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CN111127563A - Joint calibration method, device, electronic device and storage medium - Google Patents

Joint calibration method, device, electronic device and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111127563A
CN111127563A CN201911308267.6A CN201911308267A CN111127563A CN 111127563 A CN111127563 A CN 111127563A CN 201911308267 A CN201911308267 A CN 201911308267A CN 111127563 A CN111127563 A CN 111127563A
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point cloud
image data
cloud data
camera
data
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马冰
王邓江
李娟娟
邓永强
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Beijing Wanji Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Wanji Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/80Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30204Marker
    • G06T2207/30208Marker matrix

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开提供的联合标定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质,通过获得激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行采集得到的点云数据和图像数据,其中,所述目标采集区域中设置有可用于标定的目标物,所述目标物包括有至少一个角点;分别在所述图像数据和所述点云数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标;根据同一角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标,计算以分别获得所述激光雷达和相机的外参;根据所述激光雷达和相机的外参对激光雷达和外参进行联合标定,从而不再利用标定板进行对激光雷达和相机的标定,而是利用激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域中的目标物进行采集得到的点云数据和图像数据直接进行标定,进而提高了标定的效率,简化了标定流程,利于对激光雷达和相机进行重复标定。

Figure 201911308267

The joint calibration method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided by the present disclosure are obtained by obtaining point cloud data and image data collected by a lidar and a camera for the same target collection area, wherein the target collection area is provided with a A calibrated target, the target includes at least one corner point; in the image data and the point cloud data, respectively, determine the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point; according to the same corner point The two-dimensional image coordinates and three-dimensional point cloud coordinates are calculated to obtain the external parameters of the lidar and the camera respectively; the lidar and the external parameters are jointly calibrated according to the external parameters of the lidar and the camera, so that the calibration is no longer used. The board is used to calibrate the lidar and camera, but the point cloud data and image data collected by the lidar and the camera for the target in the same target acquisition area are used for direct calibration, which improves the efficiency of the calibration and simplifies the calibration. This process facilitates repeated calibration of lidars and cameras.

Figure 201911308267

Description

Combined calibration method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the field of data, and in particular, to a joint calibration method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
With the development of intelligent transportation technology, basic traffic information is acquired through sensors, wherein the sensors for acquiring the basic traffic information are generally various, and include: sensors such as laser radar, camera, radar, and GPS. The advantages of various sensors can be exerted by fusing the collected information of the sensors, and the joint calibration of the sensors becomes an important problem in the process.
In the prior art, in order to calibrate different types of sensors, especially for the joint calibration of a laser radar and a camera, calibration plates are generally used to perform calibration operations respectively. Specifically, a black-and-white checkerboard-shaped plate type structure is arranged in a calibration scene, so that the laser radar and the camera realize combined calibration based on the calibration plate.
However, this method uses a calibration board, and the calibration process is cumbersome and has a large calibration workload.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration method, device, electronic device, and storage medium.
In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration method, including:
acquiring point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, wherein a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point;
determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively;
calculating to respectively obtain external parameters of the laser radar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point;
and carrying out combined calibration on the laser radar and the external parameters according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration apparatus, including:
the system comprises a data interface module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the data interface module is used for acquiring point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point;
the first processing module is used for determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively; the laser radar and the camera are respectively used for acquiring the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera through calculation according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point;
and the second processing module is used for carrying out combined calibration on the laser radar and the external parameters according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and memory;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the at least one processor executing the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory causes the at least one processor to perform the joint calibration method as in any one of the preceding claims.
In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the joint calibration method according to any one of the preceding claims.
According to the joint calibration method, the joint calibration device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium, point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area are acquired, wherein a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point; determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively; calculating to respectively obtain external parameters of the laser radar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point; the laser radar and the external parameters are jointly calibrated according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera, so that the laser radar and the camera are not calibrated by using a calibration plate, point cloud data and image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera aiming at a target object in the same target acquisition area are directly calibrated, the calibration efficiency is improved, the calibration process is simplified, and the repeated calibration of the laser radar and the camera is facilitated.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture upon which the present disclosure is based;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a joint calibration method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system involved in a joint calibration method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a calibration interface of a combined calibration method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a combined calibration apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
With the development of intelligent transportation technology, basic traffic information is acquired through sensors, wherein the sensors for acquiring the basic traffic information are generally various, and include: sensors such as laser radar, camera, radar, and GPS. The advantages of various sensors can be exerted by fusing the collected information of the sensors, and the joint calibration of the sensors becomes an important problem in the process.
