CN111165192B - Mandatory positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying warehouse and its use method - Google Patents
Mandatory positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying warehouse and its use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165192B CN111165192B CN202010069817.XA CN202010069817A CN111165192B CN 111165192 B CN111165192 B CN 111165192B CN 202010069817 A CN202010069817 A CN 202010069817A CN 111165192 B CN111165192 B CN 111165192B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
- A01F25/22—Ventilating arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/30—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus preventing or obstructing access or passage, e.g. by means of barriers, spikes, cords, obstacles or sprinkled water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种强制性正负压机械通风穗干仓及使用方法，包括储粮仓、风机、门和通风角盒，储粮仓内设有多个通风角盒，通风角盒的上部横截面小于下部横截面积，沿着通风角盒的纵向方向，其分为三段，中间段为通风网状结构，两端段为矩形管状结构，且在通风角盒的两端设有风门；矩形管状结构与储粮仓上的筛网可拆卸式连接；多个通风角盒在储粮仓内错开设置；部分储粮仓通过管道与所述的风机设置在储粮仓外，风机的进风口通过通风管道与部分通风角盒连通，风机的出风口通过通风管道与部分通风角盒连通。本发明提高玉米穗水分向空气中进行扩散的效率，增强玉米穗储粮仓的通风效果，保证了粮食通过机械通风和自然通风降至安全水分。
The invention discloses a forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying bin and a using method, comprising a grain storage bin, a fan, a door and a ventilation corner box. A plurality of ventilation corner boxes are arranged in the grain storage bin, and the upper cross section of the ventilation corner box is Smaller than the lower cross-sectional area, along the longitudinal direction of the ventilation corner box, it is divided into three sections, the middle section is a ventilation mesh structure, the two end sections are rectangular tubular structures, and there are dampers at both ends of the ventilation corner box; The tubular structure is detachably connected to the screen on the grain storage bin; a plurality of ventilation corner boxes are arranged in a staggered manner in the grain storage bin; some of the grain storage bins are arranged outside the grain storage bin through pipes and the fan, and the air inlet of the fan is connected with the ventilation pipe through the ventilation pipe. Part of the ventilation corner boxes are communicated, and the air outlet of the fan is communicated with part of the ventilation corner boxes through a ventilation duct. The invention improves the diffusion efficiency of corn ear moisture into the air, enhances the ventilation effect of the corn ear storage granary, and ensures that the grain is reduced to safe moisture through mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin and a using method thereof, belonging to grain storage equipment.
Background
With the increasing of the corn yield in recent years, the grain price is increased, and the pursuit of people for high-quality life, the corn ear storage demand of farmers is increased year by year, and the corn ear storage device has great market application prospect for developing quality-guaranteeing grain storage facilities for large farmers and farmers.
