CN111138138B - 保温装饰一体板、保温板、外层装饰板及制备方法 - Google Patents
保温装饰一体板、保温板、外层装饰板及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138138B CN111138138B CN202010016509.0A CN202010016509A CN111138138B CN 111138138 B CN111138138 B CN 111138138B CN 202010016509 A CN202010016509 A CN 202010016509A CN 111138138 B CN111138138 B CN 111138138B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种保温装饰一体板、保温板及制备方法。该保温装饰一体板,包括复合在一起的保温板和外层装饰板。该保温板具有骨架结构以及分散包覆于骨架结构内的改性剂和无机胶凝材料;以重量份计,骨架结构为聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒6~10份,改性剂5‑20份,无机胶凝材料由至少以下组分混合制成:主料70~120份、小料10~25份、添加剂1~5份和水40‑50份。该外层装饰板,具有三层结构,分别为两层金属板材和位于两层金属板材之间的芯材;所述芯材由以下重量份的组分组成:醋酸乙烯‑乙烯共聚物乳液、防水丙烯酸乳液或改性丙烯酸乳液40‑80份,无机芯材回收料100‑300份,矿渣粉100‑300份,固化剂1‑6份,水20‑50份。本发明的材料兼具良好保温性能、耐水性能、并达到A2级防火效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温板技术领域,尤其是涉及一种建筑外墙用的保温装饰一体板、保温板、外层装饰板及制备方法。
背景技术
传统的外墙保温装饰或外层装饰墙面的做法,通常都在施工现场制作,先在建筑物外墙抹砂浆,然后贴上保温板,再抹砂浆,嵌入网格布,之后贴瓷砖或喷涂料形成外层装饰墙面。上述的传统施工工序繁琐复杂,效率低,周期长,成本高。
目前,市面上的保温装饰一体板通常包括装饰板(装饰层)和保温板(保温层)两层结构,其中,装饰层多改用硅钙板,保温层的保温材料一般采用岩棉、挤塑板、或聚苯板等材料,将硅钙板同保温层粘结后直接上墙。这种方式克服了传统工序的繁琐复杂的缺点,安装便捷。但是,硅钙板中的硅钙材料易吸水,时间一长会导致脱落、渗水、保温失效等问题;装饰层的表面涂层油漆也容易褪色,耐候性存在较大问题;内部保温材料采用岩棉、挤塑板、聚苯板等材料,岩棉虽然达到A级防火,但吸水率高,吸水后即失去保温作用,挤塑板、聚苯板等材料虽然保温性高,耐水性好,加工方便,但防火性能只能达到B级。针对这些问题,出现了采用无机胶凝材料包覆聚苯颗粒制成的保温板,防火性能达到A2级,但由于配比及工艺还不够成熟,很多市面上宣称的A2级聚苯保温板并不能达到真正的A2级,主要表现在均匀性不够,密度不均、热值不均、导热系数不均,导致产品品质极不稳定。
因此,本领域需要研发一种兼具良好保温性能、耐水性能、并真正达标,性能稳定的A2级防火效果的保温板和保温装饰一体板。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一,在于提供一种保温装饰一体板,其具有保温性能好、耐水性能好、并达到A2级防火效果的优点。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之二,在于提供一种兼具良好保温性能、耐水性能、并达到稳定的A2级防火效果的保温板,以克服传统保温材料不耐火、或易吸水、或保温效果差、稳定性差的缺陷。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之三,在于提供一种兼具强度高、隔热、A2级防火、防水和耐候性强、成本低廉的外层装饰板,以克服硅钙板强度差、易吸潮、耐候性差的缺陷。
为解决上述技术问题之一,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种保温装饰一体板,包括复合在一起的保温板和外层装饰板,其中,
所述保温板,有骨架结构以及分散包覆于骨架结构内的改性剂和无机胶凝材料;以重量份计,骨架结构为聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒6~10份,改性剂5-20份,无机胶凝材料由至少以下组分混合制成:主料70~120份、小料10~25份、添加剂1~5份和水40-50份;所述改性剂按重量比由表面活性剂1%-4%、可再分散乳胶粉30%-50%、水50%-70%组成;所述主料为水泥;所述小料由以下重量比的成分构成:矿渣粉30%-40%、粉煤灰30%-40%、硅灰10%-30%、减水剂1-5%;所述添加剂为有机硅防水剂;
