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CN111166224A - Ecological dry toilet - Google Patents

Ecological dry toilet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111166224A
CN111166224A CN202010088581.4A CN202010088581A CN111166224A CN 111166224 A CN111166224 A CN 111166224A CN 202010088581 A CN202010088581 A CN 202010088581A CN 111166224 A CN111166224 A CN 111166224A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
barrel
composting
excrement
pipe
toilet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010088581.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111166224B (en
Inventor
赵立欣
张辉
沈玉君
孟海波
程红胜
王惠惠
周海宾
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Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Engineering Planning & Design
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Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Engineering Planning & Design
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Priority to CN202010088581.4A priority Critical patent/CN111166224B/en
Publication of CN111166224A publication Critical patent/CN111166224A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111166224B publication Critical patent/CN111166224B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • A47K11/03—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets having means for adding powder, e.g. earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological dry toilet. It comprises a toilet bowl, a urine collecting barrel, a plant ash barrel and a composting barrel; wherein, the bottom of the toilet bowl is provided with a feces collecting port which is connected with the composting barrel; a sealing cover is arranged on the excrement collecting port; the sealing cover is connected with a urine collecting pipe which is connected with the urine collecting barrel; a straw spiral feeder is arranged at the bottom in the plant ash barrel; a screw shaft of the straw screw feeder is positioned at the lower part of the excrement collecting port; the composting barrel is arranged at the bottom of the toilet bowl; a plurality of layers of composting disks are arranged in the composting barrel, and a material guide plate is arranged between two adjacent layers of composting disks; a stirring shaft with an air passage is arranged in the bottom of the barrel and penetrates through each layer of composting disc, the stirring shaft is connected with a stirring motor through a gear transmission mechanism and is connected with an aeration pipe through a rotary joint, and the tail end of the aeration pipe is connected with an aeration fan; the bottom of the barrel is provided with a percolation liquid pipe communicated with the inside of the barrel. The invention can effectively separate, collect and treat the excrement and improve the internal and external environments of the rural toilet.

Description

Ecological dry toilet
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological dry toilet.
Background
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, especially in rural areas, people have higher requirements on sanitation, environmental protection, water saving and the like of the toilet, so that the problems of peculiar smell, mosquitoes, bacteria breeding and the like caused by a large number of fixed dry toilets which cannot be used for separating excrement and urine in rural areas are avoided. How to reasonably collect the excrement and the urine, realize the quick harmless treatment of the excrement and the urine, and improve the sanitary environment inside and outside the rural toilet becomes the main problem in the current rural toilet reconstruction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological dry toilet which can effectively separate, collect and quickly dry feces and urine and improve the internal and external environments of a rural toilet.
The invention provides an ecological dry toilet which comprises a toilet bowl, a urine collecting barrel, a plant ash barrel and a composting barrel, wherein the urine collecting barrel is arranged on the toilet bowl;
the toilet bowl is arranged in a toilet room, and the bottom of the toilet bowl is provided with a feces collecting port which is connected with the composting barrel; a sealing cover capable of controlling the opening or closing of the excrement collecting port is arranged on the excrement collecting port; the sealing cover is connected with a urine collecting pipe, the other end of the urine collecting pipe is connected with the urine collecting barrel, and when the sealing cover is closed, urine flows into the urine collecting barrel through the urine collecting pipe;
a straw spiral feeder is arranged at the bottom of the plant ash barrel; the straw screw feeder comprises a screw shaft, and two reverse helical blades are arranged on the screw shaft along the axial direction of the screw shaft; one part of the spiral shaft is positioned at the lower part of the excrement collecting port;
the composting barrel is arranged at the bottom of the pedestal pan and is used for composting and fermenting the collected excrement;
the composting barrel comprises a barrel; the top of the barrel is provided with an upper cover matched with the barrel, and the barrel is provided with a feces receiving opening which is communicated with the feces collecting opening; a plurality of layers of composting disks are arranged in the barrel and used for supporting excrement compost, a material guide plate which is inclined downwards is arranged on the barrel wall corresponding to the upper and lower layers of adjacent composting disks, and the tail end of the material guide plate corresponds to the inner side wall of the lower layer of composting disk; a stirring shaft with an air passage is arranged in the bottom of the barrel, the stirring shaft penetrates through the composting disks on each layer, the stirring shaft is connected with a stirring motor through a gear transmission mechanism and is connected with an aeration pipe through a rotary joint, and the tail end of the aeration pipe is connected with an aeration fan; the bottom of the barrel is provided with a percolate pipe which is communicated with the inside of the barrel.
