CN111105086A - A visual layout system and method for cooling, heating and power load forecasting - Google Patents
A visual layout system and method for cooling, heating and power load forecasting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种冷热电负荷预测可视化布局系统及方法，包括真实三维场景建模模块，用于将供能区域的真实场景进行实体建模；虚拟传感器布置模块，与真实三维场景建模模块连接，用于在实际传感器布局的基础上，监测点位上的变量；冷热电负荷预测节点布置模块，与虚拟传感器布置模块连接，用于对指定区域冷热电负荷进行预测；布局可视化和人机交互模块，与冷热电负荷预测节点布置模块连接，用三维可视化技术进行冷热电负荷预测布局的可视化及实现人机交互。采用上述技术方案能够立体直观地展现供能区域的冷热电负荷状况，同时增加的虚拟传感器可以实现数据扩展，在不增加硬件成本的情况下知悉某点位的变量值，也更有利于实际传感器的布局优化。
The invention discloses a visual layout system and method for predicting cooling, heating and electric loads, comprising a real three-dimensional scene modeling module, which is used for solid modeling of the real scene of an energy supply area; a virtual sensor arrangement module, which is used for modeling with the real three-dimensional scene. The module connection is used to monitor the variables at the points on the basis of the actual sensor layout; the cooling, heating and power load prediction node layout module is connected to the virtual sensor layout module, which is used to predict the cooling, heating and power load in a designated area; layout visualization It is connected with the human-computer interaction module and the cooling, heating and power load forecasting node layout module, and uses 3D visualization technology to visualize the cooling, heating and power load forecasting layout and realize human-computer interaction. The above-mentioned technical solution can display the cooling, heating, and electric load conditions of the energy supply area in a three-dimensional and intuitive manner. At the same time, the added virtual sensor can realize data expansion, and it is more beneficial to know the variable value of a certain point without increasing the hardware cost. Sensor layout optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy management, in particular to a visual layout system and a visual layout method for cooling, heating and power load prediction based on a real three-dimensional scene and a virtual sensor.
Background
The essence of low-carbon economy is to create a clean energy structure and improve the energy utilization efficiency, which is a remarkable characteristic of an energy center, so that it is necessary to build an energy system with advanced technical means and high energy utilization efficiency in an energy center project. The method comprises the steps that at the rear end of an energy center cooling, heating and power load forecasting system, each sensor point location is uniquely identified through a tag Id and used for retrieving data of the point location, so that a worker is required to memorize the position of an actual sensor corresponding to the tag Id, and the method has good space imagination capacity and high requirements; or the point location is marked by using the plane point bitmap and the tagId of the sensor, but it is not easy to find the corresponding position in the whole huge energy supply area in time, and the sensor is generally arranged according to experience, so that certain irrationality exists.
The three-dimensional visualization technology based on the real three-dimensional scene can utilize a scene module established in advance to quickly establish a three-dimensional model of an energy supply area, and the functions of amplification, reduction and perspective of the three-dimensional visualization technology enable workers to be accurately and visually positioned. Secondly, the actual sensor is limited by the on-site environmental conditions and building structures, and the layout of the sensor has certain limitations, such as the situation that the sensor cannot be installed in a narrow space and is not used for a long time due to moisture. Therefore, virtual sensors have been introduced to these limited locations, which are not real-life sensors, but rely on real-life sensors to determine monitoring values according to conservation formulas, sampling methods, and statistical methods. The method has important significance for providing accurate data for the cooling, heating and power load prediction system, has guiding significance for layout optimization of the actual sensor, and reduces input cost and operation cost.
The literature search of the prior art finds that the sunshuhong summarizes operation modes of energy ladder utilization, urban load peak clipping and valley filling and the like of a combined cooling, heating and power supply system in the public building combined cooling, heating and power supply system research, and indicates that the load characteristics of the building and the factors such as local relevant policies and the like should be fully considered, but no practical solution is given. The invention monitors and analyzes the load characteristics of the building by arranging sensors in the energy supply area and receiving third-party data.
Through the literature retrieval of the prior art, yebin establishes a three-dimensional visualization scene with authenticity in the dense well track three-dimensional visualization system research based on C # and OpenGL to reflect the deviation between the actual drilled well track and the expected designed well track, so that the judgment on the bottom layer structure and the reservoir layer characteristics is improved, the drilling direction of a drill bit in the reservoir layer is controlled, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved. The method is similar to the idea of the real three-dimensional scene model, but the author compares the deviation of the well track, and the method highlights the visualization of the real three-dimensional scene and the layout optimization of the virtual sensors in the three-dimensional scene.
