CN111159008A - Test method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
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- CN111159008A CN111159008A CN201811326290.3A CN201811326290A CN111159008A CN 111159008 A CN111159008 A CN 111159008A CN 201811326290 A CN201811326290 A CN 201811326290A CN 111159008 A CN111159008 A CN 111159008A
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- G06F11/36—Prevention of errors by analysis, debugging or testing of software
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a test method and device and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation; modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message; and playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to perform result verification on the returned response message. The embodiment of the invention modifies and plays back the variable value in the request message obtained by the initial test to realize the automatic regression test by verifying the returned response, thereby avoiding identifying and controlling the html element, and greatly reducing the development and maintenance cost of the automatic test no matter the method is applied to the complex business process of a multi-business system or under the condition of unstable test environment.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a test method and apparatus, and an electronic device.
Background
The regression test is used as a component of the software life cycle, and occupies a great workload proportion in the whole software test process, and multiple regression tests can be carried out at each stage of software development.
The automated regression testing generally refers to simulating human testing behavior through computer software, and replacing human to execute testing operation.
Traditional automated regression testing tools for web applications typically implement automated testing by recognizing html elements and page controls.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems: when the existing automatic regression test is applied to the complex business process of a multi-business system, the situations of mixed use of multiple JS frames or nesting of multiple Iframe pages and the like are involved, and the identification and state judgment of the control are very complex; meanwhile, special processing of various unexpected pages is required for the unstable test environment, so that the development and maintenance costs of the automatic test are high.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a testing method and apparatus, and an electronic device, so as to solve a defect in the prior art that development and maintenance costs of an automated test are high due to the fact that the automated test is realized by identifying html elements and page controls.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a testing method, including:
acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation;
modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message;
and playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to perform result verification on the returned response message.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a testing apparatus, including:
the message acquisition module is used for acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in the initial test operation;
a variable modification module for modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message;
and the playback module is used for playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to verify the result of the returned response message.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including:
a memory for storing a program;
a processor for executing the program stored in the memory for:
acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation;
modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message;
and playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to perform result verification on the returned response message.
The test method and device and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention modify and playback the value of the variable in the request message obtained by the initial test, so as to realize the automatic regression test by verifying the returned response, avoid identifying and controlling the html element, and greatly reduce the development and maintenance cost of the automatic test no matter the test method and device is applied to the complex business process of a multi-business system or under the condition of unstable test environment.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a service system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a testing method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a testing method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a testing apparatus provided in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a testing apparatus provided in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In the prior art, automated testing is achieved by identifying html elements and page controls. When the automatic regression test is applied to the complex business process of the multi-business system, the situations of mixed use of multiple JS frames or nesting of multiple Iframe pages and the like are involved, and the identification and state judgment of the control are very complex; meanwhile, special processing of various unexpected pages is required for the unstable test environment, so that the development and maintenance costs of the automatic test are high. Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a test scheme, and the main principle is as follows: collecting http request messages and response messages (namely, recording processes) in various service operation processes in the web system through a first-pass test (for example, a manual test), modifying the values of variables in the request messages, and then playing back the request messages with the modified variable values to perform result verification on the returned response messages. In particular, the present application proposes a variable positioning and modification value determination algorithm, so as to be able to automatically infer the correlation between the collected request variables from the collected (recorded) results, and thus determine the modification values of the variables (for example, the values of some variables should be modified accordingly due to a change in the test environment after recording, and thus the values of their associated variables should be modified accordingly), and implement an automated regression test by verifying the returned responses. When the method is applied to the complex business process of a multi-business system, the identification and control of the html element can be avoided; under the condition that the response obtained by the request is not expected due to unstable test environment, the request message can be directly retransmitted, so that the development and maintenance cost of the automatic test is reduced.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to any service system with a software testing function. Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a service system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the structure shown in fig. 1 is only one example of a service system to which the technical solution of the present invention can be applied. As shown in fig. 1, the service system includes a testing device. The device includes: the message acquisition module, the variable modification module and the playback module may be configured to perform the processing flows shown in fig. 2 and 3 below. In the service system, firstly, a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation are obtained; then, according to the acquired request message and the corresponding response message, the variable value of the variable in the request message is modified; and replaying the request message after the variable value is modified so as to verify the result of the returned response message and realize the automatic regression test. The html element is prevented from being identified and controlled, and the development and maintenance cost of the automatic test can be greatly reduced no matter the html element is applied to a complex business process of a multi-business system or under the condition that the test environment is unstable.