The inventor finds that the traditional corn ear storage grain bin usually utilizes natural ventilation to air-dry and air-dry the corn ears, the air-dry effect in rainy weather is poor, the heat in the corn cannot be dissipated, and mildew, rat damage and insect damage are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a large-scale forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying bin, which comprises a grain storage bin, a fan, a door and ventilation corner boxes, wherein a plurality of ventilation corner boxes are arranged in the grain storage bin, the cross section of the upper part of each ventilation corner box is smaller than that of the lower part of each ventilation corner box, the ventilation corner boxes are divided into three sections along the longitudinal direction of the ventilation corner boxes, the middle section of each ventilation corner box is of a ventilation net structure, the two end sections of each ventilation corner box are of a rectangular tubular structure, and air doors are arranged at the two ends of each ventilation corner box; the rectangular tubular structure is detachably connected with a steel mesh around the grain storage bin; the plurality of ventilation corner boxes are arranged in the grain storage bin in a staggered manner; part of the grain storage bin is arranged outside the grain storage bin through a pipeline and the fan, the air inlet of the fan is communicated with part of the ventilation corner boxes through a ventilation pipeline, and the air outlet of the fan is communicated with part of the ventilation corner boxes through the ventilation pipeline.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where an air inlet of the fan is connected to a ventilation corner box pipeline in a front-back direction through a first pipeline three-way valve, an air outlet is connected to a ventilation corner box pipeline in a left-right direction through a second pipeline three-way valve, and a third outlet of the two pipeline three-way valves is provided with an openable air door.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the ventilation corner boxes are arranged in a staggered manner at a set angle, and are divided into a front-back installation manner and a left-right installation manner, and are uniformly distributed up and down; the ventilation corner boxes are communicated two by two.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in which a forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying bin is further provided, and a natural ventilation channel with a hollow structure is further disposed in the middle of the forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying bin, and is a cylindrical mesh structure surrounded by a steel wire mesh, and the upper end of the natural ventilation channel is sealed, and the lower end of the natural ventilation channel is not sealed, so that an effect of upward air draft like a chimney is achieved.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in order to enhance grain temperature monitoring, a plurality of temperature sensors and corresponding control systems are arranged around the inside of the grain storage bin and between the upper grain layer and the lower grain layer, and the fan is automatically controlled to be turned on or off according to requirements of temperature and time.
In combination with the first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in order to meet the grain storage requirement of the grain storage bin and reduce land occupation, the corn ear grain storage bin adopts a plurality of rectangular frame units connected in parallel, so that bin bodies of the grain storage bin can be combined at will according to the quantity of stored corn ears, and the bottom surface and the surrounding steel wire meshes play a role in sealing storage space, thereby not only naturally ventilating, but also preventing mouse and insect pests.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the grain storage bin is made of a steel pipe as a framework, the periphery of the grain storage bin is covered with a steel wire mesh cage, purlins are arranged above the grain storage bin, and foldable rain-proof cloth is laid on the purlins; the front of the grain storage bin is provided with an openable door, and the bottom of the grain storage bin is additionally provided with a layer of dense rat-proof net to form a cuboid grain storage space. The bottom surface of the grain storage bin is suspended in the air through the supporting upright posts.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a use method of the large-scale forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying bin, which comprises the following steps;
when the sensor detects that the temperature difference between the grain temperature and the outdoor air is higher than a set temperature, the control system can start the fan to perform ventilation operation, press-in ventilation is adopted due to small air humidity in the daytime, and suction ventilation is adopted due to large air humidity at night; during daytime operation, air is pressed into the grain pile in the bin through a fan pipeline, at the moment, a gate of a first pipeline three-way valve at an air inlet of the fan is closed, an air door of the first pipeline three-way valve is opened, a gate of a second pipeline three-way valve at an air outlet is opened, an air door cover of the second pipeline three-way valve is covered, air passes through the grain pile through a pipeline and a ventilation corner box under the action of pressure difference and is emitted outwards, and damp and hot air in the grain is forcibly discharged; when the grain storage bin is operated at night, air in the grain stack in the bin is sucked out through the fan, at the moment, the gate of the first pipeline three-way valve at the air inlet of the fan is opened, the air door cover of the first pipeline three-way valve is closed, the gate of the second pipeline three-way valve at the air outlet is closed, the air door of the second pipeline three-way valve is opened, so that the whole grain stack forms negative pressure, and outside air enters from the outside of the bin and transversely passes through the grain stack under the action of pressure difference; the two ventilation modes can carry out various operations such as transverse cooling ventilation, temperature and humidity equalization ventilation, grain cooling ventilation, food-grade inert powder aerosol pest control, circular flow nitrogen charging, circular flow fumigation and the like on the grain pile; when mechanical ventilation is adopted, the air doors at the end parts of the ventilation corner boxes are all closed.
When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature difference between the grain temperature and the outdoor air is below a set temperature, the state can be converted into a natural ventilation state, and at the moment, the air doors at the end parts of the ventilation corner boxes are all opened.