Through the search of documents in the prior art, it is found that in grazing and in a "sensor layout method based on a bonding diagram model" of a Yuan-Hai-Wen, a system model established by using a bonding diagram, structural information thereof and causal relationship constraints derive a set of analytic redundant relational expressions, so that a sensor layout method with the least number is selected on the premise of meeting system performance. However, the entire system of this document is analog, and particularly the derivation of the relationship with respect to the sensors has no support for actual data.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a thermoelectric load prediction visualization layout system and method based on a real three-dimensional scene and a virtual sensor, which can stereoscopically and visually display the thermoelectric load conditions in an energy supply area, and at the same time, the added virtual sensor can implement data expansion, and know the variable value of a certain point without increasing hardware cost, and is more favorable for layout optimization of the actual sensor.
The invention discloses a visual layout system for predicting cooling, heating and power loads, which comprises:
the real three-dimensional scene modeling module is used for carrying out entity modeling on a real scene of the energy supply area;
the virtual sensor arrangement module is connected with the real three-dimensional scene modeling module and used for monitoring variables on point positions on the basis of actual sensor layout;
the cold and heat power load prediction node arrangement module is connected with the virtual sensor arrangement module and used for predicting the cold and heat power loads of the designated area;
and the layout visualization and human-computer interaction module is connected with the cold and heat power load prediction node arrangement module, and is used for visualizing the cold and heat power load prediction layout and realizing human-computer interaction by using a three-dimensional visualization technology.
A visual layout method for cooling, heating and power load prediction comprises the following steps:
step S1: the real three-dimensional scene modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling according to specific real objects of the energy supply area, classifying the established entity three-dimensional models into model libraries according to common attributes, and introducing the model libraries into the real three-dimensional scene model as components in modes of dragging, inserting and the like;
step S2: the virtual sensor arrangement module is arranged in the three-dimensional scene model after the real three-dimensional scene model and the actual sensor are built, and the monitoring value is calculated by a sampling method, a statistical method and a conservation law of physical quantity depending on the actual sensor related to the virtual sensor;
step S3: the cold, heat and power load prediction node arrangement module is used for selectively visualizing a cold, heat and power load prediction result of a designated area and the virtual sensor layout of the area according to the focus of the energy center, then all monitoring data of the whole energy supply area are stored in a back-end database, and only data generated by sensor monitoring points related to the selected cold, heat and power load prediction visualized area are transmitted to a background of a visualized layout system to participate in load prediction operation and layout optimization operation;
step S4: and the layout visualization and human-computer interaction module is used for visually displaying the corresponding prediction result and optimized layout after selecting the cold, heat and power load prediction area and performing virtual sensor layout optimization and decision making.
In the above scheme, the three-dimensional modeling of the entity in step S1 mainly considers its main structural factors, and requires a better recognition degree, omitting specific detail factors.
In the above-mentioned solution, the layout of the virtual sensors in step S2 is optimized by using integer programming under the corresponding limitation conditions of the cooling, heating and power load prediction region, where the limitation conditions include whether the increase of a certain virtual sensor can result in the improvement of prediction accuracy and whether the monitoring point is important but not beneficial to the installation of the actual sensor.
