the forward flotation tank to the reverse flotation backwater tank.
4. The reverse-positive flotation method for continuously grinding silico-calcareous collophanite according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the two-stage continuous grinding method is as follows: the crushed phosphate ore is firstly fed into a first-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a first-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is 50.00% -75.00% of minus 200 meshes, the underflow of the first-stage grading operation returns to the first-stage ore grinding operation, the overflow of the first-stage grading operation is fed into a second-stage ore grinding operation, and then fed into a second-stage grading operation after being ground, the ore grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 75% -100%, the underflow of the second-stage grading operation returns to the second-stage ore grinding operation, and the overflow of the second-stage grading operation is fed into a reverse flotation magnesium removal operation.
5. The silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: before the dehydration operation of the product in the tank of the reverse flotation operation, the desliming operation can be selected according to the granularity composition and grade distribution of the rough concentrate.
6. The continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of silico-calcareous collophanite according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: the dehydration operation of the product in the reverse flotation operation tank comprises thickening operation and filtering operation, the product in the reverse flotation tank is firstly fed into a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, the bottom flow of the concentrate thickener is fed into desliming operation or directly fed into filtering operation, the foam product of reverse flotation is fed into a tailing thickener, the overflow of the desliming operation is fed into the tailing thickener for operation, the settled sand of the desliming operation is fed into the concentrate filtering operation, and the filtrate is fed into a reverse flotation return water tank.
7. The silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: adding a flocculating agent or not in a reverse flotation tailing thickener, a tailing thickener and a reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, adding a dispersing agent in the reverse flotation rough concentrate thickener, feeding the overflow of the thickener and the overflow of the filter into a reverse flotation water return pool, wherein the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, BS, OP-10 and a super dispersing agent; the additive of the dispersing agent is preferably 1-2 kg/ton of coarse concentrate.
8. The silico-calcic collophanite continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the positive flotation concentrate dehydration operation comprises thickening operation and filtering operation; wherein, flocculating agents are added or not added into the positive flotation tailing thickener and the positive flotation concentrate thickener, and the positive flotation concentrate thickener overflows, the positive flotation tailing thickener overflows and filter filtrate is fed into a positive flotation return water tank.
9. The continuous grinding reverse-positive flotation method of silico-calcareous collophanite according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: and the waste water in the reverse flotation return tank is clarified and then is conveyed to each water using point of reverse flotation ore grinding and reverse flotation operation by a pump, the waste water in the forward flotation return tank is clarified and then is conveyed to each water using point of forward flotation ore grinding and flotation operation by a pump, and the residual waste water in the forward flotation return tank is conveyed to the reverse flotation return tank for reverse flotation operation by a pump.
10. The reverse-forward flotation method for silico-calcic collophanite according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: adding a dispersant into a product in a tank obtained by reverse flotation magnesium removal operation; the dispersant is selected from one or more of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, BS, OP-10 and a super dispersant; the additive of the dispersant is 1-2 kg/ton of product in the tank.
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