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CN111141976A - Automatic ion thruster impedance characteristic simulation device and method based on electronic load - Google Patents

Automatic ion thruster impedance characteristic simulation device and method based on electronic load Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111141976A
CN111141976A CN201911373018.5A CN201911373018A CN111141976A CN 111141976 A CN111141976 A CN 111141976A CN 201911373018 A CN201911373018 A CN 201911373018A CN 111141976 A CN111141976 A CN 111141976A
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electronic load
ion thruster
ppu
voltage
impedance
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赵勇
耿海
马彦坤
梁凯
杨俊泰
史楷
丁国宗
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Lanzhou Institute of Physics of CAST
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant

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Abstract

本发明提出了一种基于电子负载的离子推力器阻抗特性自动模拟装置及方法，能够为实现离子电推进的多模式、高真实度的阻抗模拟。通过选用不同型号的可调电子负载，按照PPU内电源模块间电势关系对电子负载进行连接，最后利用工控机软件对供电回路中电压电流值进行判断，根据判断结果对开关阵列中继电器进行切换，并对电子负载参数进行调整，实现了被动式跟随PPU供电输出、自动地模拟离子推力器工作时的阻抗特性。该装置既能实现对离子推力器稳态工作模式的阻抗模拟，也能对推力器过渡状态、故障状态进行模拟。通过利用该装置进行高真实性的离子推力器替代测试，可以实现对PPU以及电推进分系统的低成本、高效率测试。

Figure 201911373018

The invention proposes an electronic load-based ion thruster impedance characteristic automatic simulation device and method, which can realize multi-mode and high-fidelity impedance simulation of ion electric propulsion. By selecting different types of adjustable electronic loads, the electronic loads are connected according to the potential relationship between the power modules in the PPU. Finally, the IPC software is used to judge the voltage and current values in the power supply circuit, and the relays in the switch array are switched according to the judgment results. And the electronic load parameters are adjusted to passively follow the PPU power supply output and automatically simulate the impedance characteristics of the ion thruster when it is working. The device can not only realize the impedance simulation of the steady-state working mode of the ion thruster, but also simulate the transition state and fault state of the thruster. By using this device for high-fidelity ion thruster replacement testing, low-cost and high-efficiency testing of the PPU and electric propulsion subsystems can be achieved.

Figure 201911373018

Description

Automatic ion thruster impedance characteristic simulation device and method based on electronic load
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ion thruster simulation, and particularly relates to an automatic simulation device and method for impedance characteristics of an ion thruster based on an electronic load.
Background
The impedance characteristic of the ion thruster in the working process is accurately and truly simulated, and the method has important significance for carrying out verification test on the power supply processing unit or the electric propulsion subsystem of the ion thruster. By utilizing the simulation device, a vacuum system can be avoided, so that the test efficiency is improved, the test cost is saved, and on the other hand, the simulation device has the advantages of being controllable at any time in the aspects of thruster failure and invalidation.
The ion electric propulsion power supply processing unit has 7 paths of output and multiple output modes, and all power supply modules are matched with each other and loaded to ensure the normal work of the ion thruster. The existing ion thruster impedance characteristic simulation device is mainly built by a power resistor, the simulation of a nonlinear load when the ion thruster works cannot be realized, the resistance value is adjusted only by controlling the series-parallel connection relation of the power resistor through a relay switch, the step-type impedance value is transitional, and the conversion truth degree of the simulated ion thruster at the working stage is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an automatic simulation device and method for impedance characteristics of an ion thruster based on an electronic load, which can realize multi-mode and high-fidelity impedance simulation of electric propulsion of ions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the automatic simulation device for the impedance characteristic of the ion thruster based on the electronic load comprises a high-voltage floating electronic load, a photoelectric conversion module, a high-voltage ignition counting module, a grounding electronic load, a physical isolation assembly, a grounding end ignition counting module, a switch array, a pressure and current measuring switch control unit and an industrial personal computer;
the power input of the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device is provided by the PPU according to the flow of controlling the ion thruster;
the physical isolation assembly is used for physically isolating the high-voltage floating electronic load, the photoelectric conversion module and the high-voltage ignition counting module; the photoelectric conversion module is used for realizing program-controlled communication isolation of the industrial personal computer to the high-voltage floating electronic load; the high-voltage ignition counting module is connected with the high-voltage floating electronic load, and the grounding end ignition counting module is connected with the grounding electronic load;
the voltage and current measuring switch control unit is used for sampling the current of the anode module;
the industrial personal computer monitors the power output state of the PPU in real time, judges the working stage of the ion thruster, controls the switch array to select to be connected into a power supply loop where the high-voltage floating electronic load or the grounding electronic load is located through the sampling value of the pressure and current measuring switch control unit, sets impedance parameters simulated by the high-voltage floating electronic load or the grounding electronic load, follows the output of the PPU, automatically simulates the working impedance of the thruster, and realizes the automatic following simulation process.
