CN111101858A - Optional drilling and grinding-free completion device and method for sidetrack drilling - Google Patents
Optional drilling and grinding-free completion device and method for sidetrack drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111101858A CN111101858A CN201811273692.1A CN201811273692A CN111101858A CN 111101858 A CN111101858 A CN 111101858A CN 201811273692 A CN201811273692 A CN 201811273692A CN 111101858 A CN111101858 A CN 111101858A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/06—Cutting windows, e.g. directional window cutters for whipstock operations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
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Abstract
The invention provides a drilling and grinding-free well completion device and method for sidetracking wells, wherein the drilling and grinding-free well completion device for sidetracking wells comprises a positioning centralizer and a removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device, the positioning centralizer is positioned in a well bore, the exact position of a sidetracking well section is positioned, the well bore and a casing are righted, the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device is positioned at the casing of an oil layer part needing windowing sidetracking, when the sidetracking well section needing branching is drilled, the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device is remotely controlled to be opened, the casing section needing sidetracking windows is directly opened, and the casing of the windowing part does not need to be drilled and ground. The sidetrack drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device and method greatly reduce the sidetrack drilling cost, improve the drilling efficiency, shorten the actual sidetrack drilling and sidetrack drilling horizontal well drilling period and improve the return rate of investment efficiency. The labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the operation time and cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield development, in particular to a side drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device and method.
Background
At present, in the fields of oil and gas exploitation and the like, sidetracking wells including sidetracking branch wells, multi-branch lateral branch wells and the like are highly developed and technically integrated in sidetracking well and horizontal well technologies, and the method mainly aims at increasing the contact area with an oil layer to the greatest extent and releasing more energy of the oil-gas layer to improve the final recovery ratio. At present, the drilling technology of sidetracking branch wells is solved, but the well completion, sand prevention and oil extraction lifting integrated technology is not matched and matured.
For the window side drilling, namely, a whipstock of a steel body inclined plane is put in a proper position in an original well, the whipstock is put in the well by a feeder and a drilling tool, the whipstock is fixed by slips after being oriented, the original well is opened with a window with a certain length by a drilling and milling tool (generally a milling cone) under the supporting and guiding action of a deflector, then a branch directional well is drilled in the side, and a new well is formed at the lower part, so that the old well (including a casing and the like) at the upper part can be utilized, a platform and a well head device can be more effectively utilized, the cost of re-drilling is reduced, the production capacity of the well can be recovered, the well drilling function can be continued, and the. The prior art has the main problems that the preparation work in the early stage is complex, the pipe column needs to be put into for section milling and reaming for many times, the drilling period is long, and the operation procedure is complex. At present, a common milling cone for window-opening sidetracking in foreign countries needs to block a lower stratum in advance, so that the operation time and the operation cost are increased, and after the window-opening sidetracking in China is finished, a main well bore and a branch well bore are communicated through sleeve milling and cutting or powder perforation, so that the operation is easy to lose effectiveness, a large amount of time is consumed, the work labor intensity and the operation cost are increased, the process is complex and tedious, and the window-opening milling working performance and efficiency can not meet the production requirement.
The traditional mode usually adopts a mechanical milling and drilling method, a common windowing milling device is a releasing device or a mechanical milling and drilling device, and the methods for removing the downhole tool have the defects of high operation difficulty, long consumed time, easy damage to a casing pipe, long consumed time and high operation cost. In addition, if the outside of the casing at the windowing point is not protected by a cement sheath, the pressure bearing capacity of the casing is weak, and the phenomena of curling and tearing of the casing are easy to occur in the windowing process, so that the window quality is poor. The windowing sidetracking mainly adopts drifting, pressure testing, whipstock, windowing, ash injection, ash sweeping, pilot drilling and sidetracking, and the process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that the sidetracking process is complicated. And the underground accidents such as pipe column clamping and the like are easily caused, so that the development cost of the oil well is high, the risk is high, and the development benefit of the oil field is seriously influenced.