所述外层装饰板,具有三层结构,分别为两层金属板材和位于两层金属板材之间的芯材;所述芯材由以下重量份的组分组成:醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液、防水丙烯酸乳液或改性丙烯酸乳液40-80份,无机芯材回收料100-300份,矿渣粉10 0-300份,固化剂1-6份,水20-50份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述保温板与外层装饰板通过胶水粘接。优选的,所述胶水为聚氨酯胶。
在一具体实施方式中,所述外层装饰板的边缘向同一侧弯折,将折边固定,制成盒状;所述保温板嵌入盒内;所述保温板与所述外层装饰板相接触的表面涂覆胶水。
在一具体实施方式中,所述保温板中,以重量份计,所述主料为80~90份,小料为18~22份,添加剂为2~4份,水为40-50份,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒为7~9份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述保温板中,以重量份计,所述主料为85份,小料为20份,添加剂为2份,水为45份,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒为7份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的材料为石墨聚苯乙烯。优选石墨聚苯乙烯,其导热系数更低,阻燃效果更好
在一具体实施方式中,所述表面活性剂为三乙醇胺。
在一具体实施方式中,所述可再分散乳胶粉为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的水溶性粉末。
在一具体实施方式中,所述外层装饰板的芯材的各组分的重量份为:醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液或防水丙烯酸乳液50-70份,无机芯材回收料150-250份,矿渣粉150-250份,固化剂2-5份,水30-40份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述外层装饰板的芯材的各组分的重量份为:醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液或防水丙烯酸乳液60份,无机芯材回收料200份,矿渣粉200份,固化剂3份,水30份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述固化剂为水性聚异氰酸酯交联剂。
在一具体实施方式中,所述两层金属板材与芯材通过热贴工艺复合到一起。
本发明提供了一种不燃装饰保温一体板,其中保温板采用热固胶凝聚苯材料,在兼具良好保温性能、耐水性能的同时,可以达到A2级防火效果,解决传统保温材料不耐火,或岩棉类材料强度低、易吸水等问题。外层装饰板,为一种A2级防火金属复合板,该材料为三明治结构,中间芯材起隔热防火作用,外面两层为金属片材,起装饰作用,通过热贴工艺复合到一起,同样也达到A2级防火,且兼具防水、耐候等性能,此外金属片材表面可采用PVDF涂层,具有极佳耐候性,可保证几十年不褪色,解决硅钙板吸潮褪色等问题。将内部保温板同外层装饰板结合到一起,在工厂预制成型,到施工现场可直接上墙安装,操作便捷,施工周期短,可大大降低安装成本。
为解决上述技术问题之二,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种保温板,具有骨架结构以及分散包覆于骨架结构内的改性剂和无机胶凝材料;以重量份计,骨架结构为聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒6~10份,改性剂5-20份,无机胶凝材料由至少以下组分混合制成:主料70~120份、小料10~25份、添加剂1~5份和水40-50份;
所述改性剂按重量比由表面活性剂1%-4%、可再分散乳胶粉30%-50%、水50%-70%组成;所述主料为水泥;所述小料由以下重量比的成分构成:矿渣粉30%-40%、粉煤灰30%-40%、硅灰10%-30%、减水剂1-5%;所述添加剂为有机硅防水剂。
优选的,以重量份计,所述主料为80~90份,小料为18~22份,添加剂为2~4份,水为40-50份,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒为7~9份。
优选的,以重量份计,所述主料为85份,小料为20份,添加剂为2份,水为45份,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒为7份。
具体的,所述聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的材料为石墨聚苯乙烯。优选石墨聚苯乙烯,其导热系数更低,阻燃效果更好。
具体的,所述表面活性剂为三乙醇胺。
具体的,所述水泥为硅酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥、或复合硅酸盐水泥。所述水泥的强度等级为52.5。优选的,所述水泥为硅酸盐水泥。
具体的,所述硅灰为二氧化硅微粉。可采用电炉回收二氧化硅微粉。优选的,所述硅灰中二氧化硅含量为90%以上。