The industrial personal computer tests the relays in the switch array and calculates the resistance compensation of the power cables through the program-controlled high-voltage floating electronic load, the grounding electronic load and the pressure and current measuring switch control unit.
The invention also provides an automatic simulation method of the impedance characteristic of the ion thruster based on the electronic load, and the automatic simulation device comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting a test interface and a power input interface of an impedance characteristic automatic simulation device by using a power cable;
step 2, connecting the industrial personal computer and the communication concentrator by using a communication cable;
step 3, running a test program in the industrial personal computer, measuring the compensation resistance of the power cable A, executing the step after the test program passes, and if the test program does not pass, checking whether the power cable and the simulation device have faults or not until the test program passes;
step 4, the PPU is connected with an impedance characteristic automatic simulation device through a power cable;
and step (3) running an upper computer program in the industrial personal computer to enter a following state, and controlling the PPU to output power when the ion thruster works by using PPU software.
Wherein the PPU is arranged in the vacuum chamber or outside the vacuum chamber.
Has the advantages that:
the invention can automatically adjust the electronic load parameters according to the power supply output of the PPU (Power supply processing unit of the ion thruster) to the ion thruster, thereby realizing the automatic simulation of the impedance characteristic of the ion thruster during working. The electronic loads are connected according to the potential relation among the power supply modules in the PPU by selecting different types of adjustable electronic loads, finally, the voltage and current values in the power supply loop are judged by utilizing industrial personal computer software, the relay in the switch array is switched according to the judgment result, and the electronic load parameters are adjusted, so that the impedance characteristic of the ion thruster during working can be automatically simulated by passively following the power supply output of the PPU. The device can realize the impedance simulation of the steady-state working mode of the ion thruster, and can also simulate the transition state (ignition process and beam extraction process) and the fault state (sparking flashover discharge and arc extinction) of the thruster. Through utilizing the device to carry out the ion thruster substitution test of high authenticity, can realize low-cost, the high efficiency test to PPU and electric propulsion branch system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
The system comprises a high-voltage floating electronic load, a 2-grounding electronic load, a 3-physical isolation assembly, a 4-photoelectric conversion module, a 5-grounding end ignition counting module, a 6-high-voltage ignition counting module, a 7-PPU, an 8-switch array, a 9-pressure measuring and current measuring switch control unit, a 10-industrial personal computer and an 11-switchSignal hub, A1～A3-power cable, B4Test cable, C5～C8-a communication cable.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic simulation apparatus for the impedance characteristic of the ion thruster based on the electronic load of the present embodiment includes a high-voltage floating electronic load 1, a photoelectric conversion module 4, a high-voltage ignition counting module 6, a grounded electronic load 2, a physical isolation component 3, a ground terminal ignition counting module 5, a switch array 8, a voltage and current measuring switch control unit 9, and an industrial personal computer 10; through the communication concentrator 11 and the power cable A1～A3Test cable B4And a communication cable C5～C8The connection is made. Wherein the high voltage refers to a voltage above 1000V.
Wherein, the PPU7 provides power input for the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device according to the flow of controlling the ion thruster.
The physical isolation assembly 3 is used for physically isolating the high-voltage floating electronic load 1, the photoelectric conversion module 4 and the high-voltage ignition counting module 6, and the isolation transformer supplies power to prevent high voltage from leaking onto the shell to hurt people or influence the work of the electronic load; the components in the isolation area comprise a high-voltage floating electronic load 1, a photoelectric conversion module 4 and a high-voltage ignition counting module 6, wherein the photoelectric conversion module 4 is used for realizing program control communication isolation of the industrial personal computer 10 on the high-voltage floating electronic load 1 and protecting high voltage from leaking from the end of the communication cable to hurt people or electronic loads.