Chinese patent CN103089180A discloses a method for completing a well with an expansion screen pipe for casing side drilling, which comprises the steps of putting a tail pipe string with the expansion screen pipe into a well to a preset position, pressing and hanging an expansion hanger, enabling a rubber ring on the expansion hanger to be tightly attached to the interior of the original well casing to provide hanging sealing for the well completion pipe string, and eliminating the annular space between the screen pipe and the well wall. However, this method is only applicable to offset open hole screen sidetrack completions and not to offset cased hole completions.
Chinese patent CN104265161A discloses a 5 inch half casing internal free section windowing sidetrack drilling process, which comprises the steps of drifting, pressure testing, drilling a whipstock, windowing, repairing a window and sidetrack drilling, wherein a drilling tool formed by sequentially and mutually connecting a drill bit, a spiral drill collar, a single-bent screw rod, a weighted drill rod and a drill rod is used for sidetrack drilling, the drill bit is eaten into the stratum by the combined action of the bent screw rod and the oblique surface of the whipstock in a sliding drilling mode, and the benefit and efficiency of windowing sidetrack drilling are greatly improved. However, the process method is only used for the process and the matched drilling tool of the 5-inch half-casing in-opening window sidetrack drilling without cement sheath at the window opening point in the casing in-opening window sidetrack drilling, and is not suitable for the shaft for cementing and cementing branch sections of the window opening sidetrack drilling.
In summary, in the conventional method, the windowing sidetracking of the casing is mainly focused on the aspects of ensuring the well body quality of a new borehole of the sidetracking well, recovering the production of an old well and the like, and no efficient tool or process method exists for selecting the sidetracking-free drilling and grinding. Therefore, a novel selective drilling and grinding-free well completion device and method for sidetracking well drilling are invented, and the technical problems are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drilling and grinding-free well completion device and method for sidetracking well selection, which have the advantages of reasonable structural design, simplicity and convenience in operation, high efficiency, high safety and strong operability.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: the side drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device comprises a positioning centralizer and a removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device, wherein the positioning centralizer is positioned in a shaft, the exact position of a side drilling section is positioned, the shaft and a casing are righted, the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device is positioned at the casing of the oil layer part needing windowing, when a drilling window-opening side drilling section needing branching is drilled, the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device is opened by remote control, the casing section needing side drilling and windowing is directly opened, and the casing of the window-opening part does not need to be drilled.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:
the sidetracking drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device also comprises a removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking drilling bottom hole combination device which is connected with the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device, has the function of automatic positioning and orientation, is convenient for the running of a well completion pipe string and is used for forward/reverse well washing construction when a sidetracking drilling branch well hole is screen pipe well completion.
In the well section needing sidetrack fishbone-shaped branch well, the sidetrack optional drilling-free well completion device comprises two or more groups of the removable drilling-free windowing device, the positioning centralizer and the removable drilling-free sidetrack downhole assembly.
The removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device is opened through remote control of oil pipes or coiled oil pipes, throwing balls, pressing or sending electric signals.
The removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device comprises a control signal mechanism, a first control circuit, a second control circuit, a third control circuit, a fourth control circuit and a brake mechanism, wherein the control signal mechanism is respectively connected with the first control circuit, the second control circuit, the third control circuit and the fourth control circuit, receives control signals, transmits the control signals to the first control circuit, transmits the control signals to the second control circuit if the control signals are not received by the first control circuit, and transmits the control signals to the third control circuit and the fourth control circuit in sequence, the control signals received by the control circuits are analyzed, and action signals are transmitted to the brake mechanism, the brake mechanism is respectively connected with the first control circuit, the second control circuit, the third control circuit and the fourth control circuit, and a switch is opened under the control of the action signals, the action of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device is changed into a section of exposed casing section, and the casing section needing side drilling windowing is directly opened.