In the above scheme, the human-computer interaction module in step S4 includes a database, a method library and a function library, and through system framework design, stored data information is processed and fed back to the energy center, and human eyes perceive the processed information and then quickly make a judgment or make a decision according to a preset program, and through input equipment, the system makes further adjustments according with an energy center operation strategy and energy supply area user requirements.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention provides a visual layout system and a visual layout method for cooling, heating and power load prediction, which can display the cooling, heating and power load conditions of an energy supply area in a three-dimensional and visual manner, can realize data expansion by adding a virtual sensor, can know the variable value of a certain point under the condition of not increasing the hardware cost, and is more favorable for layout optimization of an actual sensor.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a visual layout system for cooling, heating and power load prediction, including:
the real three-dimensional scene modeling module is used for carrying out entity modeling on a real scene of the energy supply area, such as lawns, asphalt roads, buildings, furniture, electric appliances, pipelines and the like to establish a three-dimensional model expressed by an image, and the three-dimensional model is used as a standard component to be added into a real three-dimensional scene module library so as to quickly establish a real three-dimensional scene model;
the virtual sensor arrangement module is connected with the real three-dimensional scene modeling module, monitors a variable on a certain point location on the basis of actual sensor layout, equivalently arranges a virtual sensor on the point location, establishes a connection with a sensor associated with the monitored variable of the point location, and obtains a variable value of the point location by using a flow formula, an ohm law and the like;
the cold and heat and power load prediction node arrangement module is connected with the virtual sensor arrangement module, can selectively specify the prediction of the cold and heat and power load of a certain area, and simultaneously optimizes the layout of the virtual sensor based on the condition constraint of the prediction node;
the layout visualization and human-computer interaction module is connected with the cooling, heating and power load prediction node arrangement module, visualizes the cooling, heating and power load prediction layout by utilizing a three-dimensional visualization technology, and simultaneously adds human-computer interaction, so that the subjective activity of people is increased, and the system and a user can conveniently carry out information exchange.
As shown in fig. 2, a visual layout method for cooling, heating and power load prediction includes the following steps:
step S1: the module has the function of rapidly building a real three-dimensional scene model by utilizing each entity three-dimensional model which is manufactured in advance. In order to save development time and facilitate secondary development, only main constituent elements of the entity, such as length, width, height and rough shape contours, are considered during three-dimensional modeling of the entity, and over-detailed structure and appearance elements, such as round corners, appearance colors and other decorations, are ignored. And secondly, classifying the established entity three-dimensional models into an integrated model library according to common attributes, and introducing the integrated model library into a real three-dimensional scene model as a component in modes of dragging, inserting and the like. For a complex real three-dimensional scene model with higher scene factor requirements, light adjustment needs to be performed according to shade change caused by the sunlight direction, and different types of buildings, entity models and the like are identified by scene rendering.
Step S2: and the virtual sensor arrangement module is arranged in the three-dimensional scene model on the premise that the real three-dimensional scene model and the actual sensor are well built. The location of the virtual sensor may be a branch of a circuit or branch of a water supply pipeline that affects the cooling, heating and power loads or a point in the environment. The temperature and humidity virtual sensor for monitoring the space environment can be arranged at any point in the space under the condition that the temperature and humidity virtual sensor is not reasonable, and the virtual electric meter can also be arranged on any branch of the circuit. On the premise of conforming to the physical law and reasonable arrangement, the monitoring value of the virtual sensor is calculated by relying on the relevant actual sensor through a sampling method, a statistical method and a conservation law of physical quantity. Monitoring the PM2.5 index and the temperature of a certain space by five-point sampling and equidistant sampling; the voltage, the current and the electric energy at a certain virtual sensor are obtained through kirchhoff current law, kirchhoff voltage law, energy conservation law, ohm law and the characteristics of the series-parallel circuit. The value of the virtual temperature and humidity sensor can be roughly evaluated according to the average value of the monitoring values of the temperature and humidity sensors around the environment, and similarly, the monitoring number of the virtual sensor is obtained according to the rule that the sum of branch current is equal to the main current and the voltage of a parallel circuit is equal;
step S3: the cold and heat power load prediction node arrangement module can selectively visualize the cold and heat power load prediction result of a certain specified area and the virtual sensor layout of the area according to the focus of the energy center. Also, the selectable area may be large or small, including the entire powered area or a sub-area, small to a particular building or floor, or even a room. After that, in order to save the time of data transmission and data processing, all monitoring data of the whole energy supply area are stored in a back-end database, but only data generated by sensor monitoring point positions related to the selected cooling, heating and power load prediction visual area are transmitted to a background of a visual layout system to participate in load prediction operation and layout optimization operation;