The grounding end ignition counting module 5 is connected with the grounding electronic load 2, and the high-voltage ignition counting module 6 is connected with the high-voltage floating electronic load 1;
the voltage and current measuring switch control unit 9 is used for sampling the current of the anode module;
the industrial personal computer 10 monitors the power output state of the PPU7 in real time, judges the working stage of the ion thruster, controls the switch array 8 to select to be connected to a power supply loop where the high-voltage floating electronic load 1 or the grounding electronic load 2 is located through the sampling value of the pressure measuring and current measuring switch control unit 9, sets the impedance parameter simulated by the high-voltage floating electronic load 1 or the grounding electronic load 2, automatically simulates the working impedance of the thruster along with the output of the PPU7, and realizes the automatic following simulation process.
The communication concentrator 11 is provided with a plurality of sets of electronic load control units and a plurality of U ports for communication control with the industrial personal computer 10. Carry out the waveform counting through the control program in the industrial computer 10 to the realization is to the pulse count of ignition power in PPU7, and then simulates the successful process of ignition of ion thruster, and concrete process is: the high-voltage pulse of the ignition power supply in the coupling PPU7 generates low voltage, the pressure measurement and current measurement switch control unit 9 samples the coupling voltage, and the waveform counting is carried out through a control program in the industrial personal computer 10, so that the pulse counting of the ignition power supply in the PPU7 is realized, and the ignition success process of the ion thruster is simulated.
The invention passes through the communication concentrator 11 and the communication cable C5～C8The program control of the high-voltage floating electronic load 1 and the grounding electronic load 2 is realized, and the continuous adjustment of the impedance is realized by using the high-voltage floating electronic load 1 and the grounding electronic load 2.
For the auto-follow simulation process: first access power cable A1When upper computer software of the industrial personal computer 10 controls the impedance characteristic simulation device to enter a simulation mode of the ignition process of the thruster, the grounding electronic load 2 and the floating electronic load 1 are set to be in corresponding resistance value modes, and the PPU7 passes through a power cable A according to the normal ignition process1And outputting the power to the impedance characteristic simulation device. Firstly, the heating power supply of the PPU7 neutralizer starts to output, the neutralizer touches the power supply and the ignition pulse starts to output after 2 minutes, the upper computer software controls the grounding end ignition counting module 5 to be connected, the grounding electronic load 2 is disconnected and used for protecting the neutralizer from being damaged by the high-voltage pulse, the ignition pulse counting of the PPU7 neutralizer starts to be carried out, after the counting value reaches a set value, the upper computer software controls the grounding electronic load 2 to be connected into an ignition loop, the resistance value of the electronic load is synchronously set and the grounding end ignition counting module 5 is cut off, the neutralizer touches the loop to generate current at the moment, the PPU7 judges that the neutralizer touches the ignition successfully, and the ignition pulse output is closed. Then PPU7 continuously controls cathode heating, touch and ignition pulseThe anode power supply module and the cathode power supply module start to output, and the upper computer software of the impedance characteristic simulation device similarly controls the high-voltage ignition counting module 6 and the high-voltage floating electronic load 1 to simulate the ignition process of the discharge chamber. And finally, the PPU7 continues to start acceleration and the output of the screen grid power supply module, the loading of the anode module current is started in a step mode, the upper computer software of the impedance characteristic simulation device controls the current set value of the grounding electronic load 2 corresponding to the screen grid current in a step mode according to the anode module current value obtained by the pressure measuring and current measuring switch control unit 9, and finally the processes of anode step loading and beam current step leading-out in the ignition process are achieved.
Further, with power cable A1The testing interface and the power input interface are connected, and the relay in the switch array 8 is tested and the power cable A is connected through the program-controlled high-voltage floating electronic load 1, the grounding electronic load 2 and the pressure-measuring current-measuring switch control unit 9 in the industrial personal computer 101～A3Thereby realizing the test of the analog system and the measurement of the compensation line resistance.