The removable drill-and-wear-free windowing facility comprises a drillable inner cylinder and a magnetic material which are fixed in different modes, and the magnetic material is positioned at the bottom end of the removable drill-and-wear-free windowing facility.
The removable drill-free windowing facility is processed by an easily-grinded material or a dissolvable material.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures: the sidetracking drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion method which adopts the sidetracking drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device of claim 1 and is applied to drilling a straight well section into an inclined well section or a horizontal well section, and comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out well dredging to a well section needing sidetrack windowing, and determining a removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device at the windowed sidetrack drilling section from the well bottom according to the specific position of the positioning centralizer;
(2) the casing pipe is lowered to the designed well depth, namely a windowing sidetrack drilling section needing to be windowed, is connected with a pipe string descending combination, is connected with a sidetrack drilling from bottom to top, and is provided with a removable drilling-grinding-free sidetrack drilling well bottom combination device, a removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device and a positioning centralizer which are capable of selecting a drilling-grinding-free well completion device, and is lowered into a main shaft, so that the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device is aligned to the position of the windowing sidetrack drilling section needing to be branched;
(3) sending a control signal to a control signal mechanism of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device in a way of oil pipe or continuous oil pipe, ball throwing and pressing, and braking a braking mechanism of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device by utilizing a first control circuit, a second control circuit, a third control circuit and a fourth control circuit of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device, so that the action of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device is controlled to be changed into a section of exposed casing pipe section;
(4) if the step (3) cannot be implemented for various reasons or a brake mechanism of the removable drilling-free windowing device cannot be opened, the fishing spear is lowered to fish the removable drilling-free windowing device, whether a circulation channel of the fishing spear is unblocked or not is checked, whether the sliding block moves flexibly or not is checked, the lowering depth of the fishing spear is accurately calculated according to the position of the positioning centralizer, if the fishing spear cannot reach the specified calculation position, a drill rod is connected for pumping circulation, grinding is carried out until the specified position is reached, the removable drilling-free windowing device is taken out of a shaft by the lifting pipe column, and the shaft is cleared by using a drift gauge;
(5) if the step (4) cannot be implemented for various reasons, or the brake mechanism of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device cannot be fished out of the shaft, the shaft is cleaned in a well washing or drilling-grinding mode, and successful windowing is realized;
(6) according to the size relationship between the branch well and the main well, the directional branch well is selectively reamed or drilled in a small well at the exposed part of the stratum contacted with the removable drilling-free window-grinding device, when the size of the branch well is smaller than that of the main well, the branch well is drilled by using a small drill bit, then a casing or a sieve tube is put for well completion, and when the sizes of the branch well and the main well are the same, the branch well is reamed and reamed for well drilling, and the expansion sieve tube with the same size is sent by using a continuous oil tube for suspension sealing well completion.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures: the side drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free completion method which adopts the side drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free completion device of claim 1 and is applied to horizontal well sections which are drilled into fishbone-shaped branch well sections or are completed by casing pipes in branch well bores and need the same size as a main well bore, and comprises the following steps:
(1) when drilling an oil layer part, the drilling tool assembly is used for drilling a first branch borehole and directly performing directional drilling on the first branch borehole by reaming or slim hole drilling instead of drilling into the bottom of the well;
(2) when the first branch well is drilled, the drilling tool is taken out, a well completion pipe string is put into the first branch well, the well completion pipe string is a sand control screen pipe or a slotted liner pipe or is directly subjected to open hole well completion, and when the lower screen pipe section is used for well completion, the part close to the horizontal well section is connected with a removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device;
(3) replacing oil, and continuing to drill a second branch well hole in the horizontal well section after the working procedures are finished;
(4) similarly, the step of drilling the first branch well is repeated to complete the well in a required well completion mode, the well completion pipe column is a sand control screen pipe, a slotted liner pipe or directly complete the open hole well, and a part close to the horizontal well section is connected with a removable drilling-and-grinding-free windowing device when the lower screen pipe section is used for well completion, so that the drilling of the second branch well is completed;
(5) repeating the steps until the drilling of the fishbone-shaped branch well bores of at least 2 branch well bores is completely finished;
(6) completing the drilling of the whole main shaft;