The embodiment disclosed by the invention has the following positive effects:
1. according to the invention, through the net-shaped bin wall and the ventilation corner boxes in the grain storage bin, the contact area of the corncob grain storage bin and the air is enlarged, the diffusion efficiency of corncob moisture to the air is improved, the ventilation effect of the corncob grain storage bin is enhanced, the reduction of the grain to safe moisture through mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation is ensured, the purposes of mouse prevention, ventilation, precipitation, moisture prevention and mold prevention are effectively realized, and the corncob does not fall to the ground even if the corncob falls off, so that the grain quality can be ensured, the grain loss is reduced, the energy is saved, the transportation quantity is reduced, the cost is reduced, the environmental pollution caused by the grain drying link is reduced, and the safe storage of the high-moisture corncob is realized.
2. The shape of the ventilation corner box is that the upper end is thinner than the lower end, and the ventilation corner box is in a triangle shape, so that the corncobs can be conveniently dispersed.
3. The grain storage bin adopts a plurality of rectangular frame units which are connected in parallel, so that the bin body of the grain storage bin can be combined randomly according to the quantity of the corn ears to be stored, and the effect of sealing a storage space is achieved through the steel wire meshes on the bottom surface and the periphery, so that the natural ventilation is realized, and the rat damage and insect damage are prevented.
4. In order to enhance grain temperature monitoring, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged around the inside of the grain storage bin and between the upper grain layer and the lower grain layer, the temperature sensors are connected with a control system, and the control system automatically controls the opening of the fan according to the requirements of temperature and time.
5. The forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin disclosed by the invention is also provided with a natural ventilation channel with a hollow structure in the middle, wherein the natural ventilation channel is of a cylindrical net structure surrounded by a steel wire mesh, the upper end of the natural ventilation channel is sealed, and the lower end of the natural ventilation channel is not sealed, so that the forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin plays a role of upwards drawing air like a chimney.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a positive and negative pressure mechanical vent ear dry bin of the present invention according to one or more embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a positive and negative pressure mechanical draught ear drying bin of the present invention according to one or more embodiments.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a large positive and negative pressure mechanical air ear dry bin of the present invention according to one or more embodiments.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a positive and negative pressure mechanical air ear dry bin of the present invention in accordance with one or more embodiments.
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a ventilation corner box of the present invention according to one or more embodiments.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below: the ear storage granary comprises a granary body 1, an ear storage granary body 2, a ventilation angle box 3, a fan 4, a pipeline three-way valve 5, an air door 6, an air duct gate 7, a pipeline 8, an angle box air door 9, a door 10, a natural ventilation channel 11 and an angle box flange.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As introduced in the background art, the inventor finds that the traditional corncob storage barn generally utilizes natural ventilation to air-dry and dry corncobs, has poor drying effect in rainy weather, cannot dissipate heat in corns, is easy to cause mildew, rat damage and insect damage, has small width and occupies more land, and provides the combined mechanical ventilation corncob storage barn and the using method in order to solve the technical problems.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a dry storehouse of large-scale positive negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear of grain, including granary 1, fan 3, pipeline 7, door 9, ventilation angle box 2, temperature sensor and control system etc. the periphery of granary 1 passes through the wire net cage cover, and the top is equipped with the purlin, lays folding waterproof cloth on the purlin.
Two doors 9 are arranged on the front surface of the grain storage bin 1 from top to bottom, and a steel wire mesh is arranged on each door, so that the corn ears can be conveniently stored and taken out. The grain storage bin is a steel skeleton rectangular grain storage bin 1, steel pipes are used as skeletons, steel wire meshes are used as stress parts, six surfaces of the grain storage bin are covered by steel meshes, a layer of dense rat-proof mesh is added on the bottom surface of the grain storage bin to form a cuboid grain containing space, and the steel pipes are all detachably assembled; supporting upright posts are uniformly distributed on the four feet and the middle of the bottom of the grain storage bin, and the bottom surface of the grain storage bin is suspended in the air through the supporting upright posts; the ventilation pipeline 7 is communicated with the inside of the grain storage bin at the lower suspended position and is communicated with the ventilation corner box 2.