For the test procedure: disconnect power cable a first1Connecting a test cable of the impedance characteristic simulation device, and entering a test mode by using upper computer software of the industrial personal computer 10, wherein the upper computer software controls the switch array 8 to control the 24V array power supply unit to be alternately connected to the grounding electronic load 2 and the floating electronic load 1 on one hand, and sets the resistance value of the electronic load; on the other hand, the voltage and current acquisition of each path of electronic load is realized by controlling the voltage and current measuring switch control unit 9, and the equivalent resistance value is calculated and compared with the set resistance value of the electronic load to obtain a test result; meanwhile, the voltage and current of the electronic load are compared with the acquired voltage and current to calculate the power cable A2And A3The compensation resistance value of (1).
The invention also provides an automatic simulation method of the impedance characteristic of the ion thruster based on the electronic load, and the automatic simulation device comprises the following steps:
step 1, using a power cable A1And connecting the test interface and the power input interface of the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device.
Step 2, using a communication cable C8And an industrial personal computer 10 and a communication concentrator 11 are connected.
Step 3, running a test program in the industrial personal computer 10, measuring the compensation resistance of the power cable A1, executing step 4 after the test program passes, and if the test program does not pass, checking whether the power cable and the simulation device are in fault or not until the test program passes;
step 4, the PPU7 can be placed in a vacuum chamber or outside the vacuum chamber and is connected with an impedance characteristic automatic simulation device through a power cable A1.
And 5, operating an industrial personal computer program in the industrial personal computer 10 to enter a following state, controlling the PPU7 to output power when the ion thruster works by using PPU software, and enabling the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device to follow the output automatic adjustment system of the PPU7 to simulate the real working state of the ion thruster.
The invention overcomes the defects that the ion thruster simulator is built by a power resistor and is manually controlled in a single step, is built by a continuous adjustable electronic load, and can automatically adjust impedance parameters along with the output of a PPU (point-to-point unit) so as to simulate the real working characteristics of the thruster. The device has the functions of testing before testing and simulating the ignition and arc striking of the thruster through the ignition counting, can realize the impedance simulation of the steady-state working mode of the ion thruster, can also simulate the transition state (the ignition process and the beam extraction process) and the fault state (the ignition flashover discharge and the arc extinguishing) of the thruster, and can carry out the substitution test of the ion thruster with high authenticity.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种基于电子负载的离子推力器阻抗特性自动模拟装置，其特征在于，包括高压浮置电子负载(1)、光电转换模块(4)、高压点火计数模块(6)、接地电子负载(2)、物理隔离组件(3)、接地端点火计数模块(5)、开关阵列(8)、测压测流开关控制单元(9)以及工控机(10)；1. An electronic load-based ion thruster impedance characteristic automatic simulation device, characterized in that it comprises a high-voltage floating electronic load (1), a photoelectric conversion module (4), a high-voltage ignition counting module (6), a grounded electronic load (1). 2), a physical isolation component (3), a ground terminal ignition counting module (5), a switch array (8), a pressure measurement and current measurement switch control unit (9), and an industrial computer (10); 所述阻抗特性自动模拟装置的功率输入由PPU(7)按照控制离子推力器的流程提供；The power input of the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device is provided by the PPU (7) according to the process of controlling the ion thruster; 物理隔离组件(3)用于对高压浮置电子负载(1)、光电转换模块(4)以及高压点火计数模块(6)进行物理隔离；其中光电转换模块(4)用来实现工控机(10)对高压浮置电子负载(1)的程控通讯隔离；高压点火计数模块(6)连接高压浮置电子负载(1)，接地端点火计数模块(5)连接接地电子负载(2)；The physical isolation component (3) is used to physically isolate the high-voltage floating electronic load (1), the photoelectric conversion module (4) and the high-voltage ignition counting module (6); wherein the photoelectric conversion module (4) is used to realize the industrial computer (10). ) program-controlled communication isolation for the high-voltage floating electronic load (1); the high-voltage ignition counting module (6) is connected to the high-voltage floating electronic load (1), and the ground terminal ignition counting module (5) is connected to the grounding electronic load (2); 测压测流开关控制单元(9)用于对阳极模块电流进行采样；The pressure measurement and current measurement switch control unit (9) is used for sampling the anode module current; 工控机(10)实时监测PPU(7)的功率输出状态，判别离子推力器工作阶段，通过测压测流开关控制单元(9)的采样值控制开关阵列(8)选择接入高压浮置电子负载(1)或接地电子负载(2)所在的供电回路，并设定高压浮置电子负载(1)或接地电子负载(2)模拟的阻抗参数，跟随PPU(7)的输出，自动模拟推力器的工作阻抗，实现自动跟随模拟过程。