(7) drilling and finally putting a required well completion string in the main shaft, wherein the required well completion string comprises a removable drilling and grinding-free drilling and well bottom combination device of a sidetracking well selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device, a removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device and a positioning centralizer, the installation number of the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device is determined according to the number of sidetracking well branches, and the number and the position of the positioning centralizer are determined according to the specific condition of actual drilling and oil reservoir;
(8) sending a control signal to a control signal mechanism of the removable drilling-free and grinding-free windowing device in a ball throwing and pressing mode through an oil pipe or a continuous oil pipe, and braking a braking mechanism of the removable drilling-free and grinding-free windowing device by utilizing a first control circuit, a second control circuit, a third control circuit and a fourth control circuit of the removable drilling-free and grinding-free windowing device so as to control the action of the removable drilling-free and grinding-free windowing device to become a section of exposed casing section;
(9) controlling the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device to enable the sealing mechanism on the screen pipe section to be tightly attached to the original well casing pipe so as to provide suspension sealing for the well completion pipe string; if the branch section adopts a casing cementing perforation completion mode, the sealing mechanism has the function of suspension sealing and is matched with a casing setting auxiliary device to complete cementing cement circulation and effectively seal.
The invention discloses a device and a method for sidetrack drilling selectable drilling-grinding-free well completion, relates to a sidetrack drilling well completion technology for sidetrack drilling selectable removable drilling-grinding-free windowing, and particularly relates to a method for carrying out re-drilling on an old well by utilizing an original well-windowing sidetrack drilling horizontal well, so that the old well is recovered and the productivity is increased. Therefore, the lateral drilling technology has greater superiority, on one hand, the advantages of high efficiency and high yield of the horizontal well can be exerted, the oil drainage area is increased, the potential of residual oil is excavated, the recovery ratio is improved, and the development effect of the oil field is improved. On the other hand, the oil-well-type vertical well can share one straight well section to simultaneously mine two or more oil layers or the same oil layer in different directions, so that the investment is saved compared with that of a horizontal well while the reserve is better used. The sidetracking multilateral well technology slowly becomes an important advanced technology for oil and gas field development in recent years, is widely applied, has wide market prospect and good economic and social benefits, and therefore has wide development and application prospect in the future. The invention realizes that the casing at the windowing part does not need to be drilled and ground when drilling the windowing side drilling section needing branching, shortens the construction period of side drilling, reduces the operation cost and simultaneously achieves the purpose that the sizes and the number of the main well bore and the side drilling well bore are not limited. The method can greatly reduce the sidetrack drilling cost, improve the drilling efficiency, shorten the actual drilling period of sidetrack drilling and sidetrack drilling of horizontal wells and improve the return rate of investment efficiency. The labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the operation time and cost are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a sidetrack drilling selectable abrasion-free completion assembly of the present invention in a straight or directional sidetrack drilling;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multilateral side-drilling run-in optional removable drill-wear-free completion tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an alternative removable drill-wear-free completion tool for multi-lateral side-tracking horizontal well tripping in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fishbone-shaped offset well sidetrack drilling and running optional removable drill-and-wear-free completion tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a multilateral wellbore section completed with a sand screen or liner in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multilateral interval casing cementing completion in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a removable drill-and-wear-free windowing facility in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
At present, the side drilling process mostly adopts a windowing side drilling milling process, so that a cement sheath and a casing are easily damaged, hidden dangers are brought to later production, and the service lives of a horizontal well and a side drilling well are shortened in serious cases. The invention aims to provide a drilling and grinding-free well completion tool and a process method for side drilling, which are used for oil and gas layers suitable for multi-branch exploration and development, such as natural fractured reservoirs, heterogeneous strong oil and gas reservoirs, heavy oil reservoirs, fault block reservoirs, coal bed gas and the like, and achieve the aims of shortening the cycle, reducing the cost and increasing the yield of the exploration and development of different oil and gas reservoirs.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an alternative drilling and completion system for sidetracking wells of the present invention. The side drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device comprises a positioning centralizer 3, a removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device 5, a removable drilling and grinding-free side drilling well bottom combination device 6 and the like, and for a horizontal well or a highly deviated well, particularly for parts with unstable well wall and large well diameter expansion rate, and well sections needing side drilling of fishbone-shaped branch wells are also required to be provided with two or more groups of matching components such as the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device 5, the positioning centralizer 3, the removable drilling and grinding-free side drilling well bottom combination device 6 and the like.