In the ecological dry toilet, after the compost discs are filled with materials at all layers, the materials overflow from the periphery of the compost discs and fall into the lower compost discs under the action of the stirring shaft.
In the invention, the aeration pipes are uniformly arranged in the composting barrel, and the aeration fan is additionally arranged, so that forced ventilation aeration, rapid dehydration and fertilizer formation of composting raw materials such as excrement, plant ash and the like are realized.
In the ecological dry latrine, the excrement collecting port is arranged in a straight falling mode, so that excrement can directly fall into the composting barrel below;
the two reverse helical blades can be two groups of helical blades with opposite helical rotation directions, and the helical blades are arranged at the position, corresponding to the lower part of the excrement collecting port, on the helical shaft and face to the two ends of the helical shaft along the axial direction of the helical shaft; namely, the position section between the two reverse spiral blades at intervals on the spiral shaft is opposite to the lower part of the excrement collecting port.
In the ecological dry toilet, the sealing cover is a movable baffle plate horizontally arranged at the bottom of the toilet bowl, when the sealing cover moves towards the front part of the toilet bowl, the excrement collecting port is opened, and then when the sealing cover moves towards the rear part of the toilet bowl, the excrement collecting port is closed; sealed lid has two kinds of effects, blocks that the urine falls into the compost bucket, with urine water conservancy diversion to urine collecting vessel, blocks the inside stink of compost bucket outward diffusion secondly.
In the ecological dry latrine, the composting disc is a disc with an air hole at the bottom, and each layer of the composting disc is connected with the other layer of the composting disc through a support frame.
In the ecological dry latrine, the heater, particularly the PTC heating sheet, is fixed at the bottom of the composting disc and can heat materials on the supporting plate according to the requirements of the composting process.
In foretell ecological dry latrine, be equipped with a plurality of stirring paddle leaf on the (mixing) shaft, follow every layer of axial correspondence of (mixing) shaft the compost dish all is equipped with a plurality of stirring paddle leaf, air can along the air flue of (mixing) shaft reaches stirring paddle leaf carries the removal.
In the ecological dry toilet, the stirring blades are axially symmetrically distributed on the stirring shaft;
and the stirring blade is provided with air holes.
In the ecological dry toilet, the aeration main pipe is connected with the aeration fan, and the air inlet of the aeration fan is connected with the heat source air.
In the ecological dry toilet, the heat source air can be gas in a house or gas in a boiler room or gas in a poultry house.
In foretell ecological dry latrine, the upper portion of compost bucket is equipped with the blast pipe, set up the draught fan in the blast pipe, the waste gas after the draught fan will compost leads to the plant ash bucket, after the plant ash filters, passes through the blast pipe is arranged to outdoor.
In the ecological dry toilet, the aeration fan is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel bottom.
In the ecological dry toilet, the stirring motor is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel bottom.
In the ecological dry toilet, the upper cover and the wall of the barrel are both provided with heat-insulating layers, so that the composting temperature is increased, and the composting efficiency is improved.
In the ecological dry toilet, the heat-insulating layer is made of polyurethane or rubber-plastic sponge.
In the ecological dry toilet, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer can be 30 mm-50 mm, and particularly can be 50 mm.
In the ecological dry toilet, the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe can be 60-110 mm, and the height of the exhaust pipe above the upper cover is 500mm above the eave of the toilet.
In the ecological dry toilet, the seepage pipe is provided with a valve.
In the ecological dry toilet, at least 2 universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the compost bucket and used for moving the compost bucket.
In the ecological dry toilet, the straw spiral feeder is driven by a motor.
In the invention, the straw spiral feeder is arranged at the bottom in the plant ash barrel and is arranged at the lower part of the excrement collecting port, so that when straws and plant ash in the plant ash barrel are forcibly fed into the composting barrel, the straws and the plant ash are uniformly stirred with excrement falling from the excrement collecting port and fall into the composting barrel; the ash falling amount can be controlled better, the ash falling amount has important influence on the composting and decomposition of the excrement at the later stage, ash is wasted if more, the ash needs to be added into the plant ash barrel frequently, the composting and fermentation at the later stage cannot be realized if less, and the moisture content of the composting materials is too high; in addition, the plant ash with high moisture content also has the functions of arch breaking and crushing.
