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CN111130079A - A three-stage current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range - Google Patents

A three-stage current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range Download PDF

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CN111130079A
CN111130079A CN202010133062.5A CN202010133062A CN111130079A CN 111130079 A CN111130079 A CN 111130079A CN 202010133062 A CN202010133062 A CN 202010133062A CN 111130079 A CN111130079 A CN 111130079A
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current
protection
frequency
power supply
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CN111130079B (en
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王晓波
王锌桐
张银奎
高伟
郭成英
于传
曾宪文
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State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Training Center of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Anhui Electrical Engineering Professional Technique College
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Training Center of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Anhui Electrical Engineering Professional Technique College
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/006—Calibration or setting of parameters

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Abstract

一种大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置及方法，涉及电流保护技术领域。由外加高频电源Es1、高通滤波器、刀闸QS1、QS2以及两组高频阻波器组成，两组高频阻波器分别置于A、B相一侧，外加高频电源Es1通过刀闸QS1接入两组高频阻波器之间且靠近A相一侧，高通滤波器通过刀闸QS2接入两组高频阻波器之间且靠近B相一侧。本发明的大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置及方法，通过动态阻抗值计算该网络中电流I段保护定值。即通过动态阻抗值可以整定出在不同短路故障类型下、不同运行方式时的电流I段保护的定值，在该动态定值下，大大增加了电流I段保护的保护范围、提高了保护的灵敏性。

Figure 202010133062

A three-stage current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range relate to the technical field of current protection. It consists of an external high-frequency power supply E s1 , a high-pass filter, a knife gate QS 1 , QS 2 and two sets of high-frequency wave chokes. E s1 is connected between the two sets of high-frequency wave chokes and close to the A-phase side through the knife gate QS 1 , and the high-pass filter is connected between the two sets of high-frequency chokes and the B-phase side through the knife gate QS 2 . The three-stage current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range of the present invention calculates the current I-stage protection setting value in the network through the dynamic impedance value. That is, the dynamic impedance value can be used to set the current I-stage protection under different short-circuit fault types and different operating modes. Under this dynamic setting, the protection range of the current I-stage protection is greatly increased and the protection is improved. Sensitivity.