具体的,所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂。减水剂是能减少拌合用水量的混凝土外加剂。
优选的,所述可再分散乳胶粉为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的水溶性粉末。
本发明提供的保温板中,各组分功能作用与传统方法的不同之处在于:
1、本发明的保温板的骨架结构以水泥为主料。水泥作为胶凝成分的主要构成,起到提供强度、均匀包覆聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒形成防火隔离的作用。
2、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒,主要起保温作用,同时还可调节保温板的密度保持在200kg/m3以内。
3、由于聚苯乙烯颗粒是一种非极性的憎水性材料,而水泥浆体属于极性无机亲水体系,两者之间不能轻易润湿,界面结合力弱,在搅拌过程中容易出现颗粒分层现象,不能很好分散。传统的制作方法通过加入可再分散乳胶粉来提高聚苯乙烯颗粒同无机胶凝材料的相容性,但胶粉加入过少,改善作用不明显,加入过多,成本增加同时影响A级防火性能。定量胶粉加入并不能起到将水泥完全包覆到聚苯颗粒上的效果,最终成品会出现很多包覆不完全的颗粒,直接导致A2级的热值检测不达标,以及造成密度不均,导致导热系数不稳定的问题。通过提前加入改性剂,选用三乙醇胺(考虑经济性及应用效果),同胶粉的协同作用,预先将颗粒表面润湿,提高了聚苯颗粒表面亲水性。后续搅拌过程中可在短时间内使聚苯颗粒迅速被水泥浆料润湿,起到完全的均匀的包覆效果,从而真正达到A2级防火标准,提高品质稳定性。同时减少了混合料的搅拌时间,有利于提高生产效率。
4、有机硅防水剂的加入,可降低整体制品的吸水率,保证吸水率指标在合理范围。
5、小料的加入,起到降低成本,同时改善水泥胶凝强度的作用。
为解决上述技术问题之三,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种外层装饰板,具有三层结构,分别为两层金属板材和位于两层金属板材之间的芯材;所述芯材至少由以下组分混合得到:
醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液(VAE乳液)、防水丙烯酸乳液或改性丙烯酸乳液40-80份,无机芯材回收料100-300份,矿渣粉100-300份,固化剂1-6份,水20-50份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述芯材由以下组分混合得到:醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液或防水丙烯酸乳液50-70份,无机芯材回收料150-250份,矿渣粉150-250份,固化剂2-5份,水30-40份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述芯材由以下组分混合得到:醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液或防水丙烯酸乳液60份,无机芯材回收料200份,矿渣粉200份,固化剂3份,水30份。
在一具体实施方式中,所述固化剂为水性聚异氰酸酯交联剂。
在一具体实施方式中,所述两层金属板材与所述芯材通过热贴工艺复合到一起。
在一具体实施方式中,至少一个金属板材的表面涂覆PVDF油漆。
本发明提供的外层装饰板由三个部分构成,中间为不燃的芯材,两面为金属面材,通过复合工艺制成板材。不同于传统的A级防火金属复合板,用于保温一体板的外层装饰板在达到A级防火的同时,必须考虑到成本低廉、且具备一定隔热保温性能。保温一体板在民用建筑应用较多,必须降低材料成本,才具备市场竞争力。常规的A级防火金属复合板售价较高,因此必须使用不同于传统复合板的制备方法,实现成本降低。
本发明提供的外层装饰板各组分功能作用与传统方法的不同之处在于:
1、使用矿渣粉作为填料替代传统制备方法的碳酸钙粉。高炉矿渣粉是炼钢过程中产生的废弃物,价格低廉且易于获取,而碳酸钙由矿石开采,属不可再生资源。将矿渣粉加入到现有体系中,符合绿色环保可持续发展的理念,在实现变废为宝的同时,还可降低成本。高炉矿渣粉同乳液相容性好,相对碳酸钙来说,具备较低的导热系数和更好的耐高温、隔热性能,以其制成的复合板,导热性能比普通复合板更低,更适合用在一体板上。
2、无机芯材回收料为制造A2级防火芯卷过程中产生的边角料及废料。通过破碎研磨后,其内部阻燃成分未发生改变,依然可以发挥阻燃作用,因此本体系中不用再额外添加阻燃剂。回收料内部存在的胶凝成分也可起到一定的辅助增强作用。按以上比例添加回料,乳液添加量可减少5%-10%。回料只有加工费用,成本也较低。通过这个方法,即解决了大量废料堆积无法处理的问题,又能大幅降低制造成本。
3、固化剂为水性聚异氰酸酯交联剂,加热状态下固化剂释放出异氰酸酯基团同水性乳液分子链上羟基、羧基等基团反应形成交联结构,提高成膜强度和耐水性能。固化剂的加入,可将乳液添加量减少10%-15%,但强度保持不变,从而进一步实现降本效果。