In the ecological dry toilet, the plant ash barrel is positioned in the dry toilet room, is random in position, does not influence the toilet to take ash, and can be specifically arranged at the rear part of the toilet.
In the ecological dry toilet, the straw ash barrel is filled with straw and plant ash.
According to the invention, the urine collecting barrel is arranged at random, the urine collecting barrel does not influence the toilet and can be taken out conveniently, the urine collecting barrel is prevented from freezing in winter, and the urine collecting barrel is taken out for farmland irrigation and fertilization after being fully collected with urine.
The invention relates to a using method of an ecological dry toilet, which comprises the following steps:
when the urinal urinates in the toilet, the sealing cover is closed, and urine can flow into the urine collecting barrel through the urine collecting pipe. When the excrement is discharged, the sealing cover is opened (particularly, when the movable baffle plate horizontally arranged at the bottom of the toilet bowl is arranged, the sealing cover is pulled towards the front part of the toilet bowl), the excrement falls into the composting barrel from the excrement collecting opening, and after the excrement is discharged, the plant ash is taken from the plant ash barrel and poured into the composting barrel for covering; when the urine collecting barrel is fully used for collecting and storing urine, the urine is taken out and used for farmland irrigation and fertilization; and when the compost barrel is fully collected (15-20 days), taking out and pouring into the compost barrel, adding straw auxiliary materials, performing composting fermentation for 45-60 days continuously, and taking out the fermented and decomposed materials from a discharge port of the compost barrel for farmland fertilization.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the straw spiral feeder is arranged at the bottom in the plant ash barrel and is arranged at the lower part of the excrement collecting port, so that when straws and plant ash in the plant ash barrel are forcibly fed into the composting barrel, the straws and the plant ash are uniformly stirred with excrement falling from the excrement collecting port and fall into the composting barrel; the ash falling amount can be controlled better, the ash falling amount has important influence on the composting and decomposition of the excrement at the later stage, ash is wasted if more, the ash needs to be added into the plant ash barrel frequently, the composting and fermentation at the later stage cannot be realized if less, and the moisture content of the composting materials is too high; in addition, the plant ash with high moisture content also has the functions of arch breaking and crushing.
2. A layered overflow composting structure is adopted, so that continuous fermentation and batch treatment of different batches of materials in the same composting barrel are realized, and the uniformity of the composting materials is improved; in addition, an overflow structure is adopted, the gravity of the material is ingeniously utilized, the material falls layer by layer, and the energy consumption for conveying the material is reduced; in addition, a fermentation mode and an aeration mechanism are superposed layer by layer, so that the full aerobic fermentation of the materials is realized, and the efficiency is improved; waste gas generated in the fermentation process moves from the bottom of the composting barrel to the upper part, and high-temperature waste gas at the bottom is in contact with cold and cool materials at the upper layer in the movement process, so that rapid detonation is realized.
3. The excrement and urine are separated, the difficulty in treating the excrement and urine tail end is reduced, and the excrement and urine treatment frequency is reduced.
4. The stirring shaft with an aeration function is adopted to realize uniform gas distribution, rapid dehydration of materials and fertilizer formation.
5. The heat source air of the residential houses is adopted for composting, so that the low-energy-density waste gas is reasonably utilized, and the composting efficiency is improved.
6. The waste gas of the compost is filtered by adopting the plant ash box, so that the gas purification is realized, and the odor pollution is prevented.
7. And a distributed heating device is adopted to realize heating as required, so that energy waste is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ecological dry toilet structure of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a composting barrel in the ecological dry toilet.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stirring shaft of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.
