CN111103400A

CN111103400A - Device and method for testing performance of seawater uranium extraction material

Info

Publication number: CN111103400A
Application number: CN201911289582.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪小琳; 文君; 田杰; 王宁; 程冲
Original assignee: Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry
Current assignee: Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-05-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the performance of a uranium extraction material from seawater. The invention adopts a plurality of groups of parallel running processes with two different modes of adsorption placing modes, and realizes a controllable process for adsorption conditions. The device adopts the design of the reserved opening, and can conveniently realize the expansion of a columnar adsorption system and a groove-shaped adsorption system. The method has the advantages of simple flow, convenient device operation, good system stability, controllable adsorption conditions and capability of carrying out multiple groups of parallel comparison experiments, can effectively realize comprehensive examination and screening of the performance of the uranium pumping material in the seawater under the real seawater environment, and has important value for research and development of the uranium pumping material in the seawater and related technical research.

Description

Device and method for testing performance of seawater uranium extraction material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of uranium extraction from seawater, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing performance of a uranium extraction from seawater material.

Background

Uranium resources are basic resources for continuous development of nuclear industry and strategic resources for development of nuclear energy, and the problem of guarantee of nuclear fuel uranium is highlighted day by day under the background of continuous development of nuclear energy. In 2015, the international atomic energy organization (IAEA) and the economic cooperation development organization (OECD-NEA) published that the total mass of uranium ore resources which are proved to be about 7.64 x 10 all over the world⁶And ton, the uranium resource is estimated to be only enough for about 120 years for human use. Plus an unexplored value of about 7.70X 10⁶Uranium ore resource of about 7.3 x 10, which can be extracted from other phosphorite and nonferrous metal ore containing very little uranium⁶-8.4×10⁶The total uranium resource is only enough for about 300 years for human use. In order to guarantee the continuous development of nuclear energy, the method has important strategic significance for developing unconventional uranium resources.

The total amount of seawater in the world is about 1.37X 10⁹km³In which the uranium concentration is 1.4X 10^-8mol/L (3.3 mu g/L), the total uranium content in seawater is about 45 hundred million tons, which is about 1000 times of that in land rock and is enough for human use for 7.2 ten thousand years. In addition, the scholars report that a large amount of non-water-soluble uranium resources are attached to the submarine rocks, and the part of uranium resources is 1000 times of that in seawater and is enough for mankind to use for thousands of years. About 27000 tons of metal uranium which is gathered and supplemented into the seawater every year by river water has high seawater mobility, the concentration can quickly reach balance, and the method has no regional limitation and belongs to shared resources. If a stable, efficient, cheap and reusable method for extracting uranium from seawater can be developed, the uranium in the seawater becomes an inexhaustible energy source, and the sustainable development of human energy can be ensured. Thus, "uranium extraction from seawater" is considered the most challenging, also "HuiThe Nature journal rates "uranium extraction from seawater" as one of "Seven chemical separations to change the world" in 2016, the highest research and development project of nuclear fuel resources. The research on uranium extraction from seawater is started in the last 60 th century in China, but the blank period of more than thirty years appears for various reasons. With the positioning of the countries to the future energy development and the key deployment of the development and utilization of marine resources in recent years, the important significance of extracting uranium from seawater is drawing much attention in China. The development of extracting uranium from seawater has important and long-term strategic significance for ensuring the sustainable development of nuclear energy in China and promoting the comprehensive utilization of ocean resources in China.

The final purpose of extracting uranium from seawater is to ask that the uranium extracting material can extract uranium compounds from real seawater, so that the method is very important for the performance assessment of the uranium extracting material from seawater in a real seawater environment. However, the existing device for testing the performance of the uranium extraction material mainly uses simulated seawater self-configured in a laboratory as an adsorption object to investigate the performance of the material, and the uranium extraction performance and the seawater adaptability of the uranium extraction material in a real seawater environment cannot be truly reflected. Because of the difference of adsorption objects, the interference of factors such as high salt concentration and corrosivity of real seawater is not considered in the prior art of the device, and particularly, the performance of the uranium extraction material is obviously influenced by marine microorganisms, so that a device and a method for testing the performance of the uranium extraction material in a real seawater environment by taking the real seawater as an adsorption object and aiming at the composition characteristics of the seawater are urgently needed to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the performance of a uranium extracting from seawater material.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a device for testing the performance of a uranium extracting material from seawater comprises a seawater regulating and controlling system, a columnar adsorption system and a groove-shaped adsorption system, wherein the seawater regulating and controlling system comprises a seawater inlet, a water pump, a first microbial controller, a buffer, a columnar adsorption system inlet, a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet, a liquid discharge port and an overflow pipe I; the cylindrical adsorption system is communicated with the seawater regulation and control system through a cylindrical adsorption system inlet, and the groove-shaped adsorption system is communicated with the seawater regulation and control system through a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet.