4、本配方在降低乳液添加量的同时,主料均由废料重新利用构成,因此总体成本可比传统A级防火金属复合板降低30%左右,导热系数较传统复合板降低50%。
本发明还提供上述保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步先配制改性剂,将表面活性剂、可再分散乳胶粉、水混合搅拌均匀制成改性液。
第二步将改性液喷洒在聚苯乙烯颗粒上,边喷洒边搅拌,使改性液均匀润湿每个颗粒表面
第三步按重量份取水泥、小料、有机硅防水剂,并加入适量水预先搅拌均匀得浆料
第四步将浆料再同润湿后的聚苯颗粒搅拌均匀,时间3-5分钟,得混合物(提前润湿后可使搅拌时间缩短)
第五步将混合物放入专用压制模箱中,均匀施压压制成型,10-12小时后脱模保养,得到均匀性一致的保温板。
本发明还提供上述外层装饰板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)按上述重量份取各组分混合,搅拌,得浆料;
2)将步骤1所得浆料通过挤出设备、支撑系统成型板材,再通过热风装置进行烘烤固化;
3)将步骤2所得固化后板材通过热贴装置复合两层金属板材,得外层装饰板。制得的外层装饰板可经修边裁切为不同尺寸的板材。
本发明还提供上述保温装饰一体板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将上述外层装饰板的边缘向同一侧弯折,将折边固定,制成盒装;
2)将上述保温板嵌入盒内;所述保温板与所述外层装饰板相接触的表面涂覆胶水。
在一具体实施方式中,所述外层装饰板为四方形,将四条边开槽并弯折,剪去四角,制成盒状。
在一具体实施方式中,盒子的四个角用L型铝合金角码进行连接,并用铆钉进行固定,使折边部位牢固定型。
在一具体实施方式中,所述胶水为聚氨酯胶。
在一具体实施方式中,所述折边侧面安装L型铝合金角码,使用铆钉将角码与外层装饰板连接固定。
在一具体实施方式中,步骤1中,折边宽度为20-35mm。
名词解释:
矿渣粉:是粒化高炉矿渣粉的简称,是一种工业固体废渣,可作为混凝土掺合料。通常由符合GB/T203标准的粒化高炉矿渣,经干燥、粉磨,达到相当细度且符合相当活性指数的粉体。可参考国家标准GBT-18046-2017《用于水泥、砂浆和混凝土中的粒化高炉矿渣粉》。
粉煤灰:是从煤燃烧后的烟气中收捕下来的细灰,粉煤灰是燃煤电厂排出的主要固体废物。我国火电厂粉煤灰的主要氧化物组成为:SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、TiO2等。可参考国家标准GBT-1596-2017《用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰》
有机硅防水剂:一种防水材料,用于喷涂(或涂刷)于建筑物表面后,可在其表面形成肉眼觉察不到的一层无色透明、抗紫外线的透气薄膜,当雨水吹打其上或遇潮湿空气时,水滴会自然流淌,阻止水分侵入,同时还可以将建筑物表面尘土冲刷干净,从而起到使内墙防潮、防霉、外墙洁净及防止风化等作用。有机硅防水剂具有两种性质分别是:水性和油性。
无机芯材回收料:为制造A2级防火芯卷过程中产生的边角料及废料。通过破碎研磨后,作为廉价填充料使用,同时起到阻燃作用。无机芯材回收料主要组分通常包括:丙烯酸乳液(或VAE乳液),碳酸钙,硅微粉,石英砂,玻璃纤维,氢氧化铝,氢氧化镁,二氧化硅。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一保温板的制备
A级热固胶凝聚苯保温板的制备方法,具体包含以下步骤:
1、按重量份称取水泥70~120份、小料10~25份(成分构成:矿渣粉30%-40%、粉煤灰30%-40%、硅灰10%-30%、减水剂1-5%)、有机硅防水剂1~5份,适量的水(40-50份),用分散机充分搅拌均匀,得浆料。
2、将步骤1所得的浆料同6~10份的聚苯乙烯颗粒、5-10份改性剂(表面活性剂1%-4%、可再分散乳胶粉30%-50%、水50%-70%)搅拌至均匀,搅拌时间约3-5分钟,得混合物。
3、将步骤2所得的混合物放入压制模具中压制成型。10-12小时后脱模保养。
4、保养成型的保温板切割为固定尺寸的板块备用。
实施例二聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒对保温性能的影响
基于实施例一的制备方法研究苯乙烯泡沫颗粒对保温性能的影响。当聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒小于6份时,保温板导热系数将超过0.05W/(m·K),材料密度也会超过200Kg/m3,但材料的A2防火指标热值较低。颗粒超过10份时,导热系数和密度都比较低,但热值会超过3.0MJ/kg,达不到A2级标准。
实施例三外层装饰板的制备
1、按重量份称取各组分,其中醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液、防水丙烯酸乳液或改性丙烯酸乳液40-80份,无机芯材回收料100-300份,高炉矿渣粉100-300份,固化剂1-6份,水20-50份,搅拌后制成浆料。
2、将浆料通过挤出设备、支撑系统成型。
3、通过热风装置进行烘烤固化。
