CN111117569A

CN111117569A - Application method of dust suppressant

Info

Publication number: CN111117569A
Application number: CN201911353289.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐连生; 许灏; 高江; 孙健; 赵虹; 崔兆杰; 崔媚华; 杜冰峰
Original assignee: Angang Group Mining Co Ltd
Current assignee: Angang Group Mining Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-25
Also published as: CN111117569B

Abstract

本发明的目的是针对于现有抑尘剂应用方法存在的问题，提供了一种抑尘剂的应用方法。该应用方法为：1)将抑尘剂用水稀释；2)使用洒水车在路面喷洒清水；3)在道路上喷洒抑尘剂稀释液；4)对道路周边裸露地表喷洒抑尘剂稀释液。本发明使用的抑尘剂为水溶性粘结型抑尘剂，在路面提前喷洒一层清水后再进行抑尘剂的喷洒，一方面能够有效浸润粉尘提高抑尘剂的使用效果；另一方面抑尘剂分子中的亲水基能够有效和已经润湿的粉尘结合，大大提高抑尘剂浸润粉尘的速度，减少抑尘剂的流失并且抑尘的持续时间明显增强。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an application method of a dust suppressant in view of the problems existing in the existing dust suppressant application methods. The application method is: 1) dilute the dust suppressant with water; 2) use a sprinkler to spray clear water on the road surface; 3) spray the dust suppressant diluent on the road; 4) spray the dust suppressant diluent on the bare surface around the road. The dust suppressant used in the present invention is a water-soluble adhesive type dust suppressant. On the road surface, a layer of clear water is sprayed in advance and then the dust suppressant is sprayed. On the one hand, the dust can be effectively infiltrated to improve the use effect of the dust suppressant; The hydrophilic group in the dust suppressant molecule can effectively combine with the dust that has been wetted, which greatly improves the speed of the dust suppressant infiltrating the dust, reduces the loss of the dust suppressant and the duration of the dust suppression is significantly enhanced.

Description

Application method of dust suppressant

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of road dust control, and particularly relates to an application method of a dust suppressant for an open mine road.

Background

According to investigation, in the automobile transportation operation of strip mines in China, the automobile dust production intensity is the first of all strip mining operations, the automobile dust production intensity is the largest dust pollution source of the strip mines, and the dust emission amount accounts for 70% -90% of the total dust production amount of the whole mine. Dust is more easily generated due to rolling compaction of a heavy truck in the mine ore transportation process.

In the using process of the surface mine pavement dust suppressant, as most of the dust suppressant has certain viscosity compared with clear water, the dust suppressant is easy to run off in the using process, and the lost dust suppressant is accumulated together, so that the friction force of dust in an accumulation area can be greatly reduced. For a mining area transportation road, most vehicles are dozens of tons of large trucks, the potential safety hazard in the transportation process of the vehicles can be greatly increased due to the reduction of local friction of the road, and the occurrence of traffic accidents is increased, so that the dust suppressant needs to be reduced as much as possible in the use process.

The currently developed dust suppressant patents are all focused on the research, development and preparation of the formula. Chinese patent CN108192569B discloses a dust suppressant, a preparation method, a use method and application thereof, relating to the environmental protection field of dust control. The invention focuses on the preferable proportion and preparation mode of each component of the dust suppressant, and does not relate to the operation method of the dust suppressant during specific use and the use amount of the dust suppressant during application.

Therefore, there is a need for research on methods of applying dust suppressants.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of the application method of the existing dust suppressant and provides an application method of the dust suppressant. The dust suppressant used in the invention is a water-soluble bonding type dust suppressant, and the dust suppressant is sprayed after a layer of clear water is sprayed on the road surface in advance, so that on one hand, dust can be effectively infiltrated and the use effect of the dust suppressant is improved; on the other hand, hydrophilic groups in the dust suppressant molecules can be effectively combined with the wetted dust, so that the dust suppressant infiltration speed is greatly increased, the loss of the dust suppressant is reduced, and the dust suppression duration is obviously prolonged.

An application method of a dust suppressant comprises the following steps:

1) diluting the dust suppressant by 2-10 times by weight with water to obtain dust suppressant diluent;

2) spraying 0.1-0.8L/m on the road surface²The pavement is fully soaked by the clean water;

3) spraying dust suppressant diluent on a road, wherein the spraying amount of the dust suppressant diluent is 0.7-1.5L/m²；

4) Spraying dust suppressant diluent to the exposed ground surface around the road, wherein the spraying amount is 1-2.5L/m²。

In the method, a spraying vehicle is adopted to spray clear water in the step 2), and the speed of the spraying vehicle is 5-15 km/h.

In the method, a spraying vehicle is adopted to spray the dust suppressant diluent in the step 3), and the spraying speed is 4-10 km/h.