Figure 202010133062

Description

Three-section type current protection current setting device and method with large protection range
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of current protection, in particular to a three-section type current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range.
Background
In a voltage network of 35kV or below, three-stage current protection consisting of non-time-limit current quick-break protection (current I stage protection), time-limit current quick-break protection (current II stage protection) and timed overcurrent protection (current III stage protection) is widely used as a protection scheme for interphase short circuit of a power transmission line.
The three-stage current protection is simple and reliable, and can meet the requirement of quickly removing faults under normal conditions, but the three-stage current protection also has the defect of being directly influenced by the connection mode of a power grid and the operation mode change of a power system, for example, a current setting value must be selected according to the maximum operation mode of the system, and the sensitivity must be verified by the minimum operation mode of the system, so that the three-stage current protection cannot meet the requirement of the sensitivity or the protection range.
In the network shown in fig. 1, the phase voltage of the power supply is EGMaximum equivalent impedance of Zs maxMinimum equivalent impedance of Zs minLine impedance per unit length of Z1Then, according to the conventional three-stage current protection calculation methodCurrent I section protection constant in the network
Figure BDA0002396328990000011
The calculation formula is shown as formula (1), wherein
Figure BDA0002396328990000012
The reliability coefficient of the current I section protection is usually 1.2-1.3.
Figure BDA0002396328990000013
Under the setting value, the calculation formula of the minimum protection range of the current I section protection is shown as the formula (2).
Figure BDA0002396328990000014
The protection range of the current I section protection is mainly influenced by factors such as the system operation mode, the fault type and the like. If the system mode of operation changes significantly (i.e. Z)s maxAnd Zs minWith a large difference in value), the protection range of the current I segment protection is small or even completely out.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a three-section type current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range, which can set the fixed value of current I section protection under different short-circuit fault types and different operation modes, greatly increase the protection range of the current I section protection under the dynamic fixed value, and improve the protection sensitivity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a three-stage current protection current setting device with large protection range is arranged in a system power supply ESAnd a high-frequency power supply E is additionally arranged on the power transmission line between the AB of the power transmission line consisting of the circuit breakerss1High pass filter, knife switch QS1、QS2And two groups of high-frequency wave-traps respectively arranged at A, B-phase sides and outsideApplying high frequency power supply Es1Through a knife switch QS1Connected between two high-frequency wave traps and near to phase A, and high-pass filter passing through knife switch QS2And the two high-frequency wave trappers are connected between the two groups of high-frequency wave trappers and close to one side of the phase B.
The system power supply ESHas a power supply phase voltage of EGFrequency f0Is 50HZ(ii) a The external high-frequency power supply Es1Has a power supply phase voltage of E1Frequency of f1And satisfy E1＜＜EGAnd f1＞＞f0. The high-pass filter is at frequency f1Time-parallel resonance at frequency f0High impedance is presented. The high-frequency wave trap is at frequency f0Presents a low impedance at high frequencies f1High impedance is presented. The knife switch QS1、QS2The opening and closing of the device are controlled by a microcomputer protection device.
The method for setting the current by using the device comprises the following steps:
in normal operation, the knife switch QS1、QS2All are in open state, when the system operation mode changes, the microcomputer protection device controls the knife switch QS2First closed, high frequency power supply Es1Putting the mixture into a system for operation; thereupon, the microcomputer protection device controls the knife switch QS1Closed due to the high-pass filter at frequency f1Is parallel resonant, corresponding to the manufacture of the high-frequency power supply ES1Is short-circuited at frequency f1High frequency short circuit current of
Figure BDA0002396328990000021
Collecting the current by a microcomputer protection device;
at the same time, high frequency short circuit current
Figure BDA0002396328990000022
The calculation can be performed using equation (5);