The seawater control system also comprises a second microbial controller.

The first microbial controller and the second microbial controller adopt multi-stage membrane filtration.

The first microbial controller and the second microbial controller respectively adopt water permeable membranes with the diameters of 4 mu m and 0.4 mu m to form respective filtering membranes.

The column-shaped adsorption system comprises an inlet valve I, a metering pump I, an adsorption column, a sampling port, a discharge valve I, a discharge pipe I, a first reserved port and a second reserved port.

The first reserved opening and the second reserved opening connect the plurality of columnar adsorption systems in parallel.

The groove-shaped adsorption system comprises an inlet valve II, a metering pump II, an adsorption groove, a circulating valve, an overflow pipe II, a discharge valve II, a discharge pipe II and a third reserved port.

The adsorption tanks are in a plurality of groups, the adsorption tanks are connected in parallel through a third reserved port pipeline, and the third reserved port connects a plurality of groups of groove-shaped adsorption systems in parallel.

The absorption column is filled with the material for extracting uranium from seawater.

The adsorption tank is filled with the material for extracting uranium from seawater.

The invention relates to a device for testing the performance of a uranium extraction material from seawater, which is designed by adopting two modes of column type adsorption and groove type adsorption aiming at different adsorption types applicable to different uranium extraction materials. And aiming at the composition characteristics of real seawater, a seawater regulation and control system is adopted to controllably filter marine microorganisms in the seawater, so that the research work of exploiting the influence of the marine microorganisms on the performance of uranium extraction materials is facilitated. And the flow velocity of the uranium extraction material flowing through the seawater is controlled, so that the purpose of researching the performance of the uranium extraction material under different conditions is achieved.

Based on the device for testing the performance of the uranium extracting from seawater material, the invention also provides a method for testing the performance of the uranium extracting from seawater material, which comprises the following steps:

a. natural seawater is sent into a seawater regulation and control system from a seawater inlet through a water pump;

b. the method comprises the following steps that natural seawater firstly regulates and controls marine microorganisms through a first microbial controller or a second microbial controller in a seawater regulation and control system and then enters a buffer, and the regulated and controlled natural seawater in the buffer enters a columnar adsorption system and a groove-shaped adsorption system through an inlet of the columnar adsorption system and an inlet of the groove-shaped adsorption system respectively;

c. the seawater flows into the adsorption column through the inlet valve I in a flow control manner in the columnar adsorption system, uranium in the seawater is adsorbed by a seawater uranium extraction material, and the adsorbed seawater is discharged through the discharge pipe I;

d. the seawater is internally circulated in the groove-shaped adsorption system, repeatedly flows through the seawater uranium extraction material fixed in the adsorption groove, and the seawater solution exceeding the height of the overflow pipe II is discharged into the discharge pipe II through the overflow pipe II.

In the step (c), all the adsorption columns of the columnar adsorption system are designed in parallel, and the flow rate of each adsorption column is independently controlled through a corresponding inlet valve I.

In the step (d), the groove-shaped adsorption system performs internal circulation with controllable flow rate through a metering pump II, the adsorption tanks are in parallel connection, and the flow rate is independently controlled through corresponding inlet valves II.

The method for testing the performance of the uranium extraction material from seawater aims at the characteristics that the concentration of uranium is low, the handling capacity is large, the research period of the performance of the uranium extraction material is long, and the influence of marine microorganisms is easily received in the uranium extraction process from seawater, and establishes a device which is reasonably designed for testing the performance of the uranium extraction material from seawater in a real seawater environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for testing the performance of a uranium extracting from seawater, which comprises a seawater regulation and control system and a columnar adsorption system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for testing the performance of a uranium extracting from seawater, which comprises a seawater regulation and control system and a groove-shaped adsorption system;

