Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multichannel driving system for a laser radar transmitting end, which comprises:
The digital control unit is provided with a plurality of groups of outputs;
a plurality of single channel laser driver circuits, each coupled to one of the sets of outputs of the digital control unit,
Wherein the digital control unit is configured to selectively gate one of the plurality of single channel laser drive circuits to output a laser drive signal.
According to one aspect of the invention, each of the plurality of sets of outputs includes a differential signal and an enable signal, each of the single channel laser driving circuits is gated according to the enable signal and generates and outputs the laser driving signal according to the differential signal.
According to one aspect of the present invention, each of the single-channel laser driving circuits includes a narrow pulse generator configured to receive the differential signal and the enable signal and generate a narrow pulse, and a multi-stage inverter configured to receive the narrow pulse and amplify it stepwise, generating the laser driving signal.
According to one aspect of the invention, the digital control unit is an integrated circuit chip.
According to one aspect of the present invention, each of the single-channel laser driving circuits includes an abnormal state detection unit configured to detect an abnormal state within the single-channel laser driving circuit and report information of the abnormal state to the digital control unit.
According to one aspect of the invention, the abnormal state includes one or more of an overcurrent, an overtemperature, and a short circuit, and the digital control unit is configured to stop gating one of the single-channel laser driving circuits when abnormal state information is received from the single-channel laser driving circuit.
According to one aspect of the invention, the multi-channel drive system further comprises a temperature detection unit coupled to the digital control unit and configured to detect a temperature of the multi-channel drive system, the digital control unit being configured to calibrate the multi-channel drive system based on the temperature.
According to one aspect of the invention, the multi-channel drive system further comprises a voltage converter, which can adjust the amplitude of the laser drive signal.
The present invention also provides a laser radar including:
A multi-channel drive system as described above, and
A plurality of lasers corresponding to a plurality of single-channel laser driving circuits of the multi-channel driving system, the plurality of lasers being driven by the corresponding single-channel laser driving circuits.
The present invention also provides a method of driving a plurality of lasers using a multi-channel drive system as described above, comprising:
Determining one or more lasers to be driven;
and gating one or more single-channel laser driving circuits corresponding to the one or more lasers through the digital control unit, and outputting laser driving signals.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method further comprises:
each of the plurality of single-channel laser driving circuits is sequentially gated in a preset pattern to drive each laser.
In the embodiment of the invention, the digital control unit can realize the full differential control of multiple channels, can realize the fine adjustment of the emission pulse width, and avoids parasitic parameters such as inductance, resistance and capacitance of discrete devices on board level wiring. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by fully differential routing within the chip, the problem of crosstalk of external power lines, ground lines, etc. is avoided.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be recognized by those of skill in the pertinent art, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, or communicable with each other, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intermediary, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. In order to simplify the present disclosure, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. They are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are for the purpose of brevity and clarity, and which do not themselves indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates a multi-channel drive system 10, such as may be used at a lidar transmitting end, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-channel drive system 10 includes a digital control unit 11 and a plurality of single-channel laser drive circuits 12, shown in fig. 1 as channel 1 laser drive circuit 12-1, channel 2 laser drive circuit 12-2, and through to channel n laser drive circuit 12-n. Wherein the digital control unit 11 has a plurality of sets of outputs, each set of outputs being connected to one of the single channel laser driving circuits 12. After receiving one of the outputs of the digital control unit 11, the laser driving circuit 12 generates a driving output signal Out for driving a laser (not shown) coupled thereto according to the received signal. When applied to driving lasers in a lidar, the number of single-channel laser driving circuits 12 may correspond to the number of lasers in the lidar, or the number of lines of the lidar, for example, may be 1,2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 40, 64, 128, etc., which are within the scope of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the invention, the digital control unit 11 is not configured to gate all single-channel laser driving circuits 12 simultaneously, but is configured to selectively gate one or more of the plurality of single-channel laser driving circuits to sequentially output the driving signals Out-1, out-2, and Out-n of the respective lasers.
The digital control unit is used as a control center of the system and can realize information interaction with the laser radar controller. For example, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the digital control unit 11 may have a certain gating logic built therein, such as gating logic of channels 1-n, to sequentially gate one or more of the n single-channel laser driving circuits 12 in a certain order. Or alternatively, the digital control unit 11 may include an address input pin for inputting an address of the single channel laser driving circuit 12 to be strobed. Taking a 64-line lidar as an example, it has 64 lasers and thus 64 single-channel laser driving circuits. In order to encode the addresses of the 64 single channel laser driving circuits, the digital control unit 11 needs to have 6 address input pins. For example, the digital control unit 11 gates the 4 th single channel laser driving circuit when the digital sequence inputted by the six address input pins is 000100, and gates the 12 th single channel laser driving circuit 12-12 when the digital sequence inputted by the six address input pins is 001100.