The positioning centralizer 3 has the function of accurately positioning the exact position of the sidetracking section and the dual function of centralizing the shaft 1 and the casing 2. The number of positioning centralizers is determined by the specific well configuration and the condition of the sidetracking branch.
The removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 is controlled to be opened through remote control of oil pipes or coiled oil pipes, throwing balls, pressing or sending electric signals, so that the action of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 is controlled to directly open a casing section needing side drilling and windowing when a windowing side drilling section needing branching is drilled, a casing at the windowing part does not need to be drilled and ground, the construction period of side drilling is shortened, and the operation cost is reduced. The device 5 can remove and exempt from to bore and grind windowing has the inner tube that can bore through different fixed modes (including pin, shoulder backing plate, tang are fixed etc.), its characteristics lie in that the tubular column goes into the back down, can rotate in the in-process of sending into, push down, draw whole tubular column, can circulate, rotatable tubular column, decide whether to consolidate well as required, consequently no matter take well cementation or open hole well completion mode, can all go into down and drag for lance or fishing tool salvages the inner tube, fishing tool comprises little drill bit, slider drag for lance, big drill bit, drilling rod box etc..
The removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking shaft bottom assembly 6: the running of a completion pipe string is facilitated, and forward/reverse well washing construction can be carried out when the sidetracked branch well is completed by a screen pipe.
As shown in fig. 7, the braking mechanism 506 is braked by the control circuits 502 to 505 by means of a control signal delivering mechanism 501 which delivers a control signal by means of a ball throwing open/sending electric signal, such as oil pipe or coiled oil pipe, ball throwing, and pressing. The wireless transmitting device is arranged in a control signal mechanism 501, the wireless transmitting device transmits a wireless signal carrying a code for controlling the switch of a brake mechanism 506 and the current state, when the wireless receiving device detects the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless transmitting device, the wireless receiving device outputs the received wireless signal to a first control circuit 502, if the first control circuit 502 does not receive the wireless signal, the wireless signal is output to a second control circuit 503, the wireless signal is output to a third control circuit 504 and a fourth control circuit 505 in sequence, the fourth control circuit 505 judges the signal according to the switch code in the received wireless signal, the fourth control circuit 505 analyzes the action state in the received wireless signal, the brake mechanism 506 is controlled to open the switch, the drilling and grinding-free windowing device 5 can be removed to act as a section of exposed casing, the casing section needing the side drilling and windowing is directly opened, meanwhile, the removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking well bottom combination device 6 can be remotely controlled to be opened, and the removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking well bottom combination device 6 has the function of automatic positioning and orientation.
The material of the removable drilling-free and grinding-free windowing device 5 is processed by composite materials such as an easily-grinded material or a soluble material, is easily-soluble, soluble and easily-drilled metal or special material, mainly comprises metal material and non-metal material, and the metal material comprises soluble metal material such as nano magnesium powder material, so that a milling part is easily dissolved in downhole fluid; the non-metallic materials include degradable polymer materials, nano carbon materials, biodegradable materials and the like. The material can be dissolved, degraded, decomposed or easily drilled, can be directly dissolved in a shaft or can be drilled and removed more easily than the traditional material, has the characteristics of simple operation process, short construction period, low operation risk, shaft protection and the like, can obviously reduce the development cost and the later maintenance cost of a single well, and has obvious economic benefit.