The shape of the ventilation corner box 2 is shown in figure 5, the upper part of the ventilation corner box is thinner than the lower part of the ventilation corner box, the upper part of the ventilation corner box is triangular, the lower part of the ventilation corner box is rectangular, and the upper part of the ventilation corner box is triangular, so that the corncobs can be conveniently dispersed; the ventilation angle box 2 is divided into three sections, the middle section of the ventilation angle box is of a ventilation net structure, two ends of the ventilation net structure are of rectangular steel body structures, and the rectangular steel body structures and the middle section of the ventilation net structure are welded together to form a whole; the rectangular steel body structure is welded with corner box flanges, and two ends of the rectangular steel body structure are connected with the peripheral screen meshes through the corner box flanges 11 and bolts; the ventilation angle boxes 2 are arranged in a staggered mode at a set angle, are divided into a front mounting mode, a rear mounting mode and a left mounting mode, and are uniformly distributed up and down; the side wall of the ventilation corner box 2 is also in a ventilation net structure, and the ventilation corner boxes are communicated in pairs (the two-in-pairs communication means that two ventilation corner boxes form a group, and two ventilation corner boxes in the same group are communicated); the outermost ends of the two ends of the ventilation corner box 2 are provided with corner box air doors 8 which can be opened and closed.
The air inlet of the fan 3 is connected with the ventilation angle box pipeline in the front-back direction through a first pipeline three-way valve 4, the air outlet is connected with the ventilation angle box pipeline in the left-right direction through a second pipeline three-way valve 4, and the third outlet positions of the two pipeline three-way valves are provided with air doors 5 capable of being opened.
Further, in the large-scale forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation ear drying bin in this embodiment, a natural ventilation channel 10 with a hollow structure is further arranged in the middle, the natural ventilation channel is a cylindrical mesh structure surrounded by a steel wire mesh, the upper end of the natural ventilation channel is sealed, and the lower end of the natural ventilation channel is not sealed.
Furthermore, in order to enhance grain temperature monitoring in the embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged around the inside of the grain storage bin and between the upper grain layer and the lower grain layer, the temperature sensors are connected with a control system, and the control system automatically controls the fan 3 to be turned on or turned off according to the requirements of temperature and time.
When the temperature difference between the grain temperature and the outdoor air is detected to be more than 7 ℃ by the sensor, the control system can start the fan 3 to perform ventilation operation, the forced ventilation is adopted due to small air humidity in the daytime, and the suction ventilation is adopted due to large air humidity at night; during daytime operation, air is pressed into the grain pile in the bin through a fan pipeline, at the moment, a gate of a pipeline three-way valve 4 at an air inlet is closed, an upward air door of the pipeline three-way valve 4 is opened, a pipeline gate 6 of the pipeline three-way valve 4 at an air outlet is opened, three upward ventilation doors 5 of the pipeline three-way valve 4 are covered, air passes through the grain pile through a pipeline 7, a ventilation corner box and the like under the action of pressure difference and is emitted outwards, and damp and hot air in the grain is removed forcibly; when the grain-stacking machine is operated at night, air in the grain stack in the warehouse is sucked out through the fan, at the moment, the gate of the pipeline three-way valve 4 at the air inlet is opened, the upward air door cover of the pipeline three-way valve 4 is arranged at the air outlet, the gate 6 of the pipeline three-way valve 4 at the air outlet is closed, the upward air door 5 of the pipeline three-way valve 4 is opened, so that the whole grain stack forms negative pressure, and outside air enters from the outside of the warehouse under the action of pressure difference and transversely passes through the grain stack; the two ventilation modes can carry out various operations such as transverse cooling ventilation, temperature and humidity equalization ventilation, grain cooling ventilation, food-grade inert powder aerosol pest control, circular flow nitrogen charging, circular flow fumigation and the like on the grain pile; when mechanical ventilation is used, the ventilation doors 8 outside the ventilation corner boxes are all closed.