In the prior art, in order to calibrate different types of sensors, especially for the joint calibration of a laser radar and a camera, calibration plates are generally used to perform calibration operations respectively. Specifically, a black-and-white checkerboard-shaped plate type structure is arranged in a calibration scene, so that the laser radar and the camera realize combined calibration based on the calibration plate.
However, this method uses a calibration board, and the calibration process is cumbersome and has a large calibration workload.
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture on which the present disclosure is based, and as shown in fig. 1, one network architecture on which the present disclosure is based may include a joint calibration apparatus 1, a laser radar 2, and a camera 3.
The joint calibration apparatus 1 is hardware or software that can interact with the laser radar 2 and the camera 3 through a network, and can be used to perform the joint calibration method described in the following embodiments.
When the combined calibration device 1 is hardware, it includes a cloud server with an operation function. When the joint calibration apparatus 1 is software, it can be installed in electronic devices with computing function, wherein the electronic devices include, but are not limited to, laptop portable computers, desktop computers, and the like.
In addition, the laser radar 2 and the camera 3 are information acquisition devices erected on the same vehicle or the same automatic driving device, and can be used for shooting or acquiring signals for the same target acquisition area, and sending corresponding data to the combined calibration device 1 for processing by performing communication connection with the combined calibration device 1.
It should be noted that, based on different application scenarios, the laser radar 2 and the camera 3 may also be erected on other devices, and in some cases, the joint calibration apparatus 1 may also be disposed on the same device as the laser radar 2 and the camera 3.
In a first aspect, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a combined calibration method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises the following steps:
step 101, point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area are acquired, wherein a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one corner point.
It should be noted that the execution subject of the joint calibration method provided by this embodiment is the aforementioned joint calibration apparatus.
Specifically, firstly, a laser radar and a camera can be installed and fixed on a monitoring upright pole or equipment, and the laser radar collects a target collection area to obtain laser radar data, namely point cloud data; acquiring a target acquisition area by a camera to obtain image data; image data of an area to be monitored is acquired by a camera.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the installation positions of the laser radar and the camera may be installed up and down, that is, the laser radar and the camera are stacked on the monitoring upright or the device.
In addition, in order to enable the laser radar and the camera to acquire data aiming at the same target acquisition area, when the camera and the laser radar are installed, the view angle of the laser radar is limited according to the view angle of the camera, so that the two cameras can acquire and obtain data aiming at the same target object which can be used for calibration in the target acquisition area.
Generally, the 0 degree direction of the laser radar needs to be overlapped with the optical axis direction of the camera, and if the horizontal angle of view of the camera is deviated from the optical axis by θ, the angle of view of the laser radar is limited to be deviated from σ in the optical axis direction, wherein σ may be slightly larger than θ.
The target object is any object which appears in the target acquisition area and can be used for calibration, has angular point characteristics, generally refers to a surface with obvious angular point information, such as a truck, a bus and the like which are perpendicular to the ground, and the included angle between the normal vector of the surface and the optical axis of the camera is less than 30 degrees. Wherein, the angular point refers to a point which belongs to two edges of the object on the object structure; the two edges should have different normal vectors. For example, automobiles and their corners; tricycle and its handle bar end, etc.
In addition, in an optional example, the point cloud data and the image data are acquired by the laser radar and the camera synchronously aiming at the same target acquisition area; therefore, point cloud data and image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera aiming at the same target acquisition area are acquired, and the following method can be specifically adopted: the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining original point cloud data and original image data which are obtained by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target collection area, carrying out time synchronization processing on the original point cloud data and the original image data, and determining the point cloud data and the image data which are obtained by collection at the same moment.