Each of the plurality of sets of output signals includes an enable signal ENB. Each single channel laser driver circuit 12 will decide whether it is gated or not based on the enable signal ENB it receives. For example when the enable signal ENB is high, a strobe is indicated. The ENB signal is a digital signal, and is either 0 or 1. The ENB signal and the sequence of digits representing the address of the channel remain identical, e.g., channel 4 is on, then ENB4 is high, at which time channel 4 is on, and the ENBs of the other channels are 0, in the off state.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of sets of output signals includes a differential signal INN (first differential signal) and INP (second differential signal) in addition to the enable signal ENB, and each of the single-channel laser driving circuits generates and outputs the laser driving signal Out according to the differential signals INN and INP after gating. The digital control unit 11 can realize the full differential control of multiple channels, can realize the fine adjustment of the emission pulse width, and avoids parasitic parameters such as inductance, resistance and capacitance of discrete devices on board level wiring. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by fully differential routing within the chip, the problem of crosstalk of external power lines, ground lines, etc. is avoided.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the FAULT TX (abnormal state monitoring module) signal feedback system may be considered as a digital sequence, such as over-temperature, under-voltage, eye safety, over-current, etc., and is at a low level when normal, and the channel level of the problem becomes 1 when the above problem occurs. At this point, the digital control unit detects this information and simultaneously generates an interrupt signal int which then turns off the chip using a pull-up resistor and then restarts or the like.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the digital control unit 11 is an integrated circuit chip. Such as registers, digital processors DSP, etc., may be integrated on one integrated circuit chip.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a single channel laser driver circuit 12 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Described in detail below with reference to fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2, each of the single-channel laser driving circuits 12 may include an inverter 121, an and gate 122, an inverter 123, and an inverter 124, which are sequentially connected. The first differential signal INN is inverted by the inverter 121, then is input to the and gate 122 together with the second differential signal INP and the enable signal ENB, and is amplified step by the inverter 123 and the inverter 124 after the and operation, and finally generates and outputs the laser driving signal OUT. Wherein the inverter 121 and the and gate 122 constitute a narrow pulse generator configured to receive the differential signal and the enable signal and generate a narrow pulse. As illustrated in fig. 3, waveforms of the first differential signal INN, the second differential signal INP, and the finally output laser driving signal OUT are shown. The leading edge inversion time of the first differential signal INN pulse is delayed by a time Tpulse from the leading edge inversion time of the second differential signal INP, and the pulse of the laser driving signal OUT with the same width Tpulse is finally output through the operation processing of the inverter and the and gate. When the pulse is received by a switch of the laser (e.g., a GaN switch), the switch is closed, causing current to flow through the laser, which is driven to emit light.
The inclusion of two inverters 123 and 124 on the output side of the narrow pulse generator is schematically shown in fig. 2, with progressive amplification of the narrow pulse generator output. The invention is not limited thereto and may include a greater or lesser number of inverters. The main purpose of the inverters 123 and 124 is to amplify and output the laser driving signal OUT step by step, so the number of inverters can be determined according to the power and level requirements of the laser driving signal OUT and the amplifying capability of the inverters. These are all within the scope of the present invention. The single-channel laser driving circuit adopts the most direct inverter to push step by step so as to realize the rapid driving of narrow pulses. The step-by-step pushing of the inverter minimizes the drive delay time from input to output.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, each of the single-channel laser driving circuits 12 may include an abnormal state detecting unit 125. The abnormal state detection unit 125 is configured to detect an abnormal state in the corresponding single-channel laser driving circuit 12, and report information of the abnormal state to the digital control unit 11. As shown in fig. 1, there is a transmission of a signal FAULT between each single-channel laser driving circuit 12 and the digital control unit 11. The signal FAULT may be a simple signal with or without an abnormal state, for example represented by 0 and 1. A description of a specific abnormal state is also possible. The abnormal condition of the single channel laser driver circuit 12 may include, for example, one or more of a circuit over-current, over-temperature, and short circuit. For example, to detect an overtemperature of the circuit, the abnormal state detection unit 125 may include a corresponding temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the circuit, and when the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the abnormal state detection unit 125 sends a signal of the overtemperature abnormal state to the digital control unit 11. To detect the current, the abnormal state detection unit 125 may include a corresponding current sensor to detect the current condition of one or more branches in the circuit, and when the current is abnormal, send a signal of an abnormal state such as a short circuit or an overcurrent to the digital control unit 11. When the digital control unit 11 receives abnormal state information from one of the single-channel laser driving circuits, the single-channel laser driving circuits are stopped to be gated, and an alarm can be timely sent out to prompt an operator that one of the single-channel laser driving circuits is faulty or abnormal.