The individual labels in the figure are as follows:
1, covering the cover; 2 a feces collection port; 3, exhausting the pipe; 4, a draught fan; 5 stirring blades; 6, aerating holes; 7, a vent hole; 8, a material guide plate; 9 a rotary joint; 10, an aeration pipe; 11 a percolate valve; 12 universal wheels; 13, discharging a material outlet; 14 a feces collection port; 15 sealing the cover; 16 straw screw feeders; 17, a motor; 18 plant ash barrels; 19 a urine collection bucket; 20 a composting barrel; 21 a stirring motor; 22 stirring transmission shafts; 23 a drive gear; 24 a driven gear; 25, supporting frames; 26 a compost tray; 27 a heater; 28 stirring shaft; 29 aeration fan; 30 a urine collection tube; 31 a toilet bowl.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the structure of the ecological dry toilet is schematically shown. The ecological dry toilet comprises a toilet room, a toilet bowl 31, a plant ash barrel 18, a urine collecting barrel 19 and a composting barrel 20.
The toilet bowl 31 is arranged in a toilet room, the bottom of the toilet bowl is provided with a feces collecting port 14, and the feces collecting port 14 is connected with the composting barrel 20; the excrement collecting port 14 is provided with a sealing cover 15 capable of controlling the opening or closing of the excrement collecting port, when a heavy object falls on the sealing cover, the sealing cover 15 is automatically opened under the action of gravity, and when the heavy object disappears, the sealing cover 15 is closed under the action of a torsion spring; urine can flow into the urine collection barrel 19 through the urine collection tube 30. Urine collecting tube 30 end connection urine collecting vessel 19, 19 positions of urine collecting vessel are random, do not influence go into the lavatory, conveniently take out can, notice winter prevents frostbite.
A plant ash barrel 18 is arranged in the toilet, and a straw screw feeder 16 is arranged at the bottom of the plant ash barrel 18 so as to feed straws and plant ash in the plant ash barrel 18 into a composting barrel 20. The straw screw feeder 16 comprises a screw shaft, wherein two reverse screw blades are arranged on the screw shaft along the axial direction of the screw shaft, and specifically, the two reverse screw blades are arranged on the screw shaft at positions corresponding to the lower part of the excrement collecting port 14 along the axial direction of the screw shaft and face the two ends of the screw shaft; the spiral shaft penetrates through the plant ash barrel, and one part of the spiral shaft is positioned at the lower part of the excrement collecting port 14; the spaced position sections on the spiral shaft between the two adjacent ends of the two reverse spiral blades are opposite to the lower part of the excrement collecting port 14, so that when the straws and plant ash in the plant ash barrel 18 are forcibly fed into the composting barrel 20, the straws and the plant ash are uniformly stirred with the excrement falling from the excrement collecting port 14; the ash falling amount can be controlled better, the ash falling amount has important influence on the composting and decomposition of the excrement at the later stage, if more, ash is wasted, the ash needs to be added into the plant ash barrel 18 frequently, if less, the subsequent composting and fermentation can not be realized, and the moisture content of the composting materials is too high; in addition, the plant ash with high moisture content also has the functions of arch breaking and crushing. The straw screw feeder 16 is driven by a motor. The plant ash barrel 18 is located in a dry toilet room, is randomly located, does not influence the toilet to take ash, and can be specifically arranged at the rear part of the toilet bowl 31.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic view of the structure of the composter barrel 20; the composter barrel 20 comprises a barrel; the top of the barrel is provided with an upper cover matched with the barrel, and the upper cover is provided with a feces receiving opening 2 communicated with a feces collecting opening 14; the bottom in the barrel is provided with a plurality of layers of perforated composting disks 26 for supporting excrement composting, the barrel wall corresponding to the upper and lower adjacent layers of composting disks 26 is provided with a material guide plate 8 which inclines downwards, and the tail end of the material guide plate 8 is corresponding to the side wall of the lower layer of composting disk 26. The bottom of the barrel is internally provided with a stirring shaft 28 with an air passage, the stirring shaft penetrates through each layer of composting disc 26, and after the materials are filled into the layer-changed composting disc 26, the materials overflow from the periphery of the composting disc 26 and fall into the lower layer of composting disc 26 under the action of the stirring shaft 28. The stirring shaft 28 is connected with the stirring motor 21 through a gear transmission mechanism and is connected with the aeration pipe 10 through the rotary joint 9, and the tail end of the aeration pipe 10 is connected with the aeration fan 29, so that forced ventilation aeration, rapid dehydration and fertilizer formation of composting raw materials such as excrement, plant ash and the like are realized. A percolate pipe communicated with the inside of the barrel is arranged on the barrel wall at the bottom of the barrel, and a percolate valve 11 is arranged on the percolate pipe; the wall of the barrel is provided with a heat-insulating layer.