Further, the original point cloud data comprises at least one point cloud data and a timestamp of the laser radar when the laser radar collects the point cloud data; the raw image data includes at least one image data and a timestamp of when the camera acquired each image data. That is to say, in this embodiment, a difference between the time stamps of each point cloud data and each image data may be calculated, and the point cloud data and the image data whose difference is smaller than a preset threshold are used as the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time.
For example, respectively obtainTime stamps t1 and t2 accurate to ms are taken from the laser radar and the camera, and if the absolute value of the difference value of the time stamps corresponding to the two data is less than a certain set threshold value delta (usually set to be 10ms), namely | t |, the absolute value of the difference value is less than the threshold value delta1-t2|<δ, the two sets of laser radar data and image data are considered to be acquired at the same time.
And 102, respectively determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data.
Specifically, in the present example, the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point may be determined in the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time, respectively.
For the two-dimensional point cloud coordinates, the image data is processed by an angular point detection algorithm, specifically, an area with an obvious plane angular point needs to be selected, and then the two-dimensional image coordinates of the angular point are detected by the angular point detection algorithm. And intercepting a target area in the image and detecting corners in the two-dimensional image of the target object by using a corner detection algorithm based on image gray.
Meanwhile, for the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate, fitting by using a plane fitting algorithm of RANSAC and obtaining by calculation, specifically, firstly, fitting a plane of a target object by using a plane fitting algorithm, wherein a normal vector of the target object is parallel to the ground because the plane of the target object is vertical to the ground, searching a plane parallel to the normal vector of the ground in the fitted plane, namely the plane of the target object, and the plane of the target object forms the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate, then, calculating an included angle between the normal vector and an optical axis, and recording as η, and then, determining whether the plane where the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate is located is consistent with the plane where an angular point in a two-dimensional image coordinate is located according to the included angle between the normal vector of the plane of the target object and the optical axis.
And 103, calculating to respectively obtain external parameters of the laser radar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point.
Specifically, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system involved in a joint calibration method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure; and iteratively solving a solution with the minimum reprojection error by utilizing a PNP algorithm for a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate corresponding to each angular point to serve as external parameters of the laser radar and the camera, wherein the external parameters comprise a rotation matrix and a translation vector of a laser radar coordinate system and a camera coordinate system. Further, the following formula shows a specific solving formula:
Figure BDA0002323782150000061
wherein R represents a rotation matrix; t represents a translation matrix; u, v respectively represent image coordinates; x, y and z represent coordinates in the lidar coordinate system, respectively.
And step 104, carrying out combined calibration on the laser radar and the camera according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
Specifically, after external parameters of the laser radar and the camera are obtained, point cloud data of the laser radar are mapped into an image, an object and a marker with obvious edges are searched, and the edge alignment condition of the object and the marker is checked. If the point cloud edge and the image edge can be superposed, the calibration precision is high, and vice versa.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a calibration interface of the joint calibration method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, data and images acquired by the laser radar and the camera are jointly calibrated by using the computed external reference of the laser radar and the camera to obtain a result shown in fig. 3, and the external reference calibration result can be verified by using a reprojection image. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the method provided by the invention obtains better external reference of the laser radar and the camera.
The joint calibration method provided by the disclosure comprises the steps of acquiring point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, wherein a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point; determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively; calculating to respectively obtain external parameters of the laser radar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point; the laser radar and the external parameters are jointly calibrated according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera, so that the laser radar and the camera are not calibrated by using a calibration plate, point cloud data and image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera aiming at a target object in the same target acquisition area are directly calibrated, the calibration efficiency is improved, the calibration process is simplified, and the repeated calibration of the laser radar and the camera is facilitated.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a joint calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which corresponds to the joint calibration method according to the foregoing embodiment. For ease of illustration, only portions that are relevant to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Referring to fig. 5, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration apparatus, including:
the data interface module 10 is configured to obtain point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera for a same target acquisition area, where a target object for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object includes at least one corner point;
a first processing module 20, configured to determine a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data, respectively; the laser radar and the camera are respectively used for acquiring the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera through calculation according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point;
and the second processing module 30 is configured to perform joint calibration on the lidar and the external parameters according to the external parameters of the lidar and the camera.