4、通过热贴装置复合金属片材。
5、修边裁切为固定尺寸的板材。
其中,固化剂添加量通常为乳液质量份的4%-6%。添加量越多,芯材强度越好(以剥离强度为指标),但会增加成本。
实施例四保温装饰一体板的制备
1、将实施例三得到的外层装饰板四边开槽并弯折,剪去四角,制成盒装,折边宽度为20-35mm。
2、盒子四个角使用厚度为2mm的L型铝合金小角码进行连接,并用铆钉进行固定,使折边部位牢固定型。
3、通过涂胶机对实施例一制得的切成块状的保温板涂覆一层胶水。该胶水为聚氨酯胶。
4、将涂覆胶水的保温板放入盒状复合板内,通过胶水粘结组合到一起。
5、折边侧面安装L型铝合金大角码,厚度为2mm,同样使用铆钉将大角码同复合板连接固定。大角码另一端有直径10mm开孔,直接同墙体接触,用于固定可调节膨胀螺栓,将一体板锚固在墙体。
本发明所提供的保温装饰一体板,可运用于各种新建外墙外保温系统,各种旧房改造外墙外保温系统,具有防火等级高,保温性能好,耐候性、稳定性高,成本低廉,安装便捷等特点。
内部保温材料及外部装饰材料均达到国家GB8624-2012中的A2分级标准,解决了传统保温材料不防火的问题。除优秀的防火性能外,本产品的导热系数≤0.045W/(m·K),基本同聚苯板的低导热性能持平;其他各项指标,密度≤200Kg/m3,抗压强度≥0.2Mpa,吸水率≤8%,软化系数≥0.7,即使受到水分侵蚀,也不会影响强度和保温性能。
内部保温材料及外部装饰材料达到A2级,燃烧性能指标如下:
综上所述,上述各实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,皆应包含在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (15)
1.一种保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,包括复合在一起的保温板和外层装饰板,其中,
所述保温板,具有骨架结构以及分散包覆于骨架结构内的改性剂和无机胶凝材料;骨架结构为聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒,以重量份计,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒6~10份,改性剂5-20份,无机胶凝材料由以下组分混合制成:主料70~120份、小料10~25份、添加剂1~5份和水40-50份;所述改性剂按重量比由表面活性剂1%-4%、可再分散乳胶粉30%-50%、水50%-70%组成,所述改性剂各成分的重量比之和为100%,所述表面活性剂为三乙醇胺;所述主料为水泥;所述小料由以下重量比的成分组成:矿渣粉30%-40%、粉煤灰30%-40%、硅灰10%-30%、减水剂1%-5%,所述小料的各成分的重量比之和为100%;所述添加剂为有机硅防水剂;
所述保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步、将所述重量份的表面活性剂、可再分散乳胶粉、水混合搅拌均匀制成改性剂;
第二步、将第一步得到的改性剂喷洒在所述重量份的聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒上,边喷洒边搅拌,使改性剂均匀润湿每个颗粒表面;
第三步、按重量份取主料、小料、有机硅防水剂和水,预先搅拌均匀得浆料;
第四步、将第三步的浆料再与第二步润湿后的聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒搅拌均匀,时间3-5分钟,得混合物;
第五步、将第四步的混合物放入压制模箱中,均匀施压压制成型,10-12小时后脱模保养,得到均匀性一致的保温板;
所述外层装饰板,具有三层结构,分别为两层金属板材和位于两层金属板材之间的芯材;所述芯材由以下重量份的组分组成:乳液40-80份,无机芯材回收料100-300份,矿渣粉100-300份,固化剂1-6份,水20-50份,所述固化剂为水性聚异氰酸酯交联剂;所述乳液选自醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液、防水丙烯酸乳液;
所述外层装饰板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)按重量份取各组分混合,搅拌,得浆料;
2)将步骤1)所得浆料通过挤出设备、支撑系统成型板材,再通过热风装置进行烘烤固化;
3)将步骤2)所得固化后板材通过热帖装置复合两层金属板材,得外层装饰板。
2.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述保温板中,以重量份计,所述主料为80~90份,小料为18~22份,添加剂为2~4份,水为40-50份,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒为7~9份。
3.如权利要求2所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述保温板中,所述主料为85份,小料为20份,添加剂为2份,水为45份,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒为7份。