in the figure, 1, a seawater regulation system 11, a seawater inlet 12, a water pump 13, a first microbial controller 14, a second microbial controller 15, a buffer 16, a columnar adsorption system inlet 17, a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet 18, a liquid discharge port 19, an overflow pipe I2, a columnar adsorption system 21, an inlet valve I22, a metering pump I23, an adsorption column 24, a sampling port 25, an exhaust valve I26, an exhaust pipe I27, a first reserved port 28, a second reserved port 3, a groove-shaped adsorption system 31, an inlet valve II32, a metering pump II 33, an adsorption groove 34, a circulating valve 35, an overflow pipe II 36, an exhaust valve II37, an exhaust pipe II 38 and a third reserved port are arranged.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which all features disclosed in this specification, or all steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps which are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the device for testing the performance of the uranium extracting material from seawater comprises a seawater regulation and control system 1, a columnar adsorption system 2 and a groove-shaped adsorption system 3, wherein the seawater regulation and control system 1 comprises a seawater inlet 11, a water pump 12, a first microbial controller 13, a buffer 15, a columnar adsorption system inlet 16, a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet 17, a liquid outlet 18 and an overflow pipe I19. The seawater regulation and control system 1 enters seawater through a seawater inlet 11, and the seawater regulation and control system 1 is respectively communicated with inlets of a columnar adsorption system 2 and a groove-shaped adsorption system 3, namely, the columnar adsorption system is communicated with the seawater regulation and control system through a columnar adsorption system inlet 16, and the groove-shaped adsorption system is communicated with the seawater regulation and control system through a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet 17. The groove-shaped adsorption system is mainly used for researching adsorption materials which are easy to float in seawater, such as fibers, non-woven fabrics and other materials, and the columnar adsorption system is mainly used for researching loss of powder materials, such as inorganic adsorbents, resin adsorbents and the like, in the adsorption process.

In a preferred embodiment, the seawater conditioning system 1 further comprises a second microbial controller 14. The

microbial controllers

13 and 14 adopt a 'use one by one' mode, and the standby microbial controller is automatically started when the filter element needs to be replaced when hydraulic pressure of one microbial controller is too high. The invention realizes the multi-stage filtration of marine microorganisms through each microorganism controller and controls the marine microorganisms in the seawater entering the columnar adsorption system and the groove-shaped adsorption system.

In another preferred embodiment, the first and second

microbial controllers

13 and 14 remove the main microbes in the seawater by multi-stage membrane filtration. Meanwhile, a branch pipeline is arranged in the microbial controller to enable the seawater to directly enter a following adsorption system without multistage membrane filtration (namely, microorganisms in the seawater are not removed), so that the influence of the microorganisms on the uranium extraction material is specially researched.

Furthermore, the first microbial controller 13 and the second microbial controller 14 respectively adopt water permeable membranes with the diameter of 4 μm and the diameter of 0.4 μm to form respective filtering membranes.

Further, the column-shaped adsorption system comprises an inlet valve I21, a metering pump I22, an adsorption column 23, a sampling port 24, a discharge valve 25, a discharge pipe I26, a first reserved port 27 and a second reserved port 28. The invention sets a plurality of fast-plug interfaces on the pipeline at the end part of the device as the reserved ports for expanding the column/groove-shaped adsorption system, thereby realizing more column/groove-shaped adsorption systems working in a parallel state, and realizing expansion only by fast-plug connection of the pipeline of the expanded part and the reserved ports during later expansion.

Further, the first reserved opening 27 and the second reserved opening 28 connect a plurality of column-shaped adsorption systems in parallel. The second reserved opening 28 can be used for expanding the column-shaped adsorption system, so that more column-shaped adsorption systems can work in a parallel connection state.

Further, the groove-shaped adsorption system comprises an inlet valve II31, a metering pump II32, an adsorption groove 33, a circulating valve 34, an overflow pipe II 35, a discharge valve II 36, a discharge pipe II37 and a third reserved port 38.

Further, the adsorption tanks are designed in a miniaturized multi-group parallel mode, all the adsorption tanks are connected through a third reserved port 38 through pipelines, the reserved ports 38 can be used for expanding the groove-shaped adsorption systems, and more groove-shaped adsorption systems can work in a parallel mode.

According to the invention, the uranium extracting seawater material is filled in the adsorption column 23 and the adsorption tank 33, so that the performance of the uranium extracting seawater material is tested by the device for testing the performance of the uranium extracting seawater material.

a. natural seawater is sent into a seawater regulation and control system from a seawater inlet 11 through a water pump 12;

b. the natural seawater is firstly regulated and controlled by a first microbial controller 13 or a second microbial controller 14 in the seawater regulation and control system and then enters a buffer 15, and the regulated and controlled natural seawater in the buffer 15 enters a columnar adsorption system and a groove-shaped adsorption system respectively through a columnar adsorption system inlet 16 and a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet 17;

c. the seawater flows into an adsorption column 23 through an inlet valve I21 in a flow control manner in a columnar adsorption system, uranium in the seawater is adsorbed by a seawater uranium extraction material, and the adsorbed seawater is discharged through a discharge pipe I26;

d. the seawater is circulated in the trough-shaped adsorption system at a controllable flow rate by a metering pump II32, repeatedly flows through the seawater uranium extraction material fixed in the adsorption tank 33, and the seawater solution exceeding the height of the overflow pipe II 35 is discharged into a discharge pipe II37 through the overflow pipe II.