Figure BDA0002396328990000023
therefore, R and L can be calculated as shown in equations (6) and (7), respectively:
Figure BDA0002396328990000024
Figure BDA0002396328990000025
the microcomputer protection device can calculate that the resistance part of the system impedance is R and the reactance part is R under the operation mode at the time according to the values of R and L
Figure BDA0002396328990000026
Dynamic impedance value Z of the system at power frequencys is movedThe calculation can be performed by equation (8);
Figure BDA0002396328990000031
then through the dynamic impedance value Zs is movedCalculating the protection constant value of the current I section in the network
Figure BDA0002396328990000032
The calculation formula is shown as formula (4)
Figure BDA0002396328990000033
In the formula (4)
Figure BDA0002396328990000034
The reliability coefficient for current I section protection is usually 1.2-1.3
The fixed value of the current I section protection under different short-circuit fault types and in different operation modes can be set through the formula (4);
when the microcomputer protection device calculates the dynamic impedance value Zs is movedLater, the device sends out a tripping command to control the switch QS1And knife switch QS2Open and ready to close again the next time the system mode of operation changes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the three-section type current protection current setting device and the method with the large protection range calculate the protection constant value of the current I section in the network through the dynamic impedance value. The fixed value of the current I section protection under different short-circuit fault types and different operation modes can be set through the dynamic impedance value, the protection range of the current I section protection is greatly enlarged under the dynamic fixed value, and the protection sensitivity is improved.
In the knife switch QS1When closed, the high-pass filter is at power frequency f0It presents a high impedance when it is applied to the system power supply ESThe device is equivalent to normal operation and has no influence at all; when the microcomputer protection device controls the knife switch QS2And QS1Closed, high frequency power supply Es1Corresponding to the occurrence of a three-phase short-circuit fault with a short-circuit current of
Figure BDA0002396328990000035
But due to E1＜＜EGShort circuit current
Figure BDA0002396328990000036
The size is very small, and the damage to the power transmission line and the electrical equipment can not be caused.
Drawings
The three-stage current protection current setting device and method with a large protection range of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a transmission line network.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-stage current protection current setting device with a large protection range according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the microcomputer protection device and the knife switch.
Detailed Description
In view of the disadvantage of the prior art that the protection range of the protection of the current I section is very small or even completely not, the invention improves the following two aspects when the fixed value of the protection of the current I section is set.
First, for the line end short circuit current in equation (1), a fixed short circuit current I is not usedk maxInstead, three forms of three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit grounding and two-phase short circuit are distinguished, different short circuit current values are calculated by using different calculation formulas respectively, and three different protection fixed values are set, specifically as shown in formula (3).
Figure BDA0002396328990000041
When a short-circuit fault occurs in a line, various criteria can quickly judge which fault is. For example, A, B, C three-phase current is suddenly increased by many times, and it is judged that a three-phase short-circuit fault occurs in a line; according to the method, two-phase current in A, B, C three-phase current is increased by many times, the other phase current is basically unchanged, and obvious zero-sequence current exists in a system, so that the two-phase short-circuit ground fault in a circuit is judged; the method is characterized in that two-phase current in A, B, C three-phase current is increased by multiple times, the other phase current is basically unchanged, and zero-sequence current does not exist in a system, so that two-phase short-circuit fault in a circuit is judged.
When the microcomputer protection device judges which kind of short-circuit fault occurs in the line, the corresponding setting current value is called immediately, and the setting value is used as the protection setting value of the current I section protection under the short-circuit fault. After the method is used, the problem that the set current values are different due to different fault types to influence the protection area of the current I section can be solved.