When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature difference between the grain temperature and the outdoor air is below 7 ℃, the state can be converted into a natural ventilation state, and at the moment, the air doors 8 outside the ventilation corner box are all opened.
Furthermore, the grain storage bin 1 in the embodiment adopts a plurality of rectangular frame units which are connected in parallel, so that the bin bodies of the grain storage bin can be combined randomly according to the quantity of the corn ears to be stored, and the effect of sealing the storage space is achieved through the bottom surface and the steel wire meshes on the periphery, so that the natural ventilation is realized, and the rat damage and the insect damage are prevented.
The drying principle, the using method and the like of the invention are explained in detail below by taking the newly harvested corncobs in Huang-Huai-Hai rotation areas as an example:
1. the drying mechanism is as follows:
the moisture content of newly-harvested corncobs in Huang-Huai-Hai rotation areas is higher, the average moisture content is generally more than 35%, and the fresh-harvested corncobs are sensitive to mildew due to high temperature and high air humidity during harvesting, and if the fresh-harvested corncobs are not spread for drying or ventilation in time, the mildew cannot be avoided. The basic problem of tedding is that the temperature difference between the corn and the ambient temperature is reduced by ventilation, the moisture difference between the air humidity and the moisture content of the fresh corn ear is the main factor of heat accumulation of the corn ear, the high moisture content of the corn ear relative to the air humidity naturally needs to transfer excessive moisture into the atmosphere, the transfer power is the temperature rise of the air at the position caused by the heat accumulation and temperature rise of the corn ear, the relative humidity of the air at the position is reduced although the moisture content of the air is not changed, the relative humidity difference of the inside and outside air is formed, the moisture of the corn ear overflows to make up the air with lower relative humidity so as to achieve the balance of the relative humidity of the air, the relative humidity of the surrounding air of the corn ear is balanced with the outside, but the moisture content of the air is increased due to the overflow of the moisture of the corn ear, the air temperature is increased, once the air temperature is slightly reduced, the relative humidity of the air can be rapidly increased, the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is very easy to cause the temperature rise and the mildew of the corncob, the air is taken out by the convection of the external air, so that the temperature, the relative humidity and the air moisture content of the air around the corncob are consistent with the ambient air, the temperature of the corncob is also consistent with the ambient air, a new relative balance stage is achieved, and the process is the process of the corncob precipitation drying.
However, because the field is limited to be spread into a thin layer and only can be tedded on a road, which is contrary to the policies of traffic safety and food safety, the corn pile in the field is often large, high and thick, the convection exchange of hot air and ambient air in the corn pile is difficult only by the air convection under the normal pressure, and the air exchange between the inside and the outside of the corn pile can be completed only by a forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation method, so that the purposes of precipitation, cooling balance, inside and outside air temperature difference, relative humidity difference and air moisture content difference are achieved. The larger the temperature difference of the air inside and outside the corn ear pile is, the higher the respiratory strength of the high-moisture corn ear is, and the faster the corn precipitation speed is. However, in the natural state, the larger the temperature difference is, the higher the respiration intensity of corn is, and the more active the growth and reproduction of pests and mold microorganisms are, which is the key point of corn quality preservation and dryness, and must be paid high attention. The heat exchange type drying precipitation with a heat source inhibits the channels of the corn mildew under the condition of high precipitation rate because the environment temperature is much higher than the temperature suitable for the growth and reproduction of corn pests and mildew microorganisms. When the natural bin is dried, the temperature is adjusted by mechanical ventilation, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the grain pile is controlled within a certain range, so that the respiration intensity is reduced, insect pests and microorganism growth are inhibited, the quality reduction of the grains is delayed, and the grains are safely stored. In the initial stage of harvesting, because the moisture content of the corn is high, the corn is an active stage of accumulated heat temperature rise of the corn ear, so that the ventilation of the corn stack is enhanced, small temperature difference, relative humidity difference and air moisture content difference of the inner air and the outer air caused by accumulated heat temperature rise of the corn ear are eliminated, and the respiratory intensity of the corn ear is reduced.