In the step c, the adsorption columns 23 of the column adsorption system are designed in parallel, and the flow rate of each adsorption column 23 is independently controlled through a corresponding inlet valve I21.

In the step d, the groove-shaped adsorption system performs internal circulation with controllable flow rate through a metering pump II32, the adsorption grooves 33 are in parallel connection, and the flow of each adsorption groove 33 is independently controlled through a corresponding inlet valve II 31.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail, as follows:

example 1:

b. the natural seawater is firstly regulated and controlled by a first microbial controller 13 or a second microbial controller 14 in the seawater regulation and control system, marine microorganisms in the seawater are filtered out and then enter a buffer 15, and the regulated and controlled natural seawater in the buffer 15 enters a columnar adsorption system and a groove-shaped adsorption system through a columnar adsorption system inlet 16 and a groove-shaped adsorption system inlet 17 respectively;

c. the polyamidoxime gel membrane material is filled into the adsorption column 23, the seawater flows into the adsorption column 23 in a columnar adsorption system through the flow control of an inlet valve I21, the flow rate of the No. 1-5 adsorption column is set to be 50ml/min, and the flow rate of the No. 6-10 adsorption column is set to be 100 ml/min. Uranium in the seawater is adsorbed by the polyamidoxime gel film material, the adsorbed seawater is discharged through a discharge pipe I26, and the adsorption time is 30 days;

d. the polyamidoxime gel membrane material is filled into an adsorption tank 33, seawater is subjected to flow rate controllable internal circulation in a tank-shaped adsorption system through a metering pump II32, the flow rate is controlled to be 200ml/min through the metering pump II and an inlet valve II, the seawater repeatedly flows through the polyamidoxime gel membrane material fixed in the adsorption tank 33, the seawater solution exceeding the height of an overflow pipe II 35 is discharged into a discharge pipe II37 through the overflow pipe II, and the adsorption time is 30 days.

Through the test of the steps, the adsorption capacity of the polyamidoxime gel membrane material in the column adsorption experiment is 4.8mg/g at the flow rate of 50ml/min, the average adsorption capacity in the column adsorption experiment is 5.1mg/g at the flow rate of 100ml/min, and the average adsorption capacity in the groove type adsorption experiment is 5.5 mg/g.

Example 2:

b. the natural seawater firstly passes through the first microbial controller 13 or the second microbial controller 14 in the seawater regulation system to not regulate and control marine microorganisms, and then enters the buffer 15, and the natural seawater regulated and controlled in the buffer 15 enters the columnar adsorption system and the groove-shaped adsorption system through the columnar adsorption system inlet 16 and the groove-shaped adsorption system inlet 17 respectively;

c. the polyamidoxime gel membrane material is filled into an adsorption column 23, seawater flows into the adsorption column 23 in a columnar adsorption system through the flow control of an inlet valve I, the flow rate of the No. 1-5 adsorption column is set to be 50ml/min, and the flow rate of the No. 6-10 adsorption column is set to be 100 ml/min. Uranium in the seawater is adsorbed by the polyamidoxime gel film material, the adsorbed seawater is discharged through a discharge pipe I26, and the adsorption time is 30 days;

d. the polyamidoxime gel membrane material is filled into an adsorption column 33, seawater is subjected to flow rate controllable internal circulation in a trough-shaped adsorption system through a metering pump II32, the flow rate is controlled to be 200ml/min through the metering pump II and an inlet valve II, the seawater repeatedly flows through the polyamidoxime gel membrane material fixed in the adsorption tank 33, the seawater solution exceeding the height of an overflow pipe II 35 is discharged into a discharge pipe II37 through the overflow pipe II, and the adsorption time is 30 days.

Through the test of the steps, the adsorption capacity of the polyamidoxime gel membrane material in the column adsorption experiment is 3.5mg/g at the flow rate of 50ml/min, the average adsorption capacity in the column adsorption experiment is 3.9mg/g at the flow rate of 100ml/min, and the average adsorption capacity in the groove type adsorption experiment is 4.2 mg/g.