The above embodiments are illustrations of technical principles and exemplary application frameworks of the embodiments of the present invention, and specific technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below through a plurality of embodiments.
Example one
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the testing method provided by the present invention, and an execution subject of the method may be the service system, various terminal or server devices having a software testing function, or a device or chip integrated on these devices. As shown in fig. 2, the test method includes the steps of:
s201, acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in the initial test operation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before performing the automated regression test, an initial test operation (for example, a manual side test) needs to be performed first to collect http request messages and response messages during various service operations in the web system. Specifically, an initial test operation procedure may be recorded, and a message storage file (e.g., an HAR file, a common format file for storing http request messages and response messages) may be generated; then, the message storage file is analyzed to obtain the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation.
And S202, modifying variable values of variables in the request messages according to the acquired request messages and the corresponding response messages.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation are acquired, the test environment changes, which causes the values of some variables to change accordingly, so that the values of the variables associated therewith should be modified accordingly. Accordingly, a variable localization and modification value determination algorithm is proposed, whereby the correlation between the collected request variables can be automatically presumed from the collected results, and whereby modification values of the variables can be determined.
S203, the request message after the variable value is modified is played back, and the returned response message is subjected to result verification.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the verification of the returned response may include: verifying whether the returned code or the returned response text contains a specific character string, and the like.
The test method provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the automatic regression test by modifying and replaying the value of the variable in the request message obtained by the initial test and verifying the returned response, avoids identifying and controlling the html element, and can greatly reduce the development and maintenance cost of the automatic test no matter the test method is applied to the complex business process of a multi-business system or under the condition of unstable test environment.
Example two
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a testing method provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the testing method provided in this embodiment may further include the following steps:
s301, recording an initial test operation process, and generating a message storage file.
S302, the message storage file is analyzed, and a request message and a corresponding response message in the initial test operation are obtained.
In the embodiment of the invention, the HAR file (message storage file) is analyzed, so that the http request message with sequence and various parameter variables in the http request message can be obtained.
In addition, the modification process of the variable values is as shown in steps S303 to S306 as follows:
s303, determining the variable value to be modified and the unique positioning position thereof in each request message.
In the embodiment of the present invention, all variables are listed in advance, when modifying the variable values, first, it is determined which variables exist in the request message, by default, all variables are attempted to be modified (it may also be specified that a certain variable is not modified), and if a certain variable cannot find a modified value, the original value is used, that is, no modification is performed. Meanwhile, when the variable value to be modified is determined, the unique positioning position of the variable value needs to be determined, so that the variable value in the http request message needs to be modified according to the unique positioning position in the following.
Specifically, it can be determined which request message in the HAR file the variable value is in (each request message will be sorted by time, given a number), which location type in the http request message (e.g., header, cookie, body, etc.), a specific location in the location type (for the header, cookie, etc. key/value type, the location can be determined by key; for body text, it can be located by a string containing the variable value), and then these three factors are combined to determine the uniquely located location of the variable value.
S304, in the response message before the request message, the source location of the variable value to be modified is searched to determine the matching pattern of the variable value to be modified.
S305, according to the matching pattern, searching a matching value matching the variable value to be modified in a response message before the request message.
S306, replacing the variable value to be modified with the matching value according to the unique positioning position of the variable value to be modified.
Since the test environment changes after the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation are acquired, the values of some variables are changed accordingly, and the values of their associated variables should be modified accordingly. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the matching pattern of the variable value to be modified is determined according to the source position of the variable value (i.e., determining how the variable value is modified), so that the correlation between the collected request variables can be automatically presumed according to the collected result, and thus the modified value (i.e., the matching value) of the variable can be determined. If the variable value to be modified is the same as the character string of a certain value, or the character string after the URL encoding and decoding is the same, the value can be considered as a matching value.
In addition, when there are a plurality of matching values that match the variable value to be modified, one of the plurality of matching values may be selected as a modified value; the value of the variable to be modified is then replaced with the modification value in accordance with the unique positioning position of the value of the variable to be modified.
Specifically, if the variable value to be modified is the key value type, the matching value in the response message closest to the current request message is selected as the modified value. And if the variable value to be modified is the character string type, selecting a modified value according to the character string length difference between each matching value and the variable value to be modified and the similarity between each matching value and the variable value to be modified.
S307, the request message after the variable value is modified is played back, so that the returned response message is subjected to result verification.
The test method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for modifying and playing back the request message by recording the request message obtained by the initial test and obtaining the modified value of the variable in the request message according to the analyzed request message and the corresponding response message, and realizing the automatic regression test by verifying the returned response, thereby avoiding identifying and controlling the html element.