2. The specific application method is as follows:
2.1 Loading and unloading of grains
2.1.1 feeding grain by a belt conveyer with adjustable height.
2.1.2, the proper height of the fallen corn is adjusted at any time, the height of the fallen corn is not more than 1.5 m, otherwise, the high-moisture corn ear is easy to break the ear grains.
2.1.3 when loading grain, pay attention to the belt feeder and the interference of ventilation pore, rationally dodge.
2.1.4 the belt conveyor firstly feeds grains from a lower door, and an operator can find and supplement the grain feeding height in the barn if necessary; when the grain feeding is limited and difficult to continue, the belt conveyor is switched to the door for feeding the grain; finally, the leveling and the filling can be carried out through the upper edge of the granary.
2.1.5 granary can suitably be high in the middle of going up the top, but need not influence the normal opening and shutting of top waterproof cloth, along with the drying of corncob, the maize total volume has certain shrink.
2.1.6 when unloading the grain, the lower door is opened.
2.2 operating conditions
The forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin has three normal working states:
firstly, in the state of normal-pressure ventilation,
secondly, in a positive pressure ventilation state,
and thirdly, a negative pressure ventilation state.
And (3) normal-pressure ventilation state: the induced draft fan is closed, and the external ventilation openings of the positive (negative) pressure ventilation system are all opened.
Positive pressure ventilation state: the positive pressure ventilation system works, the induced draft fan is started, a channel of an air outlet tee joint of the induced draft fan connected with the atmosphere is closed, a channel connected with the granary is opened, the external ventilation opening of the positive pressure channel of the granary is closed, and the external ventilation opening of the negative pressure channel of the granary is opened; the three-way passage of the air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the air and the passage connected with the granary is opened and closed.
And (3) negative pressure ventilation state: the negative pressure ventilation system works, the induced draft fan starts, the air inlet tee joint of the induced draft fan is connected with the channel of the atmosphere and closed, the channel connected with the granary is opened, the external ventilation opening of the negative pressure channel of the granary is closed, and the external ventilation opening of the positive pressure channel of the granary is opened; the channel of the induced draft fan air outlet tee joint with the atmosphere is opened, and the channel of the induced draft fan air outlet tee joint with the granary is closed.
Other states-rain: in case of rain, in order to prevent rainwater on the top from vertically permeating into the granary, the canvas control rope on the top is pulled to cover the rainproof canvas, and the canvas is pulled up to ventilate in time after the rain stops; three normal working states are not affected in rain and can continue working.
Other states-fumigation: when the granary grain needs to be fumigated, the induced draft fan is started to suck fumigation smoke into the positive (negative) pressure ventilation system from the air inlet of the induced draft fan, the external ventilation openings of the positive (negative) pressure ventilation system are closed, the air inlet tee joint of the induced draft fan is connected with the closed channel of the atmosphere, and the channel connected with the granary is opened; meanwhile, a channel of the three-way connection air outlet of the induced draft fan is also closed, and a channel of the connection granary is also opened; the fumigation smoke circulates and spreads in the granary, and when necessary, the induced draft fan can be intermittently started and stopped to protect the smoke in the granary until the requirements are met.
