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CN111150401A - A method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity - Google Patents

A method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity Download PDF

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CN111150401A
CN111150401A CN201911405501.7A CN201911405501A CN111150401A CN 111150401 A CN111150401 A CN 111150401A CN 201911405501 A CN201911405501 A CN 201911405501A CN 111150401 A CN111150401 A CN 111150401A
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tissue
light
light intensity
light source
tissue thickness
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吕朝锋
陆明
杜洋坤
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/1075—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/1079—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof using optical or photographic means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6832—Means for maintaining contact with the body using adhesives
    • A61B5/6833—Adhesive patches

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Abstract

本发明公开一种利用探测出射光强测量组织厚度的方法，包括以下步骤：待测组织折射率、衰减系数的获取，入射光强的测量，光源及光电探测器在组织表面粘贴相对位置的确定，光电传感器感光面积的选取，透射光强的测量。在测得透射光强数值后，利用公式计算出组织厚度。由于该方法可以和柔性LED和柔性光电探测器结合，达到实时监测组织尺寸的目的，在临床医学领域有较大的实际意义。

Figure 201911405501

The invention discloses a method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity. , the selection of the photosensitive area of the photoelectric sensor, and the measurement of the transmitted light intensity. After the transmitted light intensity value is measured, the tissue thickness is calculated using the formula. Since this method can be combined with flexible LEDs and flexible photodetectors to achieve real-time monitoring of tissue size, it has great practical significance in the field of clinical medicine.