EXAMPLE III
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a testing apparatus provided in the present invention, which can be used to execute the method steps shown in FIG. 2. As shown in fig. 4, the test apparatus may include: a message acquisition module 41, a variable modification module 42, and a playback module 43.
The message acquiring module 41 is configured to acquire a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation; the variable modification module 42 is configured to modify variable values of variables in each request message according to the acquired request message and the corresponding response message; the replay module 43 is used for replaying the request message after the variable value is modified so as to perform result verification on the returned response message.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before performing the automated regression test, an initial test operation (for example, a manual side test) needs to be performed first, and the message obtaining module 41 collects http request messages and response messages in each service operation process in the web system. Since the test environment changes after the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation are acquired, the values of some variables are changed accordingly, and the values of their associated variables should be modified accordingly. Therefore, the variable modification module 42 modifies the variable values of the variables in each request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message acquired by the message acquisition module 41, so as to automatically infer the correlation between the collected request variables according to the collected result, and thus determine the modified values of the variables. The replay module 43 then replays the request message after the variable modification module 42 modifies the variable value to perform result verification on the returned response message. For example, it may be verified whether the returned code or returned response body contains a particular string, etc.
The test device provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the automatic regression test by modifying and replaying the value of the variable in the request message obtained by the initial test and verifying the returned response, avoids identifying and controlling the html element, and can greatly reduce the development and maintenance cost of the automatic test no matter the test device is applied to the complex business process of a multi-business system or under the condition of unstable test environment.
Example four
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the testing apparatus provided by the present invention, which can be used to execute the method steps shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 5, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the variable modification module 42 may include: a variable determination unit 421, a source lookup unit 422, a matching value lookup unit 423, and a replacement unit 424.
The variable determining unit 421 may be configured to determine a variable value to be modified in each request message and a unique location position thereof; the source searching unit 422 may be configured to search, in a response message preceding the request message, a source location of the variable value to be modified to determine a matching pattern of the variable value to be modified; the matching value searching unit 423 is configured to search, according to the matching pattern determined by the source searching unit 422, a matching value matching the variable value to be modified in a response message before the request message; the replacing unit 424 may be configured to replace the variable value to be modified with the matching value found by the matching value searching unit 423 according to the unique positioning position of the variable value to be modified determined by the variable determining unit 421.
In the embodiment of the present invention, all variables are listed in advance, and when modifying the variable values, first, the variable determining unit 421 determines which variables exist in the request message, and by default, all variables will try to be modified (it may also be specified that a certain variable is not modified), and if a certain variable cannot find a modified value, the original value is used, that is, no modification is performed. Meanwhile, when determining the variable value to be modified, the variable determining unit 421 also needs to determine its unique location position, so that the variable value in the http request message needs to be modified according to the unique location position in the following.
Specifically, the variable determining unit 421 may determine in which request message in the HAR file the variable value is (each request message may be sorted by time, given a number), which location type (e.g., header, cookie, body, etc.) in the http request message, a specific location in the location type (for a key/value type such as header, cookie, etc., the location may be determined by a key; for body text, the location may be located by a string containing the variable value), and then combine these three factors to determine the uniquely located location of the variable value.
Since the test environment changes after the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation are acquired, the values of some variables are changed accordingly, and the values of their associated variables should be modified accordingly. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the source lookup unit 422 determines its matching pattern according to the source location of the variable value to be modified (i.e., determines how the variable value is modified), thereby being able to automatically infer the correlation between the collected request variables according to the collected result and enabling the matching value lookup unit 423 to determine the modified value (i.e., the matching value) of the variable. If the variable value to be modified is the same as the character string of a certain value, or the character string after the URL encoding and decoding is the same, the value can be considered as a matching value.
In addition, when there are a plurality of matching values that match the variable value to be modified, the replacement unit 424 may select one from the plurality of matching values as a modified value; the value of the variable to be modified is then replaced with the modification value in accordance with the unique positioning position of the value of the variable to be modified.
Specifically, if the variable value to be modified is a key value type, the replacing unit 424 selects a matching value in the response message closest to the current request message as the modified value. If the variable value to be modified is a string type, the replacing unit 424 selects a modified value according to the string length difference between each matching value and the variable value to be modified, and the similarity between each matching value and the variable value to be modified.
Further, in the testing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the message obtaining module 41 may include: a recording unit 411 and an analyzing unit 412.