The industrial computer (10) monitors the power output state of the PPU (7) in real time, discriminates the working stage of the ion thruster, and controls the switch array (8) to select access to the high-voltage floating electronic device through the sampling value of the pressure and current measurement switch control unit (9). The power supply circuit where the load (1) or the grounded electronic load (2) is located, and set the impedance parameters simulated by the high-voltage floating electronic load (1) or the grounded electronic load (2), follow the output of the PPU (7), and automatically simulate the thrust The working impedance of the device can automatically follow the simulation process. 2.如权利要求1所述的基于电子负载的离子推力器阻抗特性自动模拟装置，其特征在于，工控机(10)通过程控高压浮置电子负载(1)、接地电子负载(2)以及测压测流开关控制单元(9)，实现对开关阵列(8)中的继电器进行测试以及功率线缆的电阻补偿计算。2. The electronic load-based ion thruster impedance characteristic automatic simulation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the industrial computer (10) is connected to a process-controlled high-voltage floating electronic load (1), a grounded electronic load (2) and a measuring instrument. The pressure measuring current switch control unit (9) realizes the test of the relays in the switch array (8) and the calculation of the resistance compensation of the power cable. 3.一种基于电子负载的离子推力器阻抗特性自动模拟方法，采用如权利要求2所述的自动模拟装置，包括如下步骤：3. a kind of automatic simulation method of ion thruster impedance characteristic based on electronic load, adopts automatic simulation device as claimed in claim 2, comprises the steps: 步骤1，用功率线缆连接阻抗特性自动模拟装置的测试接口与功率输入接口；Step 1, connect the test interface and the power input interface of the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device with a power cable; 步骤2，用通讯线缆连接工控机(10)和通讯集线器(11)；Step 2, connecting the industrial computer (10) and the communication hub (11) with a communication cable; 步骤3，运行工控机(10)内的测试程序，测得功率线缆A1的补偿电阻，在测试程序通过之后执行步骤4，如测试程序未通过，则排查功率线缆及模拟装置是否故障，直至测试程序通过；Step 3, run the test program in the industrial computer ( 10 ), measure the compensation resistance of the power cable A1, and execute step 4 after the test program is passed. If the test program fails, check whether the power cable and the simulation device are faulty , until the test procedure is passed; 步骤4，PPU(7)通过功率线缆连接阻抗特性自动模拟装置；Step 4, the PPU (7) connects the impedance characteristic automatic simulation device through the power cable; 步骤5，运行工控机(10)内的上位机程序进入跟随状态，用PPU软件控制PPU(7)进行离子推力器工作时的功率输出。Step 5, run the host computer program in the industrial computer (10) to enter the following state, and use the PPU software to control the PPU (7) to perform power output when the ion thruster is working. 4.如权利要求3所述的基于电子负载的离子推力器阻抗特性自动模拟方法，其特征在于，所述PPU(7)置于真空舱内或舱外。4. The method for automatically simulating the impedance characteristics of an ion thruster based on an electronic load according to claim 3, wherein the PPU (7) is placed inside or outside the vacuum chamber.
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CN112684256A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-20 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Device and method for testing equivalent complex impedance of discharge chamber of ion thruster
CN112698135A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-23 上海卫星工程研究所 Detection system and method for satellite loading test of satellite power supply and distribution system
CN115684777A (en) * 2022-10-18 2023-02-03 兰州空间技术物理研究所 A joint test method for medium and high power ion thrusters
CN115753172A (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-03-07 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Method for monitoring unstable working state of ion thruster
CN115967065A (en) * 2022-11-21 2023-04-14 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Ion thruster beam scintillation protection device capable of being turned off quickly and synchronously
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