If the forced positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin is more, a special person can be arranged for the non-intelligent positive and negative pressure mechanical ventilation dry ear bin, and the main work is to manually open an external ventilation opening of a positive (negative) pressure ventilation system in a normal pressure ventilation state. If the dry windear bin is less, the dry windear bin is not worthy of being attended by a special person, the dry windear bin can be respectively in a positive pressure ventilation state in the daytime and in a negative pressure ventilation state at night in normal weather, the drying efficiency and the power consumption can be slightly changed disadvantageously, but the dry windear bin is still worthy of being saved compared with manpower.
2.3 daily operations
When the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the bin exceeds the specified temperature, the draught fan is started, and the dry ear bin enters a positive (negative) pressure ventilation state. The shutdown of the induced draft fan is controlled by an automatic control system, and manual operation is not needed.
In the daytime (daytime), the temperature inside and outside the bin exceeds the specified temperature, the draught fan is started, and the dry ear bin enters a positive pressure ventilation state. 7 in the morning: 00, the following work needs to be manually performed:
firstly, the air outlet tee joint of the induced draft fan is connected with the channel of the atmosphere and the channel connected with the granary is opened,
② the external ventilation opening of the positive pressure channel of the granary is closed,
opening an external vent of the negative pressure channel of the granary;
and fourthly, opening a channel of the three-way connection of the air inlet of the induced draft fan with the atmosphere and closing a channel of the three-way connection of the induced draft fan with the granary.
At night (19: 00-7: 00 the next day), when the temperature inside and outside the bin exceeds the specified temperature, the draught fan is started, and the ear drying bin enters a negative pressure ventilation state. 19 at night: 00, the following work needs to be manually performed:
firstly, the air inlet tee joint of the induced draft fan is connected with the channel of the atmosphere and the channel connected with the granary is opened,
② the external ventilation opening of the granary negative pressure channel is closed,
opening an external ventilation opening of the positive pressure channel of the granary;
fourthly, opening a channel of the three-way connection atmosphere at the air outlet of the induced draft fan and closing a channel of the connection granary.
The temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the bin does not exceed the specified temperature, and the dried ear bin enters a normal-pressure ventilation state. When nobody is on duty, the normal pressure ventilation state can be replaced by a daytime (daytime) positive pressure ventilation state/nighttime negative pressure ventilation state.
Closely pay attention to local weather forecast, the top rain-proof cloth is pulled in advance in rainy weather, rainwater is prevented from vertically leaking into the grain pile from the top, and hogwash on four vertical surfaces has little influence on the grain pile. When the temperature difference inside and outside the bin exceeds the specified temperature in rainy days, the temperature is reduced and ventilated in a positive pressure ventilation state. The top waterproof cloth is pulled up to the rearmost arched bin edge by the rear rope, and the pulling up and the covering of the waterproof cloth are both fixed and tied firmly by the rope, so that the top waterproof cloth is prevented from being blown up by side wind.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN111656972A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-15 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | A kind of corn ear ventilation and drying storage device and method |
| CN114234531B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2025-02-18 | 上海来柜智能科技有限公司 | A longitudinal connection device |
| CN115997564A (en) * | 2023-02-12 | 2023-04-25 | 北京清冠科技有限公司 | Thermal-insulated ventilation's granary |
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| CN101569263B (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2012-07-04 | 国家粮食局科学研究院 | Granary lateral ventilation method and system thereof |
| CN105660059A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-06-15 | 陈振东 | Corn ear natural drying grain bin |
| CN105917872B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-03-16 | 湖北叶威（集团）粮油机械有限公司 | Cross current ventilation unit |
| CN205681904U (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-11-16 | 陈世海 | Grain negative pressure air drying cabin |
| RU170898U1 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-05-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Брянский государственный аграрный университет" | GRAIN WITH MULTILEVEL VENTILATION SYSTEM |
| CN107873265A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-06 | 何振贤 | Corncob storage bin |
| CN208273657U (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-12-25 | 四川百威智联科技有限公司 | A kind of transversal ventilation system of Internet of Things silo |
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