In an optional example, the point cloud data and the image data are acquired by a laser radar and a camera synchronously aiming at the same target acquisition area;
the data interface module 10 is specifically configured to obtain original point cloud data and original image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera for the same target acquisition area, respectively;
the first processing module 20 is specifically configured to perform time synchronization processing on the original point cloud data and the original image data, and determine point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time; and respectively determining the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point in the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time.
In an optional example, the raw point cloud data comprises at least one point cloud data and a timestamp of the laser radar when the laser radar collects each point cloud data; the original image data comprises at least one image data and a time stamp of the camera when acquiring each image data;
the pair of first processing modules 20 is specifically configured to calculate a difference between time stamps of each point cloud data and each image data, and use the point cloud data and the image data whose difference is smaller than a preset threshold as point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time.
In an optional example, the first processing module 20 is specifically configured to: processing the point cloud data by using a plane fitting algorithm to determine a three-dimensional point cloud data plane of the target object, and determining a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each focus according to the three-dimensional point cloud data plane; and processing the image data by using an angular point detection algorithm of image gray to obtain a two-dimensional image coordinate of each angular point.
In an optional example, the first processing module 20 is specifically configured to: performing iterative operation processing on the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point by using a PNP algorithm to obtain a solution with the minimum projection error; and taking the solution with the minimum projection error as external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
The joint calibration device provided by the disclosure acquires point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, wherein a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point; determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively; calculating to respectively obtain external parameters of the laser radar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point; the laser radar and the external parameters are jointly calibrated according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera, so that the laser radar and the camera are not calibrated by using a calibration plate, point cloud data and image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera aiming at a target object in the same target acquisition area are directly calibrated, the calibration efficiency is improved, the calibration process is simplified, and the repeated calibration of the laser radar and the camera is facilitated.
The electronic device provided in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solutions of the above method embodiments, and the implementation principles and technical effects are similar, which are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic device 900 suitable for implementing an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, where the electronic device 900 may be a terminal device or a server. Among them, the terminal Device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a Digital broadcast receiver, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a tablet computer (PAD), a Portable Multimedia Player (PMP), a car terminal (e.g., car navigation terminal), etc., and a fixed terminal such as a Digital TV, a desktop computer, etc. The electronic device shown in fig. 6 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device 900 may include a processing means (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.) 901, which may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 902 or a program loaded from a storage means 908 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 903. In the RAM 903, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 900 are also stored. The processing apparatus 901, the ROM902, and the RAM 903 are connected to each other through a bus 904. An input/output (I/O) interface 905 is also connected to bus 904.
Generally, the following devices may be connected to the I/O interface 905: input devices 906 including, for example, a touch screen, touch pad, keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; an output device 907 including, for example, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, and the like; storage 908 including, for example, magnetic tape, hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 909. The communication device 909 may allow the electronic apparatus 900 to perform wireless or wired communication with other apparatuses to exchange data. While fig. 6 illustrates an electronic device 900 having various means, it is to be understood that not all illustrated means are required to be implemented or provided. More or fewer devices may alternatively be implemented or provided.
In particular, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method illustrated in the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication device 909, or installed from the storage device 908, or installed from the ROM 902. The computer program performs the above-described functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure when executed by the processing apparatus 901.
It should be noted that the computer readable medium in the present disclosure can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In contrast, in the present disclosure, a computer readable signal medium may comprise a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, either in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: electrical wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The computer readable medium may be embodied in the electronic device; or may exist separately without being assembled into the electronic device.
The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the methods shown in the above embodiments.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + +, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of Network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The units described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by software or hardware. Where the name of a unit does not in some cases constitute a limitation of the unit itself, for example, the first retrieving unit may also be described as a "unit for retrieving at least two internet protocol addresses".
The functions described herein above may be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include: field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), and the like.
In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The following are some embodiments of the disclosure.
In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration method, including:
acquiring point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, wherein a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point;
determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively;
calculating to respectively obtain external parameters of the laser radar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point;
and carrying out combined calibration on the laser radar and the external parameters according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
In an optional example, the point cloud data and the image data are acquired by a laser radar and a camera synchronously aiming at the same target acquisition area;
correspondingly, point cloud data and image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera aiming at the same target acquisition area are acquired, and the method comprises the following steps:
respectively obtaining original point cloud data and original image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, carrying out time synchronization processing on the original point cloud data and the original image data, and determining the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same moment;
correspondingly, respectively determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data;
and respectively determining the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point in the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time.
