CN111117548B - 一种热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂及其制备 - Google Patents
一种热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂及其制备 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical group O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- LNYYKKTXWBNIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nona-1(9),5,7-triene-2,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)OC2=O)=CC2=C1 LNYYKKTXWBNIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09J175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂及其制备方法,热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,由如下重量份的组分组成:异氰酸酯10~35份,脂肪族聚酯二元醇0~20份,芳香族聚酯二元醇50~85份,扩链剂1~10份,含氟二元醇1~3份,催化剂0.001~0.1份,所述的含氟二元醇为3,3,3‑三氟‑1,2‑丙二醇、3‑氟‑1,2‑丙二醇。本发明通过引入异氰酸酯、脂肪族和芳香族聚酯二醇和含氟二元醇共聚,制备的TPU粘合剂。该类型的胶黏剂粘合强度、流动性、表面性能均有较好的改善。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热塑性聚氨酯及其制备方法。
背景技术
近些年来,热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)材料的发展非常迅速,它凭借着优异的性能和多样的加工性能,越来越多被应用到生产生活的各个领域。其中,热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂的应用发展尤为显著,它不仅具备低VOC排放,绿色环保,同时拥有优良的粘合牢度,优异的耐水洗性,硬度范围广、剥离强度高、适合各种加工温度要求、弹力持久等性能,广泛用于服装、鞋业、热合、印刷、皮革、工艺品或电子产品等领域中。专利CN106459360A采用非结晶性聚酯多元醇与领苯二甲酸聚酯多元醇混合物,制备了加热后粘度长时间内变化不大的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,该粘合剂可用于木材、鞋类的粘合。专利CN107739589A报道了一种低熔点热塑性聚氨酯胶黏剂,通过聚四氢呋喃醚、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯与1,6-己二醇聚合反应得到,用于服装加工领域,具有加工温度低,耐低温性能优越,耐水洗,剥离强度高及粘结强度高等优异性能。专利CN107406568A以聚丁二醇琥珀酸酯作为聚合物多元醇制备高熔点快速重结晶热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,粘合剂的结晶性与回弹性都较为优良。
目前,聚氨酯型粘合剂基本能满足常规基材的贴合,如运动鞋、商标、刻字膜、皮革和丝网印等应用领域。但是对于具有良好防水和阻隔特性的基材,常规的聚氨酯胶黏剂贴合时的剥离强度无法满足要求。由于该类型的基材表面经过疏水图层处理,表面张力低,一般类型的粘合剂很难在基材表面铺展,剥离强度差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂及其制备方法,以克服常规型TPU粘合剂在强疏水性基底贴合时存在的缺陷。
所述的塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,由如下重量份的组分组成:
优选的,所述的塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,由如下重量份的组分组成:
所述的异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯和芳香族异氰酸酯一种或多种组合,例如,1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、对苯二异氰酸酯(PPDI)其中的一种或多种组合;
优选为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,脂肪族异氰酸酯∶芳香族异氰酸酯=1:0.5~3,质量比;
所述的芳香族聚酯二元醇为邻苯二甲酸酐或者间苯二甲酸酐与1,6-己二醇聚合制备得到数均分子量为1000~4000g/mol的聚酯多元醇;
所述的脂肪族聚酯二醇为1,6-己二酸与1,2-乙二醇或1,3-丙二醇或1,4-丁二醇或1,6-己二醇聚合制备得到数均分子量为2000~5000g/mol的聚酯多元醇中的一种或多种组合;
所述的扩链剂为1,2-乙二醇(EG)、1,3-丙二醇(PDO)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、1,6-己二醇(HDO)中的一种或多种组合;
所述的含氟二元醇为3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇、3-氟-1,2-丙二醇,优选的为3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇;
所述的催化剂为本领域通用的催化剂,包括有机锡催化剂、羧酸钾类催化剂、有机重金属催化剂、羧酸锌、羧酸铋、钛酸酯类催化剂等,具体可参见《聚氨酯弹性体手册》(刘厚钧编著,化学工业出版社,第二版)文献的报道。
本发明的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将异氰酸酯、芳香族聚酯二醇、脂肪族聚酯二醇、扩链剂、含氟二元醇以及催化剂通过混合头分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为90~140℃,优选100~140℃,特别优选100~130℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为40~70℃,优选45~65℃,优选50~65℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为40~70℃,优选45~65℃,优选50~65℃;
挤出机转速为100~300RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为100~200℃,优选115℃~190℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为200~120℃,优选190~130℃;
熔体泵180~220℃,优选180~210℃;
模头温度180~220℃,优选180~210℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为40~200s,优选40~100s;
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为0~50℃,优选0~30℃,特别优选0~20℃。
本发明通过引入异氰酸酯、脂肪族和芳香族聚酯二醇和含氟二元醇共聚,制备的TPU粘合剂。该类型的胶黏剂粘合强度、流动性、表面性能均有较好的改善。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 17.3份
异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比为脂肪族异氰酸酯(HDI):芳香族异氰酸酯(MDI)=1:0.77;
(1)将HDI、MDI、聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇、聚邻苯二甲酸酐己二醇酯二醇、HDO以及3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及辛酸亚锡通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为100℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为50℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为60℃;
挤出机转速为300RPM,螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为160℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为130℃;熔体泵180℃;模头温度200℃;混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为40s;水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为50℃。
实施例2
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 15份
异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比为脂肪族异氰酸酯(H12MDI):芳香族异氰酸酯(MDI)=1:1.83;
(1)将H12MDI、MDI、聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇、聚邻苯二甲酸酐己二醇酯二醇、BDO、3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及辛酸亚锡通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为100℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为70℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为50℃;
挤出机转速为100RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为200℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为200℃;
熔体泵220℃;
模头温度180℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为200s
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为0℃。
实施例3
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 13.7份