Secondly, when the formula (1) is used for calculating the I-section protection setting value of the current, the used equivalent impedance of the power supply adopts the minimum impedance Zs minThe static impedance is adopted, in fact, when the circuit runs, the equivalent impedance of the power supply is a dynamically changed impedance value along with the change of the running mode, and if the sum Z of the equivalent impedance of the power supply and the impedance of the circuit when the short-circuit fault occurs can be dynamically measureds is movedThen equation (3) can be written as equation (4).
Figure BDA0002396328990000042
In order to dynamically measure the sum Z of the equivalent impedance of the power supply and the line impedance when short-circuit fault occurss is movedThe invention designs a three-section current protection current setting device, which is arranged in a system power supply E as shown in figure 2SAnd a high-frequency power supply E is additionally arranged on the power transmission line between the AB of the power transmission line consisting of the circuit breakerss1High pass filter, knife switch QS1、QS2And two high-frequency wave traps respectively arranged at A, B phase sides and externally provided with a high-frequency power supply Es1Through a knife switch QS1Connected between two high-frequency wave traps and near to phase A, and high-pass filter passing through knife switch QS2And the two high-frequency wave trappers are connected between the two groups of high-frequency wave trappers and close to one side of the phase B.
Wherein, the system power supply ES(element ① in the figure), the mains phase voltage is EGFrequency f0Is 50HZ. With the addition of a high-frequency power supply Es1(element ② in the figure), the mains phase voltage is E1Frequency of f1And satisfy E1＜＜EGAnd f1＞＞f0A high pass filter (element ③ in the figure) designed to be at frequency f1Time-parallel resonance at frequency f0Presenting a high impedance, high frequency wave trap (element ④ in the figure), designed to operate at a frequency f0Low impedance, convenient transmission of power frequency electric energy, high frequency f1High impedance is presented to make high frequency power supply Es1The generated high-frequency power is not transmitted to the circuit except the AB circuit, so that the high-frequency power is prevented from being lost and affecting the operation of other circuits.
In addition to wiring the conventional three-stage current microcomputer protection device, the microcomputer protection device needs to have the following wiring added, as shown in fig. 3. Controlling knife switch QS through microcomputer protection device1(element ⑤ in the figure), QS2(element ⑥ in the figure.) switch QS is operated at ordinary times1、QS2All are in open state, when the system operation mode changes, the microcomputer protection device controls the knife switch QS2First closed, high frequencyPower supply Es1Putting into the system for operation. Thereupon, the microcomputer protection device controls the knife switch QS1Closed due to the high-pass filter at frequency f1Is parallel resonant, corresponding to the manufacture of the high-frequency power supply ES1Is short-circuited at frequency f1High frequency short circuit current of
Figure BDA0002396328990000051
The current is collected by a microcomputer protection device.
At the same time, high frequency short circuit current
Figure BDA0002396328990000052
The calculation can be performed using equation (5).
Figure BDA0002396328990000053
Therefore, R and L can be calculated as shown in equations (6) and (7), respectively:
Figure BDA0002396328990000054
Figure BDA0002396328990000061
the microcomputer protection device can calculate that the resistance part of the system impedance is R and the reactance part is R under the operation mode at the time according to the values of R and L
Figure BDA0002396328990000062
Dynamic impedance value Z of the system at power frequencys is movedThe calculation can be performed by equation (8).
Figure BDA0002396328990000063
Finally, in combination with formula (4), the dynamic impedance value Z can be useds is movedCalculating the protection constant value of the current I section in the network
Figure BDA0002396328990000064
Namely, the fixed value of the current I section protection under different short-circuit fault types and different operation modes can be set through the formula (4), and under the dynamic fixed value, the protection range of the current I section protection is greatly enlarged, and the protection sensitivity is improved.
When the microcomputer protection device calculates the dynamic impedance value Zs is movedLater, the device sends out a tripping command to control the switch QS1And knife switch QS2Open and ready to close again the next time the system mode of operation changes.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the principles of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions of the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the claims set forth herein.