In an optional example, the raw point cloud data comprises at least one point cloud data and a timestamp of the laser radar when the laser radar collects each point cloud data; the original image data comprises at least one image data and a time stamp of the camera when acquiring each image data;
the time synchronization processing of the original point cloud data and the original image data to determine the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time comprises the following steps:
and calculating the difference value between the time stamps of the point cloud data and the image data, and taking the point cloud data and the image data with the difference value smaller than a preset threshold value as the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same moment.
In an alternative example, the determining two-dimensional image coordinates and three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data, respectively, includes:
processing the point cloud data by using a plane fitting algorithm to determine a three-dimensional point cloud data plane of the target object, and determining a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each focus according to the three-dimensional point cloud data plane;
and processing the image data by using an angular point detection algorithm of image gray to obtain a two-dimensional image coordinate of each angular point.
In an optional example, the calculating to obtain the external parameters of the lidar and the camera according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same corner point includes:
performing iterative operation processing on the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point by using a PNP algorithm to obtain a solution with the minimum projection error;
and taking the solution with the minimum projection error as external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a joint calibration apparatus, including:
the system comprises a data interface module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the data interface module is used for acquiring point cloud data and image data acquired by a laser radar and a camera aiming at the same target acquisition area, a target object which can be used for calibration is arranged in the target acquisition area, and the target object comprises at least one angular point;
the first processing module is used for determining a two-dimensional image coordinate and a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively; the laser radar and the camera are respectively used for acquiring the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera through calculation according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point;
and the second processing module is used for carrying out combined calibration on the laser radar and the external parameters according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
In an optional example, the point cloud data and the image data are acquired by a laser radar and a camera synchronously aiming at the same target acquisition area;
the data interface module is specifically used for respectively obtaining original point cloud data and original image data acquired by the laser radar and the camera aiming at the same target acquisition area;
the first processing module is specifically used for carrying out time synchronization processing on the original point cloud data and the original image data and determining point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time; and respectively determining the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point in the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time.
In an optional example, the raw point cloud data comprises at least one point cloud data and a timestamp of the laser radar when the laser radar collects each point cloud data; the original image data comprises at least one image data and a time stamp of the camera when acquiring each image data;
the pair of first processing modules is specifically used for calculating a difference value between the time stamps of each point cloud data and each image data, and the point cloud data and the image data with the difference value smaller than a preset threshold value are used as the point cloud data and the image data acquired at the same time.
In an optional example, the first processing module is specifically configured to: processing the point cloud data by using a plane fitting algorithm to determine a three-dimensional point cloud data plane of the target object, and determining a three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of each focus according to the three-dimensional point cloud data plane; and processing the image data by using an angular point detection algorithm of image gray to obtain a two-dimensional image coordinate of each angular point.
In an optional example, the first processing module is specifically configured to: performing iterative operation processing on the two-dimensional image coordinate and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same angular point by using a PNP algorithm to obtain a solution with the minimum projection error; and taking the solution with the minimum projection error as external parameters of the laser radar and the camera.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and memory;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the at least one processor executing the computer-executable instructions stored by the memory causes the at least one processor to perform the joint calibration method as in any one of the preceding claims.
In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the joint calibration method according to any one of the preceding claims.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the disclosure and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the features described above or their equivalents does not depart from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) the features disclosed in this disclosure having similar functions are replaced with each other to form the technical solution.
Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order. Under certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims (12)

1.一种联合标定方法,其特征在于,包括:1. a joint calibration method, is characterized in that, comprises: 获得激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行采集得到的点云数据和图像数据,其中,所述目标采集区域中设置有可用于标定的目标物,所述目标物包括有至少一个角点;Obtaining point cloud data and image data collected by the lidar and the camera for the same target collection area, wherein the target collection area is provided with a target object that can be used for calibration, and the target object includes at least one corner point; 分别在所述图像数据和所述点云数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标;In the image data and the point cloud data, respectively, determine the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point; 根据同一角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标,计算以分别获得所述激光雷达和相机的外参;According to the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of the same corner point, calculate to obtain the extrinsic parameters of the lidar and the camera respectively; 根据所述激光雷达和相机的外参对激光雷达和外参进行联合标定。The laser radar and the external parameters are jointly calibrated according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera. 2.根据权利要求1所述的联合标定方法,其特征在于,所述点云数据和图像数据是激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行同步采集获得的;2. The joint calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the point cloud data and the image data are obtained by the laser radar and the camera synchronously collecting for the same target collection area; 相应的,获得激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行采集得到的点云数据和图像数据,包括:Correspondingly, obtain the point cloud data and image data collected by the lidar and the camera for the same target collection area, including: 分别获得激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行采集得到的原始点云数据和原始图像数据,对所述原始点云数据和原始图像数据进行时间同步处理,确定在同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据;Obtain the original point cloud data and original image data collected by the lidar and the camera for the same target collection area, respectively, perform time synchronization processing on the original point cloud data and the original image data, and determine the point cloud data collected at the same time. and image data; 相应的,分别在所述图像数据和所述点云数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标;Correspondingly, in the image data and the point cloud data, respectively, determine the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point; 分别在同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标。The two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point are determined from the point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time. 3.根据权利要求2所述的联合标定方法,其特征在于,所述原始点云数据中包括有至少一个点云数据以及激光雷达在采集各点云数据时的时间戳;所述原始图像数据包括有至少一个图像数据以及相机在采集各图像数据时的时间戳;3. The joint calibration method according to claim 2, wherein the original point cloud data includes at least one point cloud data and a time stamp when the lidar collects each point cloud data; the original image data It includes at least one image data and a time stamp when the camera collects each image data; 所述对所述原始点云数据和原始图像数据进行时间同步处理,确定在同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据,包括:The time synchronization processing is performed on the original point cloud data and the original image data to determine the point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time, including: 计算各点云数据与各图像数据的时间戳之间的差值,将差值小于预设阈值的点云数据和图像数据作为同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据。Calculate the difference between the time stamps of each point cloud data and each image data, and use the point cloud data and image data whose difference value is less than a preset threshold as the point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time. 4.根据权利要求1所述的联合标定方法,其特征在于,所述分别在所述图像数据和所述点云数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标,包括:4. The joint calibration method according to claim 1, wherein, in the image data and the point cloud data, respectively, the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point are determined, including : 利用平面拟合算法对所述点云数据进行处理,以确定所述目标物的三维点云数据平面,并根据所述三维点云数据平面确定每个焦点的三维点云坐标;Use a plane fitting algorithm to process the point cloud data to determine the three-dimensional point cloud data plane of the target object, and determine the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each focus according to the three-dimensional point cloud data plane; 利用图像灰度的角点检测算法对所述图像数据进行处理,获得每个角点的二维图像坐标。The image data is processed using a corner point detection algorithm of image grayscale to obtain the two-dimensional image coordinates of each corner point. 5.根据权利要求1所述的联合标定方法,其特征在于,所述根据同一角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标,计算以分别获得所述激光雷达和相机的外参,包括:5. joint calibration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described according to the two-dimensional image coordinate and three-dimensional point cloud coordinate of the same corner point, calculate to obtain the external parameters of described lidar and camera respectively, comprising: 利用PNP算法对同一角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标进行迭代运算处理,获得投影误差最小的解;The PNP algorithm is used to iteratively process the two-dimensional image coordinates and three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of the same corner point, and obtain the solution with the smallest projection error; 将所述投影误差最小的解作为所述激光雷达和所述相机的外参。