a cold, heat and power load prediction algorithm and a virtual sensor layout optimization algorithm are integrated in the module. The virtual sensor layout optimization algorithm adopts integer programming, and a specific process takes a temperature and humidity sensor as an example. To minimize sensor hardware costs while preserving monitoring data accuracy, the number and location of real and virtual sensors are continually combined to find the optimal situation. Consider the case where there are m types of sensors to be arranged in the entire energy supply area, and there are n total monitoring points of the sensors, where it is not appropriate to install an actual sensor or only a certain sensor. The mathematical analysis of the integer program is as follows:
(1) indexing
i sensor type number (i ═ 1, …, m)
j is the number of the layout point (j is 1, …, n)
(2) Inputting parameters
piUnit price of sensor i, installation and maintenance cost (i 1, …, m)
(3) Decision variables
(4) Conditional constraints
qj,i||(xj,i+yj,i) 0; when q isj,iWhen equal to 0
tj,i||xj,i0; when t isj,iWhen equal to 0
(5) Variable type constraints
xj,i0 or 1
yj,i0 or 1
(6) Objective function
Step S4: the layout visualization and man-machine interaction module is used for visually displaying a corresponding prediction result and an optimized layout after selecting a cold, heat and power load prediction area and performing virtual sensor layout optimization and decision making, wherein the man-machine interaction module comprises a database, a method library and a function library, stored data information is processed and fed back to the energy center through system framework design, human eyes can quickly make judgment after sensing the processed information or make decision according to a preset program, and the system can further adjust the operation strategy of the energy center and the user requirements of the energy supply area through input equipment. When the prediction result of the cooling, heating and power load and the layout result of the virtual sensor do not accord with the expectation of the energy center, the energy center can dynamically adjust the layout through an operation panel of the layout system. The operation panel is a main mode for interaction between the energy center and the system, can finely adjust a display interface, and has the functions of amplifying and reducing, transparency and rotation of the real three-dimensional scene model of the whole energy supply area, so that the energy center has higher operability and modification convenience for layout results.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention can display the cold, heat and electricity load conditions of the energy supply area in a three-dimensional and visual manner, and the added virtual sensors can realize data expansion, know the variable value of a certain point under the condition of not increasing the hardware cost and are more favorable for the layout optimization of the actual sensors.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A visual layout system for cooling, heating and power load prediction is characterized by comprising:
the real three-dimensional scene modeling module is used for carrying out entity modeling on a real scene of the energy supply area;
the virtual sensor arrangement module is connected with the real three-dimensional scene modeling module and used for monitoring variables on point positions on the basis of actual sensor layout;
the cold and heat power load prediction node arrangement module is connected with the virtual sensor arrangement module and used for predicting the cold and heat power loads of the designated area;
and the layout visualization and human-computer interaction module is connected with the cold and heat power load prediction node arrangement module, and is used for visualizing the cold and heat power load prediction layout and realizing human-computer interaction by using a three-dimensional visualization technology.
2. A method for visual layout system of cooling, heating and power load prediction according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: the real three-dimensional scene modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling according to specific real objects of the energy supply area, classifying the established entity three-dimensional models into model libraries according to common attributes, and introducing the model libraries into the real three-dimensional scene model as components in modes of dragging, inserting and the like;
step S2: the virtual sensor arrangement module is arranged in the three-dimensional scene model after the real three-dimensional scene model and the actual sensors are built, and the monitoring values of the virtual sensor arrangement module are calculated by relying on the actual sensors related to the virtual sensor arrangement module through a sampling method, a statistical method and a conservation law of physical quantities;
step S3: the cold, heat and power load prediction node arrangement module is used for selectively visualizing a cold, heat and power load prediction result of a specified area and the virtual sensor layout of the area according to the focus of the energy center, then all monitoring data of the whole energy supply area can be stored in a back-end database, and only data generated by sensor monitoring points related to the selected cold, heat and power load prediction visual area can be transmitted to a background of a visualized layout system to participate in load prediction operation and layout optimization operation;
step S4: and the layout visualization and human-computer interaction module is used for visually displaying the corresponding prediction result and optimized layout after selecting the cold, heat and power load prediction area and performing virtual sensor layout optimization and decision making.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional modeling of the entity in step S1 mainly considers its main structural factors, and requires a better recognition degree and ignores specific detailed factors.
4. The method for visual layout of cooling, heating and power load prediction as claimed in claim 2, wherein the virtual sensor layout in step S2 is optimized by integer programming under the corresponding constraints of the cooling, heating and power load prediction area, and the constraints include whether the addition of a virtual sensor can result in the improvement of prediction accuracy and whether the monitoring point is important but not beneficial to the installation of the actual sensor.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the human-computer interaction module in step S4 includes a database, a method library and a function library, and the stored data information is processed and fed back to the energy center through system framework design, and human eyes can quickly make a judgment after sensing the processed information or make a decision according to a preset program, and further adjust the system to meet the operation strategy of the energy center and the user demand of the energy supply area through an input device.
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