Further, the composting trays 26 are trays with vents at the bottom, and each tray is connected to another tray 25 by a support 25.
Further, a heater 27, specifically a PTC heating plate, is fixed to the bottom of the composting tray 26, and can heat the materials on the pallet according to the needs of the composting process.
Furthermore, a plurality of stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft 28, and air can be conveyed and moved along the stirring shaft 28 and the stirring blades 5.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the stirring blades 5 are fixedly installed on the stirring shaft 28 and are distributed in an axisymmetric manner, and the aeration holes 6 are arranged on the stirring blades 5.
Further, an air inlet of the aeration fan 29 is connected with the heat source air.
Further, the heat source air may be gas in a house or gas in a boiler room or gas in a poultry house.
Further, the upper portion of bucket is equipped with blast pipe 3, sets up draught fan 4 in the blast pipe 3, and draught fan 4 leads the waste gas after the compost to vegetation ash bucket 18, filters the back through vegetation ash, arranges to outdoor through blast pipe 3.
Further, the aeration fan 29 is fixed to the outer wall of the tub bottom.
Further, the stirring motor 21 is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel bottom.
Furthermore, the upper cover and the barrel wall of the barrel are both provided with heat-insulating layers, so that the composting temperature is increased, and the composting efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the heat-insulating layer is made of polyurethane or rubber-plastic sponge.
Further, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer can be 30 mm-50 mm, and specifically can be 50 mm.
Further, the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 3 can be 60 mm-110 mm, and the height of the exhaust pipe 3 higher than the upper cover 1 is 500mm higher than the eave of the toilet.
Further, the straw screw feeder 16 is driven by a motor;
the bottom of the compost bucket 20 is provided with at least 2 universal wheels 12;
the plant ash barrel 18 is arranged at the rear part of the pedestal pan 31, and the plant ash barrel 18 is filled with straws and plant ash.
The invention relates to a using method of an ecological dry toilet, which comprises the following steps:
when the urinal goes to the toilet, urine can flow into the urine collecting barrel through the urine collecting pipe when urinating. When in excrement, excrement falls into the composting barrel from the excrement collecting port, and after the excrement is finished, the straw ash barrel enables straw, straw ash and the like to enter the composting barrel through the straw spiral feeder, and the straw ash are uniformly mixed with the excrement and are subjected to aerobic fermentation for 7-15 days continuously to realize harmless treatment; when the urine collecting barrel is full of urine, the urine collecting barrel is taken out and used for farmland irrigation and fertilization; and (4) opening the discharge hole after the compost barrel is fully collected (15-20 days), and taking out the fermented and decomposed materials from the discharge hole of the compost barrel for farmland fertilization.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological dry toilet comprises a toilet bowl, a urine collecting barrel, a plant ash barrel and a composting barrel;
the toilet bowl is arranged in a toilet room, and the bottom of the toilet bowl is provided with a feces collecting port which is connected with the composting barrel; a sealing cover capable of controlling the opening or closing of the excrement collecting port is arranged on the excrement collecting port; the sealing cover is connected with a urine collecting pipe, the other end of the urine collecting pipe is connected with the urine collecting barrel, and when the sealing cover is closed, urine flows into the urine collecting barrel through the urine collecting pipe;
a straw spiral feeder is arranged at the bottom of the plant ash barrel; the straw screw feeder comprises a screw shaft, and two reverse helical blades are arranged on the screw shaft along the axial direction of the screw shaft; one part of the spiral shaft is positioned at the lower part of the excrement collecting port;
the composting barrel is arranged at the bottom of the pedestal pan and is used for composting and fermenting the collected excrement;
the composting barrel comprises a barrel; the top of the barrel is provided with an upper cover matched with the barrel, and the barrel is provided with a feces receiving opening which is communicated with the feces collecting opening; a plurality of layers of composting disks are arranged in the barrel and used for supporting excrement compost, a material guide plate which is inclined downwards is arranged on the barrel wall corresponding to the upper and lower layers of adjacent composting disks, and the tail end of the material guide plate corresponds to the inner side wall of the lower layer of composting disk; a stirring shaft with an air passage is arranged in the bottom of the barrel, the stirring shaft penetrates through the composting disks on each layer, the stirring shaft is connected with a stirring motor through a gear transmission mechanism and is connected with an aeration pipe through a rotary joint, and the tail end of the aeration pipe is connected with an aeration fan; the bottom of the barrel is provided with a percolate pipe which is communicated with the inside of the barrel.