Figure 201911405501

Description

Method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting emergent light intensity
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tissue optics, in particular to a method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting emergent light intensity.
Background
The measurement of tissue thickness is of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of certain diseases. For example, in case of an aneurysm, the rupture risk is low when the size of the aneurysm is small, and the rupture risk is not influenced only by periodically rechecking and controlling the aneurysm within a reasonable size range, but also obviously increases after the size of the aneurysm grows to a certain degree, and measures such as open surgery or arterial endoluminal repair are needed for management and control. However, the existing tissue size measurement method mainly depends on large medical equipment such as CT, B-ultrasonic and the like, a patient needs to go to a hospital for reexamination regularly, and the tissue size information cannot be acquired in the reexamination interval period, so that hidden dangers are brought to the life safety of the patient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for measuring the thickness of a tissue by using detected emergent light intensity, which can be combined with the flexible electronic technology which is rapidly developed at present to realize the aim of monitoring the growth of the biological tissue in real time and has far-reaching significance to the field of biomedicine.
A method for measuring the thickness of the tissue by using the detected emergent light intensity specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining the refractive index and the attenuation coefficient of the tissue to be detected;
s2: attaching a light source and a photoelectric detector in a pair manner, and detecting the light intensity of incident light of the light source;
s3: respectively attaching a light source and a photoelectric detector to the front side and the rear side of a tissue to be detected, wherein the path of light emitted by the light source is vertical to the surface of the tissue to be detected and is received by the photoelectric detector, the light source is light with a single wavelength, and the photosensitive area of the photoelectric detector is not more than the area of an incident light spot of the light source;
s4: detecting the light intensity of emergent light of the photoelectric detector;
s5: according to the formula
Figure BDA0002348517040000011
Calculating the tissue thickness, where d is the tissue thickness, r is the reflection coefficient at the interface when light is incident from medium 1 to medium 2, μtAttenuation coefficient of incident light in tissue to be measured, E0For recorded incident light intensity, EtFor detected intensity of emergent light, n1Refractive index of the external material of the tissue, n2Is the refractive index of the tissue to be measured.
Furthermore, the refractive index and the attenuation coefficient of the tissue to be detected are obtained by experimental calibration or literature search.
Further, the wavelength of the incident light source is 633 nm.
Furthermore, the light source is a flexible LED light source, and the photoelectric detector is a small ultrathin flexible photoelectric detector.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for monitoring the change process of the tissue thickness by detecting the change of the emergent light intensity can calculate the tissue thickness by measuring the light intensity transmitted out of the tissue according to the tissue optical correlation theory. At present, the technology development in the field of flexible electronics is relatively fast, a flexible light source and a flexible photoelectric detector which are compatible with biological tissues can be prepared and obtained through the flexible electronic technology, and the purpose of monitoring the tissue thickness in real time can be achieved by applying the method provided by the invention and combining the flexible electronic technology. Monitoring tissue thickness is critical to the diagnosis and prevention of certain diseases, and thus, the method proposed by the present invention is of far reaching importance in the biomedical field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position of the incident light source and the photodetector attached to the tissue to be measured according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. light source, 2, photodetector, 3, biological tissue.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the objects and effects of the present invention will become more apparent, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting emergent light intensity, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the refractive index and attenuation coefficient of a tissue to be measured by an experimental calibration or literature search method, selecting an incident light source and a photoelectric detector according to the characteristics of the tissue to be measured, recording the incident light intensity, pasting the light source and the photoelectric detector on the two sides of the tissue, measuring the change of transmitted light intensity by the photoelectric detector, and calculating the tissue thickness under the corresponding transmitted light intensity according to a formula, wherein the pasting position is shown in figure 1.
In order to calculate the tissue thickness according to the transmitted light intensity detected by the photodetector by a formula, the refractive index of the tissue and the attenuation coefficient of the incident light wavelength need to be determined by an experimental calibration method or a literature search method.
In order to obtain a greater transmitted intensity at the same incident light intensity, which is selected over the tissue optical window band, preferably a 633nm wavelength light source, in order to allow the light entering the tissue to be substantially attenuated without being strongly absorbed by the tissue.
In order to enable the method to be applied to the inside of a living body, a flexible LED light source is selected as the light source, a small ultrathin flexible photoelectric detector is selected as the photoelectric detector, and the light emitted by the LED and received by the photoelectric detector can be regarded as a collimated light beam due to the fact that the photosensitive area of the photoelectric detector is small enough.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, obtaining relevant information such as refractive index and attenuation coefficient of the tissue to be detected by means of experimental calibration or data consulting and the like;