Claims (6)

1.一种大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置，其特征在于：设置在由系统电源ES以及断路器组成输电线路的AB之间的输电线路上，由外加高频电源Es1、高通滤波器、刀闸QS1、QS2以及两组高频阻波器组成，两组高频阻波器分别置于A、B相一侧，外加高频电源Es1通过刀闸QS1接入两组高频阻波器之间且靠近A相一侧，高通滤波器通过刀闸QS2接入两组高频阻波器之间且靠近B相一侧。1. a three-stage current protection current setting device of a large protection range, is characterized in that: be arranged on the transmission line between AB of the transmission line formed by the system power supply ES and the circuit breaker, by the external high-frequency power supply ES1 . , high-pass filter, knife gate QS 1 , QS 2 and two groups of high-frequency wave chokes, the two sets of high-frequency choke devices are placed on the A and B-phase sides respectively, and the high-frequency power supply E s1 passes through the knife gate QS 1 It is connected between the two sets of high-frequency wave chokes and is close to the A-phase side, and the high-pass filter is connected between the two sets of high-frequency chokes and close to the B-phase side through the knife switch QS 2 . 2.如权利要求1所述的大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置，其特征在于：2. The three-stage current protection current setting device with large protection range as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: 所述系统电源ES的电源相电压为EG，频率f0为50HZ；The power supply phase voltage of the system power supply ES is E G , and the frequency f 0 is 50 Hz ; 所述外加高频电源Es1的电源相电压为E1，频率为f1，且满足E1<<EG和f1>>f0。The power supply phase voltage of the external high-frequency power supply E s1 is E 1 , the frequency is f 1 , and satisfies E 1 <<E G and f 1 >>f 0 . 3.如权利要求2所述的大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置，其特征在于：3. The three-stage current protection current setting device with large protection range as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: 所述高通滤波器在频率f1时并联谐振，在频率f0时呈现高阻抗。The high-pass filter resonates in parallel at frequency f 1 and exhibits high impedance at frequency f 0 . 4.如权利要求3所述的大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置，其特征在于：4. The three-stage current protection current setting device with large protection range as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: 所述高频阻波器在频率f0时呈现低阻抗，在高频f1时呈现高阻抗。The high-frequency wave trap exhibits a low impedance at a frequency f 0 , and exhibits a high impedance at a high frequency f 1 . 5.如权利要求4所述的大保护范围的三段式电流保护电流整定装置，其特征在于：所述刀闸QS1、QS2通过微机保护装置控制其开闭。5 . The three-stage current protection current setting device with a large protection range as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the opening and closing of the knife switches QS 1 and QS 2 are controlled by a microcomputer protection device. 6 . 6.利用如权利要求5所述装置整定电流的方法，其特征在于：步骤如下：6. Utilize the method for device setting current as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: step is as follows: 平时运行时，刀闸QS1、QS2均为打开状态，当系统运行方式发生变化时，微机保护装置控制刀闸QS2先闭合，高频电源Es1投入到系统中运行；随即，微机保护装置控制刀闸QS1闭合，由于高通滤波器在频率f1时是并联谐振的，相当于是制造了高频电源ES1的三相短路，此时频率f1的高频短路电流为
Figure FDA0002396328980000011
将这个电流用微机保护装置进行采集；During normal operation, the knife gates QS 1 and QS 2 are both open. When the operating mode of the system changes, the microcomputer protection device controls the knife gate QS 2 to close first, and the high-frequency power supply E s1 is put into the system for operation; immediately, the microcomputer protection The device controls the knife switch QS1 to close. Since the high - pass filter is in parallel resonance at the frequency f1, it is equivalent to creating a three-phase short circuit of the high-frequency power supply E S1 . At this time, the high-frequency short-circuit current of the frequency f1 is:
Figure FDA0002396328980000011
Collect this current with a microcomputer protection device; 同时，高频短路电流
Figure FDA0002396328980000012
可以使用式(5)进行计算；At the same time, the high-frequency short-circuit current
Figure FDA0002396328980000012
Equation (5) can be used to calculate;
Figure FDA0002396328980000013
Figure FDA0002396328980000013
 因此，可以计算出R与L分别如式(6)与式(7)所示：Therefore, R and L can be calculated as shown in formula (6) and formula (7) respectively:
Figure FDA0002396328980000014
Figure FDA0002396328980000014
Figure FDA0002396328980000021
Figure FDA0002396328980000021
Figure FDA0002396328980000022
Figure FDA0002396328980000022
 微机保护装置根据以上R与L的数值，可以计算出在此时的运行方式下，系统阻抗的电阻部分为R，电抗部分为
Figure FDA0002396328980000023
则系统在工频下的动态阻抗值Zs动可以式(8)进行计算；According to the above values of R and L, the microcomputer protection device can calculate that the resistance part of the system impedance is R, and the reactance part is
Figure FDA0002396328980000023
Then the dynamic impedance value Z s of the system at the power frequency can be calculated by formula (8);
Figure FDA0002396328980000024
Figure FDA0002396328980000024
 然后通过动态阻抗值Zs动计算该网络中电流I段保护定值
Figure FDA0002396328980000025
计算式为式(4)所示Then, the current I-stage protection setting value in the network is calculated dynamically through the dynamic impedance value Z s
Figure FDA0002396328980000025
The calculation formula is shown in formula (4)
Figure FDA0002396328980000026
Figure FDA0002396328980000026
 式(4)中
Figure FDA0002396328980000027
为电流I段保护的可靠系数，通常取1.2～1.3In formula (4)
Figure FDA0002396328980000027
It is the reliability factor of current I section protection, usually 1.2~1.3 通过式(4)可以整定出在不同短路故障类型下、不同运行方式时的电流I段保护的定值；By formula (4), the fixed value of the current I-stage protection under different short-circuit fault types and different operating modes can be set; 当微机保护装置计算出动态阻抗值Zs动以后，装置发出跳闸命令，控制刀闸QS1和刀闸QS2打开，准备好下一次系统运行方式发生改变时再次闭合。When the microcomputer protection device calculates the dynamic impedance value Z s , the device sends a trip command to control the knife gate QS 1 and the knife gate QS 2 to open, ready to close again when the system operation mode is changed next time.
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