In an embodiment, for a large-displacement horizontal well, if the horizontal section of the horizontal well is long or the number of branches is large, a plurality of groups of horizontal section compensators, positioning centralizers and a removable drilling-grinding-free lateral drilling well bottom combination device need to be matched, wherein the bottom end of the removable drilling-grinding-free lateral drilling well bottom combination device is connected with a magnetic material, the magnetic material is connected and downwards put by a drill rod at the well bottom when the last stage of drilling is completed, and the releasing is completed when the well bottom is lowered to the well bottom position, so that the downwards-entering friction resistance of the whole pipe column can.
Can carry out the bore hole completion or casing cementing well cementation well completion, drag for the lance to salvage and can remove and exempt from to bore and grind windowing facility down, check and drag for whether lance circulating channel is unblocked, whether the slider removes in a flexible way, according to the position accurate calculation of location centralizer the entry depth of fishing lance down, if can not arrive appointed calculation position under the fishing lance, can connect the drilling rod to open the pump circulation, grind, until the appointed position, it will remove and exempt from to bore and grind windowing facility and take out the pit shaft to lift the tubular column, utilize the drift gauge to carry out the drifting. Even if the inner barrel of the drilling and grinding-free windowing device can not be fished out of a shaft, the inner barrel can be cleaned in a well washing or drilling and grinding mode, and successful windowing is realized.
The tool realizes drilling and milling-free well completion, relatively effectively protects the cement sheath and the casing, shortens the well construction period and the well completion time, realizes the target that the size and the number of branch well bores are not limited, and simultaneously overcomes the defects that the prior art needs drilling, milling and windowing and is easy to damage the cement sheath and the casing. The risk of pipe column clamping caused by drilling of a damaged sleeve is avoided, the construction time is effectively shortened, and the construction cost is reduced.
The main well bore can be a vertical well, a directional well or a horizontal well, so that the cost of the main well bore is saved, and the cost comprises drilling cost, wellhead device cost, ground pipe network cost, platform cost, treatment cost in the drilling process and the like. Because only one main shaft is drilled in each multi-branch well, the vertical well section part above each branch horizontal well is reduced, one multi-branch well is equivalent to a plurality of horizontal wells, the oil drainage area is increased, the oil well yield is greatly increased, the oil gas extraction can be accelerated, the investment recovery is accelerated, the extraction benefit is improved, the cost in multiple aspects is reduced, the ground device is correspondingly reduced or the efficiency is improved due to less drilling, and the efficiency of the platform is also improved. The method can be used for exploiting dead oil areas or small broken blocks, small sand bodies and the like which are not exploited originally by drilling a plurality of wells on the basis of low cost increase, so that the recoverable reserve of the oil field is greatly increased.
As shown in fig. 1, in a wellbore requiring sidetracking, a straight section is drilled into a slant section or a horizontal section in fig. 1, and a horizontal section is drilled into a branch section in fig. 2 and 3.
The specific method comprises the following implementation steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) performing drifting to a well section needing sidetrack windowing whether the well is a vertical well or a directional well, and determining the removable drilling-free windowing device 5 from the well bottom 8 at the windowed sidetrack drilling section 4 according to the specific position of the positioning centralizer 3.
(2) The casing pipe is lowered to the designed well depth, namely the windowing sidetracking well section needing windowing is connected with a pipe string descending combination, and pipe string structures such as a removable drilling-grinding-free sidetracking well bottom combination device 6, a removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 and a positioning centralizer 3 are connected from bottom to top and are descended into the main shaft 1, so that the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 is ensured to be aligned to the position of the windowing sidetracking well section 4 needing branching.