In the conventional scheme, the abnormal state signal FAULT is not generally used because the feedback is too small to be handled. In the traditional scheme, the conditions of over-temperature, under-voltage, over-current and the like cannot be accurately and rapidly sensed. Human eye security currently has no on-chip integration scheme worldwide. These are difficult to detect by external devices due to the precision and speed requirements. In the embodiment of the invention, the high-precision and rapid detection can be performed through the circuit design in an on-chip integrated mode. In the multi-channel scheme of the invention, the abnormal state monitoring module feeds back the problems of over-temperature, under-voltage, eye safety, over-current and the like in the system, and FAULT TX can also be considered as a digital sequence, for example, is in a low level when the problems occur, and when the channel level of the problems becomes 1, at the moment, the digital control unit detects the information and simultaneously generates an interrupt signal int, and the interrupt signal turns off the chip (for example, turns off the driving high output of the digital control unit) by using a pull-up resistor, and then restarts or the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-channel drive system 10 further includes a temperature detection unit 13. A temperature detection unit 13 is coupled to the digital control unit 11 and is configured to detect the temperature of each of the multi-channel drive systems 10. The multichannel drive system 10 includes a plurality of electronic components therein, the operation of which may vary with temperature. When the temperature changes beyond a certain range, errors caused by changes in operating parameters and performance may cause serious problems. In the present invention, the digital control unit 11 is coupled to and receives the temperature information from the temperature detection unit 13, and calibrates the multi-channel driving system 10 or other electronic devices thereon according to the temperature information. For example, the digital control unit 11 may adjust the intensity, the leading edge flip time, the pulse width, etc. of the differential signals INP, INN to adjust the laser driving signal OUT output by the corresponding single-channel laser driving circuit 12. Therefore, the temperature detection unit 13 can detect the temperature of the chip in real time, and feeds back detection data to the digital control unit 11 to realize real-time calibration, so that the temperature drift of the parameter caused by the external temperature and the temperature rise of the chip is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single channel laser driving circuits 12 each further comprise a voltage converter 126, the voltage converter 126 being operable to adjust the amplitude of the laser driving signal. The voltage converter module can be used for adjusting the driving voltage, so that the channel driving capability is controlled within a reasonable range. The voltage converter can be used for light intensity adjustment, i.e. the laser light intensity of each channel can be made different, which can be adjusted.
Compared with the single-channel driving in the prior art, a digital control unit and an abnormal state detection unit (which can output a FAULT signal as shown in fig. 1 and 2) are added in the embodiment of the invention. First, the digital control unit decides which channel is controlled to be conducted. For example, when a sequence of numbers 000100 is received that characterizes the channel address, channel 4 is turned on. In addition, differential signals are used in the embodiments of the present invention. In the conventional scheme, each channel is to be separately supplied with a differential signal, the circuit occupies a large area of the system, a digital sequence is now supplied to the digital control unit, and then it is determined which channel is to be supplied with the differential signal, and the differential signal can obtain an output signal Tpulse as shown in fig. 3, so as to drive the GaN switch. Through the abnormal state detection module, the problems of overcurrent, overtemperature and short circuit abnormality possibly generated by the channel driving circuit are detected and uploaded, so that the problems can be timely processed in the digital control unit.
The invention also relates to a laser radar comprising a multi-channel driving system 10 as described above and a plurality of lasers, wherein the plurality of lasers correspond to a plurality of single-channel laser driving circuits of the multi-channel driving system, and are driven by the corresponding single-channel laser driving circuits and emit lasers. The digital control unit is used as a control center of the driving system to realize information interaction with the laser radar controller.
The invention also relates to a method 100 of driving a plurality of lasers, as shown in fig. 4, which may be implemented, for example, using a multi-channel drive system 100 as described above. Described in detail below with reference to fig. 4.
In step S101, one or more lasers to be driven are determined. Among the plurality of lasers, one of the lasers is selected at a time to drive and emit light according to certain logic.
In step S102, a single-channel laser driving circuit corresponding to the one laser is gated by the digital control unit, and a laser driving signal is output.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method 100 further includes sequentially gating each of the plurality of single channel laser driving circuits in a preset pattern to drive each laser in a round robin fashion.
In the embodiment of the invention, the digital control unit can realize the full differential control of multiple channels, can realize the fine adjustment of the emission pulse width, and avoids parasitic parameters such as inductance, resistance and capacitance of discrete devices on board level wiring. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by fully differential routing within the chip, the problem of crosstalk of external power lines, ground lines, etc. is avoided.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but may be modified or substituted for some of the technical features thereof by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.