2. The ecological dry toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that: the excrement collecting port is arranged in a straight falling mode;
the two reverse helical blades are two groups of helical blades with opposite rotation directions, and the helical blades are arranged on the helical shaft at positions corresponding to the lower part of the excrement collecting port and face to the two ends of the helical shaft along the axial direction of the helical shaft.
3. An ecological dry toilet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sealing cover is a movable baffle plate horizontally arranged at the bottom of the toilet bowl, when the sealing cover moves towards the front part of the toilet bowl, the excrement collecting port is opened, and then when the sealing cover moves towards the rear part of the toilet bowl, the excrement collecting port is closed.
4. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that: the composting disc is a disc with an air hole at the bottom, and each layer of composting disc is connected with the other layer of composting disc through a support frame.
5. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that: and a heater is fixed at the bottom of the composting disc.
6. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that: the compost disk is characterized in that the stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of stirring blades, and the axial direction of the stirring shaft corresponds to each layer of compost disk.
7. The ecological dry toilet according to claim 6, characterized in that: the stirring blades are distributed on the stirring shaft in an axial symmetry manner;
and the stirring blade is provided with air holes.
8. An ecological dry toilet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the aeration pipe is connected with an aeration fan, and an air inlet of the aeration fan is connected with heat source air;
the upper portion of compost bucket is equipped with the blast pipe, set up the draught fan in the blast pipe, the waste gas after the draught fan leads the compost to the vegetation ash bucket.
9. An ecological dry toilet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the aeration fan is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel bottom; the stirring motor is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel bottom;
the upper cover and the barrel wall of the barrel are both provided with heat-insulating layers;
a valve is arranged on the percolate pipe;
the straw screw feeder is driven by a motor;
the bottom of the composting barrel is provided with at least 2 universal wheels;
the plant ash barrel is arranged at the rear part of the pedestal pan, and straws and plant ash are filled in the plant ash barrel.
10. A compost bucket as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 in an ecological dry toilet.
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CN111616631A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-04 兰州华能生态能源科技股份有限公司 An outdoor toilet with adjustable fermentation rate
CN111973042A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-11-24 成都隆世机械制造有限公司 Squatting toilet device capable of automatically decomposing excrement
CN112196040A (en) * 2020-09-27 2021-01-08 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Water-saving deodorization type excrement biomass-fertilizing integrated toilet equipment
CN113229738A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-10 森诺技术有限公司 Domestic flushing-free intelligent environment-friendly toilet
CN113287962A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-24 哈尔滨工业大学 Manure diversity composting toilet integrated with biofilm tail gas treatment device
CN118577605A (en) * 2024-06-03 2024-09-03 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 A new type of biological drying and aeration system for perishable garbage

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CN110714515A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-21 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Excrement and urine diversity type ecological toilet
CN110772158A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-11 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Grooved pulley type electric dry-wet separation type dry toilet without flushing
CN214906323U (en) * 2020-02-12 2021-11-30 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Ecological dry toilet

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KR100966309B1 (en) * 2010-03-17 2010-06-28 곽명훈 Mobile simple toilet with night soil treatment apparatus
CN110772158A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-11 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Grooved pulley type electric dry-wet separation type dry toilet without flushing
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111616631A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-04 兰州华能生态能源科技股份有限公司 An outdoor toilet with adjustable fermentation rate
CN111973042A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-11-24 成都隆世机械制造有限公司 Squatting toilet device capable of automatically decomposing excrement
CN112196040A (en) * 2020-09-27 2021-01-08 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Water-saving deodorization type excrement biomass-fertilizing integrated toilet equipment
CN113287962A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-24 哈尔滨工业大学 Manure diversity composting toilet integrated with biofilm tail gas treatment device
CN113229738A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-10 森诺技术有限公司 Domestic flushing-free intelligent environment-friendly toilet
CN118577605A (en) * 2024-06-03 2024-09-03 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 A new type of biological drying and aeration system for perishable garbage

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