4.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的材料为石墨聚苯乙烯。
5.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述可再分散乳胶粉为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的水溶性粉末。
6.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,水泥为硅酸盐水泥,强度等级为52.5。
7.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述硅灰为含量90%以上的二氧化硅微粉。
8.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂。
9.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述外层装饰板中,芯材的各组分的重量份为:乳液50-70份,无机芯材回收料150-250份,矿渣粉150-250份,固化剂2-5份,水30-40份。
10.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述外层装饰板中,芯材的各组分的重量份为:乳液60份,无机芯材回收料200份,矿渣粉200份,固化剂3份,水30份。
11.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述保温板与外层装饰板通过胶水粘接;所述胶水为聚氨酯胶。
12.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板,其特征在于,所述外层装饰板的边缘向同一侧弯折,将折边固定,制成盒状;所述保温板嵌入盒内;所述保温板与所述外层装饰板相接触的表面涂覆胶水。
13.如权利要求1所述的保温装饰一体板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将所述外层装饰板的边缘向同一侧弯折,将折边固定,制成盒状;
2)将所述保温板嵌入盒内;所述保温板与所述外层装饰板相接触的表面涂覆胶水。
14.一种保温板,其特征在于,具有骨架结构以及分散包覆于骨架结构内的改性剂和无机胶凝材料;骨架结构为聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒,以重量份计,聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒6~10份,改性剂5-20份,无机胶凝材料由以下组分混合制成:主料70~120份、小料10~25份、添加剂1~5份和水40-50份;
所述改性剂按重量比由表面活性剂1%-4%、可再分散乳胶粉30%-50%、水50%-70%组成,所述改性剂各成分的重量比之和为100%,所述表面活性剂为三乙醇胺;所述主料为水泥;所述小料由以下重量比的成分组成:矿渣粉30%-40%、粉煤灰30%-40%、硅灰10%-30%、减水剂1-5%,所述小料各成分的重量比之和为100%;所述添加剂为有机硅防水剂;
所述保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步、将所述重量份的表面活性剂、可再分散乳胶粉、水混合搅拌均匀制成改性剂;
第二步、将第一步得到的改性剂喷洒在所述重量份的聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒上,边喷洒边搅拌,使改性剂均匀润湿每个颗粒表面;
第三步、按重量份取主料、小料、有机硅防水剂和水,预先搅拌均匀得浆料;
第四步、将第三步的浆料再与第二步润湿后的聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒搅拌均匀,时间3-5分钟,得混合物;
第五步、将第四步的混合物放入压制模箱中,均匀施压压制成型,10-12小时后脱模保养,得到均匀性一致的保温板。
15.一种外层装饰板,其特征在于,具有三层结构,分别为两层金属板材和位于两层金属板材之间的芯材;所述芯材由以下重量份的组分组成:
乳液40-80份,无机芯材回收料 100-300份,矿渣粉100-300份,固化剂1-6份,水20-50份,所述固化剂为水性聚异氰酸酯交联剂;所述乳液选自醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物乳液、防水丙烯酸乳液;
所述外层装饰板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)按重量份取各组分混合,搅拌,得浆料;
2)将步骤1)所得浆料通过挤出设备、支撑系统成型板材,再通过热风装置进行烘烤固化;
3)将步骤2)所得固化后板材通过热帖装置复合两层金属板材,得外层装饰板。
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