(3) The braking mechanism 506 is braked by utilizing the control circuits 502-505 through modes of sending an electric signal to send a control signal mechanism 501 through an oil pipe or a continuous oil pipe, throwing balls, pressing and the like, so that the action of the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device 5 is controlled to be changed into a section of exposed casing pipe section, and meanwhile, the remote control removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking shaft bottom combination device 6 is opened, so that the casing pipe at the windowing part is not required to be drilled and ground when the windowing sidetracking shaft section 4 needing branching is drilled, the construction period of sidetracking is shortened, and the operation cost is reduced.
(4) If the step (3) can not be implemented for various reasons, or the brake mechanism 506 of the removable drilling-free windowing device 5 can not be opened, the fishing spear can be used for fishing the removable drilling-free windowing device 5, whether the circulation channel of the fishing spear is unblocked or not is checked, whether the sliding block is flexible or not is detected, the descending depth of the fishing spear is accurately calculated according to the position of the positioning centralizer, if the fishing spear does not reach the specified calculation position, the drilling rod can be connected for circulation, the drilling rod can be ground until the specified position is reached, the removable drilling-free windowing device can be taken out of a shaft by the lifting pipe column, and the well dredging can be carried out by utilizing the well dredging gauge.
(5) If the step (4) cannot be implemented for various reasons or the brake mechanism 506 of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 cannot be fished out of the shaft, the shaft can be cleaned out in a well washing or drilling-grinding mode, and successful windowing is realized.
(6) According to the size relation of the branch well and the main well, the directional branch well is reamed or drilled in a small well at the exposed part of the stratum contacted with the removable drilling-free window-grinding device 5, when the size of the branch well is smaller than that of the main well, the branch well is drilled by using a small drill bit, then a casing or a screen pipe is put for well completion, and as shown in figure 5, when the sizes of the branch well and the main well are the same, the branch well is reamed and reamed for well completion, and the expansion screen pipe with the same size is sent by using a continuous oil pipe for suspension sealing well completion. When a lateral is completed with casing and is required to be the same size as the main wellbore, the lateral is completed with the lateral drilling completion method described below.
In fig. 4, for example, a horizontal section is drilled into a fishbone-shaped lateral or horizontal section.
The specific method comprises the following implementation steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) when drilling the oil layer part, the drilling tool assembly is used for drilling the first branch borehole 7 instead of drilling the bottom 8 all the way into the well bottom, and reaming or slim hole drilling can be carried out to directly directionally drill the first branch borehole 7.
(2) When the first branch well hole 7 is drilled, the drilling tool is pulled out, and a completion pipe string is put into the first branch well hole 7, wherein the completion pipe string can be a wire-wrapped screen pipe, a slotted screen pipe, a prefabricated screen pipe and other sand control screen pipes or can be directly subjected to open hole completion, and when the lower screen pipe section 10 is used for completion, the part close to the horizontal well section is connected with the removable drilling-and-grinding-free windowing device 5.
(3) And replacing oil, and continuing to drill a second branch well hole 9 in the horizontal well section after the working procedures are finished.
(4) The first lateral wellbore drilling step is repeated as well to complete the desired completion, which may be sand screen, slotted liner or direct open hole completion, as shown in fig. 5, and the drilling and completion of the second lateral wellbore 9 is completed by attaching the removable drill-and-wear-free windowing facility 5 to the portion of the horizontal wellbore section adjacent to the completion of the lower screen section 10.
(5) And the rest is repeated until the drilling of the fishbone-shaped branch well bores of at least 2 branch well bores is completely finished.
(6) Drilling of the entire main shaft 1 is completed.
(7) And finally, tripping in a required completion string in the main shaft 1, wherein the required completion string mainly comprises a removable drilling-grinding-free sidetrack drilling well bottom combination device 6, a removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 and a positioning centralizer 3, the installation number of the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 is determined according to the number of sidetrack drilling branches, and the number and the position of the positioning centralizer are determined according to the specific condition that actual drilling meets an oil reservoir.