The recording unit 411 may be configured to record an initial test operation process, and generate a message storage file; the parsing unit 412 may be configured to parse the message storage file, and obtain a request message and a corresponding response message in the initial testing operation.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the parsing unit 412 parses the HAR file (message storage file) generated by the recording unit 411, so as to obtain the http request message in sequence and various parameter variables in the http request message.
The test device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for modifying and playing back the request message by recording the request message obtained by the initial test and obtaining the modified value of the variable in the request message according to the analyzed request message and the corresponding response message, and realizing the automatic regression test by verifying the returned response, thereby avoiding identifying and controlling the html element.
EXAMPLE five
The internal functions and structure of the test apparatus, which can be implemented as an electronic device, are described above. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided in the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device includes a memory 61 and a processor 62.
And a memory 61 for storing programs. In addition to the above-described programs, the memory 61 may also be configured to store other various data to support operations on the electronic device. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, and so forth.
The memory 61 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile memory devices, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disks.
A processor 62, coupled to the memory 61, that executes programs stored by the memory 61 for:
acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation;
modifying variable values of variables in the request messages according to the acquired request messages and the corresponding response messages;
and playing back each request message after the variable value is modified so as to verify the result of the returned response message.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the electronic device may further include: communication components 63, power components 64, audio components 65, a display 66, and other components. Only some of the components are schematically shown in fig. 6, and the electronic device is not meant to include only the components shown in fig. 6.
The communication component 63 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the electronic device and other devices. The electronic device may access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 2G or 3G, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 63 receives broadcast signals or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 63 further comprises a Near Field Communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.
A power supply component 64 provides power to the various components of the electronic device. The power components 64 may include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for an electronic device.
The audio component 65 is configured to output and/or input an audio signal. For example, the audio assembly 65 includes a Microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when the electronic device is in an operational mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signal may further be stored in the memory 61 or transmitted via the communication component 63. In some embodiments, audio assembly 65 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.
The display 66 includes a screen, which may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and a Touch Panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive an input signal from a user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundary of a touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of testing, comprising:
acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation;
modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message;
and playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to perform result verification on the returned response message.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message comprises:
determining the variable value to be modified and the unique positioning position thereof in each request message;
searching a source position of the variable value to be modified in the response message before the request message to determine a matching pattern of the variable value to be modified;
according to the matching mode, searching a matching value matched with the variable value to be modified in the response message before the request message;
replacing the variable value to be modified with the match value according to the unique positioning position of the variable value to be modified.
3. The testing method according to claim 2, wherein, when the matching value matching the variable value to be modified is plural, the replacing the variable value to be modified with the matching value according to the unique positioning position of the variable value to be modified includes:
selecting one of the plurality of matching values as a modified value;
replacing the variable value to be modified with the modification value according to the unique positioning position of the variable value to be modified.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said selecting one of the plurality of matching values as a modified value comprises:
if the variable value to be modified is the key value type, selecting a matching value in the response message closest to the current request message as the modified value;
and if the variable value to be modified is the character string type, selecting the modified value according to the character string length difference between the matching value and the variable value to be modified and the similarity between the matching value and the variable value to be modified.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the obtaining of the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation comprises:
recording the initial test operation process to generate a message storage file;
and analyzing the message storage file to obtain the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation.
6. A test apparatus, comprising:
the message acquisition module is used for acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in the initial test operation;
a variable modification module for modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message;
and the playback module is used for playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to verify the result of the returned response message.
7. The testing device of claim 6, wherein the variable modification module comprises:
a variable determining unit, configured to determine a variable value to be modified in each request message and a unique location position thereof;
a source searching unit, configured to search, in the response message before the request message, a source location of the variable value to be modified to determine a matching pattern of the variable value to be modified;
a matching value searching unit, configured to search, according to the matching pattern, a matching value that matches the variable value to be modified in the response message before the request message;
and the replacing unit is used for replacing the variable value to be modified by the matching value according to the unique positioning position of the variable value to be modified.
8. The testing device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the message acquisition module comprises:
the recording unit is used for recording the initial test operation process and generating a message storage file;
and the analysis unit is used for analyzing the message storage file and acquiring the request message and the corresponding response message in the initial test operation.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a program;
a processor for executing the program stored in the memory for:
acquiring a request message and a corresponding response message in an initial test operation;
modifying the variable value of the variable in the request message according to the request message and the corresponding response message;
and playing back the request message after the variable value is modified so as to perform result verification on the returned response message.
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| CN114624575A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-14 | 长鑫存储技术有限公司 | Chip testing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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