异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比为脂肪族异氰酸酯(H12MDI):芳香族异氰酸酯(TDI)=1:1.68;
(1)将H12MDI、TDI、聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇、聚间苯二甲酸酐丁二醇酯二醇、HDO、3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及异辛酸锌通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为140℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为70℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为40℃;
挤出机转速为150RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为100℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为200℃;
熔体泵220℃;
模头温度180℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为200s;
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为30℃。
实施例4
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 29.2份
异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比为脂肪族异氰酸酯(HDI):芳香族异氰酸酯(MDI)=1:0.47;
(1)将HDI、MDI、聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇、聚邻苯二甲酸酐己二醇酯二醇、HDO、3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及二月桂酸二丁基锡通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为90℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为70℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为50℃;
挤出机转速为200RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为120℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为130℃;
熔体泵200℃;
模头温度180℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为100s;
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为30℃。
实施例5
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 20.4份
异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比为脂肪族异氰酸酯(HDI):芳香族异氰酸酯(MDI)=1:0.34;
(1)将HDI、MDI、聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇、聚邻苯二甲酸酐乙二醇酯二醇、PDO、3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及辛酸亚锡通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为100℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为40℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为70℃;
挤出机转速为100RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为160℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为130℃;
熔体泵210℃;
模头温度220℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为100s;
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为0℃。
实施例6
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 15.3份
异氰酸酯为两种脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比分别为脂肪族异氰酸酯(HDI):脂肪族异氰酸酯(H12MDI):芳香族异氰酸酯(MDI)=3.3:6.2:5.8;
(1)将MDI、HDI、H12MDI、聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇、聚间苯二甲酸酐丁二醇酯二醇、BDO、3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及辛酸亚锡通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为100℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为60℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为65℃;
挤出机转速为120RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为160℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为130℃;
熔体泵180℃;
模头温度180℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为80s;
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为0℃。
实施例7
各原料组份如下,按重量份计:
异氰酸酯 14.6份
异氰酸酯为两种脂肪族异氰酸酯的混合物,质量比为脂肪族异氰酸酯(HDI):脂肪族异氰酸酯(H12MDI)=1;
(1)将HDI、H12MDI、聚邻苯二甲酸酐己二醇酯二醇、HDO、3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇以及异辛酸锌通过搅拌的混合头中分散混合,然后灌注到双螺杆反应挤出机中,反应挤出,经水下切粒,除水干燥和熟化后即可获得所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂颗粒;
进一步,所述的异氰酸酯组份进入混合头的温度为100℃;
所述的聚酯二醇和催化剂组份进入混合头的温度为65℃;
所述的扩链剂和含氟二元醇组分进入混合头的温度为50℃;
挤出机转速为300RPM;
螺杆挤出机1#~7#节螺杆温度为170℃,7#~14#节螺杆温度为150℃;
熔体泵210℃;
模头温度200℃;
混合头的预聚物从喂料口进入到熔体出口,挤出时间为80s,优选40~100s;
水下切粒机中水循环系统的水温设定为30℃。
对比例1
该对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料列表中的芳香族聚酯二醇(聚邻苯二甲酸酐己二醇酯二醇)替换为脂肪族聚酯二醇(聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇),其余原料和原料用量以及制备方法和条件均与实施例1相同。
对比例2
该对比例与实施例3的不同之处在于,原料列表中的含氟二元醇(3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇)替换为HDO,其余原料和原料用量以及制备方法和条件均与实施例3相同。
制备得到的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂的各项性能如下表1所示,其中,:
表1:实施例1~7,对比例1~2各项性能:
由实施例和对比例的各项性能检测数据(表1)可见:
*:将防泼水布(经防水处理的尼龙材质)与TPU粘合剂贴合后,裁成25mm×150mm的样条,试验速度为100mm/min,测试5组样条的平均T型剥离的数值;
通过含邻苯二甲酸酐或者间苯二甲酸酐的芳香族聚酯二醇与含氟小分子二元醇的协同作用,制备的TPU粘合剂应用于表面疏水处理的基材贴合时,不仅保持了优异的粘合性能,剥离强度高达到70N以上。
Claims (5)
1.一种热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,其特征在于,由如下重量份的组分组成:
异氰酸酯 10~35份
脂肪族聚酯二元醇 0~20份
芳香族聚酯二元醇 50~85份
扩链剂 1~10份
含氟二元醇 1~3份
催化剂 0.001~0.1份
所述的含氟二元醇为3,3,3-三氟-1,2-丙二醇、3-氟-1,2-丙二醇;
所述的芳香族聚酯二元醇选自聚邻苯二甲酸酐己二醇酯二醇、聚间苯二甲酸酐丁二
醇酯二醇或聚邻苯二甲酸酐乙二醇酯二醇,其数均分子量为1000~3000g/mol。
2.根据权利要求1 所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,其特征在于,由如下重量份的组分组成:
异氰酸酯 13~30份
脂肪族聚酯二元醇 0~20份
芳香族聚酯二元醇 50~82份
扩链剂 1~10份
含氟二元醇 1~3份
催化剂 0.001~0.1份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,其特征在于,所述的异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯和芳香族异氰酸酯中的一种或多种组合。
4. 根据权利要求 3 所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,其特征在于,所述的异氰酸酯为
1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、对苯二异氰酸酯(PPDI)其中的一种或多种组合。
5.根据权利要求4 所述的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂,其特征在于,所述的异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯与芳香族异氰酸酯的混合物,脂肪族异氰酸酯∶芳香族异氰酸酯=1:0.5~3,质量比。
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