(8) The braking mechanism 506 is braked by the control circuit 502-505 through the modes of sending an electric signal to send a control signal mechanism 501 through an oil pipe or a continuous oil pipe, throwing balls, pressing and the like, so that the action of the removable drilling and grinding-free windowing device 5 is controlled to be changed into a section of exposed casing section, meanwhile, the remote control removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking well bottom combination device 6 is opened, and the removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking well bottom combination device 6 has the function of automatic positioning and orientation.
(9) And further controlling the removable drilling-grinding-free windowing device 5 to enable the sealing mechanism 11 on the screen section 10 to be tightly attached to the original well casing pipe so as to provide suspension sealing for the well completion pipe string. If the branch section adopts a casing cementing perforation completion mode, the sealing mechanism 11 has the function of suspension sealing and can complete cementing cement circulation and effectively seal in cooperation with the casing setting assistor 13.
The order of the first branch borehole 7 and the second branch borehole 9 can be interchanged, namely, the drilling can be started from a position close to the toe end of the horizontal well section, and the drilling can also be started from a position close to the heel end of the horizontal well section.
For the completion with a screen pipe in a branch wellbore, as shown in fig. 5, that is, when the screen pipe section 10 can pass through various screen pipe columns such as a slotted liner pipe, a sand control screen pipe, an expanded screen pipe, a wire-wrapped screen pipe and the like which are run in by an oil pipe or a coiled tubing, the sealing mechanism 11 can complete the function of hanging and sealing the screen pipe and the main wellbore 1; when the lateral borehole is completed by a casing, as shown in fig. 6, the lateral cementing section 12 assists the casing by the casing-running assist device 13 to ensure the smooth running of the pipe string, and cooperates with the sealing mechanism 11 to complete the circulation of the cementing cement and effectively seal the well.
The sidetracking well drilling selectable drilling and grinding-free well completion device and method enable the sidetracking branch well to achieve unlimited number of branch wells, meanwhile, the sidetracking well completion device can select removable drilling and grinding-free sidetracking well completion, so that a casing at a windowing position does not need to be drilled and ground when a windowing sidetracking well drilling section needing branching is drilled, the removable drilling and grinding-free device is made of a dissolvable, degradable, decomposable or easily-drilled material, a mechanical process can be omitted, and the device can be directly dissolved in a shaft or quickly removed. The drilling and milling-free well completion is realized, the cement sheath and the casing are relatively effectively protected, the well construction period and the well completion time are shortened, the target that the size and the number of branch well bores are not limited is realized, and the defects that the cement sheath and the casing are easy to damage due to the fact that drilling, milling and windowing are needed in the prior art are overcome. The precision requirement of improving the track control is met, the risk that a drilling damaged casing pipe causes pipe column clamping is avoided, the construction time is effectively shortened, the well construction period is shortened, the construction time and cost are saved, and the construction cost is reduced. Overcomes the defects of drilling and grinding, and has the characteristics of simplifying the operation process and protecting the shaft. The invention can greatly reduce the sidetrack drilling cost, improve the drilling efficiency, shorten the actual sidetrack drilling and sidetrack drilling horizontal well drilling period and improve the return rate of investment efficiency. The labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the operation time and cost are reduced. The process technology has the advantages of reasonable structural design, simplicity and convenience in operation, high efficiency, high safety and strong operability.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but other equivalents may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. That is, the present invention may have other embodiments in addition to the above embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN201811273692.1A CN111101858B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Side drilling wells can choose drilling and grinding-free completion devices and methods |
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| CN201811273692.1A CN111101858B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Side drilling wells can choose drilling and grinding-free completion devices and methods |
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| CN114991657A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-02 | 西南石油大学 | A device suitable for gas and liquid drilling downhole under pressure completion and using method thereof |
| CN115874928A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Fishbone-shaped well drilling device and power system thereof |
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