s2, measuring the luminous intensity of the flexible LED by using an ultrathin and miniaturized flexible photoelectric detector, wherein the photoelectric detector is tightly attached to the light source and is positioned at the center of the light source as much as possible, simulating the condition when the LED is in contact with the tissue, and recording the obtained light intensity as E0The flexible LED is a monochromatic light source, and a light source with the wavelength of 633nm is selected;
s3, attaching the flexible LED to one side of the tissue and enabling the flexible LED to emit light in a normally bright mode;
s4, attaching the ultrathin, flexible and miniaturized flexible photoelectric detector to the other side of the tissue, facing the position of the flexible LED light source, and recording the transmission light intensity value detected by the photoelectric detector as E, wherein the positions of the light source and the photoelectric detector attached to the surface of the tissue are shown in figure 1t；
S5, according to the formula:
Figure BDA0002348517040000031
the thickness of the tissue is calculated by measuring the resulting transmitted light intensity.
For better understanding of the origin of the formula in step S5, the idea and steps when the formula is reversed are attached below. When light is incident normally to the tissue surface, a portion of the light is reflected at the interface, with a reflection coefficient r,
Figure BDA0002348517040000032
so that the transmitted portion has a light intensity of E1＝E0(1-r) the intensity of light transmitted into the tissue, which, when transmitted along the interior of the tissue, attenuates due to absorption and scattering as the transmission distance in the tissue increases, according to beer's law, the law of the intensity of light in the tissue as a function of the depth of incidence is:
Figure BDA0002348517040000033
wherein x is the incident depth of light in the tissue, x is 0 at the incident position, d is the thickness of the tissue, and when the light is transmitted to the boundary at the other side of the tissue, the light intensity is changed
Figure BDA0002348517040000034
After the light reaches the boundary on the other side, a part of the light is reflected back to the inside of the tissue to continuously interact with the tissue, and a part of the light is transmitted out of the tissue
Figure BDA0002348517040000035
Through formula transformation, the relation between the tissue width and the transmitted light intensity is obtained
Figure BDA0002348517040000036
Where d is the tissue thickness, r is the reflection coefficient of light incident on the tissue from outside the tissue to inside the tissue, μtAttenuation coefficient of incident light in tissue to be measured, E0For recorded incident light intensity, EtFor detected intensity of emergent light, n1Refractive index of the external material of the tissue, n2Is the refractive index of the tissue to be measured.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. All modifications, equivalents and the like which come within the spirit and principle of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种利用探测出射光强测量组织厚度的方法，所述的组织表面入射光束远远小于组织尺寸，入射光束为准直光束，包括以下步骤：1. A method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity, wherein the incident light beam on the surface of the tissue is far smaller than the tissue size, and the incident light beam is a collimated light beam, comprising the following steps: S1：获取待测组织的折射率、衰减系数；S1: Obtain the refractive index and attenuation coefficient of the tissue to be measured; S2：将光源及光电探测器对贴，检测所述的光源的入射光的光强；S2: Abut the light source and the photodetector to detect the light intensity of the incident light of the light source; S3：将光源及光电探测器分别贴于待测组织的前后两侧，且所述的光源发出的光的路径垂直于所述的待测组织表面，被所述的光电探测器接收，所述的光源为单一波长的光，所述的光电探测器的感光面积不大于所述的光源的入射光斑的面积；S3: The light source and the photodetector are respectively attached to the front and rear sides of the tissue to be tested, and the path of the light emitted by the light source is perpendicular to the surface of the tissue to be tested, and is received by the photodetector. The light source is light of a single wavelength, and the photosensitive area of the photodetector is not greater than the area of the incident light spot of the light source; S4：检测所述的光电探测器的出射光光强；S4: detecting the light intensity of the outgoing light of the photodetector; S5：根据公式
Figure FDA0002348517030000011
计算出组织厚度，式中d为组织厚度，r为光从介质1入射到介质2时在界面处的反射系数，μt为入射光在待测组织中的衰减系数，E0为记录的入射光强，Et为探测的出射光强，n1为组织外部物质折射率，n2为待测组织折射率。S5: According to the formula
Figure FDA0002348517030000011
Calculate the tissue thickness, where d is the tissue thickness, r is the reflection coefficient at the interface when light is incident from medium 1 to medium 2, μ t is the attenuation coefficient of the incident light in the tissue to be measured, and E 0 is the recorded incident Light intensity, E t is the detected outgoing light intensity, n 1 is the refractive index of the material outside the tissue, and n 2 is the refractive index of the tissue to be measured. 2.根据权利要求1所述利用探测出射光强测量组织厚度的方法，其特征在于，所述的待测组织的折射率、衰减系数通过实验标定或文献查找获取。2 . The method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity according to claim 1 , wherein the refractive index and attenuation coefficient of the tissue to be measured are obtained through experimental calibration or literature search. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述利用探测出射光强测量组织厚度的方法，其特征在于，所述的入射光源波长为633nm。3 . The method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength of the incident light source is 633 nm. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述利用探测出射光强测量组织厚度的方法，其特征在于，所述的光源为柔性LED光源，所述的光电探测器为小型超薄柔性光电探测器。4 . The method for measuring tissue thickness by detecting outgoing light intensity according to claim 1 , wherein the light source is a flexible LED light source, and the photodetector is a small ultra-thin flexible photodetector. 5 .
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CN119594872A (en) * 2024-12-25 2025-03-11 西北工业大学 A thickness detection device for material engineering

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CN116295051A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-06-23 河北日泰新型管材有限公司 Cross-linked polyethylene pipe wall thickness measuring method based on special frequency illumination recognition technology
CN116295051B (en) * 2023-03-20 2024-01-05 河北日泰新型管材有限公司 Cross-linked polyethylene pipe wall thickness measuring method based on special frequency illumination recognition technology
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Application publication date: 20200515