The solution with the smallest projection error is used as the external parameter of the lidar and the camera. 6.一种联合标定装置,其特征在于,包括:6. A joint calibration device, characterized in that, comprising: 数据接口模块,用于获得激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行采集得到的点云数据和图像数据,其中,所述目标采集区域中设置有可用于标定的目标物,所述目标物包括有至少一个角点;The data interface module is used to obtain point cloud data and image data collected by the lidar and the camera for the same target collection area, wherein the target collection area is provided with a target object that can be used for calibration, and the target object includes at least one corner point; 第一处理模块,用于分别在所述图像数据和所述点云数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标;还用于根据同一角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标,计算以分别获得所述激光雷达和相机的外参;The first processing module is used to determine the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each corner point in the image data and the point cloud data respectively; 3D point cloud coordinates, calculated to obtain the extrinsic parameters of the lidar and camera respectively; 第二处理模块,用于根据所述激光雷达和相机的外参对激光雷达和外参进行联合标定。The second processing module is used for jointly calibrating the laser radar and the external parameters according to the external parameters of the laser radar and the camera. 7.根据权利要求6所述的联合标定装置,其特征在于,所述点云数据和图像数据是激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行同步采集获得的;7 . The joint calibration device according to claim 6 , wherein the point cloud data and the image data are obtained by synchronous acquisition of the same target acquisition area by a laser radar and a camera; 7 . 数据接口模块,具体用于分别获得激光雷达和相机针对同一目标采集区域进行采集得到的原始点云数据和原始图像数据;The data interface module is specifically used to obtain the original point cloud data and original image data collected by the lidar and the camera for the same target collection area respectively; 第一处理模块,具体用于对所述原始点云数据和原始图像数据进行时间同步处理,确定在同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据;分别在同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据中,确定每个角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标。The first processing module is specifically configured to perform time synchronization processing on the original point cloud data and the original image data, and determine the point cloud data and image data acquired at the same time; the point cloud data and images acquired at the same time respectively In the data, the 2D image coordinates and 3D point cloud coordinates of each corner point are determined. 8.根据权利要求7所述的联合标定装置,其特征在于,所述原始点云数据中包括有至少一个点云数据以及激光雷达在采集各点云数据时的时间戳;所述原始图像数据包括有至少一个图像数据以及相机在采集各图像数据时的时间戳;8 . The joint calibration device according to claim 7 , wherein the original point cloud data includes at least one point cloud data and a time stamp when the lidar collects each point cloud data; the original image data It includes at least one image data and a time stamp when the camera collects each image data; 所述对第一处理模块,具体用于计算各点云数据与各图像数据的时间戳之间的差值,将差值小于预设阈值的点云数据和图像数据作为同一时刻采集获得的点云数据和图像数据。The first processing module is specifically used to calculate the difference between the time stamps of each point cloud data and each image data, and use the point cloud data and the image data whose difference value is less than a preset threshold as the points collected at the same time. Cloud data and image data. 9.根据权利要求6所述的联合标定装置,其特征在于,所述第一处理模块,具体用于:利用平面拟合算法对所述点云数据进行处理,以确定所述目标物的三维点云数据平面,并根据所述三维点云数据平面确定每个焦点的三维点云坐标;利用图像灰度的角点检测算法对所述图像数据进行处理,获得每个角点的二维图像坐标。9 . The joint calibration device according to claim 6 , wherein the first processing module is specifically configured to: use a plane fitting algorithm to process the point cloud data to determine the three-dimensional shape of the target object. 10 . point cloud data plane, and determine the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of each focus according to the three-dimensional point cloud data plane; use the image grayscale corner detection algorithm to process the image data to obtain a two-dimensional image of each corner point coordinate. 10.根据权利要求6所述的联合标定装置,其特征在于,所述第一处理模块,具体用于:利用PNP算法对同一角点的二维图像坐标和三维点云坐标进行迭代运算处理,获得投影误差最小的解;将所述投影误差最小的解作为所述激光雷达和所述相机的外参。10. The joint calibration device according to claim 6, wherein the first processing module is specifically used for: using the PNP algorithm to perform iterative operation processing on the two-dimensional image coordinates and the three-dimensional point cloud coordinates of the same corner point, Obtain the solution with the smallest projection error; use the solution with the smallest projection error as the external parameter of the lidar and the camera. 11.一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括:至少一个处理器和存储器;11. An electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and a memory; 所述存储器存储计算机执行指令;the memory stores computer-executable instructions; 所述至少一个处理器执行所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令,使得所述至少一个处理器执行如权利要求1-5任一项所述的联合标定方法。The at least one processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the at least one processor executes the joint calibration method of any one of claims 1-5. 12.一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机执行指令,当处理器执行所述计算机执行指令时,实现如权利要求1-5任一项所述的联合标定方法。12. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 are implemented. The joint calibration method described above.
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