In the method, the dust suppressant comprises the following raw materials in percentage: 0.1-1% of humectant, 2-5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-9% of binder, 1-5% of surfactant and the balance of water.

In the method, the preparation method of the dust suppressant comprises the following steps:

1) preparing raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio of the raw materials, dividing water into A, B parts, heating the A part to 70-80 ℃, and heating the B part to 40-50 ℃, wherein the A: the mass ratio of B is 1: 1.5-2;

2) adding a surfactant into the part A for dissolving, adding a binder after uniformly stirring, and stirring at 50-100 rpm/min for 30-50 min to obtain an aqueous solution a;

3) adding polyvinyl alcohol into the part B, uniformly stirring, adding a humectant, and stirring at 50-100 rpm/min for 15-30 min to obtain an aqueous solution B;

4) and mixing the aqueous solution a and the aqueous solution b, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain a finished product.

In the method, the humectant is one or more of dodecanol, lauroyl monoethanolamine polyoxyethylene ether and sorbitol.

In the above method, the binder is one or more of xanthan gum, gum tragacanth, locust bean gum, gum arabic and guar gum.

In the above method, the surfactant is one or more of tetradecyl dihydroxyethyl amine oxide, lauramidopropyl amine oxide, lauryl amphoteric imidazoline, and lauramidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

In the method, the viscosity of the dust suppressant is 15-600 mPa · s.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the dust suppressant used in the invention is water-soluble, and is sprayed after a layer of clear water is sprayed on the road surface in advance, so that on one hand, the dust can be effectively infiltrated, and the use effect of the dust suppressant is improved; on the other hand, hydrophilic groups in the dust suppressant molecules can be effectively combined with the wetted dust, so that the dust suppressant infiltration speed is greatly increased, the loss of the dust suppressant is reduced, and the dust suppression duration is obviously prolonged.

2. The invention selects the amphoteric surfactant to improve the wetting ability of the dust suppressant, and compared with the commonly used anionic surfactant, the amphoteric surfactant has better wetting property and biodegradability, but has different characteristics due to the fluctuation of pH value. The binder used in the invention is a natural binder, the biodegradable characteristic of the binder is ensured, the pH value of the dust suppressant aqueous solution is weakly acidic, and the amphoteric surfactant is higher than the isoelectric point of the amphoteric surfactant, so that the wetting characteristic of the surfactant can be ensured to be improved. Meanwhile, the polyvinyl alcohol is used as a film forming agent, the polyalcohol is used as a humectant, the surfactant molecules can be adsorbed, the number of free surfactant molecules in the solution can be reduced, the formation of micelles is promoted, and the infiltration effect is improved. In conclusion, the wetting capacity of the dust suppressant can be improved to the greatest extent while the viscosity of the dust suppressant is ensured, the using effect of the dust suppressant is improved, and the loss of the dust suppressant is reduced.

Detailed Description

The dust suppressant employed in the following examples consists of the following components by weight:

humectant (dodecanol, purity more than or equal to 99%): 1 percent of

Polyvinyl alcohol (model 1788): 2 percent of

Binder (xanthan gum, purity > 90%): 0.5 percent

Surfactant (tetradecyl dihydroxyethyl amine oxide, purity not less than 90%): 2.5 percent

Water: 94 percent;

the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dividing water into A, B parts, heating part A to 70 deg.C, and part B to 40 deg.C, wherein part A is 376g and part B is 564 g; (2) sequentially adding 25g of tetradecyl dihydroxyethyl amine oxide and 5g of xanthan gum into the A for dissolving, and stirring at 50rpm/min for 50min to obtain an aqueous solution a; (3) adding 20g of polyvinyl alcohol into the part B, uniformly mixing, adding 10g of dodecanol, and stirring at 50rpm/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution B; (4) and mixing the a and the b to obtain a finished product.

Example 1

An application method of a dust suppressant comprises the following steps:

1) diluting the bonding type dust suppressant by 4 times by weight with water to obtain a dust suppressant diluent;

2) spraying 0.3L/m on the road surface by using a watering cart²The speed of the sprinkler is 10km/h, and the pavement is fully soaked;

3) spraying dust suppressant on road by using a sprinkler with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount of the dust suppressant is 0.8L/m²The spraying speed is 7 km/h;

4) spraying dust suppressant on the exposed ground surface of the road periphery by using a sprinkling truck fog gun device filled with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount is 2.5L/m²。

Comparative example 1

The application method of the dust suppressant is the same as that of the example 1, except that no clear water is sprayed on the road surface.