In conclusion, the device and the method can realize controllable adsorption conditions of different flow rates, different adsorption modes, the presence or absence of marine microorganisms and the like in a real seawater environment. And a plurality of groups of parallel tests under different conditions can be simultaneously carried out, the performance of the adsorption material can be efficiently screened and researched in the experiment of extracting uranium from seawater, and the research efficiency and reliability are improved. Therefore, the method can effectively solve the problem of performance test and screening of the uranium extraction material from seawater under the real seawater condition, and improve the research efficiency of the uranium extraction from seawater.

The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.

Claims

1. a device for testing the performance of uranium material from seawater, is characterized in that, this device comprises seawater regulation system (1), columnar adsorption system (2), groove adsorption system (3), wherein, described seawater regulation system (1) Including a seawater inlet (11), a water pump (12), a first microbial controller (13), a buffer (15), a columnar adsorption system inlet (16), a grooved adsorption system inlet (17), and a liquid drain (18) and an overflow pipe 1 (19); the columnar adsorption system (2) is communicated with the seawater regulation system (1) through the columnar adsorption system inlet (16), and the trough adsorption system (3) passes through the trough adsorption The system inlet (17) is communicated with the seawater regulation system (1).

2. The device for testing the performance of seawater uranium extraction material according to claim 1, wherein the seawater regulation system (1) further comprises a second microorganism controller (14).

3. The device for testing the performance of uranium extraction material from seawater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first microbial controller (13) and the second microbial controller (14) use multi-stage membrane filtration.

4. The device for testing the performance of uranium extraction material from sea water according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first microbiological controller (13) and the second microbiological controller (14) are respectively 4 μm and 0.4 μm. The permeable membranes constitute the respective filter membranes.

5. the device of testing seawater uranium material performance according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described columnar adsorption system (2) comprises inlet valve 1 (21), metering pump 1 (22), adsorption column (23) ), a sampling port (24), a discharge valve I (25), a discharge pipe I (26), a first reserved port (27) and a second reserved port (28).

6. The device for testing the performance of uranium extraction material from sea water according to claim 5, wherein the first reserved port (27) and the second reserved port (28) are connected in parallel with a plurality of columnar adsorption systems .

7. The device for testing the performance of uranium extraction material from sea water according to claim 1, wherein the grooved adsorption system (3) comprises an inlet valve II (31), a metering pump II (32), an adsorption tank ( 33), circulation valve (34), overflow pipe II (35), discharge valve II (36), discharge pipe II (37) and third reserved port (38).

8. The trough-shaped adsorption system according to claim 7, characterized in that, the adsorption tanks (33) are in multiple groups, and the adsorption tanks (33) are connected in parallel through the pipeline of the third reserved port (38). connection, and the third reserved port (38) connects multiple groups of trough adsorption systems in parallel.

9. The device for testing the performance of seawater uranium extraction material according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the seawater uranium extraction material is packed in the adsorption column (23).

10. The device for testing the performance of seawater uranium extraction material according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the seawater uranium extraction material is filled in the adsorption tank (33).

11. A method for testing the performance of uranium-raising materials from sea water based on the device for testing the performance of uranium-raising materials from seawater according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

a. The natural seawater is fed into the seawater control system (1) from the seawater inlet (11) through the water pump (12);

b. In the seawater regulation system (1), the natural seawater first regulates the marine microorganisms through the first microbial controller (13) or the second microbial controller (14), and then enters the buffer (15), the buffer (15) The natural seawater after the intermediate regulation is introduced into the columnar adsorption system (2) and the trough adsorption system (3) through the columnar adsorption system inlet (16) and the trough adsorption system inlet (17), respectively;

c. Seawater flows into the adsorption column (23) through the inlet valve I (21) for flow control in the columnar adsorption system (2), the uranium in the seawater is adsorbed by the seawater uranium extraction material, and the adsorbed seawater passes through the discharge pipe I ( 26) discharge;

d. The seawater is internally circulated in the tank-shaped adsorption system (3), and repeatedly flows through the seawater fixed in the adsorption tank (33) to extract the uranium material, and the seawater solution exceeding the height of the overflow pipe II (35) is discharged through the overflow pipe II. into discharge pipe II (37).

12. A method for testing the performance of uranium extraction material from sea water according to claim 11, wherein in the step (c), parallel connection is adopted between each adsorption column (23) of the columnar adsorption system (2). design, and each adsorption column (23) independently controls the flow through the corresponding inlet valve I (21).

13. A method for testing the performance of uranium-extracted materials from sea water according to claim 11, characterized in that, in the step (d), the trough-shaped adsorption system (3) carries out a flow rate adjustable by the metering pump II (32). The internal circulation is controlled, and each adsorption tank (33) adopts a parallel design, and each adsorption tank (33) independently controls the flow rate through the corresponding inlet valve II (31).