Example 2

An application method of a dust suppressant comprises the following steps:

1) diluting the bonding type dust suppressant by 10 times by weight with water to obtain a dust suppressant diluent;

2) spraying 0.7L/m on the road surface by using a water spraying vehicle²The speed of the sprinkler is 10km/h, and the road surface is filled with waterSeparately soaking;

3) spraying dust suppressant on road by using a sprinkler with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount of the dust suppressant is 0.7L/m²The spraying speed is 7 km/h;

4) spraying dust suppressant on the exposed ground surface of the road periphery by using a sprinkling truck fog gun device filled with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount is 2.0L/m²。

Comparative example 2

The beneficial effect of the dust suppressants of the present invention was demonstrated by monitoring the TSP concentration before and after spraying the dust suppressants of examples 1 and 2 and comparative examples 1 and 2 in accordance with the national Standard for particulate measurement GB/T15432-1995 gravimetric method of determination of Total suspended particulate matter in ambient air.

TABLE 1 dust suppression Retention time of dust suppressant

Examples	Dust suppression effect maintenance time
		Example 1	The time for maintaining the TSP dust suppression efficiency to be more than 50 percent is 81h
Comparative example 1	The time for maintaining the TSP dust suppression efficiency to be more than 50 percent is 48h
		Example 2	The time for maintaining the TSP dust suppression efficiency to be more than 40 percent is 51h
Comparative example 2	The TSP dust suppression efficiency is maintained at 40 percentHas a time of 35h

Example 3

An application method of a dust suppressant comprises the following steps:

1) diluting the bonding type dust suppressant by 2 times by weight with water to obtain a dust suppressant diluent;

2) spraying 0.1L/m on the road surface by using a watering cart²The speed of the sprinkler is 15km/h, and the pavement is fully soaked;

3) spraying dust suppressant on road by using a sprinkler with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount of the dust suppressant is 1.0L/m²The spraying speed is 10 km/h;

4) spraying dust suppressant on the exposed ground surface of the road periphery by using a sprinkling truck fog gun device filled with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount is 1.0L/m²。

Example 4

An application method of a dust suppressant comprises the following steps:

2) spraying 0.8L/m on the road surface by using a watering cart²The speed of the sprinkler is 5km/h, and the pavement is fully soaked;

3) spraying dust suppressant on road by using a sprinkler with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount of the dust suppressant is 1.5L/m²The spraying speed is 4 km/h;

4) spraying dust suppressant on the exposed ground surface of the road periphery by using a sprinkling truck fog gun device filled with dust suppressant diluent, wherein the spraying amount is 1.5L/m²。

Claims

1. an application method of dust suppressant, is characterized in that, carry out according to the following steps:

1) Dilute the dust suppressant with water by 2 to 10 times by weight to obtain the dust suppressant dilution;

2) Spray 0.1-0.8L/m ² of clear water on the road surface to fully infiltrate the road surface;

3) Spray the dust suppressant diluent on the road, and the spray amount of the dust suppressant diluent is 0.7-1.5L/m ² ;

4) Spray the dust suppressant diluent on the bare surface around the road, and the spraying amount is 1-2.5L/m ² .

2. application method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2), adopts spraying vehicle to spray clear water, and the speed of watering vehicle is 5～15km/h.

3. application method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 3), adopts spraying vehicle to spray dust suppressant dilution, and spraying vehicle speed is 4～10km/h.

4. The application method according to claim 1, wherein the percentage content of each raw material of the dust suppressant is: 0.1-1% of moisturizing agent, 2-5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-9% of binder %, surfactant 1-5%, water balance.

5. application method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the preparation method of described dust suppressant is:

1) Prepare the raw materials according to the mass fraction ratio of each raw material, divide the water into two parts A and B, part A is heated to 70～80°C, and part B is heated to 40～50°C, wherein the mass ratio of A:B is 1: 1.5～2;

2) Add the surfactant to the part A to dissolve, stir evenly, add the binder, and stir at 50 to 100 rpm/min for 30 to 50 min to obtain an aqueous solution a;

3) put polyvinyl alcohol into part B, add a moisturizing agent after stirring, and stir at 50～100rpm/min for 15～30min to obtain aqueous solution b;

4) Mix the aqueous solution a and the aqueous solution b, and cool to normal temperature to obtain the finished product.

6. application method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described moisturizing agent is one or more in dodecanol, lauroyl monoethanolamine polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitol.

7. The application method according to claim 4, wherein the binder is one or more of xanthan gum, tragacanth gum, locust bean gum, gum arabic and guar gum.

8. application method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described surfactant is tetradecyl dihydroxyethyl amine oxide, lauryl amidopropyl amine oxide, lauryl ampho imidazoline and lauryl amidopropyl One or more of hydroxysulfobetaines.

9 . The application method according to claim 4 , wherein the dust suppressant has a viscosity of 15-600 mPa·s. 10 .